ABS high-value utilization method
By preparing and compounding ABS shredded material from household appliances and ABS shredded material from industrial waste plastics, the problem of insufficient mechanical properties of ABS recycled material from waste household appliances was solved, and the preparation of low-cost, high-performance products was achieved, meeting the mechanical performance requirements.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- ZHUHAI GREE GREEN RESOURCES RECYCLING CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-22
AI Technical Summary
The impact strength and tensile strength of ABS recycled materials extracted from waste household appliances in the current technology are low and cannot meet the mechanical performance requirements. Directly mixing them with new materials would increase costs.
By preparing recycled ABS materials from household appliances and recycled ABS materials from industrial waste, their properties are obtained, and a formula containing at least one of these materials is formulated according to the requirements of the product to be processed. By utilizing the low-cost advantage of recycled ABS materials from household appliances and the mechanical properties of recycled ABS materials from industrial waste, a low-cost, high-performance product can be prepared.
It enables low-cost, high-performance preparation of products to be processed, meeting mechanical performance requirements while reducing production costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN122071602A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of ABS product design, and more particularly to a method for high-value utilization of ABS. Background Technology
[0002] ABS plastic is a terpolymer of acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B), and styrene (S). The relative amounts of these three monomers can be varied to create various resins. The resulting resin combines the properties of all three components: A provides chemical resistance, heat resistance, and a certain surface hardness; B provides high elasticity and toughness; and S provides the processing and molding characteristics of thermoplastics and improves electrical properties. Therefore, ABS plastic is a "tough, hard, and rigid" material that is readily available, has good overall performance, is inexpensive, and has a wide range of applications. ABS plastic has been widely used in machinery, electrical, textile, automotive, aircraft, shipbuilding, and other manufacturing industries, as well as in the chemical industry.
[0003] In existing technologies, to save on the synthesis cost of ABS resin, recycled ABS materials are typically extracted and recycled from waste household appliances, and then used to prepare products. For example, patent CN113172794A discloses a method for recycling ABS materials and the recycled ABS materials obtained, belonging to the field of polymer material recycling technology. The disclosed technical solution for recycling ABS materials includes: first, pre-cooling the ABS waste at -10 to -30°C, which greatly reduces dust pollution and fragment loss during crushing; then rinsing with seawater, which is more environmentally friendly and convenient than the conventional method of adding NaCl to clean water; then washing with clean water; and finally dehydrating and drying to obtain the recycled ABS materials, which can be used to prepare functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube composite materials.
[0004] However, the impact strength and tensile strength of ABS recycled material extracted from waste household appliances are low, which cannot meet the requirements of the products to be processed that have certain mechanical properties. If a small amount of ABS recycled material is directly mixed with a large amount of ABS new material for granulation, the cost of the products to be processed will be greatly increased. Summary of the Invention
[0005] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for high-value utilization of ABS. The method determines the formulation of recycled ABS from household appliances, recycled ABS from industrial waste, and virgin ABS based on the performance of the product to be processed. It utilizes the low cost advantage of recycled ABS from household appliances and the good mechanical properties of recycled ABS from industrial waste to achieve the preparation of low-cost, high-performance products to be processed.
[0006] A method for high-value utilization of ABS includes:
[0007] Prepare recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances and obtain its properties; the recycled ABS shredded material is extracted from waste household appliances.
[0008] Prepare industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material and obtain the properties of industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material; the industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material is extracted from ABS industrial waste plastic;
[0009] Obtain the properties of virgin ABS material;
[0010] Formulate a mixture containing at least one of the following: recycled ABS material from household appliances, recycled ABS material from industrial waste, and virgin ABS material, based on the performance requirements of the product to be processed.
[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for extracting ABS crushed material from recycled household appliances includes:
[0012] Dismantling waste household appliances yields a mixture of ABS semi-finished products;
[0013] The ABS semi-finished product mixture is washed with brine to obtain the ABS finished product mixture;
[0014] Electrostatic separation is performed on the ABS finished product mixture to obtain shredded ABS material for recycling household appliances.
