Liquid crystal media

Abstract

The present invention relates to liquid-crystalline (LC) media or LC materials, and to energy-saving liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) comprising these media, in particular to displays for gaming and AR / VR headsets addressed by an active matrix, and in particular to LC displays of the TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer stabilised SA-HB-FFS, polymer stabilised SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA type.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to liquid crystal (LC) media and energy-efficient liquid crystal display (LCD) technologies incorporating these media, such as game displays, automotive displays, IT monitors, and AR / VR displays with high contrast and improved transmittance and active matrix addressing, particularly TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA, or positive PS-VA type LC displays. The liquid crystal media of this invention exhibits positive dielectric anisotropy. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are used for information display in many fields. LCDs are used for both direct-view displays and projection displays. The electro-optic modes used include twisted nematic (TN), super-twisted nematic (STN), optically compensated bending (OCB), and electro-controlled birefringence (ECB) modes, as well as their various variations and other modes. All these modes employ an electric field that is generated substantially perpendicular to the substrate and the LC layer.

[0003] In addition to these modes, there are electro-optic modes, which utilize an electric field that is substantially parallel to the substrate or LC layer. For example, WO 91 / 10936 A1 discloses an LC display in which electrical signals are generated in such a way that the electric field has a significant component parallel to the LC layer, and is therefore referred to as an "in-plane switching" (IPS) display. The principle of operating such a display is described, for example, by RA Soref in the Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, No. 12, pp. 5466-5468 (1974).

[0004] An IPS display contains an LC layer between two planar-oriented substrates, with two electrodes disposed on only one of the two substrates and preferably having an interdigitated comb structure. When a voltage is applied to the electrodes, an electric field with a significant component parallel to the LC layer is generated between them. This leads to the reorientation of LC molecules in the layer plane.

[0005] For example, EP 0 588 568 A2 discloses various possibilities for designing electrodes and for addressing IPS displays. DE 198 24 137 A1 similarly describes various embodiments of such IPS displays.

[0006] For example, liquid crystal materials for this type of IPS display are described in DE 195 28 104 A1.

[0007] Furthermore, so-called “edge field switching” (FFS) displays have been reported (see, in particular, SH Jung et al., Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 43, No. 3, 2004, 1028), which contain two electrodes on the same substrate, one structured in a comb-like manner and the other unstructured. This generates a strong, so-called “edge field,” i.e., a strong electric field near the edge of the electrode, and an electric field throughout the liquid crystal cell with both strong vertical and strong horizontal components. FFS displays exhibit low viewing angle dependence of contrast. FFS displays typically contain an LC dielectric with positive dielectric anisotropy, and an alignment layer, typically polyimide, which provides planar alignment for the molecules of the LC dielectric.

[0008] IPS and FFS electro-optical liquid crystal displays are particularly suitable for modern desktop monitors, televisions, and multimedia applications. In this type of display, the LC medium according to the invention is preferred. Typically, positive dielectric LC media with a relatively low dielectric anisotropy value are used in FFS displays, but in some cases, LC media with a dielectric anisotropy of only about 3 or even lower are also used in IPS displays.

[0009] Further improvements were achieved through the HB-FFS mode. One of the unique features of the HB-FFS mode compared to traditional FFS technology is that it allows for higher transmittance, which allows for panel operation with less energy consumption.

[0010] Another recently developed mode is the XB-FFS mode, in which the LC medium additionally contains a polar liquid crystal compound with low dielectric anisotropy.

[0011] Liquid crystal compositions suitable for LCDs, and especially for FFS and IPS displays, are known from the prior art, such as JP 07-181 439 (A), EP 0 667 555 A1, EP 0 673 986 A2, DE 195 09 410 A1, DE195 28 106 A1, and DE 195 28 107 A1. However, these compositions have certain disadvantages. Among other disadvantages, they mostly result in unfavorably long addressing times, insufficient resistivity values, and / or require excessively high operating voltages. Improvements in both operational performance and shelf life are necessary here.

