Automatic information acquisition device for water conservancy

Abstract

A water conservancy automation information acquisition device of the present application relates to the technical field of water conservancy information automation acquisition, and comprises a stand column and a monitoring bin, the stand column is provided with a lifting mechanism, the monitoring bin is installed on the lifting mechanism, and the monitoring bin is internally provided with a detection assembly for detecting water quality. A tangential water inlet used for introducing external water is formed in the side wall of a bin body of the monitoring bin, a water outlet is formed in the top of the monitoring bin and used for discharging the water in the monitoring bin, and water flow introduced through the tangential water inlet can form an internal vortex rotating around a center shaft in the monitoring bin. The device is used for stirring a water sample to prevent suspended solids from precipitating. The device has the advantages of lifting type in-situ measurement and extraction type safety protection characteristics, the sensor is effectively protected, and meanwhile it can be guaranteed that a water sample entering a measurement area can be prevented from precipitating so as to maintain the uniformity effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of automated water conservancy information acquisition technology, and in particular to an automated water conservancy information acquisition device. Background Technology

[0002] The automated and real-time acquisition of water resources information is the cornerstone of modern water resources management, flood control early warning, water environment protection, and water ecology research. Traditional fixed-point manual sampling and monitoring methods suffer from poor real-time performance, high labor costs, and low monitoring frequency, making it difficult to meet the increasingly refined management needs. Therefore, automated online monitoring equipment integrating multiple sensors has become the mainstream technological development direction.

[0003] Currently, automated information acquisition devices on the market mainly fall into two technical categories: The first is extraction-type monitoring equipment. This type of equipment uses a built-in water pump to extract water samples from a specific depth into an analysis unit (detection chamber) on the shore or buoy for measurement. Its advantages are a stable sensor operating environment and ease of maintenance and calibration. However, its inherent drawbacks are: firstly, after the extracted water sample enters the static detection chamber, suspended solids (such as silt, algae, etc.) in the water will settle due to gravity, causing the sensor's measurement of clear liquid to fail to represent the true turbidity and particulate matter contamination status of the water body, resulting in data distortion; the second type is in-situ immersion monitoring equipment, which typically employs a lifting structure. This type of equipment fixes the sensor probe to the end of a lifting mechanism, which directly lowers the probe to the target water depth for in-situ measurement. Its advantages are a relatively simple structure, low energy consumption, and the ability to measure pristine water bodies. However, this solution also has significant drawbacks: First, the sensor probe is completely exposed to natural water flow, making it highly susceptible to damage from direct impacts from hard impurities such as stones and branches in the water; second, at high flow rates, the turbulence effect of the water flow interferes with the stability of the sensor, while at low flow rates, it is easily entangled by flexible impurities such as aquatic plants and filamentous algae, which not only affects the measurement accuracy but also damages the lifting mechanism.

[0004] In summary, the existing technical approach presents a pressing technical contradiction: protecting the sensor and obtaining a stable measurement environment (such as extraction type) would sacrifice the representativeness of the water sample and introduce system complexity; while ensuring the in-situ and representativeness of the measurement (such as lifting type) would require sacrificing the sensor's safety and anti-interference capabilities. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this application is to provide a water conservancy automation information acquisition device that combines the advantages of in-situ measurement with the safety protection features of extraction. While effectively protecting the sensor, it can also ensure that the water sample entering the measurement area can prevent sedimentation and maintain uniformity.

[0006] The water conservancy automation information acquisition device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution, which includes: a column, on which a lifting mechanism is provided; The monitoring chamber is installed on the lifting mechanism and is equipped with a detection component for detecting water quality. The side wall of the monitoring chamber is provided with a tangential inlet for introducing external water, and the top of the monitoring chamber is provided with an outlet for discharging the water inside the monitoring chamber. The water flow introduced through the tangential inlet can form an internal vortex rotating around the central axis inside the monitoring chamber to agitate the water sample and prevent suspended solids from settling.

[0007] Optionally, the tangential inlet is provided with a Helmholtz inlet pipe extending tangentially in the side wall of the tank.