[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the waste household appliance includes at least one of a liquid crystal display casing, a television casing, and an air conditioner casing.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the brine cleaning includes: sequentially subjecting the ABS semi-finished product mixture to brine cleaning of 23wt%-28wt%, brine cleaning of 12wt%-18wt%, and clean water cleaning; wherein, brine cleaning of 23wt%-28wt% can remove metallic impurities from the ABS semi-finished product mixture; and brine cleaning of 12wt%-18wt% can remove alloy impurities from the ABS semi-finished product mixture.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after electrostatic separation of the cleaned crushed material, household appliance recycled ABS crushed material and ABS unqualified material are obtained. The ABS unqualified material is then washed with brine and electrostatically separated again to obtain household appliance recycled ABS crushed material.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the performance of obtaining recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances includes:
[0019] The slag material from recycled ABS of household appliances is extruded and granulated, and its performance is tested to obtain the properties of the slag material.
[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method for extracting the industrial waste ABS crushed material includes:
[0021] Industrial waste plastics are sorted to obtain ABS semi-finished industrial waste plastics;
[0022] The semi-finished ABS industrial waste plastic is crushed to obtain crushed industrial waste ABS plastic material.
[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the industrial waste plastic includes at least one of an air conditioner casing, a cover plate, an evaporator bracket, and a sprue.
[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the properties of the product to be processed include: color, impact strength, tensile strength, and melt flow index.
[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the product to be processed further includes a toughening agent and a colorant.
[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:
[0027] This invention provides a method for high-value utilization of ABS, comprising: preparing recycled ABS material from household appliances and obtaining its properties; the recycled ABS material is extracted from waste household appliances; preparing recycled ABS material from industrial waste plastics and obtaining its properties; the recycled ABS material is extracted from ABS industrial waste plastics; obtaining the properties of virgin ABS; and formulating a mixture containing at least one of recycled ABS material from household appliances, recycled ABS material from industrial waste plastics, and virgin ABS according to the performance requirements of the product to be processed. This application determines the formula of recycled ABS material from household appliances, recycled ABS material from industrial waste plastics, and virgin ABS based on the performance of the product to be processed, utilizing the low cost of recycled ABS material from household appliances and the good mechanical properties of recycled ABS material from industrial waste plastics to achieve low-cost, high-performance preparation of the product to be processed. Attached Figure Description
[0028] Figure 1 This is the ABS plastic processing flow for this application. Detailed Implementation
[0029] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the invention will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
[0030] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this invention and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
[0031] It should be understood that although the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., may be used in this invention to describe various information, this information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, first information may also be referred to as second information, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Thus, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.
[0032] Example 1
[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a method for high-value utilization of ABS, comprising:
[0034] S1: Prepare recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances and obtain the properties of the recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances; the recycled ABS shredded material is extracted from waste household appliances.
[0035] Waste household appliances include at least one of the following: LCD screen casing, TV casing, and air conditioner casing.
[0036] The impact strength of ABS shredded material recycled from household appliances is 6-9 (KJ / m). 2 The tensile strength is between 38-42 MPa.
[0037] S2: Prepare industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material and obtain the properties of industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material; the industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material is extracted from ABS industrial waste plastic.
[0038] The industrial waste plastics include at least one of the following: air conditioner casing, cover plate, evaporator bracket, and sprue.
[0039] The impact strength of industrial waste ABS crushed material is 15-25 (KJ / m). 2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0040] S3: Obtain the properties of virgin ABS material.
[0041] The impact strength of virgin ABS material is 20-25 (KJ / m).2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0042] S4: Formulate a mixture containing at least one of the following: recycled ABS material from household appliances, recycled ABS material from industrial waste, and virgin ABS material, based on the performance requirements of the product to be processed.
[0043] The properties of the product to be processed include mechanical properties and color. Specific mechanical properties include impact strength, tensile strength, and melt flow index. Color refers to the color of the product to be processed. If the product to be processed is white, then the preferred color for recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances or industrial waste plastics is white. If the product to be processed is black, then the preferred color for recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances or industrial waste plastics is black or a dark color.
