Screw tap laser precision machining equipment based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage

Abstract

The invention discloses screw tap laser precision machining equipment based on visual measurement and multi-axis linkage, which comprises a base, a stand column is arranged on one side of the top end of the base, and the position and boundary dimension data of a machined screw tap blank can be provided for the equipment through a probe, an observation camera and a measurement camera, so that the screw tap blank can be precisely positioned; through the combined action of the X-axis linear driving mechanism, the Y-axis linear driving mechanism, the Z-axis linear driving mechanism, the longitudinal rotating motor and the transverse rotating motor, the screw tap blank can reach the position and angle required by machining, and complex movement during machining of the screw tap blank can be controlled. Instantaneous high-frequency impact calendaring is conducted on the groove wall which is still in a semi-molten state after laser material reduction machining through the calendaring device, the roughness of the surface of the groove wall is reduced in a forging and pressing mode every time laser machining operation is conducted, and the attachment foundation of microscopic melt can be eliminated; therefore, the problem of slag adhesion caused by melt adhesion and accumulation can be avoided to the greatest extent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tapping technology, and in particular to a laser precision tapping machine based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage. Background Technology

[0002] As a key tool for internal thread machining, the manufacturing precision of taps directly affects the quality of the threaded hole. Traditional tap manufacturing mostly uses grinding processes, which have bottlenecks such as low processing efficiency, difficulty in machining complex grooves, and rapid tool wear. Laser processing technology, especially ultra-short pulse lasers, has opened up a new path for the precision, efficiency, and flexibility of tap manufacturing due to its "cold working" characteristics, high energy density, and non-contact force processing advantages. It can accurately process various complex chip grooves, geometric cutting edges, and even surface microtextures in one go, significantly improving the cutting performance and life of taps.

[0003] However, applying laser technology to the finishing of high-precision, high-surface-quality tools such as taps still faces two core challenges: precise positioning and complex motion control. The complex groove shape of taps requires precise trajectory scanning of the laser focus in three-dimensional space. This not only demands a stable laser optical path system but also requires high-precision multi-axis linkage positioning of the workpiece (taper blank) to accurately position the area to be machined under the laser focus. While existing multi-axis CNC machine tools can achieve motion, they typically lack dedicated clamping, rotation, and vision guidance solutions for small cylindrical workpieces (such as taps), making it difficult to meet the micron-level positioning requirements of laser precision machining. The inherent surface quality problem of laser processing (slag buildup): After the laser instantly melts / vaporizes the material, some of the molten material (especially metallic materials) may slag. Under the influence of surface tension, metal residues adhere to the sidewalls or edges of the machining channel, forming a "slag" after cooling. The presence of slag significantly increases the surface roughness of the tap, leading to problems such as increased friction coefficient, poor chip removal, and even chipping during subsequent use. Currently, the industry mainly relies on secondary processes such as sandblasting, electrolysis, or manual polishing to remove slag. This not only increases the production process, cost, and time, but may also damage the already machined precision cutting edge. Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a comprehensive laser processing equipment that integrates high-precision visual positioning, multi-axis linkage control, and online surface quality optimization functions, capable of completing the entire process from precision machining to surface finishing in a single setup, truly realizing the potential of laser processing technology in the field of high-end tool manufacturing. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention overcomes the defects of the existing technology and can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage includes a base, a column on one side of the top of the base, a Z-axis linear drive mechanism on the other side of the top of the base, an X-axis linear drive mechanism on top of the Z-axis linear drive mechanism, a Y-axis linear drive mechanism on one side of the outer end of the column, a laser processing module on one side of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism, a longitudinal rotary motor on top of the X-axis linear drive mechanism, a transverse rotary motor on top of the longitudinal rotary motor, a clamp connected to the end of the spindle of the transverse rotary motor, a calendering device on the outer side of the transverse rotary motor, an auxiliary support device on top of the calendering device, and a control panel installed on the left side of the base.

[0007] As a further improvement of the present invention, the laser processing module on one side of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism includes a housing connected to the slide of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism. A probe is connected to the bottom of one side of the housing, and a field lens is provided at the top of the probe. An observation camera and a measuring camera are arranged in a front-to-back configuration at the top of the field lens, and both the observation camera and the measuring camera are connected to the outside of the housing. A laser generator is connected to the right side of the field lens and is disposed inside the housing.

