Uniform-temperature type multi-component high-voltage fused salt electric heating method

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a uniform-temperature type multi-component high-voltage fused salt electric heating method, and relates to the technical field of fused salt electric heating, and the method comprises the following steps: mixing multi-component fused salt according to a ratio, carrying out vacuum drying to remove impurities, and pre-melting at a low temperature to remove bubbles; high-temperature-resistant conductive electrodes are selected for matrix type partition arrangement, independent regulation and control modules are arranged, and surface coating treatment is carried out; voltage gradients are set in a segmented mode according to molten salt characteristics; the stirring speed is linked with the temperature gradient, and partitioned infrared auxiliary heat compensation is achieved; parameters such as temperature, voltage and current are monitored in a distributed manner; the central control system dynamically adjusts various parameters according to the monitoring data; reducing pressure and preserving heat after the target temperature is reached, and keeping the temperature stable. According to the method, the temperature uniformity and the component stability of the molten salt are greatly improved, electrode corrosion is effectively inhibited, and the heating energy efficiency is higher; the method has dynamic voltage adaptation and rapid fault response capabilities, is high in scene adaptability, supports cyclic utilization of fused salt, is safe and reliable, is convenient to operate, and meets the heating requirements of multiple fields.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of molten salt electric heating technology, specifically to a uniform temperature type multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method. Background Technology

[0002] Multicomponent molten salts, with their high boiling point, wide temperature range, good thermal stability, and electrical conductivity, are widely used in large-scale energy storage, chemical synthesis, and metallurgical purification. High-voltage electric heating, due to its high energy conversion efficiency and fast heating rate, has become the mainstream technology for molten salt heating. Its core requirements are achieving uniform temperature distribution in the molten salt, maintaining component stability, and ensuring long-term reliable system operation. In large-scale energy storage power plants, molten salts need to maintain a uniform temperature at hundreds of degrees Celsius to ensure energy storage and release efficiency. In chemical synthesis, the uniformity of molten salt temperature directly affects the reaction rate and product purity. In the metallurgical field, stable molten salt composition and a uniform temperature environment are crucial for ensuring metal purification. However, the electrical conductivity of multicomponent molten salts is significantly affected by temperature and component ratios. Uneven electric field distribution and localized energy concentration are prone to occur during high-voltage heating, hindering further improvements in their application.

[0003] Existing high-voltage molten salt electric heating methods suffer from numerous technical shortcomings. Insufficient temperature uniformity control is a core pain point. Traditional electrode arrangements often employ a single-region centralized layout, leading to significant temperature gradients within the molten salt. Excessively high temperatures in localized hot spots can trigger the volatilization and decomposition of molten salt components, while localized cold zones negatively impact overall heating efficiency. While some methods incorporate stirring devices, they lack dynamic linkage with temperature distribution, making it difficult to precisely eliminate temperature differences. The component stability of multi-component molten salts faces challenges. Under high-temperature conditions, some salt components are prone to volatilization, oxidation, or chemical reactions, resulting in changes in molten salt resistivity and an increase in melting point, thus affecting heating stability and service life. Existing technologies lack targeted component control mechanisms; simple inert gas protection alone is insufficient to completely suppress component loss. Electrode system corrosion is a prominent issue. The combined effects of high voltage, high temperature, and the strong corrosiveness of molten salt exacerbate electrode surface oxidation and electrochemical corrosion, shortening electrode life. This not only increases maintenance costs but may also lead to contamination of the molten salt by electrode corrosion products, further damaging its performance.

[0004] Furthermore, existing methods lack dynamic adaptability in voltage regulation, often employing fixed voltage gradient heating, which struggles to address the dynamic characteristics of molten salt resistivity varying with temperature and composition. This leads to fluctuating heating rates and decreased energy efficiency. Insufficient energy efficiency optimization during heating results in significant heat loss from the container's outer wall, and the lack of intelligent scheduling in electrode unit combinations leads to ineffective energy consumption. Inadequate emergency protection mechanisms cause delayed responses to faults such as over-temperature, over-pressure, and molten salt leakage, potentially posing safety risks. Additionally, existing methods have poor scenario adaptability; changing the molten salt system or adjusting target parameters requires complex parameter re-tuning, which is cumbersome and inefficient. These issues collectively result in existing high-voltage molten salt electric heating methods failing to meet the demands of high-end applications in terms of temperature uniformity, stability, reliability, energy efficiency, and adaptability. Therefore, an innovative technical solution that systematically addresses these pain points is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a uniform temperature type multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method.

[0006] This invention provides a uniform-temperature, multi-component, high-voltage molten salt electric heating method, comprising the following steps: S1: Multi-component molten salt pretreatment step, screening multi-component molten salt components with high stability and low melting point, mixing them according to a preset ratio and then drying them to remove impurities. Vacuum drying is used to avoid oxidation. Then the mixed salt is put into a heating container and pre-melted at low temperature to remove air bubbles. S2: Electrode system layout steps: Design the electrode spacing according to the size of the heating container and the volume of molten salt, divide the electrodes into independent working units, each unit is equipped with an independent current and voltage control module, the electrode surface is treated with an anti-oxidation coating, and the insertion depth into the molten salt is dynamically adjusted according to the molten salt level. S3: High voltage gradient setting step. Based on the conductivity characteristics of the multi-component molten salt and the target heating rate, the initial voltage gradient is set, and a segmented voltage boosting strategy is adopted. The voltage boosting interval of each segment is dynamically adjusted according to the change of molten salt resistivity. S4: Temperature control step, start the mechanical stirring device, the stirring rate is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature distribution gradient of the molten salt, and at the same time, set up a zoned infrared auxiliary heating unit on the outer periphery of the heating container, and supplement the heat to the low temperature area through the data feedback from the distributed temperature sensor. S5: Real-time monitoring steps include deploying a distributed temperature sensor array to collect molten salt temperature data, recording the working parameters of each electrode unit through a voltage and current monitor, obtaining changes in the conductivity of molten salt using an online resistivity monitoring device, and simultaneously monitoring the molten salt level, the amount of bubbles generated, and the corrosion status of the container's inner wall. S6: Feedback adjustment step, which transmits monitoring data to the central control system, analyzes temperature uniformity, energy efficiency indicators and molten salt stability through preset algorithms, dynamically adjusts system operating parameters and starts corresponding protection programs based on the analysis results; S7: Heating termination and heat preservation steps. When the overall temperature of the molten salt reaches the target value and the temperature uniformity meets the requirements, the voltage is gradually reduced to the heat preservation voltage level. At the same time, the mechanical stirring device is turned off, and the insulation layer on the outer periphery of the container and the constant temperature control system are used.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature field uniformity optimization step, which involves constructing a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model to adjust the heating intensity and stirring parameters in each region, expressed as:

[0008] in for Coordinates in molten salt at time The temperature at that location The initial temperature, To apply voltage, The resistivity of molten salt, Heating time, The specific heat capacity of molten salt at constant pressure. The density of molten salt, The volume of the molten salt. This is the temperature gradient correction factor; The heating container is along Shaft size factor, The temperature compensation value is determined by the stirring action; a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model is used to predict the temperature distribution at different locations and adjust the electrode power and stirring parameters in advance.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a multi-component molten salt component stability control step, in which a high-temperature stabilizer is added in proportion during the molten salt pretreatment stage. This stabilizer forms a composite structure with the main molten salt component, inhibiting the volatilization and decomposition of the component at high temperature. The resistivity, melting point and viscosity changes of the molten salt are monitored in real time. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset stability range, the proportion of molten salt components is maintained by quantitatively replenishing the lost component or adjusting the heating temperature range.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes electrode corrosion prevention and life extension steps. The electrode material is selected from silicon nitride combined with silicon carbide or molybdenum alloy, and the surface is coated with yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide coating. Corrosion redundancy length is reserved when the electrodes are arranged. The corrosion status of the electrode surface is detected by ultrasonic testing at regular intervals. When the corrosion depth reaches the preset threshold, the backup electrode unit is switched and the damaged electrode is replaced.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a high-voltage dynamic adaptation step. Based on the dynamic variation of molten salt resistivity with temperature and composition, a voltage adaptive adjustment model is constructed, with the expression as follows:

[0012] in for The applied voltage at any given time, The reference voltage, The resistivity influence coefficient, for molten salt resistivity at any given time The initial resistivity, This is the temperature correction factor. for The average temperature of the molten salt at any given time. For the target temperature, This is the current integral compensation coefficient. for The current value at any given time; the applied voltage is adjusted in real time based on the voltage adaptive adjustment model.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a heating energy efficiency optimization step, which recovers the heat dissipation from the outer wall of the heating container and converts it into preheating energy for the molten salt pretreatment stage. At the same time, it optimizes the start-up and shutdown combination of the electrode working units according to the target heating temperature and the amount of molten salt. In the low temperature stage, some electrode units are started to reduce the initial power. In the high temperature stage, the number of working units is increased or decreased according to the temperature uniformity requirements. The heating energy efficiency ratio is calculated in real time. When the energy efficiency ratio is lower than the preset threshold, the voltage gradient and stirring parameters are adjusted.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes emergency protection and fault handling procedures, preset fault thresholds, and when the monitoring data triggers any fault threshold, the emergency power-off procedure is immediately initiated to cut off the high voltage input. At the same time, the cooling auxiliary system is activated to reduce the temperature of the molten salt. In the event of molten salt leakage, the inert gas isolation device is activated. The system automatically records various parameters at the time of the fault, generates a fault diagnosis report and pushes it to the control terminal to guide the operators in subsequent handling.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes multi-scenario adaptation and adjustment steps. For different application scenarios, it presets heating parameter templates for target temperature, heating rate and molten salt system requirements. When changing the molten salt system or application scenario, the corresponding template can be called and fine-tuned. It also supports custom parameter settings. Operators can adjust various heating parameters according to actual needs. The system simulates the heating effect after parameter adjustment in real time to help optimize parameter configuration.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a molten salt recycling process. After the heating task is completed, the molten salt is cooled to a preset temperature range for filtration and purification to remove impurities and corrosion products generated during the heating process. The purification accuracy is improved by combining vacuum filtration and membrane separation. The purified molten salt is dried to restore its initial conductivity and component stability, and then stored in a sealed container for later use.

[0017] Furthermore, it also includes remote monitoring and data traceability steps. Through IoT technology, various operating parameters of the heating system are uploaded to the cloud platform in real time. Operators can remotely view the data through mobile terminals or computers, and remotely start and stop the heating system and adjust parameters are supported. The system automatically records the entire operation data, and the data storage period can be set according to needs.

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, the uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method of this invention achieves precise control of the molten salt temperature field by combining a matrix-style partitioned electrode arrangement, a segmented voltage boosting strategy, and a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model. The mechanical stirring rate and temperature gradient are dynamically linked, and the partitioned infrared auxiliary heating unit precisely replenishes heat in low-temperature areas, effectively eliminating local hot and cold zones, significantly improving the overall temperature uniformity of the molten salt, providing a stable temperature environment for subsequent applications, and avoiding product quality fluctuations or system efficiency reductions caused by temperature unevenness.

[0019] Furthermore, regarding composition and system stability, the addition of high-temperature stabilizers and the synergistic effect of inert gas protection inhibit the volatilization, decomposition, and oxidation of molten salt components. Through real-time monitoring and component replenishment mechanisms, the molten salt ratio is maintained stably, ensuring its long-term reliable conductivity and thermal stability. The combined application of anti-oxidation coatings and corrosion inhibitors on the electrode surface constructs multiple anti-corrosion barriers, reduces the electrochemical corrosion rate, extends electrode lifespan, reduces corrosion product contamination of the molten salt, and simultaneously reserves corrosion redundancy length and spare electrode units, enhancing the system's continuous operation capability.

