Heat exchange equipment optimization design method and system, medium and equipment

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a heat exchange equipment optimization design method and system, a medium and equipment, and the method comprises the steps that according to the design working condition of heat exchange equipment, thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters are determined; determining a pipe side heat transfer film coefficient and a shell side heat transfer film coefficient according to the geometric design parameters; according to the pipe side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell side heat transfer film coefficient, the heat exchanger pipeline outer side area, the heat exchanger pipeline inner side area and the pipe wall thickness, the total heat exchange coefficient is determined; according to the thermodynamic parameters and the total heat exchange coefficient, the total heat exchange area of the heat exchange equipment is determined; and the total heat exchange area is substituted into the evaluation model, and geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area meeting preset conditions serve as target design parameters and are applied to design of the heat exchange equipment. Through the method, a heat exchange equipment design scheme considering both design flexibility and engineering feasibility can be obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of compressed air energy storage, and more specifically, to a method, system, medium, and equipment for optimizing the design of heat exchange equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Among existing large-scale, long-duration energy storage technologies, compressed air energy storage (CAES) has attracted attention due to its advantages such as large scalability, long service life, and relatively lower geographical constraints compared to pumped hydro storage. Therefore, CAES power plants on the renewable energy side using compressed air energy storage are of great significance for reducing wind and solar curtailment rates and enhancing grid stability.

[0003] As the primary energy exchange device in a CAES (Computer-Aided Systems) system, the design accuracy of heat exchangers directly impacts system performance. Therefore, modeling and studying the optimization design calculations of heat exchangers helps to make system operation more closely resemble the actual needs of power plant construction. In the optimization design of heat exchangers, not only are accurate calculations of heat transfer performance and pressure drop characteristics required, but detailed geometric dimension calculations and optimizations are also essential. This comprehensive design approach will significantly improve the engineering applicability of CAES research, making theoretical research results closer to engineering practice.

[0004] Currently, the design methods for heat exchangers in CAES systems have the following limitations: First, mainstream designs rely on pre-defined heat exchanger modules in general-purpose commercial simulation software. These modules are typically "black box" or "grey box" models, where the internal geometry and heat transfer flow relationships are encapsulated and fixed. Designers find it difficult to deeply and flexibly customize and optimize the core geometric details of the heat exchanger (such as precise optimization of tube spacing, fine adjustment of baffle cut rate, and targeted design of leakage channels) according to the specific operating conditions of the CAES system.

[0005] Secondly, in some CAES system integration models built independently based on programming languages, researchers often use extremely simplified heat exchanger models (such as using a fixed efficiency-to-number of heat transfer units or a simplified lumped parameter model) to reduce model complexity and computational burden. While these models improve system simulation speed, they completely ignore the detailed internal geometry of the heat exchanger, causing the design results to deviate from engineering reality and become unusable for directly guiding equipment manufacturing and power plant construction.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field for a heat exchanger optimization design method that can perform in-depth design of the geometric details of heat exchangers, can be directly used to guide the manufacturing of heat exchange equipment, and at the same time take into account design flexibility. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This application aims to provide a method, system, medium, and equipment for optimizing the design of heat exchange equipment, in order to solve or partially solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] The first aspect of this application provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchange device, the method comprising: Based on the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment, determine the thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment. The geometric design parameters include at least the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness. Based on the geometric design parameters, determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchanger. The overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the thermodynamic parameters and the overall heat transfer coefficient. Substitute the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model to determine whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model. Use the geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area that meets the preset conditions as the target design parameters and apply the target design parameters to the design of the heat exchange equipment.

[0009] Optionally, the geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger are determined based on its design operating conditions, including: Based on the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment, several key geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment structure are determined; Based on the thermodynamic parameters and the key geometric design parameters, the intermediate geometric design parameters and correction coefficients of the heat exchange equipment are determined. The intermediate geometric design parameters include the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness. The correction coefficients include at least the baffle structure correction coefficient and the inlet and outlet cross-section baffle spacing correction coefficient.

[0010] Optionally, the key geometric design parameters include the outer diameter of the shell, the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes, the baffle spacing, the baffle cutting length, the tube spacing, and the tube bundle arrangement.

[0011] Optionally, based on the thermodynamic parameters and the key geometric design parameters, the intermediate geometric design parameters and correction coefficients of the heat exchanger are determined, including: According to the outer diameter of the shell and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the radial clearance of the heat exchanger shell and tube. Tube diameter and the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes ,include:

[0012]

[0013]

[0014] According to the outer diameter of the shell baffle cutting length and the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes Determine the tube-shell baffle clearance of the heat exchanger. The inner corner of the baffle and the outer corner of the baffle ,include:

[0015]

[0016]

[0017] According to the outer corner of the baffle Determine the cross-sectional fraction of a single pipe in the heat exchanger. The fraction of the total number of pipes with cross-flow sections. ,include:

[0018]

[0019] Based on the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes Pipe spacing and the cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe of the heat exchanger Determine the number of pipes in a single-pass shell. And the number of pipes in the window section ,include:

[0020]

[0021] According to the outer diameter of the shell The inner corner of the baffle baffle cutting length outer diameter of heat exchange tubes The cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe in a heat exchanger The number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the total window area of ​​the heat exchanger. Area occupied by piping in the window section and net flow area of ​​a single window cross section ,include:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] Based on the net flow area of ​​a single window cross section outer diameter of heat exchange tubes Number of pipes in the window section Outer diameter of the shell Diameter of the center circle of the inner and outer tubes The inner corner of the baffle and baffle cutting length Determine the hydraulic diameter of the heat exchanger window section. The number of effective pipes flowing through a single cross-section and the effective number of pipes flowing through a single window area ,include:

[0025]

[0026]

[0027] in, This refers to the longitudinal pipe spacing; According to the outer diameter of the shell Tube diameter Diameter of the center circle of the inner and outer tubes Heat exchanger tube-shell baffle clearance The inner corner of the baffle outer diameter of heat exchange tubes Number of pipes in a single-pass shell The cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe in a heat exchanger Determine the leakage area between the heat exchanger shell and the baffle plate. Leakage area between pipeline and baffle and shell-side crossflow area ,include:

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] in, The horizontal pipe spacing, The gap is the diameter; Based on the fraction of the number of cross-flow cross-section pipes to the total number of pipes Determine the baffle structure correction coefficient Correction factor for the distance between inlet and outlet section baffles ,include:

[0031]

[0032] in, , These are the correlation factors, which can be represented as:

[0033]

[0034] Based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube baffle spacing Number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger piping. Inner surface area of ​​heat exchanger piping Average heat transfer area inside and outside the heat exchanger tubes and pipe wall thickness ,include:

[0035]

[0036]

[0037]

[0038] in, This is the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube.

