RTDS simulation-based cascaded energy storage system hardware-in-the-loop test method and related device
By employing a dual-channel hardware-in-the-loop interface integrating an equivalent model and a single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system, the problems of insufficient computing resources and equipment overheating in the testing of large-scale cascaded energy storage systems were solved, achieving efficient and stable simulation testing.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-19
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, RTDS simulation suffers from insufficient computing resources, poor system stability, equipment overheating, and limited scalability when testing large-scale cascaded energy storage systems. It also makes it difficult to simultaneously test complex power grid models or new energy power station models.
A dual-channel hardware-in-the-loop interface integrating an equivalent model and a single-phase cascaded energy storage model is adopted. The full-bridge submodule is equivalent to a macro model through the MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system, and a single-phase cascaded energy storage model is constructed by combining the UCM model. A suitable model is selected for testing to reduce resource consumption and improve communication speed.
It significantly reduces simulation resource consumption, improves system stability and simulation speed, avoids equipment overheating, expands test coverage, and enables simultaneous macroscopic and microscopic verification.
Smart Images
Figure CN122064068A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of simulation and testing technology, specifically relating to a hardware-in-the-loop testing method and related devices for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS (Real Time Digital Simulator, used for real-time electromagnetic transient simulation of power systems). Background Technology
[0002] Cascaded energy storage systems typically employ a modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology, offering advantages such as large single-unit capacity, high efficiency, and low harmonic content. In the product development and engineering applications of cascaded energy storage systems, hardware-in-the-loop testing is a crucial step in verifying control and protection strategies, communication logic, and fault ride-through capabilities.
[0003] Currently, while offline simulation software such as PSCAD / EMTDC and MATLAB / Simulink can perform accurate electromagnetic transient analysis, they cannot interact with real physical controllers in real time, making it difficult to expose timing coordination, communication delays, and hardware interface problems that may occur in actual operation of the controller.
[0004] RTDS, as the mainstream real-time digital simulation system in the industry, can provide microsecond-level real-time response and is the preferred tool for testing cascaded energy storage HIL (Hardware-in-the-Loop). However, with the increase in voltage levels and capacity of cascaded energy storage systems, the number of energy storage sub-modules (H-bridges or half-bridges and battery packs) has increased dramatically (from dozens to hundreds or even thousands). Detailed modeling of each sub-module in RTDS (including switching devices, filters, and battery body models) consumes enormous computational resources. This often makes RTDS hardware resources a bottleneck in the simulation of large-scale cascaded energy storage projects.
[0005] Currently, the mainstream hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing method for cascaded energy storage systems is the full topology detailed modeling method. Taking a certain cascaded energy storage project as an example, this project has a relatively small number of cascaded modules in its energy storage system. During RTDS HIL testing, the engineers used the UCM (Universal Converter Model) model to build a complete three-phase cascaded system model in the simulation environment, corresponding one-to-one with the physical prototype. That is, each physical energy storage unit corresponds to an independent detailed circuit model in the simulation (including IGBT, capacitor, LC filter, and battery models).
[0006] The full topology detailed modeling method has the following significant drawbacks when dealing with large-scale energy storage systems: 1. Depletion of computing resources When the number of cascaded modules increases to hundreds, using the full topology detailed modeling method requires consuming a large number of PB5 processing board cores in RTDS.
[0007] 2. Poor system stability Extremely high computational load can make it difficult to optimize the simulation step size (the time interval required to complete a system state update during simulation, which determines the real-time performance and accuracy of the simulation), and can easily lead to overflow, causing the simulation system to crash or the calculation results to diverge, which seriously affects the experimental progress.
[0008] 3. Risk of hardware overheating and damage To maintain the operation of the large model, the simulation system is in a state of full load and high power consumption for a long time, which can easily lead to overheating of the chassis equipment and even damage to expensive simulation boards.
[0009] 4. Limited scalability Because the energy storage system model occupies most of the resources, it is impossible to integrate complex power grid models or new energy power plant models into the same simulation system. Summary of the Invention
[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a hardware-in-the-loop testing method and related apparatus for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation, which solves the problems of system lag and equipment overheating caused by insufficient RTDS simulation computing resources and excessive number of energy storage modules in the prior art.
