Air cushion shockproof foot and punching machine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of punching machine damping, and particularly discloses an air cushion shockproof foot and a punching machine. The air cushion shockproof foot is used for supporting and damping a punching machine and comprises a bottom plate, a top plate, an air spring located between the bottom plate and the top plate and a plurality of damping devices. The damping device comprises a two-way output damping air cylinder installed at the lower end of the top plate and a pair of damping matching plates fixed to the bottom plate. Friction plates are arranged at the two ends of the damping air cylinder and can move outwards and press the corresponding damping matching plates, and therefore damping force is generated. The design can adaptively adjust the damping force, adapt to load and vibration changes, and improve the damping effect and the stability of the punching machine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of punch press vibration reduction technology, and more specifically, to an air cushion anti-vibration foot and a punch press. Background Technology

[0002] High-speed precision punch presses inevitably generate strong impact vibrations during stamping operations. These vibrations not only significantly reduce the machining accuracy of stamped parts and accelerate die wear and failure, but also transmit vibration energy through the ground, causing cumulative damage to the factory building structure. Simultaneously, they generate high-decibel noise pollution, worsening the working environment for operators. To alleviate these problems, the industry commonly uses anti-vibration feet at the bottom of the punch press to suppress vibration transmission. In the prior art, Chinese patent document CN206426498U discloses a typical anti-vibration foot structure, which consists of a base and a top cover forming the main frame. A damping cavity is set between the base and the top cover, and multiple sets of springs are arranged on both sides of the damping cavity. The top of the springs is connected to a spring adjustment seat, and the four corner extension pillars of the top cover pass through the spring adjustment seats and are fixed by lateral screws. When this device is working, the springs absorb the stamping impact kinetic energy through compression deformation, while the damping fluid filled in the damping cavity consumes the rebound kinetic energy using fluid viscous resistance, achieving vibration attenuation. Simultaneously, the operator can manually rotate the screws to adjust the spring compression and change the height of the top cover to correct the horizontal position of the punch press. However, this design has fundamental flaws: 1. The damping chamber uses a passive hydraulic damping mechanism with fixed parameters. The damping force is related to the viscosity of the damping fluid and the contact surface, and cannot be changed after the device leaves the factory. 2. Resonance is easily generated during operation when the resonant frequency is around 4Hz, which is within the equipment's operating range. 3. The viscosity of the damping fluid is greatly affected by ambient temperature and frictional heat generated during press operation. Higher temperatures result in lower viscosity and weaker damping force, increasing the burden of vertical vibration on the press; conversely, too low a temperature increases the damping viscosity, leading to excessive damping force and affecting vibration isolation. 4. Poor adaptability to operating conditions. Different stamping products have different die sizes, and the weight of the upper die varies significantly between different die sizes. This means that the vibration damping performance cannot adaptively adjust under actual operating conditions such as changes in press load, fluctuations in stamping frequency, or differences in vibration amplitude. For example, excessive damping under light loads causes sluggish press response, while insufficient damping under heavy loads intensifies vibration transmission. Furthermore, leveling relies entirely on manual intervention, requiring the machine to be stopped and screws tightened one by one using specialized tools. This process is tedious and time-consuming, and it cannot dynamically maintain a level state during continuous operation of the press. Over time, ground subsidence or mold changes can cause the press to tilt, affecting processing consistency. More importantly, the entire system lacks real-time sensing and active control capabilities, passively responding to vibrations solely based on the physical properties of springs and damping fluids. It cannot adjust the air cushion pressure or damping force output in real time according to changes in vibration intensity, making it difficult to meet the stringent requirements of modern high-speed stamping processes for equipment dynamic stability. Especially in high-precision scenarios such as the stamping of precision electronic components, insufficient vibration control directly restricts the improvement of product yield.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an air cushion anti-vibration foot and a punch press, which has the advantages of being able to adaptively adjust the damping force to adapt to changes in punch press load and vibration amplitude, thereby improving the shock absorption effect and punch press stability.

[0005] This application provides an air cushion shock-absorbing foot, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0006] An air cushion anti-vibration foot, used for support and vibration reduction in a punch press, comprising:

[0007] - Base plate and top plate;

[0008] - A gas spring, installed between the bottom plate and the top plate, with its upper and lower ends connected to the bottom plate and the top plate respectively;

[0009] - Multiple damping devices are distributed between the bottom plate and the top plate, each damping device including:

[0010] - Damping cylinder, mounted on the lower end face of the top plate;

[0011] - A pair of damping mating plates are fixed to the upper end face of the base plate, and the damping cylinder is located between the two pairs of damping mating plates;

[0012] - The damping cylinder is a bidirectional output cylinder, with friction plates installed at its two output ends. The damping cylinder drives the friction plates to move outward and press against the corresponding damping mating plate, thereby generating frictional damping force.

[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the upper end of the gas spring is provided with a gas spring upper cover plate, the lower end of the gas spring is provided with a gas spring lower base plate, the gas spring is connected to the top plate through the gas spring upper cover plate, and connected to the base plate through the gas spring lower base plate, while the base plate is fixed to the foundation of the punch press.

[0014] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the damping cylinder is mounted on the lower end face of the top plate via a cylinder mounting base, and the cylinder mounting base is fixedly connected to the top plate.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also proposes to include an automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism, which includes:

[0016] - Mounting bracket fixed to the lower end face of the top plate;

[0017] - A trigger block that is adjustable in height and is mounted on a mounting frame. The trigger block has a first trigger part and a second trigger part that are arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction.

[0018] - A displacement sensor is mounted on one of the damping mating plates, with the trigger end of the displacement sensor located between the first trigger part and the second trigger part;

[0019] - When the bottom plate and the top plate move relative to each other, the trigger end of the displacement sensor contacts the first trigger part or the second trigger part and triggers a signal, which is used to control the inflation or deflation of the gas spring.