[0020] Furthermore, regarding heating efficiency and operational safety, the high-voltage dynamic adaptation model responds in real-time to changes in molten salt resistivity and temperature, precisely adjusting the applied voltage to maintain a stable heating rate while avoiding partial discharge and efficiency loss. Heat dissipation from the heating container is recovered for molten salt pretreatment, and the intelligent start-stop combination of the electrode working units significantly reduces ineffective energy consumption and improves the heating efficiency ratio. A comprehensive emergency protection mechanism provides rapid response to various faults, with emergency power outages, cooling measures, and inert gas isolation working in tandem to effectively prevent safety risks and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0021] Furthermore, in terms of ease of operation and practicality, the combination of multi-scenario preset parameter templates and custom parameter settings significantly improves the method's adaptability to different scenarios. No complex debugging is required when changing the molten salt system or adjusting target parameters, making operation highly efficient and convenient. The molten salt recycling process removes impurities and restores performance, reducing operating costs and aligning with green and low-carbon development requirements. Remote monitoring and full-process data traceability functions support real-time monitoring of system operation status and remote parameter adjustments, providing comprehensive data support for process optimization and quality control, further expanding the method's application scenarios and practical value. Overall, this method, through systematic innovation, achieves homogenization, stabilization, high efficiency, and intelligence in multi-component high-voltage molten salt heating, possessing significant industrial application value. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a uniform temperature type multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Line graph showing the temperature uniformity deviation of molten salt at different heating stages; Figure 3 Bar charts showing the component retention rates of different molten salt systems; Figure 4 This is a scatter plot showing the relationship between electrode runtime and corrosion rate. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the technical or scientific terms used in the embodiments of this invention should be understood in their ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "comprising" or "including," as used in the embodiments of this invention, do not limit the shapes, numbers, steps, actions, operations, components, elements, and / or groups thereof mentioned, nor do they exclude the appearance or addition of one or more other different shapes, numbers, steps, actions, operations, components, elements, and / or groups thereof, or the inclusion of these.

[0026] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the accompanying drawings are not drawn to actual scale, and techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail; however, where appropriate, the illustrated techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification. In all the examples shown and discussed herein, any other specific example may have different values.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with that embodiment or example, which are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In the embodiments of the present invention, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in the embodiments of the present invention, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0028] Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this embodiment of the invention relates to a uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Multi-component molten salt pretreatment step. Screen multi-component molten salt components with high stability and low melting point, mix them according to the preset ratio, and then dry them to remove impurities. The drying temperature is controlled in the range where the moisture is completely removed and no components volatilize. Vacuum drying is used to avoid oxidation. Then, the mixed salt material is put into a heating container and pre-melted at low temperature to remove bubbles generated during the melting process.

[0030] Step S2: Electrode system arrangement steps. Select electrode materials that are resistant to high temperature and corrosion and have excellent conductivity. Design the electrode spacing according to the size of the heating container and the volume of molten salt. Use a matrix-style partitioned arrangement to divide the electrodes into multiple independent working units. Each unit is equipped with an independent current and voltage control module. The electrode surface is treated with an anti-oxidation coating. The insertion depth into the molten salt is dynamically adjusted according to the molten salt level. The electrodes are in full contact with the molten salt and do not touch the bottom of the container.

[0031] Step S3, High Voltage Gradient Setting Step: Based on the conductivity characteristics of the multi-component molten salt and the target heating rate, an initial voltage gradient is set. A segmented voltage boosting strategy is adopted. In the initial stage, a low voltage gradient is started. After the molten salt temperature rises to the preset threshold, the voltage is gradually increased. The voltage boosting interval of each segment is dynamically adjusted according to the change of molten salt resistivity to reduce the overheating phenomenon caused by local electric field concentration.

[0032] Step S4, Temperature Control Step: Start the mechanical stirring device. The stirring rate is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature distribution gradient of the molten salt. When the temperature gradient is large, the stirring rate is increased. At the same time, a zoned infrared auxiliary heating unit is set on the outer periphery of the heating container. Through the data feedback from the distributed temperature sensors, the area with low temperature is precisely heated to eliminate local cold and hot spots.

[0033] Step S5: Real-time monitoring step. Deploy a distributed temperature sensor array to collect temperature data from different areas of the molten salt. Record the working parameters of each electrode unit in real time through a voltage and current monitor. Use an online resistivity monitoring device to obtain changes in the conductivity of the molten salt. Simultaneously monitor the molten salt level, the amount of bubbles generated, and the corrosion status of the inner wall of the container.

[0034] Step S6, Feedback Adjustment Step: The monitoring data is transmitted to the central control system. The system analyzes the temperature uniformity, energy efficiency index and molten salt stability through a preset algorithm. When the temperature gradient exceeds the allowable range, the stirring rate or auxiliary heating power is adjusted. When the resistivity change causes current fluctuations, the voltage gradient is dynamically corrected. When corrosion intensifies or bubbles become abnormal, the voltage is reduced and the protection program is activated.

[0035] Step S7, Heating Termination and Heat Preservation: When the overall temperature of the molten salt reaches the target value and the temperature uniformity meets the requirements, the voltage is gradually reduced to the heat preservation voltage level to maintain low power operation of the electrodes. At the same time, the mechanical stirring device is turned off. The insulation layer around the container and the constant temperature control system are used to keep the temperature of the molten salt stable within the target range, reducing the impact of temperature fluctuations on subsequent use.

[0036] The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method of this invention achieves precise control of the molten salt temperature field by combining a matrix-style partitioned electrode arrangement, a segmented voltage boosting strategy, and a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model. The mechanical stirring rate is dynamically linked to the temperature gradient, and the partitioned infrared auxiliary heating unit precisely replenishes heat in low-temperature areas, effectively eliminating local hot and cold zones and significantly improving the overall temperature uniformity of the molten salt. This provides a stable temperature environment for subsequent applications and avoids product quality fluctuations or system efficiency reductions caused by temperature unevenness.

[0037] Furthermore, regarding composition and system stability, the addition of high-temperature stabilizers and the synergistic effect of inert gas protection inhibit the volatilization, decomposition, and oxidation of molten salt components. Through real-time monitoring and component replenishment mechanisms, the molten salt ratio is maintained stably, ensuring its long-term reliable conductivity and thermal stability. The combined application of anti-oxidation coatings and corrosion inhibitors on the electrode surface constructs multiple anti-corrosion barriers, reduces the electrochemical corrosion rate, extends electrode lifespan, reduces corrosion product contamination of the molten salt, and simultaneously reserves corrosion redundancy length and spare electrode units, enhancing the system's continuous operation capability.