[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a hardware-in-the-loop testing method for a cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation, comprising the following steps: Real-time monitoring of transformer grid-side voltage analog quantities, grid-side current analog quantities, valve-side voltage analog quantities, valve-side current analog quantities, and circuit breaker switch status quantities; The analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side are converted into electrical signals. The electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system are conditioned to obtain conditioned signals. Based on the preset control criteria and test requirements, the conditioned signals are compared, analyzed, logically judged and calculated to obtain a control and protection strategy that is adapted to the current working condition. Based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition, the corresponding control commands and trigger pulses are obtained. The control commands and trigger pulses adapted to the current operating conditions will be transmitted to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system; The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model includes: The MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system is used to convert several full-bridge sub-modules into a macro model; Based on an equivalent macro model, construct an integrated equivalent model; The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model. Depending on the test object, select to activate only the integrated equivalent model, or activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model simultaneously to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the signal conversion of the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side to obtain an electrical signal is specifically performed by using a GTAO board to convert the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side to obtain an electrical signal.
[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that the signal conditioning of the electrical signal, the circuit breaker switch status quantity and the switch status quantity received from the control and protection system to obtain the conditioned signal is specifically as follows: the measuring device conditions the electrical signal, the circuit breaker switch status quantity and the switch status quantity received from the control and protection system to obtain the conditioned signal.
[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that, according to the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition, the control command and trigger pulse corresponding to the current operating condition are obtained. Specifically, the control and protection system obtains the control command and trigger pulse corresponding to the current operating condition according to the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition.
[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the MMC simulation component is a GMMX component.
[0016] A further improvement of this invention is that the construction of a single-phase cascaded energy storage model using the UCM model is specifically as follows: Using the UCM model, a single-phase cascaded energy storage model including a battery model and a filter circuit is constructed.
[0017] A further improvement of this invention is that, depending on the test object, the step of selecting to activate only the integrated equivalent model, or simultaneously activating both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model, to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system is specifically as follows: When testing the grid-connected performance, power response, and high / low voltage ride-through of cascaded energy storage systems, only the integrated equivalent model is activated; When testing the control parameters of the charging and discharging process of the battery in the cascaded energy storage system, the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model are activated simultaneously.
[0018] Secondly, the present invention provides a hardware-in-the-loop testing system for a cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation, comprising: The data monitoring module is used to monitor in real time the analog voltage and current of the transformer grid side, the analog voltage and current of the valve side, and the status of the circuit breaker switch. The signal conversion module is used to convert the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side into electrical signals. The signal conditioning module is used to condition electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system to obtain conditioned signals. The analysis module is used to compare, analyze, make logical judgments and perform calculations on the conditioned signals according to preset control criteria and test requirements, so as to obtain control and protection strategies that are adapted to the current working conditions. The command pulse generation module is used to obtain control commands and trigger pulses corresponding to the current operating conditions based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating conditions. The transmission module is used to transmit control commands and trigger pulses adapted to the current operating conditions to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system; The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model includes: The MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system is used to convert several full-bridge sub-modules into a macro model; Based on an equivalent macro model, construct an integrated equivalent model; The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model. The testing module is used to select, based on the object being tested, to activate only the integrated equivalent model or simultaneously activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
[0019] Thirdly, the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation described above.
[0020] Fourthly, the present invention provides a storage medium on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation described above.
[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation proposed in this invention improves the communication speed between the RTDS simulation system and the external control and protection system by establishing a dual-channel HIL interface through an integrated equivalent model and a single-phase cascaded energy storage model. Furthermore, depending on the test object, the method can select to activate only the integrated equivalent model or simultaneously activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model for HIL testing, obtaining the HIL test results. This invention demonstrates broad test coverage, allowing for the selection of appropriate models (activating only the integrated equivalent model or simultaneously activating both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model) for HIL testing of the cascaded energy storage system hardware according to actual needs. Moreover, the integrated equivalent model constructed in this invention eliminates the need to build separate test models for each energy storage module, significantly reducing the resource consumption of the simulation system. Attached Figure Description
[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware-in-the-loop test system for the cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation according to the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for a cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation in Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a model diagram of the GMMX component in the RTDS simulation system of Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the UCM model in the RTDS simulation system of Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an interface diagram between the RTDS simulation system and the external control and protection system in Embodiment 4 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation
[0023] To further understand the content of this invention, the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not limiting of the invention.
