External protection and compression assist device for vascular access of dialysis patient

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical assistors, and discloses an external protection and compression assistor for a vascular access of a dialysis patient, the external protection and compression assistor comprises an outer protection shell, a structural groove is formed in the outer protection shell, and a gradient pressure reduction mechanism is arranged in the structural groove. According to the external protection and compression assist device for the vascular access of the dialysis patient, a pressing block is pressed to drive a rack to press downwards, kinetic energy is transmitted to a large gear and an escape wheel through a first gear, a rotating shaft and a small gear, and meanwhile energy storage is completed through a vortex curling strip; after the touch type clamping block is unlocked, the vortex curling hair strip releases energy, the continuous rotating motion is converted into intermittent stepping rotation through periodic meshing of the escapement fork and the escapement wheel, the first rack drives the pressing plate to return upwards extremely slowly in a sectional mode, it can be guaranteed that the pressure is gradually decreased in a stepped mode along with time, and therefore the effect that the pressure is gradually decreased is achieved. The operation habit of slow hand loosening during manual compression is simulated, effective hemostasis of a puncture point is ensured through initial high pressure, and the internal fistula tremor feeling is maintained through subsequent gradient pressure reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medical assistive device technology, specifically to an external protective and compression assistive device for vascular access in dialysis patients. Background Technology

[0002] Vascular access is a necessary condition for hemodialysis treatment and is often referred to as the patient's lifeline. It is mainly established through surgery by anastomosing the patient's own arteries and superficial veins (i.e., autogenous arteriovenous fistula) or implanting artificial blood vessels (i.e., artificial blood vessel graft fistula) to form a vascular circuit with sufficient blood flow and easy repeated puncture. In order to protect the vascular access, external protection and compression assist device is a special nursing device.

[0003] In existing technologies, after dialysis treatment, nurses use manual or mechanical compression devices to precisely compress the puncture site to stop bleeding. The compression force is required to stop the bleeding while maintaining the vibration sensation of the arteriovenous fistula. Once the bleeding is completely stopped, the compression device can be removed from the patient.

[0004] However, when applying pressure to stop bleeding, the overall pressure must remain constant. It is not possible to gradually change the pressure over time. Continuous constant pressure can easily cause swelling, numbness, and pain in the distal extremities. Furthermore, if the initial pressure is set too high, prolonged pressure can completely block blood flow to the arteriovenous fistula, causing the vascular thrill to disappear and increasing the risk of thrombosis. If the pressure is set too low, it will not be able to stop bleeding effectively and may easily cause subcutaneous hematoma or delayed bleeding, reducing the convenience and safety of the procedure in practice. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients, which has the advantage of being able to perform gradient-change operations during compression hemostasis, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: an external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients, comprising an outer shell, wherein a structural groove is provided inside the outer shell, and a gradient decompression mechanism is provided inside the structural groove; The gradient pressure reduction mechanism is provided with a power conversion mechanism at the power input end to convert the downward pressure into meshing rotational force, and an escapement rotation mechanism at the power output end to convert the meshing rotational force into rhythmically decreasing rotational force. The gradient pressure reduction mechanism consists of a power conversion mechanism and an escapement rotation mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the power conversion mechanism includes a rack, a limiting block, a rotating shaft, and a gear. The outer surface of the rack is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer shell. The bottom of the limiting block is fixedly installed to the lower surface inside the structural groove. The outer surface of the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting block. The inside of the gear is fixedly installed to the outer surface of the rotating shaft. A pressing block is fixedly installed at the top of the rack.

[0008] Preferably, the escapement rotation mechanism includes a second limiting block, a first connecting shaft, a second connecting shaft, a fixed ring, an escape fork, and an escape wheel. The lower surface of the second limiting block is fixedly installed with the lower surface of the right side of the structural groove. The outer surface of the first connecting shaft is rotatably installed with the inner wall of the lower side of the second limiting block. The outer surface of the second connecting shaft is rotatably installed with the inner wall of the upper side of the second limiting block. The interior of the fixed ring is fixedly installed with one end of the second connecting shaft. The upper side of the escape fork is fixedly installed with the outer surface of the fixed ring. The outer surface of the escape wheel is in contact with the lower side of the escape fork, and the interior of the escape wheel is fixedly installed with the outer surface of the first connecting shaft.

[0009] Preferably, the front surface of the rack engages with the outer surface of the gear, and a pressure plate is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rack.

[0010] Preferably, a spiral spring is mounted on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft, and a spring box is mounted on the outer surface of the spiral spring. The lower surface of the spring box is fixedly mounted to the lower surface of the left side inside the structural groove.