[0038] Furthermore, regarding heating efficiency and operational safety, the high-voltage dynamic adaptation model responds in real-time to changes in molten salt resistivity and temperature, precisely adjusting the applied voltage to maintain a stable heating rate while avoiding partial discharge and efficiency loss. Heat dissipation from the heating container is recovered for molten salt pretreatment, and the intelligent start-stop combination of the electrode working units significantly reduces ineffective energy consumption and improves the heating efficiency ratio. A comprehensive emergency protection mechanism provides rapid response to various faults, with emergency power outages, cooling measures, and inert gas isolation working in tandem to effectively prevent safety risks and ensure the safety of personnel and equipment.

[0039] Furthermore, in terms of ease of operation and practicality, the combination of multi-scenario preset parameter templates and custom parameter settings significantly improves the method's adaptability to different scenarios. No complex debugging is required when changing the molten salt system or adjusting target parameters, making operation highly efficient and convenient. The molten salt recycling process removes impurities and restores performance, reducing operating costs and aligning with green and low-carbon development requirements. Remote monitoring and full-process data traceability functions support real-time monitoring of system operation status and remote parameter adjustments, providing comprehensive data support for process optimization and quality control, further expanding the method's application scenarios and practical value. Overall, this method, through systematic innovation, achieves homogenization, stabilization, high efficiency, and intelligence in multi-component high-voltage molten salt heating, possessing significant industrial application value.

[0040] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a temperature field uniformity optimization step, which involves constructing a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model to precisely control the heating intensity and stirring parameters in each region, expressed as follows:

[0041] in for Coordinates in molten salt at time The temperature at that location The initial temperature, To apply voltage, The resistivity of molten salt, Heating time, The specific heat capacity of molten salt at constant pressure. The density of molten salt, The volume of the molten salt. This is the temperature gradient correction factor; The heating container is along Shaft size factor, This is the temperature compensation value resulting from stirring. Using a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model, the temperature distribution at different locations can be predicted, allowing for advance adjustment of electrode power and stirring parameters. This improves the uniformity of the molten salt temperature field and reduces the persistence of localized overheating or low-temperature regions.

[0042] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a multi-component molten salt component stability control step, wherein a high-temperature stabilizer is added in proportion during the molten salt pretreatment stage. The stabilizer forms a stable composite structure with the main molten salt component, inhibiting component volatilization and decomposition at high temperatures. The resistivity, melting point and viscosity changes of the molten salt are monitored in real time. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset stability range, the proportion of molten salt components is maintained stable by quantitatively replenishing the lost components or adjusting the heating temperature range. At the same time, an inert gas is introduced during the heating process to protect the components, isolate air from contact with the molten salt, and reduce the impact of oxidation reaction on component stability.

[0043] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes electrode corrosion prevention and life extension steps. The electrode material is selected as silicon nitride combined with silicon carbide or molybdenum alloy, and the surface is coated with yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide coating. The coating thickness is designed according to the heating temperature and service cycle. A corrosion redundancy length is reserved when the electrodes are arranged. The corrosion status of the electrode surface is detected by ultrasonic testing at regular intervals. When the corrosion depth reaches a preset threshold, the backup electrode unit is switched and the damaged electrode is replaced. At the same time, a trace amount of corrosion inhibitor is added to the molten salt to form a passivation film with the electrode surface to reduce the electrochemical corrosion rate.

[0044] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a high-voltage dynamic adaptation step, which constructs a voltage adaptive adjustment model based on the dynamic variation of molten salt resistivity with temperature and composition, expressed as follows:

[0045] in for The applied voltage at any given time, The reference voltage, The resistivity influence coefficient, for molten salt resistivity at any given time The initial resistivity, This is the temperature correction factor. for The average temperature of the molten salt at any given time. For the target temperature, This is the current integral compensation coefficient. for The current value at any given time. Relying on the voltage adaptive adjustment model, the applied voltage can be adjusted in real time, maintaining a stable heating rate and temperature uniformity even when the molten salt characteristics change, reducing partial discharge caused by excessively high voltage or decreased heating efficiency caused by excessively low voltage.

[0046] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a heating energy efficiency optimization step, which recovers the heat dissipation from the outer wall of the heating container and converts it into preheating energy for the molten salt pretreatment stage, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the initial heating. At the same time, the start-up and shutdown combination of the electrode working units is optimized according to the target heating temperature and the amount of molten salt used. In the low temperature stage, some electrode units are started to reduce the initial power. In the high temperature stage, the working units are flexibly increased or decreased according to the temperature uniformity requirements to reduce ineffective energy consumption. The heating energy efficiency ratio is calculated in real time. When the energy efficiency ratio is lower than a preset threshold, the voltage gradient and stirring parameters are adjusted to ensure that the heating process is efficient and energy-saving.

[0047] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes emergency protection and fault handling steps, with preset fault thresholds such as over-temperature, over-voltage, over-current, and molten salt leakage. When the monitoring data triggers any fault threshold, an emergency power-off procedure is immediately initiated to cut off the high-voltage input, and at the same time, a cooling auxiliary system is activated to reduce the temperature of the molten salt. When molten salt leakage occurs, an inert gas isolation device is activated to prevent the leaked molten salt from contacting air and causing combustion or corrosion. The system automatically records various parameters when the fault occurs, generates a fault diagnosis report, and pushes it to the control terminal to guide the operator in subsequent processing.

[0048] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a multi-scenario adaptation and adjustment step. For different application scenarios, multiple sets of heating parameter templates are preset, including electrode spacing, voltage gradient, stirring rate, and zonal temperature control logic. When changing the molten salt system or application scenario, the corresponding template can be called and fine-tuned to quickly adapt. At the same time, custom parameter settings are supported. Operators can adjust various heating parameters according to actual needs. The system simulates the heating effect after parameter adjustment in real time to assist in optimizing parameter configuration.

[0049] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a molten salt recycling process. After the heating task is completed, the molten salt is cooled to a preset temperature range for filtration and purification to remove impurities and corrosion products generated during the heating process. The purification accuracy is improved by combining vacuum filtration and membrane separation. The purified molten salt is dried to restore its initial conductivity and component stability, and then stored in a sealed container for later use. The storage environment is kept dry, low temperature, and airtight to prevent the molten salt from absorbing moisture or oxidizing, thereby realizing the recycling of molten salt and reducing usage costs.