[0044] In this application, the recycled ABS shredded material is extracted from used waste household appliances. Because the waste household appliances have been used, the impact strength and tensile strength of the recycled ABS shredded material are relatively weak. When the impact strength and tensile strength requirements of the product to be processed are relatively low, a large amount of recycled ABS shredded material can be added to the formula to reduce the cost of the product to be processed, while ensuring that the mechanical properties of the product to be processed meet the requirements.
[0045] The ABS waste material in this application is extracted from unused industrial waste, which refers to scraps and offcuts generated during product processing. This unused material possesses essentially the same mechanical properties as virgin ABS, meaning it has good mechanical properties and is relatively cheaper than recycled household appliances. However, compared to virgin ABS, its cost is relatively lower, and due to multiple processing steps, its mechanical properties are slightly inferior.
[0046] Virgin ABS refers to newly synthesized ABS resin, which has a higher cost and better mechanical properties.
[0047] Therefore, in terms of cost, the cost of virgin ABS is greater than the cost of shredded ABS from industrial waste plastics, and the cost of shredded ABS from industrial waste plastics is greater than the cost of shredded ABS from recycled household appliances.
[0048] In terms of mechanical properties, virgin ABS material has better mechanical properties than shredded industrial waste ABS material, which in turn has better mechanical properties than shredded household appliance recycled ABS material.
[0049] When the requirements for impact strength and tensile strength of the product to be processed are relatively low, a large amount of recycled ABS material from household appliances can be added to the formula to reduce the cost of the product to be processed, while ensuring that the mechanical properties of the product to be processed meet the requirements.
[0050] When the product to be processed has high requirements for impact strength and tensile strength, a large amount of industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material can be added to the formula to reduce the cost of the product to be processed, while ensuring that the mechanical properties of the product to be processed meet the requirements.
[0051] Example 2
[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a method for high-value utilization of ABS, comprising:
[0053] S1: Prepare shredded ABS material from recycled household appliances and obtain its properties; the shredded ABS material is extracted from waste household appliances. Includes:
[0054] S11: Dismantling waste household appliances yields an ABS semi-finished product mixture; the waste household appliances include at least one of LCD screen back covers, television back covers, and air conditioner back covers. Typically, LCD screen back covers and television back covers are black and gray, while air conditioner back covers are white. In this application, the ABS semi-finished product mixture refers to the mixture of ABS and PS after the waste household appliances have been crushed. Subsequent cleaning is required to separate the ABS and PS.
[0055] S12: The ABS semi-finished product mixture is subjected to brine washing to obtain the ABS finished product mixture; the brine washing includes: sequentially washing the ABS semi-finished product mixture with 23wt%-28wt% brine, washing with 12wt%-18wt% brine, and washing with clean water; wherein, the 23wt%-28wt% brine washing can remove metallic impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture; the 12wt%-18wt% brine washing can remove alloy impurities and high-density impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture; and the clean water washing can remove low-density impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture.
[0056] Here, "high-density impurities" and "low-density impurities" are relative terms. In solutions with high brine concentrations, high-density impurities and the ABS semi-finished product mixture will separate into layers due to the density difference between them and the brine, thus achieving separation of the high-density impurities and the ABS semi-finished product mixture. Brine refers to a sodium chloride solution of a corresponding mass concentration.
[0057] S13: Electrostatically separate the ABS finished product mixture to obtain recycled ABS crushed material for household appliances.
[0058] Specifically, this application involves electrostatically separating the ABS finished product mixture to obtain recycled ABS shredded material and unqualified ABS material. The recycled ABS shredded material refers to the material that passes the electrostatic separation. This material can be directly used as raw material for the products to be processed.
[0059] To maximize material utilization, this application allows for further brine washing and electrostatic sorting of substandard ABS materials to obtain qualified recycled ABS shredded material for household appliances; specifically including:
[0060] S131: For ABS materials with a purity ≥ 80% that are not up to standard, a second electrostatic sorting process can be performed to screen out ABS scrap and non-compliant ABS materials used in appliance recycling. Purity refers to the mass fraction of ABS in the non-compliant ABS materials.