[0012] FFS and IPS displays can be used as active matrix displays (AMD) or passive matrix displays (PMD). In the case of an active matrix display, individual pixels are typically addressed by integrated nonlinear active elements (e.g., thin-film transistors (TFTs)), while in the case of a passive matrix display, individual pixels are typically addressed by multiplexing methods known in the art.

[0013] The display according to the invention is preferably addressed by an active matrix, and more preferably by a matrix addressing of TFTs. However, the LC medium according to the invention can also be advantageously used in displays having other known addressing devices.

[0014] Typical applications of IPS and FFS technologies include monitors, laptops, televisions, mobile phones, and tablets. Both IPS and FFS technologies have certain advantages over other LCD technologies (such as vertical alignment (VA) technology), such as wide viewing angle dependence of contrast.

[0015] Providing further LC media and their application in displays with high transmittance, good black levels, and high contrast is a core challenge for modern FFS and IPS applications. Furthermore, modern applications require good reliability and fast addressing times.

[0016] Contrast ratio (C / R) is an important parameter in LCDs. In FFS mode, C / R improvement usually depends on black state improvement, which in turn depends on the scattering index of the LC medium used.

[0017]

[0018] in

[0019] k is a constant

[0020] d is the box thickness

[0021] K1 is the elastic constant of the "spreading" deformation.

[0022] K2 is the elastic constant for "torsional" deformation.

[0023] K3 is the elastic constant for "bending" deformation.

[0024] n e unusual refractive index

[0025] n0 is the ordinary refractive index.

[0026] Δn is the optical anisotropy

[0027] Therefore, one approach to improving the C / R ratio of liquid crystal displays (LCDs) is based on reducing the optical anisotropy Δn. Reducing Δn leads to a decrease in the scattering coefficient, but also results in an unfavorable decrease in optical transmittance. However, the transmittance of existing LCD panels is a critical parameter and should not be sacrificed. Therefore, reducing Δn is often unacceptable.

[0028] Another method to improve the C / R ratio of a liquid crystal display (LCD) is based on increasing the elastic constants K1, K2, and K3 of the liquid crystal medium. Unfortunately, however, liquid crystal media with high elastic constants typically have higher rotational viscosity. This results in an undesirable higher response time for the LCD.

[0029] To date, it has been impossible to design materials with high contrast and high elastic constants K1, K2, K3, and K. av And suitable liquid crystal media with low response time. Therefore, the overall image quality of liquid crystal devices still needs further improvement, especially in the field of gaming applications, where other parameters related to image quality are often sacrificed in order to achieve fast switching speeds.

[0030] EP4015599A1 describes a dielectrically positive liquid crystal medium comprising one or more compounds of formula T:

[0031] Combined with one or more compounds having negative dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal medium is described to have good transmittance and short response time in FFS displays. Summary of the Invention

[0032] It has now been unexpectedly discovered that FFS-type LCs employing liquid crystals with positive dielectric anisotropy can be realized using specially selected liquid crystal media. These media are characterized by even more advantageous combinations of physical properties. Most critically, they possess high values ​​of elastic constants (especially high K1 values) and an excellent low rotational viscosity γ1 to elastic constant K1 ratio γ1 / K1. Furthermore, they exhibit high ε... ⊥ And ε⊥ / Δε, thereby achieving improved transmittance.

[0033] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention preferably has a positive dielectric anisotropy Δε, preferably 1.5 or higher, more preferably 1.8 or higher up to 10.0 or lower, and most preferably 2.0 or higher up to 8.0 or lower.

[0034] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention preferably has a dielectric constant ε perpendicular to the liquid crystal molecule direction vector of 2.0 or higher. ⊥ More preferably 3.0 or higher, and even more preferably 3.5 or higher.

[0035] The liquid crystal medium according to the present invention preferably has a dielectric ratio ε of 0.65 or higher. ⊥ / Δε, more preferably 0.75 or higher.

[0036] In particular, it has now been unexpectedly discovered that the liquid crystal medium according to the present invention comprises a compound of formula I.