[0011] Preferably, a large gear is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the connecting shaft, and a small gear meshes with the outer surface of the large gear.

[0012] Preferably, the interior of the pinion is fixedly mounted to the exterior of the rotating shaft.

[0013] Preferably, an extension block is fixedly installed on the back of the rack, and a touch-type latch is correspondingly installed on the lower surface of the extension block, and the lower surface of the touch-type latch is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the outer shell.

[0014] Preferably, an elastic pad is fixedly installed inside the outer shell, and the elastic pad has a through groove 2 inside, which can be used for the pressure plate to pass through. A limit hole is also provided inside the elastic pad.

[0015] Preferably, an inspection plate is installed inside the outer casing, and a through groove is provided inside the outer casing, which can be used for the pressure plate to pass through.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients works by pressing the compression block, which drives the rack to compress. The kinetic energy is then transferred to the large gear and escape wheel via gear one, the rotating shaft, and the pinion, while the spiral spring stores energy. When the touch-sensitive locking block is released, the spiral spring releases energy, and the periodic engagement of the escape fork and escape wheel transforms the continuous rotational motion into intermittent stepping rotation. This causes the rack one to drive the compression plate to retract upwards very slowly and in segments, ensuring that the pressure decreases stepwise over time. This simulates the slow release technique used in manual compression, ensuring effective hemostasis at the puncture site through initial high pressure and maintaining the fistula thrill sensation through subsequent gradient decompression. This avoids problems such as distal limb swelling, numbness, and pain caused by constant pressure.

[0017] 2. This external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients precisely controls the amount of retraction of the compression plate with the pitch of the escape wheel and the oscillation frequency of the escape fork, avoiding the risk of subcutaneous hematoma or delayed bleeding caused by sudden pressure drops or improper pressure settings in traditional compression devices. Simultaneously, the energy storage characteristics of the spiral spring allow medical staff to precisely set the pressure during initial compression, while subsequent gradient release is entirely automated by the mechanical structure. Patients do not need to keep their arms stiff throughout the compression process and can even perform slight movements. The temporary locking design of the extension block and the touch-sensitive locking block ensures that the compression plate will not unexpectedly rebound after positioning, further reducing the risk of arteriovenous fistula obstruction due to compression position deviation. This solves the clinical problems of insufficient operational complexity and safety in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the side view structure; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 Internal cross-sectional structural diagram; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 An enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Outer casing; 2. Elastic pad; 3. Through slot one; 4. Through slot two; 5. Inspection plate; 6. Rack one; 7. Pressing block; 8. Structural groove; 9. Limiting through hole; 10. Extension block; 11. Touch-type locking block; 12. Limiting block one; 13. Rotating shaft; 14. Gear one; 15. Pressure plate; 16. Mainspring barrel; 17. Scroll mainspring; 18. Pinion; 19. Gear; 20. Limiting block two; 21. Connecting shaft one; 22. Connecting shaft two; 23. Retaining ring; 24. Escape fork; 25. Escape wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients includes an outer shell (1), a structural groove (8) is provided inside the outer shell (1), and a gradient decompression mechanism is provided inside the structural groove (8). The gradient pressure reduction mechanism is equipped with a power conversion mechanism at the power input end that converts the downward pressure into meshing rotational force, and an escapement rotation mechanism at the power output end of the power conversion mechanism that converts the meshing rotational force into rhythmically decreasing rotational force. The gradient pressure reduction mechanism consists of a power conversion mechanism and an escapement rotation mechanism. The power conversion mechanism includes a rack (6), a limit block (12), a rotating shaft (13), and a gear (14). The outer surface of the rack (6) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer casing (1). The bottom of the limit block (12) is fixedly installed to the lower surface inside the structural groove (8). The outer surface of the rotating shaft (13) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limit block (12). The inside of the gear (14) is fixedly installed to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (13). A pressing block (7) is fixedly installed at the top of the rack (6). The front of the rack (6) meshes with the outer surface of the gear (14). A pressure plate (15) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rack (6). A spiral spring (17) is installed on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft (13). A spring box (16) is installed on the outer surface of the spiral spring (17). The lower surface of the spring box (16) is fixedly installed with the lower surface of the left side of the structure groove (8). A large gear (19) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting shaft (21). A small gear (18) meshes with the outer surface of the large gear (19). The interior of the small gear (18) is fixedly installed with the exterior of the rotating shaft (13).