[0061] S132: For ABS non-conforming materials with a purity range of 50%-80%, it is necessary to return to step S12 and sequentially wash the non-conforming ABS materials with 23wt%-28wt% brine, 12wt%-18wt% brine, and clean water; then perform electrostatic sorting a second time to screen out ABS crushed materials and non-conforming ABS materials for recycling household appliances.
[0062] S133: ABS materials with a purity of less than 50% are considered substandard and can be discarded directly.
[0063] S14: Obtain the properties of recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances, including:
[0064] The shredded ABS material from recycled household appliances is extruded and granulated, and its performance is then tested to obtain the properties of the shredded ABS material. Specific performance testing methods include:
[0065] Weigh 3-5 kg of ABS crushed material from recycled home appliances and extrude it into granules. Extrusion granulation refers to placing the ABS crushed material from recycled home appliances into an extruder, mixing it evenly after stirring and melting it at high temperature, then stretching the mixture into long strips, cooling it in water, drying it, and cutting it into pellets. This granulated material is then processed into ABS granules from recycled home appliances.
[0066] The recycled ABS granules from household appliances are subjected to ten RoHS tests to see if the raw materials meet environmental standards. The qualified raw materials are then placed in an injection molding machine to process into small samples for subsequent testing of the material's mechanical properties (including impact, tensile, bending, melt flow index, color difference, etc.).
[0067] After the small samples were left to stand for a period of time, their mechanical properties were tested. Samples were tested after 2 hours, 12 hours, 48 hours and 88 hours, and the data decay was compared simultaneously.
[0068] Based on the above tests, it can be concluded that the impact strength of recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances is 6-9 (KJ / m). 2 The tensile strength is between 38-42 MPa.
[0069] S2: Prepare shredded ABS industrial waste plastic and obtain its properties; the shredded ABS industrial waste plastic is extracted from ABS industrial waste plastic. Specifically, it includes:
[0070] S21: Sorting industrial waste plastics to obtain ABS semi-finished industrial waste plastics; since the industrial waste plastics are marked with specific plastic types, only sorting is required to select the industrial waste plastics marked with ABS. The industrial waste plastics include at least one of air conditioner casings, covers, evaporator brackets, and sprues, and are generally available in three colors: black, white, and gray.
[0071] S22: Crushing ABS semi-finished waste plastic to obtain ABS waste plastic crushed material.
[0072] S23: Obtain the properties of ABS semi-finished waste plastics, including:
[0073] The semi-finished ABS industrial waste plastic is extruded and granulated, and its performance is tested to obtain the properties of the semi-finished ABS industrial waste plastic. Specific performance testing methods include:
[0074] Weigh 3-5 kg of ABS semi-finished industrial waste plastic for extrusion granulation. Extrusion granulation refers to placing ABS semi-finished industrial waste plastic in an extruder, mixing it evenly after stirring and high-temperature melting, then stretching the mixture into long strips, cooling it in water, drying it, and cutting it into pellets. This granulated material is then processed into ABS industrial waste plastic pellets.
[0075] The industrial waste plastic ABS granules are subjected to ten RoHS tests to see if the raw materials meet environmental standards. Then, the qualified raw materials are placed in an injection molding machine to process into small samples for subsequent material mechanical property testing (including impact, tensile, bending, melt flow index, color difference, etc.).
[0076] After the small samples were left to stand for a period of time, their mechanical properties were tested. Samples were tested after 2 hours, 12 hours, 48 hours and 88 hours, and the data decay was compared simultaneously.
[0077] Tests show that the impact strength of shredded industrial waste ABS plastic is between 15-25 kJ / m³. 2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0078] S3: Obtain the performance of virgin ABS material. Specific performance testing methods include:
[0079] Weigh 3-5 kg of virgin ABS material for extrusion granulation. Extrusion granulation refers to placing the virgin ABS material in an extruder, mixing it evenly after stirring and high-temperature melting, then stretching the mixture into long strips, cooling it in water, drying it, and cutting it into pellets. This granulated material is then processed into virgin ABS granules.
[0080] The new ABS granules are subjected to ten RoHS tests to see if the raw materials meet environmental standards. The qualified raw materials are then placed in an injection molding machine and processed into small samples for subsequent testing of the material's mechanical properties (including impact, tensile, bending, melt flow index, color difference, etc.).