[0008] As a further improvement of the present invention, the Z-axis linear drive mechanism includes a Z-axis slide table slidably connected to the top of the base along the Z-axis direction and a Z-axis linear motor module disposed on the top of the base and drivenly connected to the Z-axis slide table. The X-axis linear drive mechanism includes an X-axis slide table slidably connected to the top of the Z-axis slide table along the X-axis direction and an X-axis linear motor module disposed on the top of the Z-axis slide table and drivenly connected to the X-axis slide table. The longitudinal rotary motor is disposed on the X-axis slide table, and the transverse rotary motor is mounted on the longitudinal rotary motor. The housing of the transverse rotary motor is connected to the rotating component of the longitudinal rotary motor through an adapter plate. The Y-axis linear drive mechanism includes a Y-axis slide table slidably connected to the column along the Y-axis direction and a Y-axis linear module disposed on the column and drivenly connected to the Y-axis slide table. The other devices of the laser processing module are all mounted on the Y-axis slide table.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, a counterweight cylinder is provided at the top of the column to provide counterweight for the laser processing module.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the calendering device includes a large sprocket. The large sprocket is fixedly connected to the outer side of the main shaft of the transverse rotary motor. A chain is meshed with the outer side of the large sprocket. A small sprocket is meshed with the inner front end of the chain. A crankshaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the small sprocket. The crankshaft is rotatably connected to the outer side of the transverse rotary motor housing. An inner rod is rotatably connected to the outer side of the crankshaft. A sleeve rod is limited and slidably connected to the outer side of the inner rod. A track is fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve rod. A slider is limited and slidably connected to the top end of the inner side of the track. A fixed shaft passing through the slider is rotatably connected to the top end of the inner side of the slider. A turntable is fixedly connected to the top end of the outer side of the fixed shaft. A fixed block is limited and contacted to the top end of the inner side of the turntable. A calendering block is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixed block. There are multiple calendering blocks, and the number of calendering blocks is the same as the number of laser forming processes of the tap blank. The shape of a single calendering block corresponds to the shape of the chip groove after the corresponding processing stage. The shape and size of the calendering block can be selected according to the shape and size of the chip groove of the tap.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, a support rod is rotatably connected to the outside of the sleeve rod via a rotating shaft, a fixed rod is limited and slidably connected to the outside of the support rod, and the fixed rod is fixedly connected to the adapter plate on the outside of the transverse rotating motor housing, and an electric push rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support rod, and the bottom of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the fixed rod.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present invention, a first motor is fixedly connected to the front end of the track, and a transverse threaded shaft that passes through the slider is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the first motor. The transverse threaded shaft is helically connected to the slider, and the transverse threaded shaft is rotatably connected to the track. The rotational speed of the first motor can be adjusted according to the processing speed of the tap blank.

[0013] As a further improvement of the present invention, the turntable is spirally connected to the outside of the turntable with a bolt that penetrates the turntable, and the bolt is spirally connected to the fixing block.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, a second motor is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the slider, and a worm gear that is rotatably connected to the end of the main shaft of the second motor is fixedly connected to the end of the worm gear. A worm wheel that is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft is meshed on the outer side of the worm gear. The angle of the turntable rotating once is 360° / the number of laser forming processes of the tap blank.