[0020] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the trigger end of the displacement sensor is a roller, and that the displacement sensor is a roller-type limit switch or a roller-type proximity switch.

[0021] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the trigger block has a U-shaped plate structure, with the upper and lower side plates of the U-shaped plate forming the first trigger part and the second trigger part, respectively.

[0022] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the mounting bracket is provided with a strip-shaped hole, and the trigger block is installed in the strip-shaped hole by fasteners to manually adjust the lifting height of the trigger block.

[0023] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the gas spring is a single-chamber gas spring or a double-chamber gas spring, and is connected with an inflation valve and an deflation valve.

[0024] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the number of damping devices is four, respectively located at the four corners of the bottom plate and the top plate.

[0025] Furthermore, this application also proposes a punch press, including four air cushion anti-vibration feet as described above, the four air cushion anti-vibration feet being respectively disposed at the four end corners of the punch press body for shock absorption and leveling of the punch press.

[0026] As can be seen from the above, the air cushion anti-vibration foot and punch press provided in this application, through the setting of a base plate, a top plate, a gas spring and multiple damping devices, wherein the damping device uses a bidirectional output cylinder to drive the friction plate to press against the damping mating plate to generate an adjustable damping force, which can adaptively adjust the damping force to adapt to different working conditions. It has the advantages of being able to adaptively adjust the damping force to adapt to changes in punch press load and vibration amplitude, thereby improving the shock absorption effect and punch press stability. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an air cushion shockproof foot provided for this application.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a side view of an air cushion shockproof foot provided in this application.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an air cushion shock-absorbing foot provided in this application.

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3Enlarged view of part A.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the punch press described in Example 2. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of this application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this application, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0034] Traditional anti-vibration foot devices for punch presses suffer from several drawbacks, including non-adjustable damping force, manual leveling requirements, and a lack of active control mechanisms. The damping characteristics of these devices are typically fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to actual working conditions, resulting in poor adaptability of the vibration reduction effect. Furthermore, their leveling operation is time-consuming and labor-intensive, making it difficult to maintain a level position in real-time during operation, and the lack of active intervention makes it difficult to meet the dynamic stability requirements of high-speed, high-precision punching.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this application proposes an air cushion anti-vibration foot for support and vibration reduction of a punch press. This air cushion anti-vibration foot, by introducing a controllable damping device, aims to overcome the limitations of the non-adjustable damping force in existing technologies, providing a more flexible and effective vibration reduction solution for punch presses.

[0037] The air cushion anti-vibration foot of this embodiment consists mainly of a base plate 1 and a top plate 2. The base plate 1 is typically designed to contact the ground or equipment foundation, providing a stable support surface. The top plate 2 is designed to connect to the bottom of the punch press body 100, bearing the weight of the punch press. The base plate 1 and top plate 2 can be made of high-strength steel plates or cast iron to ensure sufficient rigidity and load-bearing capacity. For example, they can be made into rectangular or circular plate structures, connected to the external structure by bolts or welding.

[0038] A gas spring 3 is installed between the base plate 1 and the top plate 2. The upper and lower ends of the gas spring 3 are connected to the base plate 1 and the top plate 2, respectively. The function of the gas spring 3 is to provide primary elastic support and initial vibration damping, absorbing the static load and most of the impact energy of the punch press. The gas spring 3 can be directly fixed to corresponding positions on the base plate 1 and the top plate 2, for example, by bolting or bonding. In one implementation, the gas spring 3 can be a simple rubber air bladder that provides support force through inflation. In another implementation, the gas spring 3 can be a structure with a metal piston and an air chamber, whose support stiffness is adjusted by internal air pressure.

[0039] In addition, this embodiment also includes multiple damping devices distributed between the base plate 1 and the top plate 2. Each damping device includes a damping cylinder 5, a pair of damping mating plates 6, and a friction plate 7. A damping device is a mechanism used to dissipate vibration energy by converting mechanical energy into heat energy or other forms to attenuate vibration. In this embodiment, the damping device generates damping force through friction between the friction plate and the mating plate driven by the cylinder.

[0040] The damping cylinder 5 is mounted on the lower end face of the top plate 2. For example, the damping cylinder 5 can be directly fixed to the reserved holes in the top plate 2 by bolts, or connected by welding. The mounting position of the damping cylinder 5 is selected to effectively transmit the damping force and form a good fit with the damping mating plate 6. The damping cylinder 5 is an actuator that drives the piston rod to move by compressed air, thereby generating thrust or pull.

[0041] Pairs of damping mating plates 6 are fixed to the upper surface of the base plate 1. These damping mating plates 6 are typically made of wear-resistant materials, such as high-strength steel or composite materials, to withstand the repeated friction of the friction pads 7. A damping cylinder 5 is arranged between the two pairs of damping mating plates 6, so that its output end can act outward on these two mating plates. For example, the damping mating plates 6 can be designed as straight strips, fixed to the base plate 1 by bolts or riveting. In another implementation, they can be designed as friction blocks with a specific shape to increase the friction area or optimize friction characteristics.

[0042] The damping cylinder 5 is designed as a bidirectional output cylinder. This means that the piston rod of the cylinder can be driven in two directions, thereby controlling the extension and retraction of the friction plate 7. Friction plates 7 are respectively installed at its two output ends. The friction plates 7 are designed to contact the damping mating plate 6 and generate friction. The damping cylinder 5 drives the friction plates 7 to move outward, pressing them against the corresponding damping mating plate 6, thereby generating damping force. For example, the friction plate 7 can be a simple friction block made of materials such as rubber, plastic, or metal, directly mounted at the end of the cylinder piston rod. When compressed air is introduced into the cylinder, the piston rod extends, driving the friction plate 7 to move outward, tightly contacting and pressing against the damping mating plate 6, thus dissipating vibration energy through the friction between the friction plate 7 and the damping mating plate 6 during relative movement of the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2. By adjusting the output pressure of the damping cylinder 5, the pressing force of the friction plate 7 against the damping mating plate 6 can be changed, thereby adjusting the damping force.