[0024] Example 1: The flowchart of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation of this invention is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation of this invention includes the following steps: S1. Real-time monitoring of transformer grid-side voltage analog quantity, grid-side current analog quantity, valve-side voltage analog quantity, valve-side current analog quantity, and circuit breaker switch status quantity; S2. Perform signal conversion on the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side to obtain electrical signals; S3. Perform signal conditioning on the electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system to obtain the conditioned signals; S4. Based on the preset control criteria and test requirements, the conditioned signals are compared, analyzed, logically judged and calculated to obtain a control and protection strategy that is adapted to the current working condition; S5. Based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition, obtain the control command and trigger pulse corresponding to the current operating condition; S6. Transmit the control commands and trigger pulses corresponding to the current operating conditions to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system; The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model includes: The MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system is used to convert several full-bridge sub-modules into a macro model; Based on an equivalent macro model, construct an integrated equivalent model; The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model. S7. Depending on the object being tested, select to activate only the integrated equivalent model, or activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model simultaneously to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
[0025] Example 2: A schematic diagram of the hardware-in-the-loop test system for the cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation of this invention is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the hardware-in-the-loop test system for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation of this invention includes: The data monitoring module is used to monitor in real time the analog voltage and current of the transformer grid side, the analog voltage and current of the valve side, and the status of the circuit breaker switch. The signal conversion module is used to convert the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side into electrical signals. The signal conditioning module is used to condition electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system to obtain conditioned signals. The analysis module is used to compare, analyze, make logical judgments and perform calculations on the conditioned signals according to preset control criteria and test requirements, so as to obtain control and protection strategies that are adapted to the current working conditions. The command pulse generation module is used to obtain control commands and trigger pulses corresponding to the current operating conditions based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating conditions. The transmission module is used to transmit control commands and trigger pulses adapted to the current operating conditions to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system; The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model includes: The MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system is used to convert several full-bridge sub-modules into a macro model; Based on an equivalent macro model, construct an integrated equivalent model; The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model. The testing module is used to select, based on the object being tested, to activate only the integrated equivalent model or simultaneously activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
[0026] Example 3: The flowchart of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation of this invention is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 The red portion represents the integrated equivalent model, and the green portion represents the UCM model. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation in this invention includes the following steps: S1. Real-time monitoring of transformer grid-side voltage analog quantity, grid-side current analog quantity, valve-side voltage analog quantity, valve-side current analog quantity, and circuit breaker switch status quantity.
[0027] The RTDS simulation system monitors in real time the transformer grid-side voltage simulation, grid-side current simulation, valve-side voltage simulation, valve-side current simulation, and circuit breaker switching status.
[0028] S2. Perform signal conversion on the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side to obtain electrical signals.
[0029] In this step, the analog quantities of transformer grid-side voltage, grid-side current, valve-side voltage, and valve-side current are converted into electrical signals. Specifically, the GTAO board is used to convert the analog quantities of transformer grid-side voltage, grid-side current, valve-side voltage, and valve-side current into electrical signals.
[0030] S3. Perform signal conditioning on the electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system to obtain the conditioned signals.
[0031] In this step, the electrical signal, the circuit breaker switch status quantity, and the switch status quantity received from the control and protection system are conditioned to obtain the conditioned signal. Specifically, the measuring device (in this embodiment, the measuring device is a measuring cabinet, which includes a measuring board) conditioned the electrical signal, the circuit breaker switch status quantity, and the switch status quantity received from the control and protection system to obtain the conditioned signal.
[0032] S4. Based on the preset control criteria and test requirements, compare, analyze, logically judge, and calculate the conditioned signal to obtain a control and protection strategy that is suitable for the current working condition.
[0033] Based on the preset control criteria and test requirements, the conditioned signals are compared, analyzed, logically judged and calculated (specifically: the logic of controlling voltage and power and judging whether the voltage or current protection value is greater than the protection value and a tripping response is required) to obtain a control and protection strategy adapted to the current working condition.
[0034] S5. Based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition, obtain the control command and trigger pulse corresponding to the current operating condition.
[0035] In this step, the control and protection system obtains the control commands and trigger pulses corresponding to the current operating conditions based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating conditions. Specifically, the control and protection system obtains the control commands and trigger pulses corresponding to the current operating conditions based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating conditions.
[0036] S6. Transmit the control commands and trigger pulses corresponding to the current operating conditions to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system.