[0022] Specifically, in the power conversion mechanism, the meshing design of rack 1 (6) and gear 1 (14) can stably and efficiently convert the downward pressure on the pressing block (7) into the rotational force of gear 1 (14), thereby driving the subsequent escapement rotation mechanism to work. The structure is simple and reliable, reduces energy loss, and ensures the stability and continuity of the entire device's operation. The spiral spring (17) and spring box (16) mounted on the rotating shaft (13) together form an energy storage device. When an external force causes the rotating shaft (13) to rotate through the power conversion mechanism, the spiral spring (17) is wound up to store energy. Under the action of the escapement rotation mechanism, the spiral spring (17) gradually releases energy, providing continuous power support for the gradient decompression process. No additional external force needs to be applied continuously, which is convenient for medical staff to operate and use. The meshing design of the large gear (19) and the small gear (18) forms a gear transmission ratio structure, which can better perform pressure change operation.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The escapement mechanism includes a second limiting block (20), a first connecting shaft (21), a second connecting shaft (22), a fixed ring (23), an escape fork (24), and an escape wheel (25). The lower surface of the second limiting block (20) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the right side of the structure groove (8). The outer surface of the first connecting shaft (21) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the lower side of the second limiting block (20). The outer surface of the second connecting shaft (22) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the upper side of the second limiting block (20). The interior of the fixed ring (23) is fixedly installed on one end of the second connecting shaft (22). The upper side of the escape fork (24) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fixed ring (23). The outer surface of the escape wheel (25) is in contact with the lower side of the escape fork (24), and the interior of the escape wheel (25) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the first connecting shaft (21).

[0024] Specifically, the escapement rotation mechanism, through the coordinated operation of limit block two (20), connecting shaft one (21), connecting shaft two (22), fixed ring (23), escape fork (24), and escape wheel (25), can convert the meshing rotational force transmitted by the power conversion mechanism into a rhythmically decreasing rotational force. This allows the pressure to gradually decrease according to a specific rhythm, avoiding damage to blood vessels due to sudden pressure changes. It simulates a compression process that is closer to the natural physiological state of the human body, improving the safety and effectiveness of the treatment. The escape wheel (25) is intermittently blocked and released by the escape fork (24) during rotation. This intermittent action mechanism can precisely control the rotation rhythm of the escape wheel (25), thereby achieving precise control of the decreasing pressure rhythm of the entire gradient decompression mechanism. Medical staff can adjust the parameters of the escape rotation mechanism according to the patient's specific condition and treatment needs to achieve the best treatment effect. The second limit block (20) provides stable support and fixation for the first connecting shaft (21) and the second connecting shaft (22), ensuring the stability of the entire escape rotation mechanism during operation. The first connecting shaft (21) and the second connecting shaft (22) are connected to the second limit block (20) by rotational installation, so that the escape wheel (25) and the escape fork (24) can rotate flexibly without shaking or shifting. The fixing ring (23) firmly fixes the escape fork (24) on the second connecting shaft (22), further enhancing the stability of the structure and ensuring that the escape rotation mechanism can work stably for a long time.

[0025] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4An extension block (10) is fixedly installed on the back of the rack (6). A touch-type latch (11) is installed on the lower surface of the extension block (10). The lower surface of the touch-type latch (11) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the outer shell (1). An elastic pad (2) is fixedly installed inside the outer shell (1). A through groove (4) is opened inside the elastic pad (2). The through groove (4) can be used for the pressure plate (15) to pass through. A limit hole (9) is opened inside the elastic pad (2). A maintenance plate (5) is installed inside the outer shell (1). A through groove (3) is opened inside the outer shell (1). The through groove (3) can be used for the pressure plate (15) to pass through.

[0026] Specifically, the extension block (10) and the corresponding touch-sensitive latch (11) fixedly mounted on the back of rack 1 (6) provide noticeable tactile feedback when the extension block (10) touches the touch-sensitive latch (11) as rack 1 (6) moves down with the pressing block (7). This feedback helps the user accurately perceive the degree of pressure and avoids excessive pressure. At the same time, the blocking effect of the touch-sensitive latch (11) on the extension block (10) also limits the movement range of rack 1 (6), enhancing the structural stability of the entire power conversion mechanism and preventing damage to components due to excessive pressure. The elastic pad (2) fixedly installed inside the outer shell (1) provides soft buffer protection for the vascular access area of ​​the dialysis patient. When the compression plate (15) compresses the vascular access, the elastic pad (2) can disperse some of the pressure, avoid excessive local pressure from damaging the patient's skin and blood vessels, and improve the patient's comfort during treatment. The through groove 2 (4) inside the elastic pad (2) and the through groove 1 (3) inside the outer shell (1) provide precise channels for the movement of the compression plate (15), ensuring that the compression plate (15) can move vertically up and down according to the predetermined trajectory, accurately compressing and releasing the vascular access, ensuring the precision of the gradient decompression mechanism in controlling the pressure force, and improving the treatment effect.