[0039] Optionally, based on the geometric design parameters, the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchanger are determined, including: According to the longitudinal pipe spacing Horizontal pipe spacing Determine the shell-side Nucher number of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0040]

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] in, The shell-side Reynolds number, This is an intermediate value for the shell-side correction factor. The shell-side Prandtl number; Based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube Nuschl number on the shell side of the heat exchanger baffle structure correction coefficient Correction factor for the distance between inlet and outlet section baffles Determine the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient under pure crossflow in an ideal tube configuration for the heat exchanger. and shell-side heat transfer coefficient ,include:

[0048]

[0049] in, The thermal conductivity is the shell-side conductivity. Correction factors for tube bundle flow paths and bypass flow paths, This is a correction factor for the larger gap between the inlet and outlet baffles. This is the correction factor for the countercurrent temperature gradient in laminar flow; Based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube and tube-side Reynolds number Determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient ,include: when hour:

[0050] when hour:

[0051] when hour:

[0052] in, For the tube-side Prandtl number, The value is the thermal conductivity on the tube side.

[0053] Optionally, the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger tubes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger tubes, and the tube wall thickness, including: The heat transfer coefficient on the tube side Shell-side heat transfer coefficient , Area of ​​the outer side of the heat exchanger pipes Inner surface area of ​​heat exchanger piping Average heat transfer area inside and outside the heat exchanger tubes and pipe wall thickness Substitute the values ​​into the overall heat transfer coefficient model, and determine the overall heat transfer coefficient based on the overall heat transfer coefficient model. ; The overall heat transfer coefficient model includes:

[0054] in, , These represent the fouling thermal resistances of the inner and outer walls of the pipe, respectively. The value is the thermal conductivity of the pipe wall.

[0055] Optionally, determining the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange device based on the thermodynamic parameters and the overall heat transfer coefficient includes: The overall heat transfer coefficient Substitute the total heat exchange area model of the heat exchange equipment into the model, and determine the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area model. ; The total heat transfer area model includes:

[0056] in, For heat conduction on the shell side, This is the weighted average temperature difference.

[0057] Optionally, based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchanger, several key geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger structure are determined, including: Based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchange equipment, determine the allowable range of the key geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment structure; Within the allowable range, a set of key parameters for the heat exchanger structure is determined, and each set of key parameters includes multiple key geometric design parameters for the heat exchanger structure. Substituting the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model, the method determines whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model, including: Substitute the total heat exchange area corresponding to each of the key parameter groups into the evaluation model to obtain the corresponding evaluation reference value; The target extreme value is determined from all the evaluation reference values, and the total heat exchange area corresponding to the target extreme value is judged to meet the preset conditions of the evaluation model.

[0058] Optionally, the evaluation model includes: The total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area. The total heat exchange area, the corresponding total heat exchange coefficient, and the total cost are weighted and comprehensively evaluated to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value. Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of all the key parameter groups, determine the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model; The comprehensive evaluation value is regarded as the evaluation reference value, and the maximum value of all comprehensive evaluation values ​​is regarded as the target extreme value.

[0059] Optionally, the evaluation model includes: The total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area. Based on the total cost of all the key parameter groups, determine the minimum value of the total cost, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the minimum value of the total cost as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model; The total cost is used as the evaluation reference value, and the target extreme value is the minimum of all the total costs.

[0060] Optionally, the total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area, including: Based on the total heat exchange area, determine the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss; The pumping power of the heat exchanger is determined based on the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss. The total production cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area; the total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the pumping power; and the total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total production cost and the total operating cost.

[0061] Optionally, the tube-side pressure loss and shell-side pressure loss are determined based on the total heat exchange area, including: Based on the total heat exchange area outer diameter of heat exchange tubes The number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the length of the heat exchanger tubes ,include:

[0062] Based on the heat exchanger tube length and the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the pressure loss on the tube side of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0063] in, For the pipe-side fluid density, For pipe-side flow velocity, For the number of processes on the pipe side, The coefficient of friction on the pipe side; According to the shell-side Reynolds number and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the ideal pressure drop at the center section of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0064]

[0065] in, The density of the fluid on the shell side. For thermally conductive fluid dynamic viscosity, This is the proportionality constant in Newton's second law of motion. This represents the number of effective pipes per single cross-section; According to the shell-side Reynolds number Determine the ideal pressure drop of a single window section on the shell side of the heat exchanger. ,include: when hour:

[0066] when hour:

[0067] in, For the mass flow rate of the window section, The effective number of tubes flowing through a window zone in a segmental baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger; Based on the ideal pressure drop of a single window section on the shell side of the heat exchanger Determine the pressure loss on the shell side of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] In the formula: The number of baffles in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger; This is the bypass flow correction factor; This is the correction factor for leakage flow in the pipe-baffle-shell system; The correction factor for the inlet and outlet sections is different from that of the center section baffle.

[0071] Optionally, the pumping power of the heat exchanger is determined based on the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss, including: Reduce pipe-side pressure loss and shell side pressure loss Substitute the values ​​into the pumping power calculation model of the heat exchanger, and determine the pumping power of the heat exchanger based on the pumping power calculation model. ; The pumping power calculation model includes:

[0072] in, For pump efficiency, For pipe-side mass flow rate, For the pipe-side fluid density, This is the shell-side mass flow rate. The density is the fluid density on the shell side.

[0073] Optionally, the total production cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area, including:

[0074] in, The total production cost of the heat exchange equipment. For fixed cost coefficients, This is the proportionality coefficient for variable cost items. This is the cost index coefficient; The total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the pumping power, including:

[0075]

[0076] in, The total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment. For annual operating costs, For energy costs, Working hours For the discount rate, This refers to the service life; The total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total production cost and the total operating cost, including:

[0077] in, This represents the total cost of the heat exchange equipment.

[0078] A second aspect of this application provides a heat exchanger optimization design system, the system comprising: The design parameter determination module is used to determine the thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchange equipment. The geometric design parameters include at least the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness. The heat transfer film coefficient determination module is used to determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the geometric design parameters. The heat transfer coefficient determination module is used to determine the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The total heat exchange area determination module is used to determine the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the thermodynamic parameters and the total heat transfer coefficient. The judgment module is used to substitute the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model, determine whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model, take the geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area that meets the preset conditions as the target design parameters, and apply the target design parameters to the design of the heat exchange equipment.

[0079] The third aspect of this application provides a heat exchange device manufactured using target design parameters determined by a heat exchange device optimization design method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0080] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps in the heat exchanger optimization design method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0081] The fifth aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps in the heat exchanger optimization design method as described in any of the first aspects.

[0082] Beneficial effects: This application provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. The method includes: determining the thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger based on its design operating conditions, wherein the geometric design parameters include at least the outer surface area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner surface area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness; determining the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchanger based on the geometric design parameters; determining the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer surface area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner surface area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness; determining the total heat transfer area of ​​the heat exchanger based on the thermodynamic parameters and the total heat transfer coefficient; substituting the total heat transfer area into an evaluation model to determine whether the total heat transfer area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model; using the geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat transfer area that meets the preset conditions as target design parameters; and applying the target design parameters to the design of the heat exchanger.