[0050] In some embodiments, the present invention further includes a remote monitoring and data traceability step, in which various operating parameters of the heating system are uploaded to the cloud platform in real time through Internet of Things (IoT) technology. Operators can remotely view data such as temperature distribution, voltage and current, and fault status through mobile terminals or computers. The system supports remote start and stop of the heating system and adjustment of parameters. The system automatically records the entire operation data, including heating curves, parameter adjustment records, and fault handling logs. The data storage period can be set according to requirements, and the system supports multi-dimensional retrieval and traceability by time, batch, scenario, etc., providing data support for heating process optimization and quality control.

[0051] The following two examples further illustrate specific embodiments of the present invention: Example 1: Multi-component molten salt electric heating in large-scale energy storage power stations This embodiment addresses the molten salt thermal storage requirements of large-scale energy storage power stations by selecting a multi-component molten salt system consisting of sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and lithium nitrate. It aims to achieve rapid uniform heating of large-volume molten salt, long-term stable operation, and high-efficiency energy output, adapting to the day-night cycle energy storage and release characteristics of energy storage power stations.

[0052] In the multi-component molten salt pretreatment step, high-purity sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate, and lithium nitrate components were screened at a mass ratio of 50:40:10, mixed, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying and impurity removal. The drying temperature was set at 130℃ and continued for 8 hours to ensure complete removal of moisture and no component volatilization. The dried mixed salt was then placed in a stainless steel heating container, and a low-temperature pre-melting program was initiated, slowly raising the temperature to 180℃ to allow the salt to initially melt. This temperature was maintained for 2 hours to remove dissolved gases and bubbles generated during the melting process, preventing bubbles from affecting the uniformity of electrode conductivity. During the pretreatment stage, yttrium oxide high-temperature stabilizer was added at 0.3% of the total molten salt mass to inhibit component volatilization and decomposition at high temperatures.

[0053] In the electrode system arrangement, silicon nitride combined with silicon carbide is selected as the electrode material, with a 50 to 100 micrometer thick yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide coating on the surface. The coating is subjected to high-temperature sintering treatment to improve adhesion. Based on the dimensions of the heating container (5 meters in diameter, 8 meters in height) and the requirement of a molten salt filling volume of 150 cubic meters, the electrode spacing is designed to be 1.5 meters, using an 8×8 matrix partitioned arrangement. The 64 electrodes are divided into 8 independent working units, each equipped with an independent thyristor current and voltage control module. The initial electrode insertion depth into the molten salt is set to 80% of the molten salt level, dynamically adjusted based on feedback data from the level sensor to ensure full contact between the electrode and the molten salt, with the bottom of the electrode 0.5 meters from the bottom of the container.

[0054] In the high voltage gradient setting step, the resistivity of the multi-component molten salt at 200℃ is 1.2Ω. The conductivity characteristics of the molten salt are considered, with a target heating rate of 5℃ / h and an initial voltage gradient of 5V / cm. A three-stage voltage boost strategy is adopted. Initially, a low voltage gradient of 5V / cm is used to start the process. Once the molten salt temperature reaches 300℃, the voltage gradient is increased to 8V / cm. Before reaching the target holding temperature of 400℃, a transition gradient of 6V / cm is applied. The interval between each voltage boost is dynamically adjusted based on changes in the molten salt resistivity. Data is acquired in real time using an online resistivity monitoring device. When the resistivity change rate exceeds 5%, the voltage boost interval is extended to 1 hour.

[0055] During the temperature equalization control step, a dual-blade mechanical stirring device is activated, and the stirring rate is dynamically adjusted based on the temperature gradient fed back by distributed temperature sensors. When the temperature gradient is greater than 3°C, the stirring rate is increased to 150 rpm; when the temperature gradient is less than 1°C, the stirring rate is reduced to 80 rpm. Four-zone infrared auxiliary heating units are set around the outer perimeter of the heating container, arranged in four directions (up, down, left, and right). The power of each unit is independently adjustable. Based on feedback data from 20 distributed temperature sensors located in different areas of the molten salt, the infrared auxiliary heating unit in the corresponding direction is activated for areas where the temperature is more than 2°C below the average temperature. The power adjustment range is 5% to 15% of the total heating power, precisely supplementing heat and eliminating localized cold and hot spots.

[0056] In the real-time monitoring step, a distributed temperature sensor array is evenly distributed at a density of one sensor per 7.5 cubic meters to collect temperature data from different areas of the molten salt, with a sampling frequency of once per minute. Voltage and current monitors record the operating parameters of each electrode unit in real time, including applied voltage, operating current, and power consumption. An online resistivity monitoring device acquires molten salt resistivity data every 5 minutes. Level sensors, bubble monitors, and corrosion sensors are deployed simultaneously to monitor changes in molten salt level, bubble generation, and the corrosion status of the container's inner wall, respectively. All monitoring data is transmitted to the central control system via an industrial bus.

[0057] In the feedback adjustment process, the central control system analyzes temperature uniformity, energy efficiency, and molten salt stability using a preset algorithm. When the temperature gradient exceeds the allowable range of 2°C, it automatically adjusts the stirring rate or the power of the corresponding infrared auxiliary heating unit. When resistivity changes cause current fluctuations exceeding 10%, it dynamically corrects the voltage gradient to ensure a stable heating rate. When the corrosion sensor detects that the corrosion rate exceeds a preset threshold or the bubble monitor shows an abnormal increase in the number of bubbles, the system automatically reduces the voltage by 10% and initiates a protection program, while simultaneously issuing a warning signal.

[0058] During the heating termination and heat preservation steps, when the overall temperature of the molten salt reaches the target value of 400℃ and the temperature deviation of each area is less than 1℃, the voltage is gradually reduced to the heat preservation voltage level of 3V / cm to maintain low-power operation of the electrodes. The mechanical stirring device is turned off, and the 50mm thick aluminum silicate fiber insulation layer on the outer periphery of the container and the constant temperature control system are used to maintain the molten salt temperature stable within the target range of 400±2℃ to meet the heat storage requirements of the energy storage power station.