[0015] As a further improvement of the present invention, the auxiliary support device includes a fixed frame. The top of the calendering device is provided with a fixed frame, and the fixed frame passes through the adapter plate on the outside of the transverse rotary motor housing. The fixed frame is in sliding contact with the adapter plate on the outside of the transverse rotary motor housing. A longitudinal threaded shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom inner side of the fixed frame, and the longitudinal threaded shaft passes through the adapter plate on the outside of the transverse rotary motor housing. The longitudinal threaded shaft is spirally connected to the adapter plate on the outside of the transverse rotary motor housing. A support block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixed frame, and the bottom of the support block is arc-shaped. The support block is made of smooth and wear-resistant high manganese steel.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] By using probes, observation cameras, and measuring cameras to provide the equipment with position and dimensional data of the tap blank to be processed, precise positioning of the tap blank can be achieved. Through the combined action of X-axis linear drive mechanism, Y-axis linear drive mechanism, Z-axis linear drive mechanism, longitudinal rotary motor, and transverse rotary motor, it can reach the required position and angle for processing, enabling control of the complex movement of the tap blank during processing. The calendering device performs instantaneous high-frequency impact calendering on the groove wall, which is still in a semi-molten state after laser sublimation. During each laser processing operation, the roughness of the groove wall surface is reduced by forging, which can eliminate the basis for the adhesion of micro-molten material, thereby minimizing the problem of slag buildup caused by the accumulation of molten material. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the burnishing device and auxiliary support device of the laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the slider of a laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the fixing rod of a tap laser precision machining equipment based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to the present invention.

[0023] In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Column; 3. Z-axis linear drive mechanism; 4. X-axis linear drive mechanism; 5. Y-axis linear drive mechanism; 6. Probe; 7. Field lens; 8. Observation camera; 9. Counterweight cylinder; 10. Measuring camera; 11. Fixture; 12. Lateral rotary motor; 13. Longitudinal rotary motor; 14. Calendering device; 1401. Large sprocket; 1402. Chain; 1403. Small sprocket; 1404. Crankshaft; 1405. Inner rod; 1406. Sleeve rod; 1407. Support rod ; 1408, Fixed rod; 1409, Electric push rod; 1410, Track; 1411, Slider; 1412, First motor; 1413, Transverse threaded shaft; 1414, Fixed shaft; 1415, Turntable; 1416, Fixed block; 1417, Polishing block; 1418, Bolt; 1419, Second motor; 1420, Worm gear; 1421, Worm wheel; 15, Auxiliary support device; 1501, Fixed frame; 1502, Longitudinal threaded shaft; 1503, Support block; 16, Control panel. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual pictures. They should not be construed as limiting the present invention. To better illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product size. All parts involving precision gear structures and rotating structures are provided with protective structures and sealing mechanisms, which will not be repeated in this application. It is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings for those skilled in the art. All other specific embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the specific embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] like Figure 1-4 As shown, a laser precision machining equipment for taps based on visual measurement and multi-axis linkage includes a base 1. A column 2 is provided on one side of the top of the base 1, and a Z-axis linear drive mechanism 3 is provided on the other side of the top of the base 1. An X-axis linear drive mechanism 4 is provided on the top of the Z-axis linear drive mechanism 3. A Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5 is provided on one side of the column 2. A laser processing module is provided on one side of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5. A longitudinal rotary motor 13 is provided on the top of the X-axis linear drive mechanism 4. A transverse rotary motor 12 is provided on the top of the longitudinal rotary motor 13. A clamp 11 is connected to the end of the spindle of the transverse rotary motor 12. A calendering device 14 is provided on the outside of the transverse rotary motor 12. An auxiliary support device 15 is provided on the top of the calendering device 14. A control panel 16 is installed on the left side of the base 1.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the laser processing module on one side of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5 includes a housing connected to the slide of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5. A probe 6 is connected to the bottom of one side of the housing, and a field lens 7 is provided at the top of the probe 6. An observation camera 8 and a measuring camera 10 are arranged front to back on the top of the field lens 7, and both the observation camera 8 and the measuring camera 10 are connected to the outside of the housing. A laser generator is connected to the right side of the field lens 7 and is located inside the housing. The observation camera 8 first performs rapid imaging and image recognition on the clamped tap blank to obtain its macroscopic two-dimensional position data, and then guides the motion system to move the workpiece. The workpiece is initially positioned in the processing area; then, the measuring camera 10 performs precision imaging of the workpiece, and obtains its precise external dimensions such as diameter and length through sub-pixel measurement, and compensates for the processing path in real time; next, the probe 6 contacts and calibrates multiple feature points on the surface of the workpiece, accurately calculates its three-dimensional spatial position and attitude angle, and establishes the final processing coordinate system. It can provide comprehensive and accurate spatial configuration and dimensional data for the laser processing system under visual measurement, so that when the laser beam of the laser generator passes through the field lens 7 to perform laser subtractive processing, adaptive precision processing of the tap blank can be achieved based on visual measurement.