[0083] This application presents an optimized design method for heat exchange equipment. Based on design conditions, it determines the critical total heat exchange area and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment structure. While ensuring the heat load requirements of the heat exchange equipment are met, it provides flexible adjustment space for other structural parameters, improving the design flexibility of the heat exchange equipment. Simultaneously, the determination of the total heat exchange area and geometric design parameters ensures the engineering feasibility of the heat exchange equipment in practical applications, effectively avoiding designs that deviate from engineering realities. This method can be directly used to guide the manufacturing of the heat exchange equipment. Therefore, the optimized design method for heat exchange equipment provided in this application can offer a design scheme for heat exchange equipment that balances design flexibility and engineering feasibility. Attached Figure Description

[0084] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0085] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a heat exchanger optimization design method provided in one embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a heat exchanger optimization design system provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0086] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0087] This application proposes an optimized design method for heat exchange equipment. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the method includes: S11. Based on the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment, determine the thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment. The geometric design parameters include at least the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness. In this step, based on the overall design scheme of the compressed air energy storage system, the design operating conditions (i.e., design conditions, including on-site installation space limitations, the type and quantity of fluids requiring heat exchange, temperature, and pressure) allocated to the target heat exchange equipment (i.e., the heat exchanger) can be extracted. This allows for the determination of the thermodynamic parameters that the heat exchange equipment needs to handle, such as the inlet and outlet temperatures on the tube and shell sides, the fluid mass flow rates on the tube and shell sides, and the inlet and outlet pressures. Based on the design conditions, combined with the thermodynamic parameters of the heat exchange equipment and design experience, those skilled in the art can initially formulate some geometric design parameters (i.e., key geometric design parameters, such as the number of tube passes, the number of shell passes, the tube diameter, the tube length, and the arrangement of the tubes), and obtain other geometric design parameters (i.e., intermediate geometric design parameters) through calculation, including the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the tube wall thickness.

[0088] Based on the above design conditions and thermodynamic parameters, objective boundary conditions and clear variables were established for the design of all the geometric design parameters, so that the values ​​of all geometric design parameters can initially meet the design conditions and thermodynamic parameter requirements of the heat exchange equipment.

[0089] It should be noted that the above geometric design parameters are mainly structural parameters that can be directly determined or calculated by those skilled in the art based on the design conditions and thermodynamic parameters of the heat exchange equipment, and do not include some structural parameters in the heat exchange equipment that can be flexibly adjusted.

[0090] S12. Determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the geometric design parameters. In step S12, both the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient characterize the convective heat transfer capability between the fluid and the corresponding wall surface of the heat exchanger. The larger the number, the smaller the heat transfer resistance and the better the heat transfer effect. By using the geometric design parameters determined in step S11, combined with the tube-side and shell-side Reynolds numbers, the aforementioned tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and shell-side heat transfer film coefficient can be determined. This links the physical structural parameters of the geometric design parameters with the local heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger, thereby providing data support for the subsequent calculation of the overall heat transfer coefficient.

[0091] S13. Determine the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The overall heat transfer coefficient is a comprehensive characterization of the heat transfer performance of the entire heat exchange equipment. Its value is determined by the heat transfer film coefficients, thermal resistance, and fouling resistance of the tube and shell sides. It can quantitatively evaluate the overall heat transfer capacity of the heat exchanger and provide data support for the calculation of the total heat transfer area of ​​the subsequent heat exchange equipment.

[0092] S14. Determine the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the thermodynamic parameters and the overall heat transfer coefficient; The total heat exchange area is determined based on the total heat load that the heat exchanger needs to transfer, the inlet and outlet temperatures of the tube side and shell side, and the aforementioned total heat transfer coefficient. This provides a precise design target for the effective surface area of ​​the heat exchange equipment as a whole participating in heat exchange, ensuring that the heat exchange equipment meets the overall heat load requirements under the design conditions.

[0093] Based on the calculated total heat exchange area, design guidance can be provided for all structures involved in heat exchange in the heat exchange equipment: under the premise of meeting the total heat exchange area requirement, other structural parameters in the heat exchange equipment, except for the above-mentioned geometric design parameters, can be flexibly adjusted, making the structural design of the heat exchange equipment more flexible. And by anchoring the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger and the above-mentioned geometric design parameters, it can be ensured that the flexibly designed heat exchange equipment can still meet the overall heat load requirements.

[0094] Based on this, the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger and its corresponding geometric design parameters can constitute the design scheme of the heat exchange equipment, which meets the basic requirements of the heat exchange equipment (such as heat load requirements and design conditions).

[0095] S15. Substitute the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model, determine whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model, take the geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area that meets the preset conditions as the target design parameters, and apply the target design parameters to the design of the heat exchange equipment.

[0096] In this step, the number of design schemes obtained based on steps S11-S14 may be large. Therefore, the design schemes can be screened by evaluating the evaluation model and its preset conditions. The evaluation model and its preset conditions can be formulated according to the design requirements of the design stage for economy (i.e. manufacturing cost of heat exchange equipment) and / or heat exchange efficiency, thereby selecting the better design scheme from multiple design schemes.

[0097] In this embodiment, an optimized design method for heat exchange equipment is constructed. Based on the design operating conditions, it can determine the critical total heat exchange area and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment structure. While ensuring that the heat load requirements of the heat exchange equipment are met, it provides flexible adjustment space for setting other structural parameters, improving the flexibility of the heat exchange equipment design. Simultaneously, the determination of the total heat exchange area and geometric design parameters ensures the engineering feasibility of the heat exchange equipment in practical applications, effectively avoiding situations where the design scheme deviates from engineering reality. It can be directly used to guide the manufacturing of the heat exchange equipment. Therefore, the optimized design method for heat exchange equipment provided in this application can provide a heat exchange equipment design scheme that balances design flexibility and engineering feasibility.

[0098] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S11 includes: S21. Determine several key geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger structure based on the design conditions of the heat exchanger. Among them, key geometric design parameters are usually independent variables that can be freely formulated or preferentially selected by those skilled in the art based on design conditions and experience during the design process. There is no direct formula relationship between these independent variables. Based on these independent variables, the relevant intermediate geometric design parameters can be calculated.

[0099] Key geometric design parameters include at least the shell outer diameter, heat exchange tube outer diameter, baffle spacing, baffle cut length, tube spacing, and tube bundle arrangement. Specifically, the shell outer diameter determines the overall size and cost framework of the equipment; the heat exchange tube outer diameter determines the heat transfer area and flow resistance characteristics; the baffle spacing determines the velocity, flow regime, and number of backflows of the shell-side fluid; the baffle cut length determines the ratio of the window region to the crossflow region; the tube spacing determines the compactness of the tube bundle; and the tube bundle arrangement determines the fluid flow path and heat transfer characteristics.