[0008] Optionally, the top of the monitoring chamber is a vortex stabilizing top cover, and the inner surface of the vortex stabilizing top cover is conical, narrowing towards the central outlet.

[0009] Optionally, it also includes an energy-storing and sewage-draining component disposed at the bottom of the monitoring chamber, which is used to remove residual stains inside the monitoring chamber.

[0010] Optionally, the energy storage and sewage discharge assembly includes: An energy storage chamber is located at the bottom of the monitoring chamber, and the bottom of the energy storage chamber is an elastic diaphragm; A one-way valve connecting the monitoring chamber and the energy storage chamber, the one-way valve being used to allow water flow from the monitoring chamber into the energy storage chamber; A drain outlet is provided on the energy storage chamber and communicates with the outside, and the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the drain outlet is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way valve. The dynamic pressure generated by the internal eddy currents in the monitoring chamber can drive water flow through the one-way valve into the energy storage chamber, and cause the elastic diaphragm to undergo elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy.

[0011] Optionally, a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure inside the energy storage chamber may also be included.

[0012] Optionally, the inner wall of the monitoring chamber is also provided with a plurality of radially expandable and deformable guide blocks. The plurality of guide blocks are evenly spaced around the axis of the monitoring chamber. The guide blocks are configured to disturb the eddies inside the monitoring chamber when they extend.

[0013] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The detection component in this application is placed in a relatively robust monitoring chamber, which provides a protective space for the delicate detection component, thereby preventing direct impact or damage from debris such as stones and branches in the water. At the same time, the tangential water inlet design in this application allows the external water flow to form a relatively stable vortex when entering the monitoring chamber. This vortex not only continuously agitates the water in the detection chamber, thus preventing suspended matter such as silt from settling and affecting the accuracy of the detection results, but also transforms the chaotic external water flow into a relatively stable vortex, thereby providing a relatively stable working environment for the detection component. Therefore, this application achieves the effect of protecting the detection component while ensuring the accuracy of the detection results. 2. Traditional equipment typically drains the water from the monitoring chamber after testing. However, this often leaves residual wastewater and impurities. Over time, these residues adhere to the chamber walls, forming stubborn scale that not only affects the true turbidity of the water but can also adhere to the probes of the detection components, potentially causing them to malfunction. In contrast, the energy-storage drainage component of this application is self-cleaning. When operating in water, the eddy currents within the monitoring chamber compress and store a portion of the water. Inside the energy storage chamber, the inflow of water exceeds the outflow, causing the water level to rise and the elastic diaphragm to deform and expand. The moment the equipment is lifted out of the water, the elastic diaphragm immediately rebounds and contracts, rapidly ejecting the water stored in the energy storage chamber from the drain outlet. This instantaneous ejection generates a powerful suction force, drawing all residual sewage and impurities that have not yet been discharged from the monitoring chamber into the energy storage chamber, and then discharging them from the drain outlet. This process requires no electricity, yet it eliminates the formation of internal dirt at the source, greatly extending the maintenance-free cycle of the equipment and reducing the cost and difficulty of manual operation and maintenance. 3. The energy storage chamber in this invention can not only discharge sewage, but the pressure inside it also directly reflects the flow velocity of the eddy current inside the chamber. The flow velocity of the eddy current inside the chamber is closely related to the flow velocity of the external water body. By installing a pressure sensor inside the energy storage chamber, this device can sense the speed and strength of the water flow in real time. Therefore, this invention can not only measure water quality, but also obtain hydrological information about the flow velocity without adding a complex flow meter. Overall, it provides richer and more comprehensive data support for flood warning, pollutant diffusion simulation, etc. 4. This invention incorporates multiple retractable micro-guide blocks on the inner wall of the monitoring chamber. During routine monitoring, these blocks retract and integrate with the chamber wall, maintaining stable measurements. However, when a rapid response is required, these guide blocks extend instantly like fins, actively disrupting the stable water flow within the chamber and generating violent disturbances. These disturbances accelerate the discharge of water from the outlet and allow new water samples to be introduced into the chamber, significantly increasing the detection frequency of the device. This enables the device to capture fleeting pollution peaks, achieving zero-delay instantaneous response to sudden pollution events. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the monitoring chamber in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the monitoring chamber in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the block structure in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; In the diagram, 1. Column; 11. Solar panel; 12. Control box; 13. Camera; 14. Mounting bracket; 15. Connecting bracket; 2. Lifting mechanism; 3. Monitoring chamber; 31. Tangential inlet; 32. Outlet; 33. Helmholtz inlet pipe; 34. Detection component; 4. Energy storage and sewage discharge component; 41. Energy storage chamber; 42. Elastic diaphragm; 43. Check valve; 44. Sewage outlet; 45. Sliding chamber; 46. Block; 47. Return spring; 48. Shape memory alloy wire; 5. Pressure sensor; 6. Flow guide block. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-5 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0016] A water conservancy automation information collection device, referring to Figures 1-5 It includes column 1, lifting mechanism 2 and monitoring chamber 3.