[0027] Working principle: When in use, the patient inserts their arm through the elastic pad (2) inside the outer shell (1) so that the puncture point is aligned with the position of the through slot (4). In the initial state, the medical staff manually presses down the pressing block (7), driving the rack (6) to descend vertically under the guidance of the limiting block (12). The front of the rack (6) meshes with the gear (14), converting the downward linear motion into the rotational motion of the gear (14). The gear (14) drives the coaxially mounted small gear (18) to rotate synchronously through the rotating shaft (13). At this time, the large gear (19) meshing with the small gear (18) is driven to rotate. The large gear (19) drives the escape wheel (25) to rotate through the connecting shaft (21). At the same time, the rotation of the rotating shaft (13) will continuously tighten the spiral spring (17), converting the downward mechanical energy into the elastic potential energy of the spiral spring (17) for storage. When the compression plate (15) passes through the through slot one (3) and presses tightly onto the gauze at the puncture point to reach the set pressure, the touch-type locking block (11) on the lower surface of the extension block (10) will lock into the limiting through hole (9) to temporarily lock the current position. When the hemostasis process begins, the patient or nurse moves the touch-type locking block (11) to unlock it, and the elastic potential energy stored in the spiral spring (17) begins to be released, driving the rotating shaft (13) to rotate in the opposite direction, which in turn drives the escape wheel (25) on the connecting shaft one (21) to rotate through the small gear (18) and the large gear (19). At this time, the escape rotation mechanism begins to work: the rotation of the escape wheel (25) is periodically blocked by the escape fork (24), which is mounted on the connecting shaft two (22) through the fixing ring (23) and swings back and forth, cutting the continuous rotation of the escape wheel (25) into intermittent, rhythmic step rotation. This intermittent power is transmitted in reverse through the gear system, causing rack 1 (6) to retract upwards very slowly and in segments under the control of the escapement mechanism, which drives the pressure plate (15) to gradually reduce the pressure on the puncture point. As the energy of the spiral spring (17) is slowly released, the pressure of the pressure plate (15) decreases stepwise until it is completely reset, thereby achieving a gradient decompression effect that simulates artificial compression.

[0028] When using this device, ensure that the compression plate (15) is directly above the puncture point and that sterile dry gauze is placed underneath it to prevent the compression plate (15) from directly contacting the puncture site, which could lead to infection or adhesion. When initially pressing down on the compression block (7), the pressure should not be too high, just enough to feel the fistula's vibration and stop bleeding from the puncture point. Avoid excessive initial pressure causing the spiral spring (17) to over-store energy, which could affect the accuracy of the subsequent gradient decompression curve. When the touch-sensitive locking block (11) is locked, it is strictly forbidden to forcibly push the extension block (10) or rotate the compression block (7) to avoid damaging the internal escape wheel (25) and escape fork (2). 4) Precision meshing tooth surface; Before each use, check whether the elastic pad (2) is damaged or hardened due to aging. If cracks are found, replace it immediately to prevent local pressure concentration from damaging the fistula blood vessels during wear; The equipment should be stored in a dry and clean environment to avoid high temperature or humidity causing the spiral spring (17) to rust or the spring box (16) to deform; Regularly open the inspection plate (5) to perform professional lubrication and maintenance on the internal gear mechanism to ensure the precise swing rhythm of the escapement mechanism; If the escape fork (24) swings abnormally or the retraction speed of the pressure plate (15) changes significantly during use, stop using it immediately and send it for repair.