[0059] Energy efficiency optimization measures are incorporated into the heating process. Heat is recovered through heat pipes on the outer wall of the container and transferred to the vacuum drying oven for molten salt pretreatment as preheating energy to reduce initial heating energy consumption. During the low-temperature stage, only four electrode working units are activated to reduce initial power. During the high-temperature stage, the number of working units is flexibly increased or decreased according to temperature uniformity requirements. The heating energy efficiency ratio is calculated in real time, and when the energy efficiency ratio is below 0.85, the voltage gradient and stirring parameters are adjusted. For emergency protection, preset over-temperature thresholds of 420℃, over-voltage thresholds of 10V / cm, and over-current thresholds of 50A are implemented. If any of these thresholds is triggered by monitoring data, an emergency power-off procedure is immediately initiated, cutting off the high-voltage input and simultaneously activating the cooling auxiliary system to reduce the molten salt temperature. In the event of molten salt leakage, a nitrogen isolation device is activated.

[0060] After the heating process is completed, a molten salt recycling step is performed. The molten salt is cooled to 200℃ and filtered for purification. Impurities and corrosion products are removed using a combination of vacuum filtration and ceramic membrane separation. The purified molten salt is then vacuum-dried at 130℃ for 4 hours to restore its initial conductivity and component stability, and subsequently stored in a sealed stainless steel container for later use. The entire process is remotely monitored using IoT technology. Operators can remotely view data such as temperature distribution, voltage, current, and fault status via computer terminals. Remote start / stop and parameter adjustments are supported. The system automatically records all operational data and supports multi-dimensional retrieval and traceability by time and batch.

[0061] Table 1: Comparison of Molten Salt Heating Effects in Large-Scale Energy Storage Power Stations

[0062] Table 1 clearly demonstrates the significant advantages of this invention in large-scale energy storage power station scenarios. Traditional heating methods suffer from large temperature uniformity deviations, local hot spots that easily lead to molten salt component volatilization, low component retention rates, severe electrode corrosion, short service life, low energy efficiency, and delayed fault response. This invention, through a matrix-style zoned electrode arrangement, dynamic stirring, and zoned auxiliary heating working in synergy, controls temperature uniformity deviations to within 1°C. High-temperature stabilizers and inert gas protection maintain a molten salt component retention rate of over 98%, while the combined effect of electrode coating and corrosion inhibitors extends service life to over 3000 hours. Heat recovery and intelligent scheduling of electrode units improve energy efficiency, and a comprehensive emergency protection mechanism reduces fault response time to 3 seconds, fully meeting the long-term stable, efficient, and safe operation requirements of energy storage power stations.

[0063] Example 2: Electric heating of multi-component molten salt for chemical synthesis This embodiment addresses the molten salt heating requirements of chemical synthesis reactions by selecting a multi-component molten salt system of potassium chloride, lithium chloride, and magnesium chloride. It is necessary to achieve precise temperature control, stable component characteristics, and heating rate adjustment to adapt to different reaction stages, so as to ensure the purity of reaction products and reaction efficiency.

[0064] In the multi-component molten salt pretreatment step, high-purity potassium chloride, lithium chloride, and magnesium chloride components were screened at a mass ratio of 60:30:10, mixed, and then placed in a vacuum drying oven for drying to remove impurities. The drying temperature was set at 150℃ and continued for 6 hours to ensure complete removal of moisture and no component volatilization. The dried mixed salt was then placed in a Hastelloy heating container, and a low-temperature pre-melting program was initiated. The temperature was slowly raised to 220℃ to allow the salt to initially melt, and the mixture was held at this temperature for 1.5 hours to remove air bubbles generated during the melting process. During the pretreatment stage, cerium oxide high-temperature stabilizer was added at 0.2% of the total mass of the molten salt to inhibit component volatilization and chemical reactions at high temperatures.

[0065] In the electrode system arrangement, molybdenum alloy is selected as the electrode material, coated with an 80-120 micrometer thick yttrium-stabilized zirconia coating, and then cured at high temperature. Based on the heating container's dimensions of 2 meters in diameter and 3 meters in height, and the requirement of an 8 cubic meter molten salt filling volume, the electrode spacing is designed to be 1 meter, using a 4×4 matrix layout. This divides the 16 electrodes into 4 independent working units, each equipped with an independent current and voltage control module. The initial electrode insertion depth into the molten salt is set to 75% of the molten salt level, dynamically adjusted based on data from a level sensor to ensure full contact between the electrode and the molten salt, with the bottom of the electrode 0.3 meters from the bottom of the container. A 5-centimeter corrosion redundancy length is reserved during the arrangement.

[0066] In the high voltage gradient setting step, the resistivity of the multi-component molten salt at 250°C is 0.8Ω. The conductivity characteristics of the molten salt were considered, with a target heating rate of 3℃ / h and an initial voltage gradient of 4V / cm. A four-stage voltage ramp strategy was adopted: initial voltage ramp at 4V / cm, increasing to 6V / cm after reaching 300℃, adjusting to 7V / cm at 350℃, and decreasing to a transition gradient of 5V / cm before reaching the target reaction temperature of 400℃. The interval between each voltage ramp was dynamically adjusted according to the change in molten salt resistivity; when the resistivity change rate exceeded 3%, the voltage ramp interval was extended to 40 minutes.

[0067] During the temperature equalization control step, a single-blade mechanical stirrer is activated, and the stirring rate is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature gradient. When the temperature gradient is greater than 2℃, the stirring rate is increased to 120 rpm; when the temperature gradient is less than 0.8℃, the stirring rate is reduced to 60 rpm. Infrared auxiliary heating units are arranged in two zones on the outer periphery of the heating container, with each unit's power independently adjustable. Based on feedback data from 10 distributed temperature sensors located in different areas of the molten salt, the infrared auxiliary heating unit in the corresponding zone is activated for areas where the temperature is more than 1.5℃ below the average temperature, with the power adjustment range being 3% to 10% of the total heating power.

[0068] In the real-time monitoring process, distributed temperature sensors are arranged at a density of one sensor per 0.8 cubic meters to collect temperature data from different areas of the molten salt, with a sampling frequency of 30 seconds per sampling. Voltage and current monitors record the operating parameters of each electrode unit in real time, and online resistivity monitoring devices acquire molten salt resistivity data every 3 minutes. Level sensors, bubble monitors, and corrosion sensors are deployed simultaneously to monitor the molten salt level, bubble generation, and corrosion status of the container's inner wall. All monitoring data is transmitted to the central control system.