[0037] With one or more compounds selected from formulas YA, YB, YC, YD, YE, YF, and YG:

[0038] Each substituent is specified in claim 1.

[0039] It exhibits several significant improvements, particularly when used in FFS mode displays, such as a higher average elastic constant K. av Combining high ε ⊥ and ε ⊥ / ∆ε, thus producing excellent transmittance. Furthermore, the LC medium according to the invention has a high clearing point, excellent low-temperature stability (LTS), and provides optimal motion picture quality and improved overall image quality, particularly high contrast.

[0040] This invention relates to an LC medium, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of formula I.

[0041] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0042] R 1 and R 2 Each of the following independently represents a H atom, a halogen atom, -CN, -SCN, -NCS, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0043] R 3The H atom represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, preferably H or CH3;

[0044] A 1 and A 2 Each of these can be independently represented as phenylene-1,4-diyl, wherein, in addition, one or two CH groups may be substituted with N and one or more H atoms may be substituted with halogen, CN, CH3, CHF2, CH2F, CF3, OCH3, OCHF2 or OCF3, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, wherein, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently substituted with O and / or S and one or more H atoms may be substituted with F, cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl,

[0045] Z 1 and Z 2 Each of these can be represented independently as -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2H4-, -C2F4-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CFHCFH-, -CFHCH2-, -CH2CFH-, -CF2CFH-, -CFHCF2-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -C C- or single bond;

[0046] k and l each independently represent 0, 1, 2, or 3; and

[0047] One or more compounds of the formulas YA, YB, YC, YD, YE, YF, and YG

[0048] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0049] R 21 This indicates an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally separated by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0050] R 22 This indicates an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally separated by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0051] L 1 To L 3 Each can be represented independently as F, Cl, CF3, or CHF2;

[0052] L 4 and L 5 Each can be represented independently of the other, either H or F;

[0053] R 23 The H atom represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, preferably H or CH3;

[0054] Z 1 and Z 2 Each of them independently represents a single bond: -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CHCH2O;

[0055] p is 0, 1, or 2; and

[0056] q is 0 or 1.

[0057] The LC media according to the invention are particularly suitable for energy-efficient LCDs in FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS and IPS modes, as well as AR / VR applications and their polymer-stabilized variants.

[0058] The present invention also relates to the use of LC media for electro-optical purposes as described in the context, particularly for LC displays, shutter glasses, LC windows, 3D applications, preferably in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, and very preferably in FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS and PS-IPS displays.

[0059] The present invention also relates to an electro-optical LC display comprising an LC medium as described in the context, particularly TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA or positive PS-VA display, preferably FFS, HB-FFS, IPS, PS-HB-FFS or PS-IPS display.

[0060] In this application, all atoms also include their isotopes. In some embodiments, one or more, or even all, hydrogen atoms (H) may optionally be replaced by deuterium (D).

[0061] In equations I and YA to YG, if R 1 R 2 R 21 or R 22 Preferably, it represents an alkyl and / or alkoxy group, which can be straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain, having 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6 carbon atoms, and preferably represents ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, pentoxy, or hexoxy, as well as methyl and methoxy. 1 R 2 R 21 and R 22 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0062] The oxane preferably represents a straight-chain 2-oxapropyl (=methoxymethyl), 2- (=ethoxymethyl) or 3-oxabutyl (=2-methoxyethyl), 2-, 3- or 4-oxapentyl, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-oxahexyl.

[0063] If R 1 R 2 R 21 or R 22 It indicates an alkoxy or oxaalkyl group, and it may also contain one or more additional oxygen atoms, provided that the oxygen atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0064] In another preferred embodiment, R 1 R 2 R 21 or R 22 One or more selected from , , , , , , , -S 1 -F, -OS 1 -F, -O-S1-O-S2, where S 1 C 1-12 -alkylene or C 2-12 - Idemenyl and S 2 For H, C 1-12 -alkyl or C 2-12 -Alkenyl, and very preferred R 1 R 2 R 21 or R 22 One or more selected from , , , , , , , , , , , , , -OCH2OCH3, -O(CH2)2OCH3, -O(CH2)3OCH3, -O(CH2)4OCH3, -O(CH2)2F, -O(CH2)3F, -O(CH2)4F.