[0017] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2In this embodiment, the column 1 is fixedly installed on the ground of the flowing water area. The column 1 is equipped with conventional components such as a solar panel 11, a control box 12, and a camera 13, all of which are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, a mounting frame 14 is also fixedly connected to the perimeter of the column 1, and the lifting mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the mounting frame 14. In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 2 is an electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod is located above the water surface and extends and retracts in the vertical direction. The output end of the electric telescopic rod is also fixedly connected to an L-shaped connecting frame 15. In this embodiment, the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the control module in the control box 12.

[0018] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the monitoring chamber 3 is cylindrical. The outer wall of the monitoring chamber 3 is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting frame 15 away from the electric telescopic rod. The bottom of the monitoring chamber 3 is closed, and the top of the monitoring chamber 3 is an inverted frustum. A tangential water inlet 31 is provided on the peripheral wall of the monitoring chamber 3 near the bottom. The axis of the water inlet is parallel to the direction of water flow. A water outlet 32 ​​is coaxially provided on the top of the monitoring chamber 3. In addition, a detection component 34 for detecting water quality is provided on the inner wall of the monitoring chamber 3 in this embodiment. The detection component 34 in this embodiment can be a turbidity meter or other sensor for detecting water quality. In actual use, the sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the monitoring chamber 3, and a transparent silicon sheet for protecting the sensor is provided at the part of the monitoring chamber 3 corresponding to the sensor.

[0019] In this embodiment, the tangential water inlet 31 is provided with a Helmholtz water inlet pipe 33 extending in the tangential direction on the side wall of the monitoring chamber 3. The Helmholtz water inlet pipe 33 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. In addition, in this embodiment, the end of the Helmholtz water inlet pipe 33 away from the tangential water inlet 31 is provided with a fence to prevent impurities such as stones in the water from entering the monitoring chamber 3.

[0020] When water quality in a flowing water area needs to be tested, the lifting mechanism 2 is activated, causing it to descend and completely submerge the monitoring chamber 3. Water then flows into the monitoring chamber 3 through the Helmholtz inlet pipe 33. Since the water flows tangentially into the chamber, each stream possesses angular momentum relative to the central axis. As more water flows into the monitoring chamber 3 from the tangential inlet 31, their angular momentum directions are the same. This momentum continuously superimposes, forcing the entire water body inside the chamber to spontaneously and forcefully organize into a macroscopic vortex that rotates stably around the central axis, driven by the continuously injected tangential water flow. Simultaneously, because the Helmholtz inlet pipe 33 is narrow and of a certain length, most of the high-frequency, small-scale turbulent energy of the externally highly turbulent flow is dissipated due to intense friction with the pipe wall when it enters the pipe. This can be considered as externally highly turbulent flow. The Helmholtz inlet pipe 33 has momentum in all directions, and the wall of the pipe consumes the momentum in other directions of this chaotic turbulence, retaining only the momentum in the direction parallel to the axis of the Helmholtz inlet pipe 33. Therefore, the water flow entering the monitoring chamber 3 from the Helmholtz inlet pipe 33 will only have momentum in the direction tangential to the outer wall of the monitoring chamber 3. Thus, the external turbulence is transformed into an internal ordered, stable, and nearly laminar rotating vortex. This provides a relatively quiet working environment for the sensor, eliminating the interference of turbulent bubbles on optical measurements and avoiding the interference of flow velocity fluctuations on the response time of the electrochemical sensor, which greatly improves the accuracy and stability of the measurement data. The continuous internal vortex acts like a stirrer, and the shear force and lifting force it generates are sufficient to overcome the gravitational settling tendency of common suspended matter in water (such as silt and algae). This ensures that at any time, the water sample contacted by the sensor is completely consistent with the overall water sample composition in the chamber, and the suspended matter in the water is evenly distributed. Therefore, the measurement results can truly reflect the comprehensive properties of all components (dissolved and particulate) in the water body, thereby further improving the accuracy of the detection data.