[0028] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the Z-axis linear drive mechanism 3 includes a Z-axis slide table slidably connected to the top of the base 1 along the Z-axis direction and a Z-axis linear motor module disposed on the top of the base 1 and driven by the Z-axis slide table. The X-axis linear drive mechanism 4 includes an X-axis slide table slidably connected to the top of the Z-axis slide table along the X-axis direction and an X-axis linear motor module disposed on the top of the Z-axis slide table and driven by the X-axis slide table. The longitudinal rotary motor 13 is disposed on the X-axis slide table, and the transverse rotary motor 12 is mounted on the longitudinal rotary motor 13. The housing of the transverse rotary motor 12 is connected to the rotating component of the longitudinal rotary motor 13 through an adapter plate. The Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5 includes a component slidably connected to the column 2 along the Y-axis direction. The Y-axis slide table and the Y-axis linear module, which are mounted on the column 2 and driven by the Y-axis slide table, are all installed on the Y-axis slide table. The X-axis linear drive mechanism 4, the Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5, and the Z-axis linear drive mechanism 3 work together to complete the coarse positioning and precise translation of the workpiece in three-dimensional space. Then, the longitudinal rotary motor 13 drives the workpiece to rotate precisely around its own axis to align the circumferential machining position. The transverse rotary motor 12 is linked with the longitudinal rotary motor 13 through the adapter plate to drive the workpiece to make a yaw motion, and precisely adjust the spatial angle between the tool groove and the laser beam. This allows the tap blank to accurately reach the spatial position and angle required for laser processing under the coordinated operation of the multi-axis linkage system.

[0029] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 As shown, the top of the column 2 is provided with a counterweight cylinder 9 to provide counterweight for the laser processing module. By providing a counterweight cylinder 9 on the top of the column 2, the load on the laser processing module moving on the Y-axis can be reduced.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-3 As shown, the calendering device 14 includes a large sprocket 1401. The large sprocket 1401 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the main shaft of the transverse rotary motor 12. A chain 1402 is meshed with the outer side of the large sprocket 1401. A small sprocket 1403 is meshed with the inner front end of the chain 1402. A crankshaft 1404 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the small sprocket 1403, and the crankshaft 1404 is rotatably connected to the adapter plate on the outer side of the housing of the transverse rotary motor 12. An inner rod 1405 is rotatably connected to the outer side of the crankshaft 1404. A sleeve rod 1406 is slidably limited on the outer side of the inner rod 1405. A track 1410 is fixedly connected to the end of the tap. A slider 1411 is slidably limited at the top inner side of the track 1410. A fixed shaft 1414 is rotatably connected to the top inner side of the slider 1411, passing through the slider 1411. A turntable 1415 is fixedly connected to the top outer side of the fixed shaft 1414. A fixed block 1416 is limited to contact at the top inner side of the turntable 1415. A calendering block 1417 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed block 1416. There are multiple calendering blocks 1417, and the number of calendering blocks 1417 is the same as the number of laser forming processes of the tap blank. The shape and capacity of a single calendering block 1417 are... The chip groove corresponds to the shape after the machining stage, and the shape and size of the calender block 1417 can be selected according to the shape and size of the chip groove of the tap. Under the action of multi-axis coordination, the tap blank is controlled to move in three-dimensional space. In the process of further continuous laser subtractive machining of the tap blank, the transverse rotary motor 12 drives the large sprocket 1401 to mesh with the chain 1402. At this time, the small sprocket 1403 drives the crankshaft 1404 to rotate at high speed. During the rotation, the crankshaft 1404 will continuously push and pull the inner rod 1405. The inner rod 1405 will continuously interact with the sleeve rod 1406. The sliding motion simultaneously drives the sleeve rod 1406 to swing up and down repeatedly. This enables the polishing block 1417 on top of the fixed block 1416 to swing up and down at high frequency via the track 1410, slider 1411, and turntable 1415. When the polishing block 1417 swings to the top, it comes into contact with the inner wall of the chip groove at the bottom of the corresponding processing stage. The two fit together perfectly, thus achieving high-frequency forging of the semi-molten inner wall of the chip groove. This reduces the surface roughness of the groove wall, thereby eliminating the basis for the adhesion of micro-molten material and minimizing the slag problem caused by the accumulation of molten material.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, a support rod 1407 is rotatably connected to the outside of the sleeve rod 1406 via a rotating shaft. A fixed rod 1408 is slidably limited on the outside of the support rod 1407, and the fixed rod 1408 is fixedly connected to the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor 12. An electric push rod 1409 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support rod 1407, and the bottom of the electric push rod 1409 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 1408. By controlling the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 1409, the support rod 1407 can be further controlled to slide out of the fixed rod 1408 by a specified distance or slide into the fixed rod 1408, thereby controlling the calendering block 1417 of the calendering mechanism to move up or down by a specified distance. This allows control over the use and disengagement of the calendering device 14.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 2-3 As shown, a first motor 1412 is fixedly connected to the front end of the track 1410. A transverse threaded shaft 1413 penetrating the slider 1411 is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the first motor 1412, and the transverse threaded shaft 1413 is helically connected to the slider 1411. The transverse threaded shaft 1413 is rotatably connected to the track 1410. The rotational speed of the first motor 1412 can be adjusted according to the processing speed of the tap blank. When processing taps of a specified type and size, under the control of the control system, the first motor 1412 first drives the tap according to a preset program. The transverse threaded shaft 1413 is helically connected to the slider 1411, causing the slider 1411 to drive the calendering block 1417 on the top of the turntable 1415 to move to a designated position. When the rightmost calendering block 1417 moves to the initial processing position, during subsequent processing, as the first motor 1412 continues to rotate at a designated speed, the slider 1411, turntable 1415, and calendering block 1417 are further controlled to move along the tap blank at the same speed as the processing, which facilitates real-time adjustment of the position of the calendering block 1417 according to the changes in the processing position of the tap blank.