[0100] S22. Based on the thermodynamic parameters and the key geometric design parameters, determine the intermediate geometric design parameters and correction coefficients of the heat exchange equipment. The intermediate geometric design parameters include the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The correction coefficients include at least the baffle structure correction coefficient and the inlet and outlet cross-section baffle spacing correction coefficient.

[0101] In this embodiment, the geometric design parameters are defined as including the aforementioned key geometric design parameters and intermediate geometric design parameters. Combined with the final obtained total heat transfer coefficient and total heat transfer area, the design parameters of the heat exchange equipment can be deeply optimized while meeting thermodynamic performance requirements, thus satisfying the high-precision dynamic simulation needs of the heat exchange equipment. Furthermore, since the various geometric design parameters of this application already meet the thermodynamic performance requirements, the thermodynamic performance of the heat exchange equipment remains stable during the actual design phase after anchoring the various geometric design parameters of this application. Based on this, structural details other than the aforementioned parameters (i.e., key geometric design parameters, intermediate geometric design parameters, and total heat transfer area) can be flexibly adjusted without repeatedly verifying thermodynamic performance, thereby improving the flexibility of heat exchange structure design.

[0102] The intermediate geometric design parameters may also include the heat exchanger shell-to-tube radial clearance, tube bundle outer diameter, inner and outer tube center circle diameter, heat exchanger tube-to-shell baffle clearance, baffle inner angle, baffle outer angle, heat exchanger single-pipe cross-section fraction, cross-flow cross-section fraction of the total number of tubes, number of tubes in a single-pass shell, number of tubes in the window section, total window area of ​​the heat exchanger, area occupied by tubes in the window section, net flow area of ​​a single window section, hydraulic diameter of the heat exchanger window section, effective number of tubes flowing through a single cross-section, effective number of tubes flowing through a single window area, leakage area between the heat exchanger shell and baffle, leakage area between tubes and baffle, and shell-side cross-flow area.

[0103] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S22 includes: S31, Based on the outer diameter of the shell and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the radial clearance of the heat exchanger shell and tube. Tube diameter and the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes ,include:

[0104]

[0105]

[0106] S32, Based on the outer diameter of the shell baffle cutting length and the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes Determine the tube-shell baffle clearance of the heat exchanger. The inner corner of the baffle and the outer corner of the baffle ,include:

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] S33, Based on the outer corner of the baffle Determine the cross-sectional fraction of a single pipe in the heat exchanger. The fraction of the total number of pipes with cross-flow sections. ,include:

[0110]

[0111] S34. Based on the diameter of the center circles of the inner and outer tubes Pipe spacing and the cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe of the heat exchanger Determine the number of pipes in a single-pass shell. And the number of pipes in the window section ,include:

[0112]

[0113] S35, Based on the outer diameter of the shell The inner corner of the baffle baffle cutting length outer diameter of heat exchange tubes The cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe in a heat exchanger The number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the total window area of ​​the heat exchanger. Area occupied by piping in the window section and net flow area of ​​a single window cross section ,include:

[0114]

[0115]

[0116] S36. Based on the net flow area of ​​a single window cross-section outer diameter of heat exchange tubes Number of pipes in the window section Outer diameter of the shell Diameter of the center circle of the inner and outer tubes The inner corner of the baffle and baffle cutting length Determine the hydraulic diameter of the heat exchanger window section. The number of effective pipes flowing through a single cross-section and the effective number of pipes flowing through a single window area ,include:

[0117]

[0118]

[0119] in, Longitudinal pipe spacing, longitudinal pipe spacing According to the pipe spacing The arrangement of the tube bundles is determined; S37. Based on the outer diameter of the shell Tube diameter Diameter of the center circle of the inner and outer tubes Heat exchanger tube-shell baffle clearance The inner corner of the baffle outer diameter of heat exchange tubes Number of pipes in a single-pass shell The cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe in a heat exchanger Determine the leakage area between the heat exchanger shell and the baffle plate. Leakage area between pipeline and baffle and shell-side crossflow area ,include:

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] in, The horizontal pipe spacing is the distance between the pipes. According to the pipe spacing Determining the arrangement of tube bundles For the diameter gap, take m; S38. Based on the fraction of the number of cross-flow cross-section pipes to the total number of pipes. Determine the baffle structure correction coefficient Correction factor for the distance between inlet and outlet section baffles ,include:

[0123]

[0124] in, , These are the correlation factors, which can be represented as:

[0125]

[0126] S39. Based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube baffle spacing Number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger piping. Inner surface area of ​​heat exchanger piping Average heat transfer area inside and outside the heat exchanger tubes and pipe wall thickness ,include:

[0127]

[0128]

[0129]

[0130] in, The inner diameter of the heat exchanger tube can be determined based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube. Sure.

[0131] In this embodiment, through steps S31-S39, the intermediate geometric design parameters and correction coefficients of the heat exchange equipment can be accurately calculated, thereby providing data support for the subsequent determination of the total heat exchange area and the formulation of the design scheme.

[0132] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S12 includes: S41, Based on the longitudinal pipe spacing Horizontal pipe spacing Determine the shell-side Nucher number of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0133]

[0134]

[0135]

[0136]

[0137]

[0138]

[0139]

[0140] in, The shell-side Reynolds number, This is an intermediate value for the shell-side correction factor. The shell-side Prandtl number; S42, based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube Nuschl number on the shell side of the heat exchanger baffle structure correction coefficient Correction factor for the distance between inlet and outlet section baffles Determine the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient under pure crossflow in an ideal tube configuration for the heat exchanger. and shell-side heat transfer coefficient ,include:

[0141]

[0142] in, The thermal conductivity is the shell-side conductivity. Correction factors for tube bundle flow paths and bypass flow paths, This is a correction factor for the larger gap between the inlet and outlet baffles. This is the correction factor for the countercurrent temperature gradient in laminar flow; S43, based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube and tube-side Reynolds number Determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient ,include: when hour:

[0143] when hour:

[0144] when hour:

[0145] in, For the tube-side Prandtl number, The value is the thermal conductivity on the tube side.

[0146] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S13 includes: The heat transfer coefficient on the tube side Shell-side heat transfer coefficient , Area of ​​the outer side of the heat exchanger pipes Inner surface area of ​​heat exchanger piping Average heat transfer area inside and outside the heat exchanger tubes and pipe wall thickness Substitute the values ​​into the overall heat transfer coefficient model, and determine the overall heat transfer coefficient based on the overall heat transfer coefficient model. ; The overall heat transfer coefficient model includes:

[0147] in, , These represent the fouling thermal resistances of the inner and outer walls of the pipe, respectively. The value is the thermal conductivity of the pipe wall.

[0148] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S14 includes: The overall heat transfer coefficient Substitute the total heat exchange area model of the heat exchange equipment into the model, and determine the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area model. ; The total heat transfer area model includes:

[0149] in, For heat conduction on the shell side, The weighted average temperature difference is determined based on thermodynamic parameters. For calculating temperature differences in complex flow patterns, the values ​​are based on the inlet and outlet temperatures on the pipe and shell sides, and take into account the flow arrangement.