[0043] This embodiment of the air cushion anti-vibration foot effectively solves the problem of non-adjustable damping force in the prior art by introducing a controllable damping device. By driving the friction plate 7 against the damping mating plate 6 through the bidirectional output damping cylinder 5, the damping force can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual working conditions of the punch press, thereby improving the adaptability of the vibration reduction effect. This design allows the anti-vibration foot to respond more precisely to vibrations during the stamping process, effectively attenuating impact energy, reducing adverse effects on the punch press's machining accuracy and die life, and minimizing vibration transmission to the factory floor and surrounding environment.

[0044] In a specific implementation, the upper end of the gas spring 3 is provided with a gas spring upper cover plate 31, and the lower end of the gas spring 3 is provided with a gas spring lower base plate 32. The gas spring 3 is connected to the top plate 2 through the gas spring upper cover plate 31 and to the bottom plate 1 through the gas spring lower base plate 32. Specifically, the gas spring upper cover plate 31 and the gas spring lower base plate 32 are auxiliary structural components specifically designed for the gas spring 3 for its installation and connection. They are usually made of high-strength metal materials (such as steel and aluminum alloy) and have sufficient rigidity and strength to withstand the load transmitted by the gas spring 3. The gas spring upper cover plate 31 can be designed as a plate-like structure integrally formed with the top of the gas spring 3 or firmly connected by means of threads, welding, etc. Its upper surface is usually provided with bolt holes or snap-fit ​​structures for reliable fixation to the top plate 2. For example, the gas spring upper cover plate 31 can be designed as a circular or square plate with a central hole and multiple circumferentially distributed bolt holes, and the gas spring upper cover plate 31 is fixed to the corresponding position of the top plate 2 by bolts. Similarly, the lower base plate 32 of the gas spring can be a plate-like structure integrally formed with the bottom of the gas spring 3 or firmly connected by means of threads, welding, etc. Its lower surface is usually provided with bolt holes or locating pin holes for reliable fixation to the base plate 1. For example, the lower base plate 32 of the gas spring can be designed with a structure similar to the upper cover plate 31 of the gas spring, and fixed to the corresponding position of the base plate 1 by bolts. The function of these cover plates and base plates is to provide a flat and stable mounting interface, to evenly transmit the force of the gas spring 3 to the top plate 2 and the base plate 1, and to ensure that the gas spring 3 will not shift or fall off during operation.

[0045] Through the above technical solution, an upper cover plate 31 and a lower base plate 32 are provided for the gas spring 3, and the gas spring 3 is connected to the top plate 2 and the base plate 1 through these cover plates and base plates, providing a standardized and stable installation interface for the gas spring 3. This structure can effectively disperse the stress generated by the gas spring 3 during operation, avoiding stress concentration acting directly on the gas spring 3 body, thereby protecting the gas spring 3 and extending its service life. At the same time, this connection method makes the connection between the gas spring 3 and the top plate 2 and the base plate 1 more robust and reliable. Even in the high-frequency, high-impact working environment of a punch press, it can ensure the overall stability and vibration reduction effect of the air cushion anti-vibration foot, preventing the gas spring 3 from shifting or falling off due to unstable connection, thus improving the operational safety and maintenance convenience of the equipment.

[0046] like Figure 1-3As shown, the damping cylinder 5 is mounted on the lower end face of the top plate 2 via a cylinder mounting base 4, and the cylinder mounting base 4 is fixedly connected to the top plate 2. The cylinder mounting base 4 is a specially designed mechanical component whose main function is to provide a stable and adjustable mounting interface for the damping cylinder 5. This mounting base is typically made of high-strength metal materials, such as steel or aluminum alloy, to ensure that it does not deform or fail when subjected to the vibration and impact loads generated during the operation of the punch press. The cylinder mounting base 4 can be designed in various structural forms according to the size of the damping cylinder 5 and installation requirements, such as an L-shaped bracket, a U-shaped bracket, or a flange-type structure, with precise mounting holes pre-drilled for connection with the damping cylinder 5 and the top plate 2.

[0047] The damping cylinder 5 is securely connected to the cylinder mounting base 4 via bolts, rivets, or other fasteners. Simultaneously, the cylinder mounting base 4 is also fixedly connected to the lower end face of the top plate 2 via bolts, welding, or riveting. This indirect installation method allows for precise adjustment of the installation position and angle of the damping cylinder 5, ensuring accurate alignment with the paired damping mating plates 6, thereby optimizing the damping effect.

[0048] By introducing the cylinder mounting base 4 as an intermediate connector between the damping cylinder 5 and the top plate 2 through the above technical solution, the installation convenience and positioning accuracy of the damping cylinder 5 are significantly improved. The cylinder mounting base 4 provides a standardized and easy-to-operate installation platform, making the assembly and disassembly of the damping cylinder 5 more efficient, and allowing for precise position and angle adjustments during installation to ensure that the damping cylinder 5 can optimally act on the damping mating plate 6. More importantly, the cylinder mounting base 4, as an additional structural support, effectively enhances the overall stability and reliability of the connection between the damping cylinder 5 and the top plate 2. In the high-frequency, high-intensity vibration and impact working environment of the punch press, the cylinder mounting base 4 can better absorb and disperse impact loads, reduce stress concentration and fatigue damage at the connection points, thereby effectively extending the service life of the damping cylinder 5 and the entire air cushion anti-vibration foot, ensuring a continuous and stable output of damping effect, and improving the operational reliability of the equipment.

[0049] In a further embodiment, the air cushion shock absorber also includes an automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism, which comprises: a mounting bracket 8 fixed to the lower end face of the top plate 2; a trigger block 9 adjustablely mounted on the mounting bracket 8, the trigger block 9 having a first trigger portion and a second trigger portion arranged opposite each other in the vertical direction; a displacement sensor 10 mounted on one of the damping mating plates 6, the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 being located between the first trigger portion and the second trigger portion; when the bottom plate 1 moves relative to the top plate 2, the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 contacts the first trigger portion or the second trigger portion and triggers a signal, the signal being used to control the inflation or deflation of the gas spring 3.