[0033] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the turntable 1415 is spirally connected to the outside of the turntable 1415 with a bolt 1418 that passes through the turntable 1415, and the bolt 1418 is spirally connected to the fixing block 1416. By rotating the bolt 1418, the spiral connection between the bolt and the fixing block 1416 is disengaged. When processing taps with different chip grooves, such as straight chip groove taps or arc-shaped chip groove taps, it is convenient to remove the fixing block 1416 to replace the polishing block 1417.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 3As shown, a second motor 1419 is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the slider 1411. A worm gear 1420, which is rotatably connected to the slider 1411, is fixedly connected to the end of the main shaft of the second motor 1419. A worm wheel 1421, which is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 1414, is meshed with the outer side of the worm gear 1420. The turntable 1415 rotates at an angle of 360° per laser forming process of the tap blank. By controlling the second motor 1419 to drive the worm gear 1420 to mesh with the worm wheel 1421 to rotate, the fixed shaft 1414 further drives the calendering block 1417 on the top of the turntable 1415 to rotate at a specified angle, which facilitates the real-time selection of the corresponding calendering block 1417 according to the processing stage of the tap chip groove.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-2 As shown, the auxiliary support device 15 includes a fixing frame 1501. The top of the calendering device 14 is provided with the fixing frame 1501, and the fixing frame 1501 passes through the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor 12. The fixing frame 1501 is in sliding contact with the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor 12. A longitudinal threaded shaft 1502 is rotatably connected to the bottom inner side of the fixing frame 1501, and the longitudinal threaded shaft 1502 passes through the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor 12. The longitudinal threaded shaft 1502 is spirally connected to the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor 12. The fixing frame 1501... A support block 1503 is fixedly connected to the bottom end, and the bottom of the support block 1503 is arc-shaped. The support block 1503 is made of smooth and wear-resistant high manganese steel. By manually rotating the longitudinal threaded shaft 1502 and the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor 12, the fixing frame 1501 is further controlled to drive the support block 1503 to contact the top of the tap blank. This can provide auxiliary support for the tap blank during the processing. In this way, when the tap blank is processed by the burnishing operation, the tap blank can be avoided to the greatest extent, thereby minimizing the impact on the laser subtractive processing operation.