[0021] Then, when the detection component 34 inside monitoring chamber 3 acquires data, since the vortex inside monitoring chamber 3 is rotating, it has centrifugal force. Under the action of centrifugal force, the rotating vortex tends to expand outward. At this time, the inverted conical top cover plays a guiding role. When the rotating water flows upward, the gradually narrowing inner wall applies a centripetal force, forcing the water to converge towards the center. This centripetal force balances the centrifugal force, allowing the vortex to be confined within a stable and orderly rotating structure, avoiding energy dissipation and flow field collapse. In a stable rotating vortex, the distribution of pressure and velocity is uneven. This will create clear stratification: the water flow located on the inner wall of monitoring chamber 3 has the largest radius of rotation, the highest linear velocity, and the strongest centrifugal force, resulting in the highest pressure; the water flow located on the axis of monitoring chamber 3 has the smallest radius of rotation, the lowest linear velocity, and the weakest centrifugal force, resulting in the lowest pressure. The outlet 32 ​​at the top center of monitoring chamber 3 is located in this vortex region with the lowest pressure, while the pressure in the lower half of monitoring chamber 3 is relatively high. Based on the fundamental principle that fluids always flow from high-pressure areas to low-pressure areas, the water in the chamber will naturally form a stable vertical circulation that flows from the bottom and outside, along the conical top cover, towards the low-pressure area at the top center, and then flows out.

[0022] Finally, when it is no longer necessary to test the water quality in the water area, the lifting mechanism 2 can be activated again to raise the monitoring chamber 3 above the water surface, and the water in the monitoring chamber 3 will be discharged from the Helmholtz inlet pipe 33.

[0023] In summary, compared with traditional extraction-type and lifting-type detection equipment, this device provides a safe and stable measurement environment for the sensor through the monitoring chamber 3, and also makes it difficult for suspended solids in the water sample in the monitoring chamber 3 to settle at the bottom of the monitoring chamber 3 through the self-driving of the water flow, which greatly improves the authenticity of the data measured by the detection component 34.

[0024] In practical applications, when it is no longer necessary to test the water quality of the flowing water area, when the monitoring chamber 3 rises above the water surface with the lifting mechanism 2, some sewage and impurities may remain in the monitoring chamber 3. If these sewage and impurities adhere to the walls of the monitoring chamber 3 for a long time, they will form stubborn dirt, which will not only affect the true turbidity of the subsequent water quality, but may also adhere to the probe of the detection component 34, thereby causing the detection component 34 to fail. Therefore, the information acquisition device in this embodiment also includes an energy storage sewage discharge component 4.

[0025] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In this embodiment, the energy storage and sewage discharge component 4 includes an energy storage chamber 41.

[0026] In this embodiment, the energy storage chamber 41 is coaxially disposed at the bottom of the monitoring chamber 3, and the bottom of the monitoring chamber 3 is the top of the energy storage chamber 41. A one-way valve 43 is provided between the monitoring chamber 3 and the energy storage chamber 41, which only allows water in the monitoring chamber 3 to flow to the energy storage chamber 41. In this embodiment, the one-way valve 43 is an umbrella valve, which can be opened with only a small positive pressure difference. Umbrella valves are existing technology and will not be described in detail here. In this embodiment, the one-way valve 43 is located near the wall of the monitoring chamber 3. When the monitoring chamber 3 is filled with eddies, this is not only the deepest part of the monitoring chamber 3, thus receiving the greatest deep water pressure, but also the eddies here have a relatively higher flow velocity than the center of the monitoring chamber 3 due to centrifugal force. The faster the flow velocity, the higher the water pressure. Therefore, this is the position with the highest relative water pressure in the monitoring chamber 3, which facilitates the water in the monitoring chamber 3 to open the one-way valve 43 and enter the energy storage chamber.