[0050] This automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism is designed to automatically adjust the internal air pressure of the gas spring 3 to maintain the preset working height and vibration damping performance of the air cushion shock absorber. It typically consists of a sensor, a controller (not shown, but necessary for automatic control), and actuators (such as inflation and deflation valves for controlling the gas flow in and out of the gas spring 3). When the height of the air cushion shock absorber deviates from the set range, the mechanism automatically triggers inflation or deflation to adjust the height of the gas spring 3 to the target state.

[0051] Mounting bracket 8 is used to fix trigger block 9 and position it on the lower end face of top plate 2. Mounting bracket 8 can adopt various structural forms such as L-shaped bracket, U-shaped bracket or flat bracket, and is firmly connected to bottom plate 1 by bolts, welding or other fixing methods to ensure that trigger block 9 is in a stable position when air cushion anti-vibration foot is working.

[0052] Trigger block 9 is the mechanical triggering component of displacement sensor 10. It is designed to be height-adjustable to allow for precise setting of the ideal working height range of the air cushion anti-vibration foot according to actual needs. Trigger block 9 has a first trigger portion and a second trigger portion arranged vertically opposite each other. These two trigger portions together define a "neutral zone" that allows the trigger end of displacement sensor 10 to move freely within it. When the height of the air cushion anti-vibration foot changes, causing the trigger end of displacement sensor 10 to contact the first or second trigger portion, it indicates that the height of the air cushion anti-vibration foot has exceeded the preset range, requiring air pressure adjustment. The height adjustment of trigger block 9 can be achieved through threads, sliding grooves, and fasteners.

[0053] The displacement sensor 10 is used to monitor the relative displacement between the base plate 1 and the top plate 2 in real time, thereby indirectly reflecting the compression or extension state of the gas spring 3. The sensor 10 is mounted on one of the damping mating plates 6, and its trigger end is precisely positioned between the first and second trigger parts of the trigger block 9. When the height of the air cushion shock absorber foot shifts due to load changes or air pressure fluctuations, the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 will contact the first or second trigger part of the trigger block 9 and immediately output a corresponding electrical signal. This signal serves as the basis for controlling the inflation or deflation of the gas spring 3. The displacement sensor 10 can be a mechanical limit switch, proximity switch, photoelectric switch, etc., as long as it can detect changes in relative position with the trigger block 9 and output a signal.

[0054] When the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 contacts the first trigger part, it indicates that the height of the air cushion shock absorber foot is too high (the gas spring 3 is over-inflated or the load is reduced). At this time, the trigger signal will instruct the control system to open the deflation valve, causing the gas spring 3 to deflate until the height returns to the preset range. Conversely, when the trigger end contacts the second trigger part, it indicates that the height of the air cushion shock absorber foot is too low (the gas spring 3 has insufficient air pressure or the load is increased). The trigger signal will instruct the control system to open the inflation valve, causing the gas spring 3 to inflate until the height returns to normal. In this way, the air pressure of the gas spring 3 can be dynamically and automatically adjusted to ensure that the air cushion shock absorber foot always works in the optimal state.

[0055] Through the above technical solution, this application can monitor the working height of the air cushion anti-vibration foot in real time. When the load on the punch press changes or the air pressure of the gas spring 3 fluctuates, the displacement sensor 10 can promptly detect the relative displacement between the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2, and generate a corresponding trigger signal through the trigger block 9. This signal is used to precisely control the inflation or deflation process of the gas spring 3, thereby automatically adjusting the height of the air cushion anti-vibration foot to the preset optimal working range. This not only avoids the tediousness of frequent manual adjustments and significantly improves operational convenience, but more importantly, it ensures that the air cushion anti-vibration foot is always in the optimal vibration reduction state, effectively absorbing the impact energy generated during punch press operation, maintaining the horizontal stability and processing accuracy of the punch press, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 is a roller 11, and the displacement sensor 10 is a roller-type limit switch or a roller-type proximity switch. Specifically, the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 is designed as a roller 11. The roller 11 is typically made of wear-resistant materials, such as hard alloy, ceramic, or polymer engineering plastic, and is mounted on a bearing inside the sensor, allowing it to rotate freely. When the roller 11 contacts the trigger block 9, it interacts with the surface of the trigger block 9 in a rolling manner rather than a sliding manner. This rolling contact significantly reduces the friction between the two, thereby reducing wear and extending the service life of the roller 11 and the trigger block 9. At the same time, the rolling contact also makes the triggering process smoother and more stable, avoiding jamming or jumping caused by excessive or uneven friction, and improving the accuracy and repeatability of the triggering.

[0057] The displacement sensor 10 can specifically be a roller-type limit switch or a roller-type proximity switch. A roller-type limit switch is a mechanical sensor containing a microswitch. When the roller 11 is pushed by the trigger block 9 and reaches a preset travel distance, the switch contacts change on / off, outputting an electrical signal. This type of switch has a robust structure, strong anti-interference capability, and is suitable for harsh industrial environments. A roller-type proximity switch is a non-contact sensor. Its roller 11 may act as part of the trigger mechanism. When the roller 11 is pushed to a specific position by the trigger block 9, the sensing element inside the sensor (such as an inductor, capacitor, or photoelectric element) detects the presence of the roller 11 or the target object it moves, thereby outputting a signal. Regardless of the type, the design of the roller 11 ensures the reliability and durability of the sensor when detecting displacement.