[0036] The machining principle of tap blanks: The tap blank is clamped on the fixture 11, and then the auxiliary support device 15 is manually operated to provide auxiliary support for the tap blank from the top. Next, the device is started via the control panel 16. At this time, under the control of the control system, the observation camera 8 first quickly captures and recognizes the image of the clamped tap blank to obtain its macroscopic two-dimensional position data, and guides the motion system to initially position the workpiece in the machining area; then the measuring camera 10 performs precision imaging of the workpiece, obtaining its precise external dimensions such as diameter and length through sub-pixel measurement, and compensating for the machining path in real time; then… The probe 6 contacts and calibrates multiple feature points on the workpiece surface, accurately calculating its three-dimensional spatial position and orientation angle, establishing the final machining coordinate system. The X-axis linear drive mechanism 4, Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5, and Z-axis linear drive mechanism 3 work together to complete the coarse positioning and precise translation of the workpiece in three-dimensional space. The longitudinal rotary motor 13 drives the workpiece to precisely rotate around its own axis for circumferential machining alignment. The transverse rotary motor 12, linked with the longitudinal rotary motor 13 via an adapter plate, drives the workpiece to yaw motion, ultimately precisely adjusting the tap blank to the specified machining angle and position. The laser beam from the laser generator passes through the field lens 7 for laser subtractive processing. When the semi-molten portion of the tap blank after laser processing reaches the bottom, the calendering device 14 begins to continuously calender the semi-molten inner wall of the chip groove after processing the tap blank. In this application, the control panel 16 is the integrated operation and electrical control center of the equipment. It is equipped with a conventional multi-axis motion controller (such as a CNC system based on PLC or industrial PC), a laser control unit, and I / O modules. The function of this panel is to provide a human-machine interface for the operator and to execute preset processing commands. The control principle and method of the process are based on existing mature technologies: by receiving feedback signals from various sensors (such as encoders and cameras), and according to a preset logic program, the X-axis linear drive mechanism 4, Y-axis linear drive mechanism 5, Z-axis linear drive mechanism 3, longitudinal rotary motor 13, transverse rotary motor 12, laser generator, and light pressing device 14 are coordinated and driven to operate in sequence, thereby realizing the coordinated work of each functional module. The specific circuit connection, signal processing, and program execution methods are content that can be conventionally implemented by those skilled in the art based on existing technologies.

[0037] The above are preferred embodiments of the present invention. The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. All such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: A column (2) is provided on one side of the top of the base (1), a Z-axis linear drive mechanism (3) is provided on the other side of the top of the base (1), an X-axis linear drive mechanism (4) is provided on the top of the Z-axis linear drive mechanism (3), a Y-axis linear drive mechanism (5) is provided on one side of the column (2), a laser processing module is provided on one side of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism (5), a longitudinal rotary motor (13) is provided on the top of the X-axis linear drive mechanism (4), a transverse rotary motor (12) is provided on the top of the longitudinal rotary motor (13), a clamp (11) is connected to the end of the spindle of the transverse rotary motor (12), a calendering device (14) is provided on the outside of the transverse rotary motor (12), an auxiliary support device (15) is provided on the top of the calendering device (14), and a control panel (16) is installed on the left side of the base (1).

2. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser processing module on one side of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism (5) includes a housing connected to the slide of the Y-axis linear drive mechanism (5). A probe (6) is connected to the bottom of one side of the housing. A field lens (7) is provided at the top of the probe (6). An observation camera (8) and a measuring camera (10) are arranged in a front-to-back configuration at the top of the field lens (7). Both the observation camera (8) and the measuring camera (10) are connected to the outside of the housing. A laser generator is connected to the right side of the field lens (7) and is located inside the housing.

3. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Z-axis linear drive mechanism (3) includes a Z-axis slide connected to the top of the base (1) along the Z-axis direction and a Z-axis linear motor module disposed on the top of the base (1) and driven by the Z-axis slide. The X-axis linear drive mechanism (4) includes an X-axis slide connected to the top of the Z-axis slide along the X-axis direction and an X-axis linear motor module disposed on the top of the Z-axis slide and driven by the X-axis slide. The longitudinal rotary motor (13) is disposed on the X-axis slide. The transverse rotary motor (12) is mounted on the longitudinal rotary motor (13). The housing of the transverse rotary motor (12) is connected to the rotating component of the longitudinal rotary motor (13) through an adapter plate. The Y-axis linear drive mechanism (5) includes a Y-axis slide connected to the column (2) along the Y-axis direction and a Y-axis linear module disposed on the column (2) and driven by the Y-axis slide. The other devices of the laser processing module are all mounted on the Y-axis slide.

4. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the column (2) is provided with a counterweight cylinder (9) to provide counterweight for the laser processing module.

5. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calendering device (14) includes a large sprocket (1401). The large sprocket (1401) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the main shaft of the transverse rotary motor (12). A chain (1402) is meshed with the outer side of the large sprocket (1401). A small sprocket (1403) is meshed with the inner front end of the chain (1402). A crankshaft (1404) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the small sprocket (1403). The crankshaft (1404) is rotatably connected to the adapter plate on the outer side of the housing of the transverse rotary motor (12). An inner rod (1405) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the crankshaft (1404). A sleeve rod (1406) is limited and slidable on the outer side of the inner rod (1405). A track (1410) is fixedly connected to one end of the sleeve rod (1406). A slider (1411) is slidably limited at the top inner side. A fixed shaft (1414) is rotatably connected to the top inner side of the slider (1411). A turntable (1415) is fixedly connected to the top outer side of the fixed shaft (1414). A fixed block (1416) is limited to contact the top inner side of the turntable (1415). A calendering block (1417) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixed block (1416). There are multiple calendering blocks (1417), and the number of calendering blocks (1417) is the same as the number of laser forming processes of the tap blank. The shape of a single calendering block (1417) corresponds to the shape of the chip groove after the corresponding processing stage. The shape and size of the calendering block (1417) can be selected according to the shape and size of the chip groove of the tap.

6. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sleeve rod (1406) is rotatably connected to a support rod (1407) via a rotating shaft. A fixed rod (1408) is limited and slidably connected to the outside of the support rod (1407). The fixed rod (1408) is fixedly connected to the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor (12). An electric push rod (1409) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support rod (1407). The bottom of the electric push rod (1409) is fixedly connected to the fixed rod (1408).

7. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The front end of the track (1410) is fixedly connected to a first motor (1412), and the end of the main shaft of the first motor (1412) is fixedly connected to a transverse threaded shaft (1413) that passes through the slider (1411). The transverse threaded shaft (1413) is helically connected to the slider (1411), and the transverse threaded shaft (1413) is rotatably connected to the track (1410). The rotational speed of the first motor (1412) can be adjusted according to the processing speed of the tap blank.

8. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: The turntable (1415) is spirally connected to the outside of the turntable (1415) with a bolt (1418) penetrating the turntable (1415), and the bolt (1418) is spirally connected to the fixing block (1416).

9. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 5, characterized in that: A second motor (1419) is fixedly connected to one end of the outer side of the slider (1411). The end of the main shaft of the second motor (1419) is fixedly connected to a worm gear (1420) that is rotatably connected to the slider (1411). A worm wheel (1421) that is fixedly connected to the fixed shaft (1414) is meshed on the outer side of the worm gear (1420). The turntable (1415) rotates at an angle of 360° / the number of laser forming processes of the tap blank.

10. The laser precision machining equipment for taps based on vision measurement and multi-axis linkage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The auxiliary support device (15) includes a fixed frame (1501). The top of the calendering device (14) is provided with a fixed frame (1501), and the fixed frame (1501) passes through the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor (12). The fixed frame (1501) slides in contact with the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor (12). The bottom of the inner side of the fixed frame (1501) is rotatably connected with a longitudinal threaded shaft (1502), and the longitudinal threaded shaft (1502) passes through the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor (12). The longitudinal threaded shaft (1502) is spirally connected to the adapter plate on the outside of the housing of the transverse rotary motor (12). The bottom of the fixed frame (1501) is fixedly connected with a support block (1503), and the bottom of the support block (1503) is arc-shaped. The support block (1503) is made of smooth and wear-resistant high manganese steel.

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