[0029] The elastic pad (2) is made of medical-grade silicone material, specifically Dow Corning SILASTICRTV-4420, which has good biocompatibility and pressure-relieving properties; the touch-type locking block (11) uses a micro electromagnet locking component, specifically Keyence GA-311, which limits and releases the extension block (10) through electromagnetic adsorption; the compression plate (15) uses high-strength polycarbonate transparent material, specifically Bayer Makrolon2458, which facilitates observation of bleeding at the puncture point below; the spiral spring (17) uses a precision stainless steel spring component, specifically Mitsubishi Heavy Industries MH-302S, to ensure the stability of elastic energy storage under long-term use. In use, the touch-sensitive locking block (11) is powered by a button battery embedded inside the outer shell (1). When the medical staff activates the release switch, the miniature electromagnet is de-energized and releases the extension block (10), thereby triggering subsequent mechanical linkage. The outer shell (1) should be made of medical-grade ABS or polycarbonate material to ensure sufficient structural strength to protect the internal precision escapement mechanism, while meeting the biocompatibility requirements of medical devices. The elastic pad (2) must be made of hypoallergenic medical silicone, and its hardness should be controlled between Shore A20 and 30 degrees to provide a comfortable wearing experience without causing skin pressure sores due to excessive pressure. The pressure plate (15) The transparent polymer material should be used to facilitate observation of bleeding at the puncture point below. The contact surface should be rounded and covered with a thin hydrophilic coating to prevent adhesion to the gauze. The spiral spring (17) must be made of rust-resistant stainless steel spring steel strip and passivated to ensure minimal elastic decay after long-term energy storage. The escape wheel (25) and escape fork (24) are precision control components and should be made of high-hardness wear-resistant material and precision machined at the micron level to ensure that they can maintain a stable oscillation rhythm after long-term use. The electromagnet component inside the touch-type latch (11) should be fully sealed to prevent liquid or dust intrusion in the dialysis environment from causing short circuit failure.

[0030] It should be noted that the scope of protection of this invention does not involve improvements to the internal structure and methods; furthermore, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0031] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An external protective and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients, characterized in that: It includes an outer shell (1), and a structural groove (8) is provided inside the outer shell (1). A gradient pressure reduction mechanism is provided inside the structural groove (8). The gradient pressure reduction mechanism is provided with a power conversion mechanism at the power input end to convert the downward pressure into meshing rotational force, and an escapement rotation mechanism at the power output end to convert the meshing rotational force into rhythmically decreasing rotational force. The gradient pressure reduction mechanism consists of a power conversion mechanism and an escapement rotation mechanism.

2. The external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power conversion mechanism includes a rack (6), a limiting block (12), a rotating shaft (13), and a gear (14). The outer surface of the rack (6) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the outer shell (1). The bottom of the limiting block (12) is fixedly installed to the lower surface inside the structural groove (8). The outer surface of the rotating shaft (13) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the limiting block (12). The inside of the gear (14) is fixedly installed to the outer surface of the rotating shaft (13). A pressing block (7) is fixedly installed at the top of the rack (6).

3. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The escapement mechanism includes a second limiting block (20), a first connecting shaft (21), a second connecting shaft (22), a fixed ring (23), an escape fork (24), and an escape wheel (25). The lower surface of the second limiting block (20) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the right side of the structure groove (8). The outer surface of the first connecting shaft (21) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the lower side of the second limiting block (20). The outer surface of the second connecting shaft (22) is rotatably installed on the inner wall of the upper side of the second limiting block (20). The interior of the fixed ring (23) is fixedly installed on one end of the second connecting shaft (22). The upper side of the escape fork (24) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fixed ring (23). The outer surface of the escape wheel (25) is in contact with the lower side of the escape fork (24), and the interior of the escape wheel (25) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the first connecting shaft (21).

4. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front of the rack (6) meshes with the outer surface of the gear (14), and a pressure plate (15) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rack (6).

5. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 2, characterized in that: A spiral spring (17) is installed on the outer surface of one end of the rotating shaft (13), and a spring box (16) is installed on the outer surface of the spiral spring (17). The lower surface of the spring box (16) is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the left side inside the structural groove (8).

6. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 3, characterized in that: A large gear (19) is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the connecting shaft (21), and a small gear (18) meshes with the outer surface of the large gear (19).

7. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 6, characterized in that: The interior of the pinion (18) is fixedly mounted to the exterior of the rotating shaft (13).

8. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 2, characterized in that: An extension block (10) is fixedly installed on the back of the rack (6), and a touch-type card block (11) is correspondingly installed on the lower surface of the extension block (10), and the lower surface of the touch-type card block (11) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the outer shell (1).

9. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: An elastic pad (2) is fixedly installed inside the outer shell (1). A through groove (4) is provided inside the elastic pad (2), and the through groove (4) can be used for the pressure plate (15) to pass through. A limit hole (9) is provided inside the elastic pad (2).

10. An external protection and compression aid for vascular access in dialysis patients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer shell (1) is equipped with an inspection plate (5), and the outer shell (1) has a through groove (3) which can be used for the pressure plate (15) to pass through.

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