[0081] After the small samples were left to stand for a period of time, their mechanical properties were tested. Samples were tested after 2 hours, 12 hours, 48 hours and 88 hours, and the data decay was compared simultaneously.
[0082] Tests show that the impact strength of virgin ABS material is 20-25 (KJ / m²). 2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0083] S4: Formulate a mixture containing at least one of the following: recycled ABS material from household appliances, recycled ABS material from industrial waste, and virgin ABS material, based on the performance requirements of the product to be processed.
[0084] The properties of the product to be processed include: color, impact strength, tensile strength, and melt flow index.
[0085] The product to be processed also includes a toughening agent and color powder, the color powder being used to adjust the color of the product. When the product to be processed is black, the color powder may include, for example, black sand or carbon black.
[0086] Based on the performance and color requirements of the product to be processed, and considering the properties of the three recycled materials themselves, generally 80%-90% black materials such as LCD back covers and TV back covers, and 10-20% white ABS air conditioner materials are selected. The selection of white materials is often limited by the color of the end product. If the black requirement is not high, a small amount of white recycled material can be added. However, if the black requirement is high, adding white recycled material will increase the cost of color matching and can be discarded.
[0087] When the requirements for impact strength and tensile strength of the product to be processed are relatively low, a large amount of recycled ABS material from household appliances can be added to the formula to reduce the cost of the product to be processed, while ensuring that the mechanical properties of the product to be processed meet the requirements.
[0088] When the product to be processed has high requirements for impact strength and tensile strength, a large amount of industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material can be added to the formula to reduce the cost of the product to be processed, while ensuring that the mechanical properties of the product to be processed meet the requirements.
[0089] Example 3
[0090] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 2 is as follows:
[0091] Following steps S11-S14 in Example 2, liquid crystal recycled ABS crushed material and its corresponding properties are obtained for the liquid crystal bottom shell from waste household appliances.
[0092] Following steps S11-S14 in Example 2, the ABS recycled material from discarded household appliances and its corresponding properties are obtained.
[0093] Following steps S11-S14 in Example 2, the ABS recycled material from waste household appliances and its corresponding properties are obtained.
[0094] Following steps S21-S23 in Example 2, air conditioner ABS shredded material and its corresponding properties were obtained from industrial waste plastics containing air conditioner casings.
[0095] Following steps S21-S23 in Example 2, ABS crushed material of the cover plate from industrial waste plastics was obtained and its corresponding properties were also obtained.
[0096] Following steps S21-S23 in Example 2, evaporator bracket ABS crushed material and its corresponding properties were obtained for evaporator bracket from industrial waste plastics.
[0097] Following steps S21-S23 in Example 2, sprue ABS crushed material and its corresponding properties were obtained from industrial waste plastics.
[0098] Based on this, a formula is formulated according to the performance requirements of the product to be processed, which includes at least one of the following: recycled ABS material from LCD, recycled ABS material from TV, recycled ABS material from air conditioner, recycled ABS material from air conditioner, recycled ABS material from air conditioner, ABS material from evaporator bracket, recycled ABS material from sprue, and virgin ABS material.
[0099] Example 4
[0100] like Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a method for high-value utilization of ABS, used to prepare a battery protective shell, wherein the battery protective shell refers to a protective outer shell located on the outside of the battery, and the battery is disposed inside the battery; including:
[0101] S1: Prepare shredded ABS material from recycled household appliances and obtain its properties; the shredded ABS material is extracted from waste household appliances. Includes:
[0102] S11: Dismantling waste household appliances yields a mixture of ABS semi-finished products. The waste household appliances comprise 80%-90% ABS black materials such as LCD and television casings, and 10-20% ABS white materials such as air conditioner casings. Typically, LCD and television casings are black or gray, while air conditioner casings are white. In this application, the ABS semi-finished product mixture refers to the mixture of ABS and PS materials obtained from the crushing of waste household appliances. Subsequent cleaning is required to separate the ABS and PS materials.