[0027] The bottom of the energy storage chamber is provided with an elastic diaphragm 42. In this embodiment, the elastic diaphragm 42 is made of EPDM rubber, which has good water resistance, corrosion resistance and elasticity. In this embodiment, the energy storage chamber wall is also provided with a drain port 44 that communicates with the outside. The drain port 44 is located at the lowest point of the energy storage chamber wall, and in this embodiment, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the drain port 44 is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way valve 43.

[0028] In this embodiment, the drain outlet 44 is square, and a sliding cavity 45 is provided on the inner wall of the drain outlet 44. A block 46 is slidably disposed in the sliding cavity 45. When the block 46 slides upward, the drain outlet 44 opens; when the block 46 slides downward, the drain outlet 44 closes. A reset elastic spring is provided between the block 46 and the upper cavity wall of the sliding cavity 45. In normal state, the reset spring 47 is in a compressed state, and under the action of the spring, the drain outlet 44 is always in a closed state. A shape memory alloy wire 48 is also provided between the block 46 and the upper cavity wall of the sliding cavity 45. In this embodiment, there are two shape memory alloy wires 48, which are located on both sides of the reset spring 47. Both shape memory alloy wires 48 are electrically connected to the power supply in the control box 12 through wires. In actual use, the wires are laid in the inner wall of the chamber and do not come into contact with water. At room temperature, the shape memory alloy wire 48 is in a relaxed state. When the power supply in the control box 12 supplies power to the shape memory alloy wire 48, the shape memory alloy wire 48 immediately contracts due to heat, thereby causing the block 46 to move upward, thus opening the drain port 44.

[0029] When both the monitoring chamber 3 and the energy storage chamber 41 are underwater, the drain outlet 44 is blocked, and the monitoring chamber 3 is filled with eddies. The one-way valve 43 is opened by the water pressure inside the monitoring chamber 3. Therefore, most of the water entering the monitoring chamber 3 will be discharged from the outlet 32 ​​on the top cover of the monitoring chamber 3, while a small portion of water will enter the energy storage chamber through the one-way valve 43. Because the drain outlet 44 is blocked, water will continuously accumulate in the energy storage chamber. This pressure will push downwards and stretch the elastic diaphragm 42, causing the elastic diaphragm 42 to expand and store elastic potential energy until the water pressure in the energy storage chamber and the monitoring chamber reach a relative equilibrium. When the equipment discharges water, the monitoring chamber 3 and the energy storage chamber 41 rise with the lifting mechanism 2. As the water level rises above the surface, the water in monitoring chamber 3 gradually decreases until only a small portion remains. At this point, the power supply in control box 12 powers the shape memory alloy wire 48, which rapidly heats up and contracts, pulling the block 46 upwards and opening the drain port 44. The water in the energy storage chamber is then quickly discharged from the drain port 44, and the stretched elastic diaphragm 42 rebounds violently. The pressure inside the energy storage chamber drops sharply, while the monitoring chamber 3 still maintains a pressure close to atmospheric pressure. Therefore, the one-way valve 43 is opened sequentially, and the negative pressure in the energy storage chamber immediately draws away the remaining sewage and impurities from the monitoring chamber 3 and discharges them from the drain port 44, thus achieving the cleaning effect on the stains inside the monitoring chamber 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the wall of the energy storage chamber 41 is also equipped with a pressure sensor 5.