[0150] In step S15, determining whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model can be based on a preset threshold. For example, if the total heat exchange area is greater than a preset minimum threshold, the total heat exchange area is deemed to meet the preset conditions of the evaluation model. Alternatively, if the total cost of the heat exchange equipment determined based on the total heat exchange area is less than a preset maximum cost threshold, the total heat exchange area is deemed to meet the preset conditions of the evaluation model. Another approach is to comprehensively evaluate multiple design schemes (different design schemes have different geometric design parameters) determined based on design conditions, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the most optimal design scheme as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model. For example, the total heat exchange area corresponding to the design scheme with the lowest total cost among multiple design schemes is determined to meet the preset conditions of the evaluation model. Or, the total heat exchange area corresponding to the design scheme with the largest total heat exchange area among multiple design schemes is determined to meet the preset conditions of the evaluation model.

[0151] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S21 includes: S51. Based on the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment, determine the allowable range of the key geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment structure; S52. Within the allowable range, determine the key parameter group of the heat exchanger structure, and each key parameter group includes multiple key geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger structure. Meanwhile, step S15 includes: S61. Substitute the total heat exchange area corresponding to each of the key parameter groups into the evaluation model to obtain the corresponding evaluation reference value; S62. Determine the target extreme value from all the evaluation reference values, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the target extreme value as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model.

[0152] In this embodiment, the evaluation reference value is a reference value for evaluating the design parameter scheme of the heat exchange equipment, and the target extreme value is the optimal value among all evaluation reference values. Depending on the type of evaluation reference value, the target extreme value can be the maximum or minimum value among all evaluation reference values. For example, the evaluation reference value can be the total cost of the heat exchange equipment (the total cost can be calculated based on the heat exchange area). From an economic perspective, the lower the total cost of the heat exchange equipment, the better. Therefore, the corresponding target extreme value of the evaluation reference value is the minimum value among all evaluation reference values ​​(i.e., the total cost of the heat exchange equipment). Alternatively, the evaluation reference value can be the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment. From the perspective of the working efficiency of the heat exchange equipment, the larger the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment, the better. Therefore, the corresponding target extreme value of the evaluation reference value is the maximum value among all evaluation reference values ​​(i.e., the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment).

[0153] This embodiment does not explicitly limit the design parameters of the heat exchange equipment. Instead, it preliminarily defines the allowable range of different key geometric design parameters based on the design conditions. Based on this allowable range, a large number of design schemes can be formed. The key parameter groups (i.e., multiple key geometric design parameters) of each design scheme are different (i.e., at least one key geometric design parameter is different in any two design schemes). Correspondingly, the intermediate geometric design parameters and total heat exchange area determined based on the key parameter groups are also different. Consequently, the evaluation reference values ​​determined based on the total heat exchange area are also different. By comprehensively comparing the evaluation reference values ​​corresponding to all design schemes, the optimal scheme (e.g., lowest cost or largest total heat exchange area) can be found from all design schemes according to design requirements (e.g., cost, or heat exchange efficiency).

[0154] Based on this, the aforementioned preset condition can be: the evaluation reference value corresponding to the total heat exchange area reaches the target extreme value (i.e., the maximum or minimum value representing the optimal value of the solution) among the evaluation reference values ​​corresponding to all key parameter groups (or all technical solutions). In this case, the total heat exchange area that meets the preset condition and all its corresponding geometric design parameters (including key geometric design parameters and intermediate geometric design parameters) can be used as the final output target design parameters to guide the design and manufacturing of the heat exchange equipment.

[0155] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In this method, the evaluation model includes: S71. Determine the total cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area; S72. A comprehensive evaluation value is obtained by weighting and comprehensively evaluating the total heat exchange area, the corresponding total heat exchange coefficient, and the total cost. The weighted comprehensive evaluation of the total heat exchange area, the corresponding total heat transfer coefficient, and the total cost can be achieved by first normalizing the total heat exchange area, the total heat transfer coefficient, and the total cost. For example, the normalized values ​​of the total heat exchange area, the total heat transfer coefficient, and the total cost can be:

[0156]

[0157] C

[0158] Where K is the normalized value of the overall heat transfer coefficient. This represents the maximum value of the total heat transfer coefficient for all key parameter groups. This represents the maximum value of the total heat transfer coefficient for all key parameter groups. The total heat transfer coefficient for the i-th key parameter group; This is the normalized value for the total heat exchange area. This represents the maximum total heat transfer area for all key parameter groups. This represents the maximum total heat transfer area for all key parameter groups. Let be the total heat transfer area of ​​the i-th key parameter group; C is the normalized value of the total cost. The maximum value of the total cost for all key parameter groups. The maximum value of the total cost for all key parameter groups. Let be the total cost of the i-th key parameter group.

[0159] Then, based on the design requirements, determine the respective weights of the total heat exchange area, total heat exchange coefficient, and total cost. For example, the weight of the total heat exchange coefficient is 0.4, the weight of the total heat exchange area is 0.3, and the weight of the total cost is 0.3. Then, based on the normalized values ​​of the total heat exchange area, total heat exchange coefficient, and total cost and their corresponding weights, calculate the corresponding comprehensive evaluation value.

[0160] S73. Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of all the key parameter groups, determine the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model. The comprehensive evaluation value is regarded as the evaluation reference value, and the maximum value of all comprehensive evaluation values ​​is regarded as the target extreme value.

[0161] In this embodiment, the total cost is determined based on the total heat exchange area, and a multi-objective comprehensive evaluation model is established considering the heat exchange area, total heat transfer coefficient, and total cost. Appropriate weighting coefficients are assigned to each of these three parameters based on their relative importance. A weighted comprehensive evaluation is then performed on these three parameters based on these weighting coefficients to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value, which is used as the evaluation reference value. The preset condition is that the comprehensive evaluation value reaches the maximum value among all technical solutions. By comparing the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of different design schemes, the design scheme with the maximum comprehensive evaluation value is selected from all design schemes, and the design parameters corresponding to this design scheme are used as target design parameters in the design of the heat exchange equipment. This allows for a comprehensive evaluation of the heat exchanger's performance and cost, resulting in a design that achieves an optimal balance between cost and performance.

[0162] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In this method, the evaluation model includes: S71' Determine the total cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area; S72'. Based on the total cost of all the key parameter groups, determine the minimum value of the total cost, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the minimum value of the total cost as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model. The total cost is used as the evaluation reference value, and the target extreme value is the minimum of all the total costs.

[0163] In this embodiment, a single-objective evaluation model for the total cost of the heat exchanger is established. The total cost is determined based on the total heat exchange area and used as an evaluation reference value. By comparing the total costs under different design schemes, the design scheme with the lowest total cost is selected. The preset condition is that the total cost reaches the minimum value among all technical solutions. This allows for the evaluation of heat exchanger design schemes based on cost, resulting in a design with the lowest possible cost.