[0058] Through the above technical solution, the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 is designed as a roller 11, and a roller-type limit switch or roller-type proximity switch is adopted, effectively solving the problems of wear, high friction, and insensitive triggering that may exist between the trigger end and the trigger block 9 of traditional displacement sensors. The introduction of the roller 11 changes the triggering process from sliding friction to rolling friction, greatly reducing the wear of the contact surface and extending the service life of the displacement sensor 10 and the trigger block 9. At the same time, the smoothness of the rolling contact improves the triggering accuracy and repeatability of the displacement sensor 10, ensuring that the automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism can more accurately and stably detect the relative displacement between the base plate 1 and the top plate 2, thereby achieving precise control of the inflation / deflation of the gas spring 3. This allows the air cushion anti-vibration foot to more effectively maintain the level of the punch press and the vibration reduction effect, improving the operating stability and processing accuracy of the punch press.

[0059] In a further embodiment, the trigger block 9 has a U-shaped plate structure, with the upper and lower side plates of the U-shaped plate forming the first trigger portion and the second trigger portion, respectively. Specifically, the trigger block 9 is designed as a U-shaped plate structure. This U-shaped plate structure is typically manufactured from a single sheet of material through processes such as bending, stamping, or integral molding, forming a component with a U-shaped cross-section. The U-shaped plate structure has good structural rigidity and stability, effectively resisting external deformation, while its manufacturing process is relatively simple, which helps reduce production costs. The interior of the U-shaped structure forms an open space that can be used to accommodate the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 and provide it with a clear motion trajectory.

[0060] Based on this, the upper and lower side plates of the U-shaped plate respectively constitute the first triggering part and the second triggering part. This means that the two parallel side plates of the U-shaped plate, namely its upper side plate and lower side plate, are directly used as the triggering interface of the displacement sensor 10. When the bottom plate 1 and the top plate 2 are relatively displaced, the triggering end of the displacement sensor 10 (for example, the roller 11 as described in the above embodiment) will move in the vertical direction and successively contact the lower side plate (as the first triggering part) or the upper side plate (as the second triggering part) of the U-shaped plate. This design makes full use of the inherent geometry of the U-shaped plate, without the need to add additional complex triggering components, further simplifying the structure of the trigger block 9.

[0061] Through the above technical solution, the trigger block 9 is designed as a U-shaped plate structure, and its upper and lower side plates directly constitute the first and second trigger parts, significantly simplifying the overall structure of the trigger block 9 and reducing manufacturing difficulty and production costs. This integrated U-shaped design makes the relative positional relationship between the first and second trigger parts more stable and accurate, effectively avoiding the accumulation of errors and loosening problems that may be caused by the assembly of multiple parts. When the trigger end of the displacement sensor 10 moves relative to the inside of the U-shaped plate, it can reliably contact the upper and lower side plates, thereby ensuring that the displacement sensor 10 can accurately detect the relative displacement between the press body 100 and the base plate 1, and trigger the inflation / deflation signal in a timely manner. This makes the inflation or deflation control of the gas spring 3 more precise and timely, further improving the shock absorption effect and leveling accuracy of the air cushion anti-vibration foot during the operation of the press, ensuring the stable operation and processing quality of the press.

[0062] In practical applications, the working conditions, load size, and required vibration damping effect of a punch press may vary. If the position of the trigger block 9 is fixed, the inflation / deflation trigger point of the gas spring 3 will also be fixed. This may prevent the automatic control mechanism from flexibly adapting to different working conditions, affecting the optimization of vibration damping effect and the versatility of the system. To address this, this application further proposes that the mounting bracket 8 is provided with a strip hole 12, and the trigger block 9 is installed in the strip hole 12 by fasteners to manually adjust the lifting height of the trigger block 9.

[0063] Specifically, the slotted hole 12 is a groove-shaped opening with a certain length and width, typically formed on the plate-like structure of the mounting bracket 8 through machining (such as milling or stamping). Its main function is to provide a track for the trigger block 9 to move in a specific direction (in this case, the vertical direction), thereby achieving continuous or stepwise position adjustment. The trigger block 9 is mounted in the slotted hole 12 by fasteners, which typically refer to standard parts such as bolts, nuts, screws, and washers, used to connect and fix two or more parts together. Here, the fasteners pass through the pre-drilled mounting holes on the trigger block 9 and the slotted hole 12 on the mounting bracket 8, and by tightening, the trigger block 9 can be reliably fixed in any selected position within the slotted hole 12. Manually adjusting the height of the trigger block 9 refers to changing the vertical position of the trigger block 9 through manual operation. When it is necessary to adjust the lifting height of the trigger block 9, the operator can loosen the fasteners to allow the trigger block 9 to slide freely in the vertical direction within the strip hole 12, move it to the target height, and then tighten the fasteners again to lock the trigger block 9 in the new position.

[0064] Through the above technical solution, since the mounting bracket 8 is provided with a strip hole 12, and the trigger block 9 is installed in the strip hole 12 by fasteners, the lifting height of the trigger block 9 can be manually adjusted. This adjustability allows for flexible adjustment of the trigger point where the displacement sensor 10 contacts the first or second trigger part according to the actual working load of the punch press, the stroke size, or the desired vibration reduction characteristics. For example, when earlier inflation is needed to cope with a larger impact, the trigger block 9 can be adjusted downwards; when inflation is needed to delay to allow for a larger free stroke, it can be adjusted upwards. This precise and controllable adjustment capability enables the automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism to better adapt to different working conditions, optimize the inflation / deflation timing of the gas spring 3, thereby significantly improving the vibration reduction performance and stability of the air cushion anti-vibration foot, ensuring that the punch press can obtain ideal support and vibration reduction effects under various operating conditions.