[0031] When monitoring chamber 3 is submerged in water, the external water flow is the sole energy source driving the vortex formation within it. According to fluid mechanics principles, the greater the kinetic energy of the external water flow, the more angular momentum is transferred to the internal water body through the tangential inlet 31. Therefore, the higher the relative velocity of the external water body, the faster the rotational angular velocity of the internal vortex formed within monitoring chamber 3. Simultaneously, due to centrifugal force, the rotating vortex generates an additional dynamic pressure at the bottom and sidewalls of the chamber. The magnitude of this dynamic pressure is directly proportional to the vortex's rotational speed; therefore, the higher the rotational angular velocity of the internal vortex... The faster the flow, the greater the dynamic pressure acting on the area of ​​the one-way valve 43 at the bottom of the monitoring chamber. The dynamic pressure at the bottom of the monitoring chamber 3 is the driving force that propels the water flow through the one-way valve 43 into the energy storage chamber. After reaching a dynamic equilibrium, the pressure that eventually stabilizes in the energy storage chamber will form a definite correspondence with the dynamic pressure at the bottom of the monitoring chamber that drives it. The greater the dynamic pressure at the bottom of the monitoring chamber 3, the more water can be forced into the energy storage chamber, the more the elastic diaphragm 42 is stretched, and the greater the rebound force (i.e., the pressure inside the chamber) it generates. Therefore, the energy storage chamber pressure that we finally measure is a monotonically increasing function of the external water flow velocity. We can pre-calibrate in a circulating water tank in the laboratory, placing the equipment at different flow velocities and recording the corresponding stable pressure values ​​to draw a calibration curve of pressure and flow velocity. In practical applications, we only need to substitute the real-time pressure value measured by the pressure sensor 5 into this calibration curve pre-set in the controller to deduce the external water flow velocity at the current depth.

[0032] Overall, during a single lifting and lowering process, the equipment can obtain not only a curve of water quality parameters (such as changes in turbidity, pH, and dissolved oxygen with depth) but also a curve of flow velocity, which greatly increases the practicality of the device.

[0033] In this embodiment, the inner wall of the monitoring chamber 3 is also provided with multiple radially expandable and deformable flow guide blocks 6. In this embodiment, four flow guide blocks 6 are provided, each elongated in shape. All four flow guide blocks 6 are made of shape memory alloy and are evenly spaced around the axis of the monitoring chamber 3. All four flow guide blocks 6 are embedded in the inner wall of the monitoring chamber. It should be noted that in this embodiment, only one end of each flow guide block 6 is fixed to the wall of the monitoring chamber 3; the other end is movably embedded in the inner wall of the monitoring chamber 3. Similarly, the flow in this embodiment is also connected to the control box via wires. The power supply within 12 is electrically connected. When the power supply does not energize the flow guide block 6, the four flow guide blocks 6 are in a retracted state. They are completely retracted into the grooves preset on the inner wall of the monitoring chamber 3, and their outer surface is completely flush with the inner wall of the chamber, forming a smooth and seamless cylindrical inner surface. At this time, it is like part of the chamber wall itself, and does not produce any perceptible disturbance to the stable rotating vortex inside the chamber. When the power supply energizes the flow guide block 6, the four flow guide blocks 6 will bend towards the axis of the monitoring chamber 3. Therefore, the end of the flow guide block 6 that is not fixedly installed on the inner wall of the monitoring chamber 3 will protrude from the groove on the wall of the monitoring chamber 3.

[0034] As is well known, even under eddy current conditions, the surface of a sensor probe will have a layer of oil film with extremely low flow velocity and different physicochemical properties from the main water sample. The intense and irregular turbulent pulsations generated by the guide block 6 have extremely high shear force, which can tear and wash away this oil film layer. This is equivalent to performing a deep microscopic cleaning and surface refresh of the sensor before each accurate measurement. The sensor is always in contact with the most authentic water sample interface for detection, which greatly improves the accuracy of a single measurement and the reliability of the data. Furthermore, by comparing the difference in readings before and after the disturbance, it is possible to accurately determine whether the oil film on the sensor probe is clear and clean.