[0037] The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model in this step includes: Using the MMC simulation component (the MMC simulation component is a GMMX component) of the RTDS simulation system, several full-bridge sub-modules are equivalent to a macro model; Based on an equivalent macro model, an integrated equivalent model is constructed. The integrated equivalent model mainly simulates the port voltage and current characteristics and grid interaction behavior, while ignoring the detailed electrochemical characteristics of the internal battery cells.
[0038] Specifically, the integrated equivalent model transmits analog voltage, current, and total power commands through the GTAO board of the RTDS simulation system, while the integrated equivalent model connects to the external control and protection system through the GTDI and GTDO boards of the RTDS simulation system to transmit digital voltage, current, and total power commands.
[0039] The single-phase cascaded energy storage model connects to an external control and protection system via the Aurora communication protocol. It transmits information about the cascaded energy storage system's cell voltage, temperature, SOC balance status, and fault flags to the external control and protection system, and receives pulse control signals from the external control and protection system. In this step, the Aurora communication protocol used is the Aurora Link protocol.
[0040] The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model in this step includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model.
[0041] This step utilizes the UCM model to construct a single-phase cascaded energy storage model, specifically as follows: Using the UCM model, a single-phase cascaded energy storage model including a battery model and a filter circuit is constructed.
[0042] S7. Depending on the object being tested, select to activate only the integrated equivalent model, or activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model simultaneously to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
[0043] Depending on the object being tested, select to activate only the integrated equivalent model or activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model simultaneously for hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system. Before obtaining the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system, set the "Test Mode Selection Switch" in the RTDS simulation interface and the external control and protection system.
[0044] Depending on the test object, select to activate only the integrated equivalent model, or simultaneously activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model, to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system, as follows: When testing the grid-connected performance, power response, and high / low voltage ride-through of a cascaded energy storage system, only the integrated equivalent model is activated, and the data flow of the single-phase cascaded energy storage model is blocked. When testing the control parameters of the charging and discharging process of the battery in the cascaded energy storage system (such as battery charging and discharging strategies, SOC equalization state, and buffer circuit parameters), the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model are activated simultaneously.
[0045] Example 4: The method of this invention will be described in detail below using a cascaded energy storage project of Huaneng as an example: This project includes 54 H-bridge modules in a single phase and 162 energy storage modules in total in three phases. Using traditional methods, this would require more than 20 PB5 processing cores. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation, as described in this invention, includes the following steps: Step 1: Setting up the basic power grid environment Build the power system, main transformer, circuit breaker and line impedance models in the main canvas of RTDS (RSCAD Draft), and construct the common connection points required for testing.
[0046] Step 2: Build an integrated equivalent model A cascaded topology of 54 modules in three phases was configured using rtds_vsc_MMC_FPGA_gmmx (GMMX component, or a similar MMC macromodel simulation component) from the RTDS library. The integrated equivalent model was mapped onto 1-2 processor cores and connected to the energy storage coordinator via the fiber optic interface of the RTDS GTFPGA board. This was used to test the overall system startup, shutdown, and power closed-loop control. The model diagram of the GMMX component (also called GMMX module) is shown below. Figure 4 As shown.
[0047] The following is about Figure 4 Explanation: The GMMX model allows selection of half-bridge modules, full-bridge modules, or a combination of both (full-bridge modules were chosen in a Huaneng cascaded energy storage project). It supports up to two bridge arms, with a maximum of 768 modules per arm. Specific module parameters can be configured on the parameter settings page. Converter data is transmitted bidirectionally via the GTFPGA board.
[0048] Step 3: Build a single-phase cascaded energy storage model Using the rtds_ss_UCM_LEV2 (UCM model) from the RTDS library, a single-phase cascaded energy storage model including a battery model and a filter circuit is built. The 54 modules of the single phase are built one by one and mapped to 1-2 additional independent processor cores. The structure diagram of the UCM model is shown below. Figure 5 As shown.
[0049] The following is about Figure 5 Explanation: The UCM model stands for Universal Converter Model. This model can receive IGBT pulse signals, and specific module parameters can be configured on the parameter settings page. Figure 5 In the diagram, valve1 refers to IGBT number 1, P refers to the positive terminal, N refers to the negative terminal, and N1 refers to node 1.
[0050] Step 4: Configure the Aurora communication interface A communication link between the UCM model and the controller simulator is established using RTDS's GTAOA, GTDIA, GTDOA boards and the dedicated Aurora communication interface.