[0103] S12: The ABS semi-finished product mixture is subjected to brine washing to obtain the ABS finished product mixture; the brine washing includes: sequentially washing the ABS semi-finished product mixture with 23wt%-28wt% brine, washing with 12wt%-18wt% brine, and washing with clean water; wherein, the 23wt%-28wt% brine washing can remove metallic impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture; the 12wt%-18wt% brine washing can remove alloy impurities and high-density impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture; and the clean water washing can remove low-density impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture.
[0104] S13: Electrostatically separate the ABS finished product mixture to obtain recycled ABS crushed material for household appliances.
[0105] Specifically, this application involves electrostatically separating the ABS finished product mixture to obtain recycled ABS shredded material and unqualified ABS material. The recycled ABS shredded material refers to the material that passes the electrostatic separation. This material can be directly used as raw material for the products to be processed.
[0106] To maximize material utilization, this application allows for further brine washing and electrostatic sorting of substandard ABS materials to obtain qualified recycled ABS shredded material for household appliances; specifically including:
[0107] S131: For ABS materials with a purity ≥ 80% that are not up to standard, a second electrostatic sorting process can be performed to screen out ABS scrap and non-compliant ABS materials used in appliance recycling. Purity refers to the mass fraction of ABS in the non-compliant ABS materials.
[0108] S132: For ABS non-conforming materials with a purity range of 50%-80%, it is necessary to return to step S12 and sequentially wash the non-conforming ABS materials with 23wt%-28wt% brine, 12wt%-18wt% brine, and clean water; then perform electrostatic sorting a second time to screen out ABS crushed materials and non-conforming ABS materials for recycling household appliances.
[0109] S133: ABS materials with a purity of less than 50% are considered substandard and can be discarded directly.
[0110] S14: Obtain the performance of shredded ABS material from recycled household appliances. Testing shows that the impact strength of the shredded ABS material from recycled household appliances is 6-9 (KJ / m²). 2 The tensile strength is between 38-42 MPa.
[0111] S2: Prepare industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material and obtain the properties of the industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material; the industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material is extracted from ABS industrial waste plastic. Specifically, it includes:
[0112] S21: Sorting industrial waste plastics to obtain ABS semi-finished industrial waste plastics; since the industrial waste plastics are marked with specific plastic types, only sorting is required to select the industrial waste plastics marked with ABS. The industrial waste plastics include at least one of air conditioner casings, covers, evaporator brackets, and sprues, and are generally available in three colors: black, white, and gray.
[0113] S22: Crushing ABS semi-finished industrial waste plastic to obtain ABS waste plastic crushed material.
[0114] S23: Obtain the properties of ABS semi-finished waste plastic. Testing shows that the impact strength of shredded ABS waste plastic is 15-25 (KJ / m²). 2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0115] S3: Obtain the properties of virgin ABS material. Testing revealed that the impact strength of virgin ABS material is 20-25 (KJ / m²). 2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0116] S4: Formulate a mixture containing at least one of the following: recycled ABS material from household appliances, recycled ABS material from industrial waste, and virgin ABS material, according to the performance requirements of the battery protective case.
[0117] The battery protective case requires an impact strength of 13-18 KJ / m², a tensile strength of 36-40 MPa, and a melt flow index of 25-35 g / 10 min. Based on this, this embodiment provides the performance test data of the following four formulations and the battery protective cases prepared from them, as shown in Table 1.
[0118] Table 1 Performance test data of four formulations and the battery protective shells formed therefrom.
[0119]
[0120]
[0121] In Table 1, ΔE represents the degree of color difference between two colors.
[0122] In Table 1, the L value represents the brightness or darkness of the color, ranging from 0 to 100, where 0 represents black and 100 represents white.
[0123] This embodiment uses the following method to perform performance testing on the battery protective cases formed by various formulations:
[0124] After the materials are compounded and mixed, 3-5 kg are weighed under different formulas for extrusion granulation. Extrusion granulation refers to placing the compounded mixture of materials in an extruder, mixing it evenly after stirring and high-temperature melting, then stretching the mixture into long strips, cooling it in water, drying it, and cutting it into pellets. This granulated material is then finished and processed into high-impact ABS granules.