[0069] In the feedback adjustment process, the central control system analyzes various indicators using a preset algorithm. When the temperature gradient exceeds the allowable range of 1.5℃, the stirring rate or auxiliary heating power is adjusted; when the current fluctuation due to resistivity change exceeds 8%, the voltage gradient is dynamically corrected; when increased corrosion or abnormal bubbles are detected, the voltage is reduced by 8% and the protection program is activated. The system has three preset heating parameter templates, adapted to three target reaction temperatures of 350℃, 380℃, and 400℃ respectively. When changing reaction conditions, the corresponding template can be called and fine-tuned for quick adaptation. It also supports custom parameter settings, and the system simulates the adjustment effect in real time.

[0070] During the heating termination and heat preservation steps, when the overall temperature of the molten salt reaches the target reaction temperature and the temperature deviation of each area is less than 0.8℃, the voltage is gradually reduced to a heat preservation voltage level of 2.5V / cm to maintain low-power operation of the electrodes. The mechanical stirring device is turned off, and the molten salt temperature is kept stable within the target reaction temperature range of ±1℃ by utilizing the 40mm thick rock wool insulation layer around the container and the constant temperature control system.

[0071] Energy efficiency optimization measures are incorporated into the heating process. Heat is transferred to the pre-treatment vacuum drying oven through a heat dissipation and recovery device on the outer wall of the container. Two electrode working units are activated during the low-temperature stage, and the number of working units is adjusted according to the temperature uniformity requirements during the high-temperature stage. The heating energy efficiency ratio is calculated in real time, and parameters are adjusted when it is lower than 0.88. In terms of emergency protection, preset over-temperature thresholds are set to be 20°C higher than the target temperature, over-voltage thresholds are 8V / cm, and over-current thresholds are 30A. If any of these thresholds are triggered, an emergency power cut-off is immediately initiated and the cooling system is activated. In case of leakage, the argon gas isolation device is activated.

[0072] After the heating process is completed, a molten salt recycling step is performed. The molten salt is cooled to 220℃ and filtered for purification. Impurities are removed using a combination of vacuum filtration and metal membrane separation. The purified molten salt is then vacuum-dried at 140℃ for 3 hours to restore its conductivity and compositional stability, and stored in a sealed alloy container for later use. Remote monitoring is supported throughout the process. Operators can view data, remotely start / stop, and adjust parameters via mobile terminals. The system automatically records operational data and supports multi-dimensional retrieval and traceability.

[0073] Table 2: Comparison of Heating Effects of Molten Salts in Chemical Synthesis

[0074] Table 2 data fully demonstrates the core advantages of this invention in chemical synthesis scenarios. Traditional heating methods suffer from poor temperature uniformity, and the molten salt composition is prone to change, leading to large resistivity fluctuations, which in turn affect the reaction rate and product purity. Furthermore, electrode corrosion rates are high and energy consumption is severely wasteful. This invention, through a precise temperature uniformity control strategy, keeps the temperature uniformity deviation within 0.8℃. High-temperature stabilizers and component replenishment mechanisms keep the molten salt resistivity change rate within 2%, providing a stable environment for the chemical reaction and increasing the purity of the reaction product to over 99.5%. Electrode coatings, corrosion inhibitors, and corrosion redundancy design significantly reduce the electrode corrosion rate. Heat recovery and intelligent power scheduling achieve significant energy consumption reduction. Parameter templates and custom settings adapt to different reaction conditions, fully meeting the stringent requirements of chemical synthesis for temperature accuracy, component stability, and energy efficiency.

[0075] Reference Figure 2This line graph visually demonstrates the significant advantage of this invention in terms of temperature uniformity throughout the entire molten salt heating cycle. Traditional heating methods, due to concentrated electrode arrangement and a fixed stirring rate, suffer from temperature deviations as high as 6.5℃ in the initial heating stage due to incomplete melting of the molten salt. Even after the deviation decreases in the later stages, it still remains above 4.8℃, and rises again during the holding phase due to uneven heat distribution. This invention, through a matrix-style partitioned electrode arrangement to disperse the electric field, dynamically adjusts the stirring rate according to the temperature gradient, and combines this with partitioned infrared auxiliary heating for precise heat replenishment. The initial heating deviation is only 1.2℃, decreasing to 0.7℃ in the later stages, and remaining stable within 1℃ during the holding phase. This low-deviation characteristic throughout the entire cycle avoids the decomposition of molten salt components caused by localized hot spots and solves the problem of cold zones affecting heating efficiency, providing a stable temperature environment for the application of molten salt in energy storage, chemical, and other scenarios.

[0076] Reference Figure 3 This bar chart demonstrates the component stability control capability of this invention for various multi-component molten salt systems. Traditional heating methods achieve component retention rates below 90% in various molten salt systems. Due to the lack of targeted stabilization measures at high temperatures, problems such as nitrate volatilization and chloride oxidative decomposition easily occur, and the retention rates fluctuate significantly between different systems. This invention adds a suitable high-temperature stabilizer according to the characteristics of the molten salt during the pretreatment stage, introduces an inert gas to isolate air during heating, and simultaneously monitors component changes in real time and quantitatively replenishes lost components. This ensures that the component retention rate of various molten salt systems is stabilized above 97.5%, with minimal differences between different systems, demonstrating strong adaptability. This solves the pain points of poor component stability and limited system adaptability of traditional methods.

[0077] Reference Figure 4 The scatter plot clearly reflects the effective corrosion inhibition effect of this invention on electrodes. Traditional electrodes, lacking targeted anti-corrosion treatment, experience a rapid increase in corrosion rate with operating time under the combined effects of high voltage and high-temperature molten salt. After 2500 hours of operation, the corrosion rate reaches 0.18 μm / h, making the electrodes prone to corrosion failure and limiting their service life to less than 1500 hours. The electrodes of this invention utilize silicon nitride combined with silicon carbide or molybdenum alloy substrates, coated with a yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide coating. Simultaneously, a trace amount of corrosion inhibitor is added to the molten salt to form a passivation film. Throughout the entire operating cycle, the corrosion rate remains stable at 0.02-0.03 μm / h, without a significant upward trend, significantly extending electrode life and reducing equipment maintenance costs and the risk of molten salt contamination.