[0065] In a further embodiment, the gas spring 3 is a single-chamber or double-chamber gas spring, connected to an inflation valve and an deflation valve. Specifically, the gas spring 3 can be designed as a single-chamber structure containing only one air chamber, which has the advantages of relatively simple structure, ease of manufacturing and maintenance, and suitability for scenarios where stiffness adjustment requirements are not high. Alternatively, the gas spring 3 can also be designed as a double-chamber structure containing two or more independent air chambers. This design allows for changes in the overall stiffness characteristics of the gas spring 3 by independently adjusting the pressure or volume of different air chambers, thereby providing more flexible support and damping performance. For example, one main air chamber can provide primary support, while another auxiliary air chamber is used for fine-tuning stiffness or providing progressive damping to meet more complex damping needs. To achieve precise control of the internal pressure of the gas spring 3, an inflation valve and a deflation valve are connected to it. The inflation valve is used to inject high-pressure gas into the gas spring 3 to increase its internal pressure, thereby improving the support stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the gas spring 3. The inflation valve can be a one-way valve, ensuring that gas can only enter and not exit, or it can be a solenoid valve, automatically controlled by an electrical signal. The deflation valve is used to release the gas inside the gas spring 3 to reduce the internal pressure, thereby reducing the support stiffness and load-bearing capacity. The deflation valve can also be a manual valve or a solenoid valve to meet different control requirements.

[0066] Through the above technical solution, the internal pressure of the gas spring 3 can be precisely adjusted according to the actual working state and load requirements of the punch press. When the punch press load increases or stronger support is required, air is injected into the gas spring 3 through the air inflator valve to increase its internal pressure, thereby increasing the stiffness and load-bearing capacity of the gas spring 3. Conversely, when the load is reduced or a gentler damping effect is required, some gas is discharged through the air deflation valve to reduce the internal pressure and decrease the stiffness of the gas spring 3. This adjustability significantly improves the adaptability of the air cushion anti-vibration foot, ensuring that the punch press can obtain the best damping and support effect under different working conditions, effectively absorbing impact energy, reducing vibration transmission, protecting the punch press equipment and factory foundation, and reducing noise. Especially when combined with an automatic air inflation and deflation control mechanism (as described in claim 4 above), fully automatic and intelligent damping and leveling can be achieved, further improving the performance and convenience of the system.

[0067] In the above scheme, the number of damping devices is four, respectively located at the four corners of the base plate 1 and the top plate 2. Specifically, the number of damping devices is four, which clarifies the specific number of damping devices equipped on the air cushion shock absorber foot. In mechanical support and vibration reduction applications, especially for equipment with rectangular or square bases, four support points are generally considered to be the ideal number for providing stable support and uniform load distribution. This helps ensure that the shock absorber foot can provide a balanced damping effect when subjected to vertical loads and lateral forces, avoiding structural redundancy or unstable support due to insufficient or excessive number of damping devices.

[0068] Meanwhile, the damping devices are respectively disposed at the four corners of the base plate 1 and the top plate 2. This technical feature further defines the specific installation positions of the four damping devices. Arranging the damping devices at the four corners of the base plate 1 and the top plate 2 maximizes the support base of the shock-absorbing foot, thereby effectively resisting the overturning moment generated by the equipment during operation. This arrangement allows each damping device to provide damping independently or collaboratively within its respective area, ensuring that the entire shock-absorbing foot can absorb energy evenly when subjected to impact or vibration, and maintain the relative stability between the top plate 2 and the base plate 1.

[0069] By determining the number of damping devices to be four and placing them at the four corners of the base plate 1 and top plate 2 respectively, this application effectively solves the problems of insufficient stability and uneven damping effect that may occur when the anti-vibration foot is subjected to heavy-load impact. This arrangement allows the anti-vibration foot to form a stable four-point support structure, maximizing the ability to resist overturning moments, thereby significantly improving the overturning stability and overall stiffness of the entire air cushion anti-vibration foot. At the same time, the even distribution of the four damping devices ensures that impact and vibration energy can be absorbed and dissipated evenly during equipment operation, avoiding areas of local stress concentration or insufficient damping, thus ensuring the smooth operation of equipment such as punch presses, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing the vibration impact on the surrounding environment.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] like Figure 5 As shown, this application proposes a punch press, which includes four air cushion anti-vibration feet as described above. The four air cushion anti-vibration feet are respectively disposed at the four end corners of the punch press body 100 for shock absorption and leveling of the punch press.

[0072] This punch press is a device that performs stamping processing by applying pressure to sheet metal, generating periodic high-intensity impact forces during operation. These impact forces not only transmit to the ground, causing vibration and noise pollution, but also adversely affect the structure and precision of the punch press itself. Therefore, effective vibration damping and leveling of the punch press are crucial. To achieve this goal, this application employs four air-cushioned anti-vibration feet for support. Using four air-cushioned anti-vibration feet is a common and efficient configuration for providing stable support to heavy equipment with rectangular or square bases. This configuration ensures the stability of the equipment in three-dimensional space and provides a foundation for subsequent precise leveling. Specifically, the four air-cushioned anti-vibration feet are respectively arranged at the four corners of the punch press body 100. This layout maximizes the area of ​​the support base, thereby achieving uniform distribution and effective load-bearing of the weight of the punch press body 100. This arrangement helps to evenly distribute the impact forces generated during punch press operation to each anti-vibration foot, avoiding localized stress concentration and ensuring the stability and vibration damping effect of the entire body. The air-cushioned anti-vibration feet are used for vibration damping and leveling of the punch press. The shock absorption function aims to absorb and isolate the impact energy generated during the operation of the punch press, preventing it from being transmitted to the ground and the surrounding environment, while protecting the precision internal components of the punch press from vibration damage. The leveling function, by adjusting the air pressure or height of each air cushion anti-vibration foot, keeps the punch press's processing platform in a precisely level state, which is crucial for ensuring the processing accuracy and quality of stamped parts.