[0125] The high-impact ABS granules were subjected to ten RoHS tests to ensure compliance with environmental standards. The qualified raw materials were then placed in an injection molding machine to produce small samples for subsequent testing of the material's mechanical properties (including impact, tensile, flexural, melt flow index, and color difference). Specific testing methods followed national standards. For example, impact strength was determined according to GB / T 1843 "Determination of Cantilever Beam Impact Strength of Plastics"; tensile strength was determined according to GB / T 1040.1 "Determination of Tensile Properties of Plastics Part 1: General"; melt flow index was determined according to GB / T 3682 "Test Method for Melt Flow Rate of Thermoplastic Plastics"; and color difference was determined according to GB / T 9341 "Test Method for Flexural Properties of Plastics".
[0126] Based on the above tests, it can be seen that the impact strength of Formula 1 is relatively low, which does not meet the requirements of battery protective cases.
[0127] Formula 2 is an optimization of Formula 1. By using a reasonable ratio, it can improve impact strength and meet the requirements of battery protective cases.
[0128] Formula 3 uses shredded industrial waste ABS material to replace virgin ABS material, which can reduce production costs and meet the requirements of battery protective cases.
[0129] Formula 4 is a comprehensive solution for situations where material shortages are insufficient to meet requirements. It can reduce production costs and still meet the needs of battery protective cases.
[0130] Example 5
[0131] As a preferred embodiment, this application provides a method for high-value utilization of ABS for preparing battery protective cases; comprising:
[0132] S1: Prepare shredded ABS material from recycled household appliances and obtain its properties; specifically including:
[0133] S11: Dismantle waste household appliances to obtain ABS semi-finished product mixture; waste household appliances include 80%-90% ABS LCD, TV and other black materials, and 10-20% ABS white air conditioner materials.
[0134] S12: The ABS semi-finished product mixture is subjected to brine washing to obtain the ABS finished product mixture; the brine washing includes: sequentially washing the ABS semi-finished product mixture with 23wt%-28wt% brine, washing with 12wt%-18wt% brine, and washing with clean water; wherein, the 23wt%-28wt% brine washing can remove metallic impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture; the 12wt%-18wt% brine washing can remove alloy impurities and high-density impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture; and the clean water washing can remove low-density impurities in the ABS semi-finished product mixture.
[0135] S13: Electrostatically separate the ABS finished product mixture to obtain recycled ABS crushed material for household appliances.
[0136] Specifically, this application involves electrostatically separating the ABS finished product mixture to obtain recycled ABS shredded material and unqualified ABS material. The recycled ABS shredded material refers to the material that passes the electrostatic separation. This material can be directly used as raw material for the products to be processed.
[0137] To maximize material utilization, this application allows for further brine washing and electrostatic sorting of substandard ABS materials to obtain qualified recycled ABS shredded material for household appliances; specifically including:
[0138] S131: For ABS materials with a purity ≥ 80% that are not up to standard, a second electrostatic sorting process can be performed to screen out ABS scrap and non-compliant ABS materials used in appliance recycling. Purity refers to the mass fraction of ABS in the non-compliant ABS materials.
[0139] S132: For ABS non-conforming materials with a purity of <80%, it is necessary to return to step S12 and sequentially wash the non-conforming ABS materials with 23wt%-28wt% brine, 12wt%-18wt% brine, and clean water; then perform electrostatic separation a second time to screen out ABS crushed materials and non-conforming ABS materials for recycling household appliances.
[0140] S14: Obtain the properties of ABS shredded material from recycled household appliances. The impact strength of the ABS shredded material from recycled household appliances is 6-9 (KJ / m). 2 The tensile strength is between 38-42 MPa.
[0141] S2: Prepare industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material and obtain the properties of industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material; the industrial waste plastic ABS crushed material is extracted from ABS industrial waste plastic.
[0142] The industrial waste plastics include at least one of the following: air conditioner casing, cover plate, evaporator bracket, and sprue.
[0143] The impact strength of industrial waste ABS crushed material is 15-25 (KJ / m). 2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0144] S3: Obtain the properties of virgin ABS material. The impact strength of virgin ABS material is 20-25 (KJ / m²). 2 The tensile strength is between 40-45 MPa.