[0078] It is understood that the above embodiments are merely exemplary implementations used to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Multi-component molten salt pretreatment step, screening multi-component molten salt components with high stability and low melting point, mixing them according to a preset ratio and then drying them to remove impurities. Vacuum drying is used to avoid oxidation. Then the mixed salt is put into a heating container and pre-melted at low temperature to remove air bubbles. S2: Electrode system layout steps: Design the electrode spacing according to the size of the heating container and the volume of molten salt, divide the electrodes into independent working units, each unit is equipped with an independent current and voltage control module, the electrode surface is treated with an anti-oxidation coating, and the insertion depth into the molten salt is dynamically adjusted according to the molten salt level. S3: High voltage gradient setting step. Based on the conductivity characteristics of the multi-component molten salt and the target heating rate, the initial voltage gradient is set, and a segmented voltage boosting strategy is adopted. The voltage boosting interval of each segment is dynamically adjusted according to the change of molten salt resistivity. S4: Temperature control step, start the mechanical stirring device, the stirring rate is dynamically adjusted according to the temperature distribution gradient of the molten salt, and at the same time, set up a zoned infrared auxiliary heating unit on the outer periphery of the heating container, and supplement the heat to the low temperature area through the data feedback from the distributed temperature sensor. S5: Real-time monitoring steps include deploying a distributed temperature sensor array to collect molten salt temperature data, recording the working parameters of each electrode unit through a voltage and current monitor, obtaining changes in the conductivity of molten salt using an online resistivity monitoring device, and simultaneously monitoring the molten salt level, the amount of bubbles generated, and the corrosion status of the container's inner wall. S6: Feedback adjustment step, which transmits monitoring data to the central control system, analyzes temperature uniformity, energy efficiency indicators and molten salt stability through preset algorithms, dynamically adjusts system operating parameters and starts corresponding protection programs based on the analysis results; S7: Heating termination and heat preservation steps. When the overall temperature of the molten salt reaches the target value and the temperature uniformity meets the requirements, the voltage is gradually reduced to the heat preservation voltage level. At the same time, the mechanical stirring device is turned off, and the insulation layer on the outer periphery of the container and the constant temperature control system are used.

2. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature field uniformity optimization step, which involves constructing a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model to adjust the heating intensity and stirring parameters in each region, expressed as: in for Coordinates in molten salt at time The temperature at that location The initial temperature, To apply voltage, The resistivity of molten salt, Heating time, The specific heat capacity of molten salt at constant pressure. The density of molten salt, The volume of the molten salt. This is the temperature gradient correction factor; The heating container is along Shaft size factor, The temperature compensation value is determined by the stirring action; a three-dimensional temperature field distribution correction model is used to predict the temperature distribution at different locations and adjust the electrode power and stirring parameters in advance.

3. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a multi-component molten salt component stability control step, in which a high-temperature stabilizer is added in proportion during the molten salt pretreatment stage. The stabilizer forms a composite structure with the main molten salt component, which inhibits the volatilization and decomposition of the component at high temperature. The resistivity, melting point and viscosity of the molten salt are monitored in real time. When the monitoring data exceeds the preset stability range, the proportion of molten salt components is maintained by quantitatively replenishing the lost component or adjusting the heating temperature range.

4. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes electrode corrosion prevention and life extension steps. The electrode material is silicon nitride combined with silicon carbide or molybdenum alloy, and the surface is coated with yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide coating. Corrosion redundancy length is reserved when the electrodes are arranged. The corrosion status of the electrode surface is detected by ultrasonic testing at regular intervals. When the corrosion depth reaches the preset threshold, the backup electrode unit is switched and the damaged electrode is replaced.

5. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a high-voltage dynamic adaptation step, which constructs a voltage adaptive adjustment model based on the dynamic variation of molten salt resistivity with temperature and composition, with the expression: in for The applied voltage at any given time, The reference voltage, The resistivity influence coefficient, for molten salt resistivity at any given time The initial resistivity, This is the temperature correction factor. for The average temperature of the molten salt at any given time. For the target temperature, This is the current integral compensation coefficient. for The current value at any given time; the applied voltage is adjusted in real time based on the voltage adaptive adjustment model.

6. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a heating energy efficiency optimization step, which recovers the heat dissipation from the outer wall of the heating container and converts it into preheating energy for the molten salt pretreatment stage. At the same time, it optimizes the start-up and shutdown combination of the electrode working units according to the target heating temperature and the amount of molten salt. In the low temperature stage, some electrode units are started to reduce the initial power. In the high temperature stage, the number of working units is increased or decreased according to the temperature uniformity requirements. The heating energy efficiency ratio is calculated in real time. When the energy efficiency ratio is lower than the preset threshold, the voltage gradient and stirring parameters are adjusted.

7. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes emergency protection and fault handling procedures, preset fault thresholds, and when the monitoring data triggers any fault threshold, the emergency power-off procedure is immediately initiated to cut off the high voltage input. At the same time, the cooling auxiliary system is activated to reduce the temperature of the molten salt. In the event of molten salt leakage, the inert gas isolation device is activated. The system automatically records various parameters when the fault occurs, generates a fault diagnosis report and pushes it to the control terminal to guide the operators in subsequent handling.

8. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes multi-scenario adaptation and adjustment steps. For different application scenarios, it presets heating parameter templates for target temperature, heating rate and molten salt system requirements. When changing the molten salt system or application scenario, the corresponding template can be called and fine-tuned. It also supports custom parameter settings. Operators can adjust various heating parameters according to actual needs. The system simulates the heating effect after parameter adjustment in real time to help optimize parameter configuration.

9. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes a molten salt recycling process. After the heating task is completed, the molten salt is cooled to a preset temperature range for filtration and purification to remove impurities and corrosion products generated during the heating process. The purification accuracy is improved by combining vacuum filtration and membrane separation. The purified molten salt is dried to restore its initial conductivity and component stability, and then stored in a sealed container for later use.

10. The uniform-temperature multi-component high-voltage molten salt electric heating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It also includes remote monitoring and data traceability steps. Through IoT technology, various operating parameters of the heating system are uploaded to the cloud platform in real time. Operators can remotely view the data through mobile terminals or computers. It supports remote start and stop of the heating system and adjustment of parameters. The system automatically records the entire operation data, and the data storage cycle can be set according to needs.

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