[0035] The working principle of the water conservancy automation information acquisition device in this embodiment is as follows: When the lifting mechanism 2 submerges the monitoring chamber 3 in the water, the water flows through the Helmholtz inlet pipe 33 with filtering function and is injected along the tangential direction of the inner wall of the chamber. The angular momentum it carries continuously accumulates, thus spontaneously organizing into a stable rotating macroscopic internal vortex. This internal vortex not only acts like a never-ending agitator, overcoming the gravitational settling of suspended matter through its shear force and lifting force to ensure the uniformity of the water sample, but also forms a stable flow field circulating from the high-pressure area on the outside to the low-pressure area at the top center through the centripetal guidance of its conical top cover. This creates an ideal measurement environment for the sensor with no turbulent bubbles and small flow velocity fluctuations. At the same time, the centrifugal effect of the vortex forms a high dynamic pressure area at the bottom of the chamber, which drives part of the water flow through the one-way valve 43 into the energy storage chamber 41 at the bottom, converting the kinetic energy of the water flow into the elastic potential energy of the elastic diaphragm 42 for storage. Upon completion of the measurement and the moment the device is lifted out of the water, the shape memory alloy wire 48 is energized, causing it to contract and move the block 46 upward. The drain port 44 opens, and the elastic diaphragm 42 immediately contracts, rapidly squeezing the energy storage chamber 41 out of the drain port 44. This creates a powerful pulse jet, which, using the resulting negative pressure, thoroughly sucks up and discharges any remaining wastewater and impurities from the chamber. Throughout the process, the device not only safely and accurately completes in-situ measurements of the original uniform water sample but also automatically achieves self-cleaning and wastewater discharge, thus greatly improving data accuracy and the long-term reliability of the equipment.

[0036] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A water conservancy automation information acquisition device, characterized in that, include: A column (1) is provided with a lifting mechanism (2); The monitoring chamber (3) is installed on the lifting mechanism (2), and the monitoring chamber (3) is equipped with a detection component (34) for detecting water quality. The side wall of the monitoring chamber (3) is provided with a tangential inlet (31) for introducing external water. The top of the monitoring chamber (3) is provided with an outlet (32) for discharging the water in the monitoring chamber (3). The water flow introduced through the tangential inlet (31) can form an internal vortex rotating around the central axis in the monitoring chamber (3) to agitate the water sample and prevent suspended matter from settling.

2. The water conservancy automation information acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tangential inlet (31) is provided with a Helmholtz inlet pipe (33) extending tangentially to the side wall of the tank.

3. The water conservancy automation information acquisition device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the monitoring chamber (3) is a vortex stabilizing top cover, and the inner surface of the vortex stabilizing top cover is conical, narrowing towards the central outlet (32).

4. The water conservancy automation information acquisition device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an energy storage and sewage discharge component (4) installed at the bottom of the monitoring chamber (3), which is used to remove residual stains in the monitoring chamber (3).

5. A water conservancy automation information acquisition device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage and sewage discharge assembly (4) includes: An energy storage chamber (41) is set at the bottom of the monitoring chamber (3), and the bottom of the energy storage chamber (41) is an elastic diaphragm (42). A one-way valve (43) connects the monitoring chamber (3) and the energy storage chamber (41), the one-way valve (43) being used to allow water to flow from the monitoring chamber (3) into the energy storage chamber (41); A drain outlet (44) is provided on the energy storage chamber and communicates with the outside. The flow cross-sectional area of ​​the drain outlet (44) is smaller than the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the one-way valve (43). The dynamic pressure generated by the internal vortex in the monitoring chamber (3) can drive water flow through the one-way valve (43) into the energy storage chamber (41), and cause the elastic diaphragm (42) to undergo elastic deformation to store elastic potential energy.

6. A water conservancy automation information acquisition device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a pressure sensor (5) for monitoring the pressure inside the energy storage chamber (41).

7. A water conservancy automation information acquisition device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The monitoring chamber (3) is also provided with a plurality of radially expandable and deformable guide blocks (6) on the inner wall of the chamber. The plurality of guide blocks (6) are evenly spaced around the axis of the monitoring chamber (3). The guide blocks (6) are configured to disturb the vortex inside the monitoring chamber (3) when they are extended.

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