[0051] Step 5: Implement the experiment switch Overall performance: When the operator selects "Integrated Mode," the RTDS outputs three-phase high-voltage side waveforms. The external control and protection system performs overall control based on the average capacitor voltage feedback from GMMX, verifying grid adaptability. The interface diagram between the RTDS simulation system and the external control and protection system is shown below. Figure 6 As shown.
[0052] The following is about Figure 6 Explanation: The interface between the RTDS simulation system and the control and protection system includes the system electrical quantity and switching quantity interface of traditional electrical signals, the Aurora interface for communicating with the simulation device, and the Aurora interface for communicating with the interface board.
[0053] The electrical quantities of the RTDS simulation system are output to the small signal acquisition board of the control and protection cabinet measuring device via the GTAO board; the switch signals of the RTDS simulation system are output to the input plug-in of the control and protection cabinet measuring device (also called the measuring cabinet) via the GTDO board; the circuit breaker opening and closing commands of the measuring device are input to the RTDS simulation system via the GTDI board.
[0054] The power module voltage in the converter valve model of the RTDS simulation system is connected to the simulation device (simulation chassis) via Aurrara. Then, the high-potential PMC board simulated by the simulation device is connected to the trigger board of the control and protection device via LC low-speed fiber. At the same time, the trigger and bypass commands of the control and protection device are sent to the PMC board simulated by the RTDS simulation system via LC low-speed fiber. Then, the CPU board of the RTDS simulation system summarizes the commands and sends them to the RTDS simulation system via the Aurrara interface.
[0055] The rapid protection action information and SOC information in the battery pack model of the RTDS simulation system are sent to the control and protection system via the Aurrara interface and the interface board.
[0056] Refined Strategy: The operator selects "Single-Phase Detailed Measurement Mode," switches the RTDS data stream, and focuses on calculating the internal nodes in the UCM model. At this time, the external control and protection system reads the specific battery cell voltage differences uploaded through the Aurora link to verify the rationality of the active balancing strategy and the design of the buffer circuit parameters.
[0057] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Significantly reduces simulation resource consumption The simulation task that originally required more than 20 computing cores can be completed with only 3-5 cores, reducing resource consumption by more than 70%, making it possible to conduct large-scale energy storage site simulations on limited RTDS equipment.
[0058] 2. Improve simulation stability and speed This avoids overflow and system crashes caused by excessive computation, shortens model compilation time, stabilizes the running frame rate, and greatly improves experimental efficiency.
[0059] 3. Hardware protection It effectively reduces the computational load on the RTDS processor, avoids prolonged overheating of the equipment, and extends the lifespan of expensive simulation equipment.
[0060] 4. Wide testing coverage It can verify grid interaction at a macroscopic level (GMMX advantage) and battery characteristics at a microscopic level (UCM advantage), solving the pain point that a single model cannot take into account both "system-level" and "component-level" testing.
[0061] Example 5: Please see Figure 7 As shown, the present invention also provides an electronic device 100 for a hardware-in-the-loop testing method for a cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation; the electronic device 100 includes a memory 101, at least one processor 102, a computer program 103 stored in the memory 101 and executable on the at least one processor 102, and at least one communication bus 104.
[0062] The memory 101 can be used to store the computer program 103. The processor 102 implements the steps of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for the cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation described in Embodiment 1 by running or executing the computer program stored in the memory 101 and calling the data stored in the memory 101. The memory 101 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, at least one application program required for a function (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device 100 (such as audio data), etc. In addition, the memory 101 may include non-volatile memory, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage device.
[0063] The at least one processor 102 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The processor 102 may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The processor 102 is the control center of the electronic device 100, connecting various parts of the electronic device 100 via various interfaces and lines.
[0064] The memory 101 in the electronic device 100 stores multiple instructions to implement a hardware-in-the-loop testing method for a cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation, and the processor 102 can execute the multiple instructions to achieve the following: Real-time monitoring of transformer grid-side voltage analog quantities, grid-side current analog quantities, valve-side voltage analog quantities, valve-side current analog quantities, and circuit breaker switch status quantities; The analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side are converted into electrical signals. The electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system are conditioned to obtain conditioned signals. Based on the preset control criteria and test requirements, the conditioned signals are compared, analyzed, logically judged and calculated to generate a control and protection strategy that is adapted to the current working conditions. Based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition, the corresponding control commands and trigger pulses are obtained. The control commands and trigger pulses adapted to the current operating conditions will be transmitted to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system; The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model includes: The MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system is used to convert several full-bridge sub-modules into a macro model; Based on an equivalent macro model, construct an integrated equivalent model; The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model. Depending on the test object, select to activate only the integrated equivalent model, or activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model simultaneously to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
[0065] Example 6: If the modules / units integrated in the electronic device 100 are implemented as software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can also be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, it can implement the steps of the various method embodiments described above. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable files, or certain intermediate forms. The computer-readable medium can include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a USB flash drive, a portable hard drive, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, and a read-only memory (ROM).