[0145] S4: Battery protective case requirements: Impact strength required to be 13-18 KJ / m 2 The tensile strength is between 36-40 MPa, and the melt flow index is between 25-35 g / 10 min.
[0146] The battery protective case comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts recycled ABS material from household appliances, 60-70 parts recycled ABS material from industrial waste plastics, 10-15 parts virgin ABS material, 15-20 parts toughening agent, and 0.5-1.5 parts black sand / carbon black.
[0147] Testing of the above formula revealed that the impact strength of the battery protective case is 13-15 KJ / m. 2 The tensile strength is between 37-39 MPa, and the melt flow index is between 25-30 g / 10 min, meeting the performance requirements. In addition, a large amount of recycled ABS material from household appliances and industrial waste ABS material were used, and only 10-15 parts of virgin ABS material were used, which reduced the cost.
[0148] It should be noted that if the battery protective case is white, then black materials are not suitable; if the battery protective case is black, then the L value in the color difference requirement must be considered. If the blackness requirement is high, then white materials are not suitable.
[0149] This application studies the cleaning, sorting, and modification of ABS crushed material from household appliance recycling and ABS crushed material from industrial waste plastics. The two materials are then blended to replace part of the new material, thereby producing high-impact material, achieving the goal of saving resources and reducing raw material costs.
[0150] This application targets specific industrial waste plastics, which, after classification and screening and formulation design, can consume low-performance recycled materials from waste household appliances, maximizing the added value of recycled materials.
[0151] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings. In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.
[0152] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.
[0153] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for high-value utilization of ABS, characterized in that, include: Prepare recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances and obtain its properties; the recycled ABS shredded material is extracted from waste household appliances. Prepare industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material and obtain the properties of industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material; the industrial waste plastic ABS shredded material is extracted from ABS industrial waste plastic; Obtain the properties of virgin ABS material; Formulate a mixture containing at least one of the following: recycled ABS material from household appliances, recycled ABS material from industrial waste, and virgin ABS material, based on the performance requirements of the product to be processed.
2. The method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for extracting ABS crushed material from recycled household appliances includes: Dismantling waste household appliances yields a mixture of ABS semi-finished products; The ABS semi-finished product mixture is washed with brine to obtain the ABS finished product mixture; Electrostatic separation is performed on the ABS finished product mixture to obtain shredded ABS material for recycling household appliances.
3. The method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 2, characterized in that, The discarded household appliances include at least one of the following: LCD screen back cover, TV back cover, and air conditioner back cover.
4. A method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 2, characterized in that, The brine cleaning process includes sequentially subjecting the ABS semi-finished product mixture to brine cleaning at 23wt%-28wt%, brine cleaning at 12wt%-18wt%, and clean water cleaning; wherein, brine cleaning at 23wt%-28wt% can remove metallic impurities from the ABS semi-finished product mixture; and brine cleaning at 12wt%-18wt% can remove alloy impurities from the ABS semi-finished product mixture.
5. A method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 2, characterized in that, After electrostatic separation of the ABS finished product mixture, we obtain ABS crushed material for recycling household appliances and unqualified ABS material. The unqualified ABS material is then washed with brine and electrostatically separated again to obtain ABS crushed material for recycling household appliances.
6. A method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The properties of recycled ABS shredded material from household appliances were obtained, including: The slag material from recycled ABS of household appliances is extruded and granulated, and its performance is tested to obtain the properties of the slag material.
7. A method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method for extracting the industrial waste ABS crushed material includes: Industrial waste plastics are sorted to obtain ABS semi-finished industrial waste plastics; The semi-finished ABS industrial waste plastic is crushed to obtain crushed industrial waste ABS plastic material.
8. A method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The industrial waste plastics include at least one of the following: air conditioner casing, cover plate, evaporator bracket, and sprue.
9. A method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The properties of the product to be processed include: color, impact strength, tensile strength, and melt flow index.
10. A method for high-value utilization of ABS according to claim 1, characterized in that, The product to be processed also includes toughening agents and color powder.