[0164] It should be noted that the total cost of the heat exchange equipment includes the total production cost and the total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment.

[0165] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S71 or step S71' includes: S81. Determine the tube-side pressure loss and shell-side pressure loss based on the total heat exchange area. S82. Determine the pumping power of the heat exchanger based on the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss; S83. Determine the total production cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area; determine the total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the pumping power; determine the total cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total production cost and the total operating cost.

[0166] In this embodiment, the pressure loss of the heat exchange equipment is taken as a key factor affecting the total operating cost. The pressure loss is obtained in combination with the total heat exchange area. At the same time, the total production cost is obtained based on the total heat exchange area. This makes the total cost, which consists of the total operating cost and the total production cost, closely related to the technical solution determined by this method, thereby improving the accuracy of the total cost calculation and the matching degree with the actual working conditions.

[0167] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S81 includes: S91, based on the total heat exchange area outer diameter of heat exchange tubes The number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the length of the heat exchanger tubes ,include:

[0168] S92, based on the heat exchanger tube length and the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the pressure loss on the tube side of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0169] in, For the pipe-side fluid density, For pipe-side flow velocity, For the number of processes on the pipe side, The coefficient of friction on the pipe side; S93, Based on the shell-side Reynolds number and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the ideal pressure drop at the center section of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0170]

[0171] in, The density of the fluid on the shell side. For thermally conductive fluid dynamic viscosity, This is the proportionality constant in Newton's second law of motion. This represents the number of effective pipes per single cross-section; S94, Based on the shell-side Reynolds number Determine the ideal pressure drop of a single window section on the shell side of the heat exchanger. ,include: when hour:

[0172] when hour:

[0173] in, For the mass flow rate of the window section, The effective number of tubes flowing through a window zone in a segmental baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger; S95, based on the ideal pressure drop of a single window section on the shell side of the heat exchanger. Determine the pressure loss on the shell side of the heat exchanger. ,include:

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] In the formula: The number of baffles in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger; The bypass flow correction factor is determined by the implementation type and the number of sealing strips. This is the correction factor for leakage flow in the pipe-baffle-shell system; The correction factor for the inlet and outlet sections is different from that of the center section baffle.

[0177] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S82 includes: S96, reduce pipe-side pressure loss and shell side pressure loss Substitute the values ​​into the pumping power calculation model of the heat exchanger, and determine the pumping power of the heat exchanger based on the pumping power calculation model. ; The pumping power calculation model includes:

[0178] in, For pump efficiency, For pipe-side mass flow rate, For the pipe-side fluid density, This is the shell-side mass flow rate. The density is the fluid density on the shell side.

[0179] In conjunction with the above embodiments, in one implementation, the present invention also provides a method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger. In the method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, step S83 includes: S97. Determine the total production cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area, including:

[0180] in, The total production cost of the heat exchange equipment. For fixed cost coefficients, This is the proportionality coefficient for variable cost items. This is a cost index coefficient; for example, in equipment made of stainless steel: =8000, =259.2, =0.91, where, , , It can be determined through a combination of database statistics and regression analysis.

[0181] S98. Determine the total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the pumping power, including:

[0182]

[0183] in, The total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment. For annual operating costs, For energy costs, Working hours For the discount rate, This refers to the service life; S99. Determine the total cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total production cost and the total operating cost, including:

[0184] in, This represents the total cost of the heat exchange equipment.

[0185] In this embodiment, the total cost of the heat exchange equipment in each design scheme is determined through the above steps, thereby providing data support for the evaluation model.

[0186] To better illustrate the above embodiments of this application, the following examples are also provided for explanation: First, based on the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment, the key geometric design parameters and their allowable ranges that characterize the heat exchange equipment are selected and defined, including the outer diameter of the shell, the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes, the baffle spacing, the baffle cutting length, the tube spacing, and the tube bundle arrangement. Based on the values ​​of shell outer diameter, heat exchange tube outer diameter, baffle spacing, baffle cutting length, tube spacing, and allowable range of tube bundle arrangement, a design scheme is selected. According to steps S31-S39, the intermediate geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment are determined, including the shell-tube radial clearance, tube bundle outer diameter, inner and outer tube center circle diameter, tube-shell baffle clearance, baffle inner angle, baffle outer angle, fraction of heat exchanger single tube section, fraction of cross-flow section tubes to total tubes, number of tubes in single-pass shell, number of tubes in window section, total window area of ​​heat exchanger, area occupied by window section tubes, net flow area of ​​single window section, hydraulic diameter of heat exchanger window section, effective number of tubes flowing through single section, effective number of tubes flowing through single window area, leakage area between heat exchanger shell and baffle, leakage area between tubes and baffle, and shell-side cross-flow area; and the baffle structure correction coefficient and inlet / outlet section baffle spacing correction coefficient are calculated.

[0187] Based on the baffle structure correction coefficient and the inlet / outlet cross-section baffle spacing correction coefficient calculated above, and combined with the tube-side and shell-side Reynolds numbers of the heat exchanger, the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient are calculated according to steps S41-S43, respectively. Then, intermediate geometric design parameters such as the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the average heat transfer area inside and outside the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness are further introduced. Based on the overall heat transfer coefficient model, the overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchanger is determined, and based on the overall heat transfer area model, the overall heat transfer area of ​​the heat exchanger is determined.

[0188] Based on the total heat exchange area, the total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined according to steps S91-S99. Then, a weighted comprehensive evaluation is performed on the total heat exchange area, total heat transfer coefficient, and total cost to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value.

[0189] Within the allowable ranges of shell outer diameter, heat exchange tube outer diameter, baffle spacing, baffle cutting length, tube spacing, and tube bundle arrangement, multiple design schemes are selected. The comprehensive evaluation value of all design schemes is calculated. The geometric design parameters and total heat exchange area of ​​the design scheme corresponding to the largest comprehensive evaluation value are taken as the final output target design parameters to guide the design and manufacturing of heat exchange equipment.

[0190] Based on this, the technical solution output by this embodiment is compared with the optimization results of the commercial simulation software Aspen EDR. As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the error range of the output of this embodiment is within 20%, which verifies the feasibility and accuracy of this method. Moreover, compared with the commercial simulation software Aspen EDR, the technical solution of this application takes into account both flexibility and engineering feasibility, and is applicable to the design optimization of heat exchange equipment under various working conditions.

[0191] Table 1. Validation of the heat exchanger optimization design method and the Aspen EDR deviation model

[0192] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of this application provides a heat exchanger optimization design system, such as... Figure 2 The diagram 300 shows an optimized design system for a heat exchanger, the system comprising: The design parameter determination module 301 is used to determine the thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment according to the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment. The geometric design parameters include at least the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The heat transfer film coefficient determination module 302 is used to determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the geometric design parameters. The heat transfer coefficient determination module 303 is used to determine the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The total heat exchange area determination module 304 is used to determine the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the thermodynamic parameters and the total heat transfer coefficient. The judgment module 305 is used to substitute the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model, determine whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model, take the geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area that meets the preset conditions as the target design parameters, and apply the target design parameters to the design of the heat exchange equipment.