[0066] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.
[0067] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.
[0068] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.
[0069] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.
[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A hardware-in-the-loop testing method for a cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Real-time monitoring of transformer grid-side voltage analog quantities, grid-side current analog quantities, valve-side voltage analog quantities, valve-side current analog quantities, and circuit breaker switch status quantities; The analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side are converted into electrical signals. The electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system are conditioned to obtain conditioned signals. Based on the preset control criteria and test requirements, the conditioned signals are compared, analyzed, logically judged and calculated to generate a control and protection strategy that is adapted to the current working conditions. Based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition, the corresponding control commands and trigger pulses are obtained. The control commands and trigger pulses adapted to the current operating conditions will be transmitted to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system; The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model includes: The MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system is used to convert several full-bridge sub-modules into a macro model. Based on an equivalent macro model, construct an integrated equivalent model; The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model. Depending on the test object, select to activate only the integrated equivalent model, or activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model simultaneously to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
2. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of converting the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side into electrical signals involves using a GTAO board to perform signal conversion on these analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side to obtain electrical signals.
3. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of conditioning the electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system to obtain conditioned signals involves the measuring device conditioning the electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system to obtain conditioned signals.
4. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation according to claim 1, wherein obtaining the control command and trigger pulse corresponding to the current operating condition according to the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition specifically comprises: the control and protection system obtaining the control command and trigger pulse corresponding to the current operating condition according to the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating condition.
5. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The MMC simulation component is a GMMX component.
6. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The construction of a single-phase cascaded energy storage model using the UCM model is specifically as follows: Using the UCM model, a single-phase cascaded energy storage model including a battery model and a filter circuit is constructed.
7. The hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process involves selecting, based on the test object, to activate either only the integrated equivalent model or simultaneously activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model for hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, thereby obtaining the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system. Specifically: When testing the grid-connected performance, power response, and high / low voltage ride-through of cascaded energy storage systems, only the integrated equivalent model is activated; When testing the control parameters of the charging and discharging process of the battery in the cascaded energy storage system, the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model are activated simultaneously.
8. A hardware-in-the-loop test system for a cascaded energy storage system based on RTDS simulation, characterized in that, include: The data monitoring module is used to monitor in real time the analog voltage and current of the transformer grid side, the analog voltage and current of the valve side, and the status of the circuit breaker switch. The signal conversion module is used to convert the analog voltage, analog current, analog voltage, and analog current of the transformer grid side into electrical signals. The signal conditioning module is used to condition electrical signals, circuit breaker switch status quantities, and switch status quantities received from the control and protection system to obtain conditioned signals. The analysis module is used to compare, analyze, make logical judgments and perform calculations on the conditioned signals according to preset control criteria and test requirements, so as to obtain control and protection strategies that are adapted to the current working conditions. The command pulse generation module is used to obtain control commands and trigger pulses corresponding to the current operating conditions based on the control and protection strategy adapted to the current operating conditions. The transmission module is used to transmit control commands and trigger pulses adapted to the current operating conditions to the integrated equivalent model and single-phase cascaded energy storage model in the RTDS simulation system; The method for constructing the integrated equivalent model includes: The MMC simulation component of the RTDS simulation system is used to convert several full-bridge sub-modules into a macro model. Based on an equivalent macro model, construct an integrated equivalent model; The method for constructing the single-phase cascaded energy storage model includes: A single-phase cascaded energy storage model was constructed using the UCM model. The testing module is used to select, based on the object being tested, to activate only the integrated equivalent model or simultaneously activate both the integrated equivalent model and the single-phase cascaded energy storage model to perform hardware-in-the-loop testing of the cascaded energy storage system, and obtain the hardware-in-the-loop test results of the cascaded energy storage system.
9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the hardware-in-the-loop testing method for cascaded energy storage systems based on RTDS simulation as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.