[0073] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, four air-cushioned anti-vibration feet are respectively positioned at the four corners of the punch press body 100, providing a stable and uniform support foundation for the punch press. Each air-cushioned anti-vibration foot independently absorbs and isolates impact vibrations at its location, while the synergistic effect of the four anti-vibration feet ensures the overall vibration reduction effect of the entire punch press body 100 during operation. Furthermore, since each air-cushioned anti-vibration foot has independent support and height adjustment capabilities, the overall leveling of the punch press becomes more precise and convenient, effectively solving the problems of uneven vibration, unstable support, and difficulty in precise leveling that may occur during the operation of large punch presses. This not only significantly improves the operational stability, processing accuracy, and service life of the punch press but also effectively reduces the vibration impact of the equipment on the factory foundation and surrounding environment.

[0074] In actual stamping production, stamping presses often need to frequently change stamping dies according to different processing tasks. Different dies have different weights, and some large or irregularly shaped dies may even have their center of gravity deviating from their geometric center. If the stamping press is not readjusted in time after changing the die, it will lead to a decrease in processing accuracy and may even affect the die's lifespan. Traditional anti-vibration foot devices require manual shutdown and individual tightening of adjusting screws, which is cumbersome and cannot achieve dynamic response.

[0075] To address the aforementioned issues, the punch press proposed in this application employs four independently controlled air cushion anti-vibration feet, combined with an automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism within each anti-vibration foot, achieving automatic leveling after mold replacement. The specific process is as follows:

[0076] When the operator completes the mold change, the weight or center of gravity distribution of the new mold changes, causing a change in the load state of the punch press body 100. At this time, the original horizontal state at the four corners of the punch press body 100 is broken: at the corners with increased load, the corresponding air cushion anti-vibration feet bear greater vertical pressure, causing the top plate 2 to move downward relative to the bottom plate 1, so that the displacement sensor 10 (roller 11) installed on the damping mating plate 6 contacts the lower side plate (second trigger part) of the trigger block 9, triggering the air release signal; conversely, at the corners with reduced load, the top plate 2 moves upward relative to the bottom plate 11, and the roller 11 contacts the upper side plate (first trigger part) of the trigger block 9, triggering the air inflation signal.

[0077] Each air cushion anti-vibration foot's control system independently receives trigger signals from its displacement sensor 10 and controls the inflation or deflation valve of the corresponding air spring 3. For corners with increased load, the control system opens the deflation valve, reducing the internal air pressure of the air spring 3, decreasing the supporting force, and causing the corner to sink moderately until the roller 11 returns to the neutral zone between the first and second trigger parts of the trigger block 9. For corners with reduced load, the control system opens the inflation valve, increasing the internal air pressure of the air spring 3, increasing the supporting force, and causing the corner to rise moderately, similarly causing the roller 11 to return to the neutral zone. The four corner air cushion anti-vibration feet work together, independently adjusting their respective air pressures until the overall levelness of the punch press body 100 returns to the preset range.

[0078] The entire automatic leveling process is completed within seconds of starting the press or changing the die, requiring no manual intervention. Even if there is a deviation in the die's center of gravity, each anti-vibration foot can dynamically compensate for the machine's level through independent air pressure adjustment, thus ensuring that the press maintains high-precision processing under different dies. This feature is particularly suitable for the automated production needs of high-speed precision presses in scenarios with frequent die changes, significantly improving production efficiency and processing consistency.

[0079] The air cushion vibration damping foot described in the above embodiments possesses excellent product adaptability and versatility because its load-bearing stiffness and damping force are actively adjusted via air pressure. Specifically, by adjusting the internal air pressure of the air spring, the load-bearing capacity and vertical stiffness of the vibration damping foot can be flexibly changed; by adjusting the output pressure of the damping cylinder, the magnitude of the friction damping force can be precisely controlled. This dual-parameter adjustable characteristic allows the same specification of air cushion vibration damping foot to be adapted to punch presses with different weights, different stamping tonnages, and different dynamic characteristics. Whether used for fine vibration isolation of small precision punch presses or for high-strength impact buffering of large heavy-duty punch presses, no hardware structure needs to be changed; only the corresponding air pressure parameters need to be adjusted according to the weight of the equipment and the vibration conditions to meet the usage requirements. This not only significantly broadens the product's application range and reduces the inventory pressure for users who need to select and stock different models for punch presses of different tonnages, but also greatly improves the flexibility of on-site installation and commissioning, fully demonstrating the highly versatile design advantage of the air cushion vibration damping foot, which is "one product for multiple uses."

[0080] The following example will provide a more detailed explanation of the above technical solution:

[0081] In the operation of a high-speed precision punch press, the press is equipped with four air cushion anti-vibration feet, located at the four corners of the press body 100. Each air cushion anti-vibration foot includes a base plate 1 and a top plate 2, with the base plate 1 supported on the ground and the top plate 2 connected to the bottom of the press body 100. A gas spring 3 is installed between the base plate 1 and the top plate 2, with its upper end connected to the top plate 2 via a gas spring upper cover plate 31 and its lower end connected to the base plate 1 via a gas spring lower base plate 32. The gas spring 3 can be a single-chamber or double-chamber structure and is equipped with an inflation valve and an deflation valve for adjusting its internal air pressure.

[0082] When a punch press performs a stamping operation, it generates periodic impact vibrations. These vibrations are first absorbed by the gas spring 3, which buffers the impact energy through the compression and expansion of the gas. To further attenuate the vibrations and provide controllable damping, each air cushion anti-vibration foot is also equipped with a damping device. Specifically, four damping devices are distributed between the base plate 1 and the top plate 2, located at the four corners of the air cushion anti-vibration foot. Each damping device includes a damping cylinder 5 and a pair of damping mating plates 6. The damping cylinder 5 is mounted on the lower end face of the top plate 2 via a cylinder mounting base 4, which is fixedly connected to the top plate 2. The pair of damping mating plates 6 are fixed to the upper end face of the base plate 1, with the damping cylinder 5 located between the pair of damping mating plates 6.