[0193] Optionally, the design parameter determination module 301 includes: The key geometric design parameter determination module is used to determine multiple key geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger structure based on the design conditions of the heat exchanger. The intermediate geometric design parameter determination module is used to determine the intermediate geometric design parameters and correction coefficients of the heat exchange equipment based on the thermodynamic parameters and the key geometric design parameters. The intermediate geometric design parameters include the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The correction coefficients include at least the baffle structure correction coefficient and the inlet and outlet cross-section baffle spacing correction coefficient.

[0194] Optionally, the design parameter determination module 301 also includes: The critical geometric design parameter range determination module is used to determine the allowable range of critical geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger structure based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchanger. The key parameter group selection module is used to determine the key parameter group of the heat exchanger structure within the allowable range. Each key parameter group includes multiple key geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger structure.

[0195] Optionally, the judgment module 305 includes: The evaluation reference value determination module is used to substitute the total heat exchange area corresponding to each of the key parameter groups into the evaluation model to obtain the corresponding evaluation reference value; The target extreme value determination module is used to determine the target extreme value from all the evaluation reference values, and to determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the target extreme value as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model.

[0196] In addition, optionally, the determination module 305 includes: The total cost determination module is used to determine the total cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area. The comprehensive evaluation value determination module is used to perform a weighted comprehensive evaluation of the total heat exchange area, the corresponding total heat exchange coefficient, and the total cost to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value. The module for determining the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value is used to determine the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value based on the comprehensive evaluation values ​​of all the key parameter groups, and to determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model.

[0197] In addition, optionally, the determination module 305 includes: The total cost determination module is used to determine the total cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area. The total cost minimum determination module is used to determine the minimum total cost based on the total cost of all the key parameter groups, and to determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the minimum total cost as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model.

[0198] Optional, the total cost determination module includes: The pressure loss determination module is used to determine the tube-side pressure loss and shell-side pressure loss based on the total heat exchange area. A pumping power determination module is used to determine the pumping power of the heat exchanger based on the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss. The total cost calculation module is used to determine the total production cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area; determine the total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the pumping power; and determine the total cost of the heat exchange equipment based on the total production cost and the total operating cost.

[0199] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of this application provides a heat exchange device, which is manufactured using the target design parameters determined by any of the heat exchange device optimization design methods described in the above embodiments.

[0200] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps in any of the heat exchanger optimization design methods described in the above embodiments.

[0201] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of this application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of any of the heat exchanger optimization design methods described in the above embodiments.

[0202] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0203] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0204] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0205] Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes that element.

[0206] The above provides a detailed description of the economic evaluation method, system, medium, and equipment for an energy storage system provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the design of a heat exchanger, characterized in that, The method includes: Based on the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment, determine the thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment. The geometric design parameters include at least the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness. Based on the geometric design parameters, determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchanger. The overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the thermodynamic parameters and the overall heat transfer coefficient. Substitute the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model to determine whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model. Use the geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area that meets the preset conditions as the target design parameters and apply the target design parameters to the design of the heat exchange equipment.

2. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchanger, determine the geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger, including: Based on the design conditions of the heat exchange equipment, several key geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment structure are determined; Based on the thermodynamic parameters and the key geometric design parameters, the intermediate geometric design parameters and correction coefficients of the heat exchange equipment are determined. The intermediate geometric design parameters include the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness. The correction coefficients include at least the baffle structure correction coefficient and the inlet and outlet cross-section baffle spacing correction coefficient.

3. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The key geometric design parameters include the outer diameter of the shell, the outer diameter of the heat exchange tubes, the baffle spacing, the baffle cutting length, the tube spacing, and the tube bundle arrangement.

4. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the thermodynamic parameters and the key geometric design parameters, the intermediate geometric design parameters and correction coefficients of the heat exchanger are determined, including: According to the outer diameter of the shell and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the radial clearance of the heat exchanger shell and tube. Tube diameter and the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes ,include: According to the outer diameter of the shell baffle cutting length and the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes Determine the tube-shell baffle clearance of the heat exchanger. The inner corner of the baffle and the outer corner of the baffle ,include: According to the outer corner of the baffle Determine the cross-sectional fraction of a single pipe in the heat exchanger. The fraction of the total number of pipes with cross-flow sections. ,include: Based on the center circle diameter of the inner and outer tubes Pipe spacing and the cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe in the heat exchanger Determine the number of pipes in a single-pass shell. and the number of pipes in the window section ,include: According to the outer diameter of the shell The inner corner of the baffle baffle cutting length outer diameter of heat exchange tubes The cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe in the heat exchanger The number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the total window area of ​​the heat exchanger. Area occupied by piping in the window section and net flow area of ​​a single window cross section ,include: Based on the net flow area of ​​a single window cross section outer diameter of heat exchange tubes Number of pipes in the window section Outer diameter of the shell Diameter of the center circle of the inner and outer tubes The inner corner of the baffle and baffle cutting length Determine the hydraulic diameter of the heat exchanger window section. The number of effective pipes flowing through a single cross-section and the effective number of pipes flowing through the single window area ,include: in, This refers to the longitudinal pipe spacing; According to the outer diameter of the shell Tube diameter Diameter of the center circle of the inner and outer tubes Heat exchanger tube-shell baffle clearance The inner corner of the baffle outer diameter of heat exchange tubes Number of pipes in a single-pass shell The cross-sectional area occupied by a single pipe in the heat exchanger Determine the leakage area between the heat exchanger shell and the baffle plate. Leakage area between pipes and baffles and shell-side crossflow area ,include: in, The horizontal pipe spacing, The gap is the diameter. Based on the fraction of the number of cross-flow cross-section pipes to the total number of pipes Determine the baffle structure correction coefficient Correction factor for the distance between inlet and outlet section baffles ,include: in, , These are the correlation factors, which can be represented as: Based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube baffle spacing Number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger piping. Inner surface area of ​​heat exchanger piping Average heat transfer area inside and outside the heat exchanger tubes and pipe wall thickness ,include: in, This is the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube.

5. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchanger based on the geometric design parameters includes: According to the longitudinal pipe spacing Horizontal pipe spacing Determine the shell-side Nucher number of the heat exchanger. ,include: in, The shell-side Reynolds number, This is an intermediate value for the shell-side correction factor. The shell-side Prandtl number; Based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube Nuschl number on the shell side of the heat exchanger baffle structure correction coefficient Correction factor for the distance between inlet and outlet section baffles Determine the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient under pure crossflow in an ideal tube configuration for the heat exchanger. and shell-side heat transfer coefficient ,include: in, The thermal conductivity is the shell-side conductivity. For the correction factors of the tube bundle flow path and bypass flow path, This is a correction factor for the larger gap between the inlet and outlet baffles. This is the correction factor for the countercurrent temperature gradient in laminar flow; Based on the outer diameter of the heat exchanger tube and tube-side Reynolds number Determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient ,include: when hour: when hour: when hour: in, For the tube-side Prandtl number, The value is the thermal conductivity on the tube side.

6. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overall heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger tubes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger tubes, and the tube wall thickness, including: The heat transfer coefficient on the tube side Shell-side heat transfer coefficient , Area of ​​the outer side of the heat exchanger pipes Inner surface area of ​​heat exchanger piping Average heat transfer area inside and outside the heat exchanger tubes and pipe wall thickness Substitute the values ​​into the overall heat transfer coefficient model, and determine the overall heat transfer coefficient based on the overall heat transfer coefficient model. ; The overall heat transfer coefficient model includes: in, , These represent the fouling thermal resistances of the inner and outer walls of the pipe, respectively. The value is the thermal conductivity of the pipe wall.

7. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Determining the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the thermodynamic parameters and the overall heat transfer coefficient includes: The overall heat transfer coefficient Substitute the total heat exchange area model of the heat exchange equipment into the model, and determine the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the total heat exchange area model. ; The total heat transfer area model includes: in, For heat conduction on the shell side, This is the weighted average temperature difference.

8. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchanger, several key geometric design parameters of the heat exchanger structure are determined, including: Based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchange equipment, determine the allowable range of the key geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment structure; Within the allowable range, a set of key parameters for the heat exchanger structure is determined, and each set of key parameters includes multiple key geometric design parameters for the heat exchanger structure. Substituting the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model, the method determines whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model, including: Substitute the total heat exchange area corresponding to each of the key parameter groups into the evaluation model to obtain the corresponding evaluation reference value; The target extreme value is determined from all the evaluation reference values, and the total heat exchange area corresponding to the target extreme value is judged to meet the preset conditions of the evaluation model.

9. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The evaluation model includes: The total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area. The total heat exchange area, the corresponding total heat exchange coefficient, and the total cost are weighted and comprehensively evaluated to obtain a comprehensive evaluation value. Based on the comprehensive evaluation value of all the key parameter groups, determine the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the maximum value of the comprehensive evaluation value as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model; The comprehensive evaluation value is regarded as the evaluation reference value, and the maximum value of all comprehensive evaluation values ​​is regarded as the target extreme value.

10. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The evaluation model includes: The total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area. Based on the total cost of all the key parameter groups, determine the minimum value of the total cost, and determine the total heat exchange area corresponding to the minimum value of the total cost as meeting the preset conditions of the evaluation model; The total cost is used as the evaluation reference value, and the target extreme value is the minimum of all the total costs.

11. A heat exchanger optimization design method according to any one of claims 9-10, characterized in that, The total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area, including: Based on the total heat exchange area, determine the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss; The pumping power of the heat exchanger is determined based on the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss. The total production cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total heat exchange area; the total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the pumping power; and the total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total production cost and the total operating cost.

12. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Based on the total heat exchange area, determine the tube-side pressure loss and shell-side pressure loss, including: Based on the total heat exchange area outer diameter of heat exchange tubes The number of pipes in a single-pass shell Determine the length of the heat exchanger tubes ,include: Based on the heat exchanger tube length and the inner diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the pressure loss on the tube side of the heat exchanger. ,include: in, For the pipe-side fluid density, For pipe-side flow velocity, For the number of processes on the pipe side, The coefficient of friction on the pipe side; According to the shell-side Reynolds number and the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube Determine the ideal pressure drop at the center section of the heat exchanger. ,include: in, The density of the fluid on the shell side. For thermally conductive fluid dynamic viscosity, This is the proportionality constant in Newton's second law of motion. This represents the number of effective pipes per single cross-section; According to the shell-side Reynolds number Determine the ideal pressure drop of a single window section on the shell side of the heat exchanger. ,include: when hour: when hour: in, For the mass flow rate of the window section, The effective number of tubes flowing through a window zone in a segmental baffle shell-and-tube heat exchanger; Based on the ideal pressure drop of a single window section on the shell side of the heat exchanger Determine the pressure loss on the shell side of the heat exchanger. ,include: In the formula: The number of baffles in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger; This is the bypass flow correction factor; This is the correction factor for leakage flow in the pipe-baffle-shell system; The correction factor for the inlet and outlet sections is different from that of the center section baffle.

13. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Determining the pumping power of the heat exchanger based on the tube-side pressure loss and the shell-side pressure loss includes: Reduce pipe-side pressure loss and shell side pressure loss Substitute the values ​​into the pumping power calculation model of the heat exchanger, and determine the pumping power of the heat exchanger based on the pumping power calculation model. ; The pumping power calculation model includes: in, For pump efficiency, For pipe-side mass flow rate, For the pipe-side fluid density, This is the shell-side mass flow rate. The density is the fluid density on the shell side.

14. The heat exchanger optimization design method according to claim 11, characterized in that, Based on the total heat exchange area, the total production cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined, including: in, The total production cost of the heat exchange equipment. For fixed cost coefficients, This is the proportionality coefficient for variable cost items. This is the cost index coefficient; The total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the pumping power, including: in, The total operating cost of the heat exchange equipment. For annual operating costs, For energy costs, Working hours For the discount rate, This refers to the service life; The total cost of the heat exchange equipment is determined based on the total production cost and the total operating cost, including: in, This represents the total cost of the heat exchange equipment.

15. A heat exchanger optimization design system, characterized in that, The system includes: The design parameter determination module is used to determine the thermodynamic parameters and geometric design parameters of the heat exchange equipment based on the design operating conditions of the heat exchange equipment. The geometric design parameters include at least the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipes, and the pipe wall thickness. The heat transfer film coefficient determination module is used to determine the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient and the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the geometric design parameters. The heat transfer coefficient determination module is used to determine the total heat transfer coefficient of the heat exchange equipment based on the tube-side heat transfer film coefficient, the shell-side heat transfer film coefficient, the outer area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, the inner area of ​​the heat exchanger pipe, and the pipe wall thickness. The total heat exchange area determination module is used to determine the total heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchange equipment based on the thermodynamic parameters and the total heat transfer coefficient. The judgment module is used to substitute the total heat exchange area into the evaluation model, determine whether the total heat exchange area meets the preset conditions of the evaluation model, take the geometric design parameters corresponding to the total heat exchange area that meets the preset conditions as the target design parameters, and apply the target design parameters to the design of the heat exchange equipment.

16. A heat exchange device, characterized in that, The equipment is manufactured using the target design parameters determined by the heat exchanger optimization design method as described in any one of claims 1-14.

17. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps in the heat exchanger optimization design method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

18. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the heat exchanger optimization design method as described in any one of claims 1 to 14.

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