[0083] The damping cylinder 5 is a bidirectional output cylinder, with friction plates 7 installed at each of its two output ends. During the vibration of the punch press, the damping cylinder 5 can drive the friction plates 7 to move outward and press against the corresponding damping mating plate 6 according to a preset control strategy or the vibration signal detected in real time. By adjusting the output pressure of the damping cylinder 5, the pressing force of the friction plates 7 against the damping mating plate 6 can be precisely controlled, thereby generating an adjustable damping force. For example, when the vibration amplitude of the punch press is large, the output pressure of the damping cylinder 5 can be increased to increase the damping force and quickly attenuate the vibration; when the vibration amplitude is small, the damping force can be reduced to maintain the sensitivity of the system. This ability to actively adjust the damping force solves the problem of the non-adjustable damping force of traditional anti-vibration feet, allowing the vibration reduction effect to adapt to different stamping conditions.

[0084] In addition, to achieve automatic leveling and active control of the punch press, each air cushion anti-vibration foot also includes an automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism. This mechanism includes a mounting bracket 8 fixed to the lower end face of the top plate 2. A trigger block 9 is adjustablely mounted on the mounting bracket 8. The trigger block 9 has a U-shaped plate structure, with its upper and lower side plates forming the first trigger part and the second trigger part, respectively. The trigger block 9 is installed in the slot 12 on the mounting bracket 8 by fasteners. The user can manually adjust the height of the trigger block 9 to set the desired horizontal position of the punch press.

[0085] The displacement sensor 10, mounted on one of the damping mating plates 6, has a trigger end in a roller 11. The displacement sensor 10 is either a roller-type limit switch or a roller-type proximity switch. The roller 11 is located between the first and second trigger parts of the trigger block 9. During the punching process, relative displacement occurs between the base plate 1 and the top plate 2. If a corner of the punching machine deviates from the set value due to vibration or load changes, the roller 11 of the displacement sensor 10 will contact the first or second trigger part of the trigger block 9 and trigger a signal. For example, when the punching machine height is too low, the roller 11 may contact the first trigger part; when the punching machine height is too high, the roller 11 may contact the second trigger part.

[0086] The signal is sent to the control system to control the inflation or deflation of the gas spring 3. When the press height is detected to be too low, the control system instructs the gas spring 3 to inflate, increasing its internal air pressure and raising the top plate 2, thus restoring the press to the set height. Conversely, when the press height is detected to be too high, the control system instructs the gas spring 3 to deflate, reducing its internal air pressure and lowering the top plate 2. In this way, the air cushion anti-vibration foot can monitor the press's level in real time and automatically compensate and adjust, achieving automatic leveling of the press during operation. This avoids the time-consuming and labor-intensive disadvantages of traditional manual leveling and provides an active control mechanism, significantly improving the press's operational stability and machining accuracy.

[0087] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A horizontally automatically adjustable anti-vibration foot for supporting and reducing vibration in a punch press, characterized in that, include: - Bottom plate (1) and top plate (2); - Gas spring (3), which is disposed between the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2), and its upper and lower ends are respectively connected to the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2). - Multiple damping devices are distributed between the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2), each damping device comprising: - A damping cylinder (5) is installed on the lower end face of the top plate (2); - A pair of damping mating plates (6) are fixed to the upper end face of the base plate (1), and the damping cylinder (5) is located between the two pairs of damping mating plates (6); - The damping cylinder (5) is a bidirectional output cylinder, with friction plates (7) respectively provided at its two output ends. The damping cylinder (5) drives the friction plates (7) to move outward and press against the corresponding damping mating plate (6), thereby generating friction damping force.

2. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the gas spring (3) is provided with a gas spring upper cover plate (31), and the lower end of the gas spring (3) is provided with a gas spring lower base plate (32). The gas spring (3) is connected to the top plate (2) through the gas spring upper cover plate (31) and to the bottom plate (1) through the gas spring lower base plate (32).

3. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The damping cylinder (5) is mounted on the lower end face of the top plate (2) via a cylinder mounting base (4), and the cylinder mounting base (4) is fixedly connected to the top plate (2).

4. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes an automatic inflation / deflation control mechanism, which comprises: - Mounting bracket (8) fixed to the lower end face of the top plate (2); - A trigger block (9) is adjustablely mounted on the mounting bracket (8), the trigger block (9) having a first trigger part and a second trigger part arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction; - A displacement sensor (10) is installed on one of the damping mating plates (6), and the trigger end of the displacement sensor (10) is located between the first trigger part and the second trigger part; - When the base plate (1) moves relative to the top plate (2), the trigger end of the displacement sensor (10) contacts the first trigger part or the second trigger part and triggers a signal, which is used to control the inflation or deflation of the gas spring (3).

5. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 4, characterized in that, The trigger end of the displacement sensor (10) is a roller (11), and the displacement sensor (10) is a roller-type limit switch or a roller-type proximity switch.

6. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 4, characterized in that, The trigger block (9) has a U-shaped plate structure, and the upper and lower side plates of the U-shaped plate respectively constitute the first trigger part and the second trigger part.

7. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 4, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (8) is provided with a strip hole (12), and the trigger block (9) is installed in the strip hole (12) by fasteners to manually adjust the lifting height of the trigger block (9).

8. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas spring (3) is a single-cavity gas spring or a double-cavity gas spring, and is connected to an inflation valve and an deflation valve.

9. The air cushion shock-absorbing foot according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of damping devices is four, which are respectively set at the four corners of the bottom plate (1) and the top plate (2).

10. A punch press, characterized in that, It includes four air cushion anti-vibration feet as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, the four air cushion anti-vibration feet being respectively disposed at the four corners of the punch press body (100) for shock absorption and leveling of the punch press.

11. The punch press according to claim 10, characterized in that, The leveling includes automatic leveling; after the punch press changes the stamping die, if the machine body tilts due to different die weights or center of gravity deviation, the automatic inflation and deflation control mechanism independently adjusts the air spring pressure of each air cushion anti-vibration foot so that the punch press body (100) automatically returns to level.

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