[0065] If R 1 R 2 R 21 or R22 The term "alkenyl group" can be either straight-chain or branched. It is preferably straight-chain and has 2 to 10 carbon atoms. Thus, it specifically represents vinyl, prop-1- or -2-enyl, but-1-, -2- or -3-enyl, pent-1-, -2-, -3- or -4-enyl, hex-1-, -2-, -3-, -4- or -5-enyl, hep-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5- or -6-enyl, oct-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6- or -7-enyl, non-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7- or -8-enyl, dec-1-, -2-, -3-, -4-, -5-, -6-, -7-, -8- or -9-enyl.

[0066] If R 1 R 2 R 21 or R 22 The alkyl or alkenyl group is at least monosubstituted with a halogen, and this group is preferably straight-chain, and the halogen is preferably F or Cl. In the case of multiple substitution, the halogen is preferably F. The resulting group also includes a perfluorinated group. In the case of monosubstituted substitution, the fluorine or chlorine substituent can be at any desired position, but is preferably at the ω-position. R is preferred. 22 It is an alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, or alkenyloxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein R 22 Ethoxy groups are particularly preferred.

[0067] A in Formula I 1 and A 2 Particularly preferred is phenylene-1,4-diyl, which may also be mono- or poly-substituted with F, and also represents cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl.

[0068] A in Formula I 1 Special preference indication

[0069] Where L 1 and L 2 Indicates halogen, CF3 or CN, preferably F;

[0070] A 1 The preferred form is unsubstituted 1,4-phenylene.

[0071] Z in Equation I 1 and Z 2 The preferred terms are -CF2O-, -OCF2-, or single bonds, with single bonds being the most preferred.

[0072] Furthermore, compounds of preferred formulas I and YA to YG, wherein R 1 and R 2 and R 21 and R 22 Each can independently represent H or an alkyl, alkenyl, or ynyl group having up to 8, preferably up to 5, C atoms.

[0073] The R in Formula I is particularly preferred. 1 and R 2 and R in formulas YA to YG 21 and R 22 This indicates an alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, or alkoxy group having up to 12, preferably up to 8, carbon atoms, each optionally substituted with a halogen, particularly with F, especially H, F, or an alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl group having up to 8 carbon atoms. Preferably, R in Formula I... 1 and R 2 At least one of them, and R in formulas YA to YG 21 and R 22 The groups are not H, but R is particularly preferred. 1 and R 2 None of them are represented by H atoms. R 1 and R 2 and R 21 and R 22 Very particularly preferred is an alkyl group. Very particularly preferred is R. 1 and R 2 and R 21 and R 22 It is an alkyl group. R 1 and R 2 and R 21 and R 22 Each and every one of them, very particularly preferred, represents a non-branched alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. If R 1 and R 2 and R 21 and R 22 If the substituted alkyl, alkoxy, alkenyl, or alkynyl group is represented by two R groups, then... 1 and R 2 The total number of C atoms in the sample is preferably less than 10.

[0074] Preferred groups R in Formula I and YA to YG 3 and R 23 Each represents an H atom, or an alkyl or alkenyl group having a maximum of 3 C atoms. Very particularly preferably, R 3 and R 23 It is a methyl group or a hydrogen atom.

[0075] Preferred alkyl groups are, for example, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, n-heptyl, and n-octyl.

[0076] Preferred alkenyl groups are, for example, vinyl, propenyl, butenyl, and pentenyl.

[0077] Preferred alkynyl groups are, for example, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, penynyl, hexynyl, hepynyl, and ocynyl.

[0078] Preferred alkoxy groups are, for example, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, n-butoxy, n-pentoxy, n-hexoxy, n-heptoxy, and n-octoxy.

[0079] Halogens are preferably represented by F or Cl, with F being the most preferred.

[0080] The particularly preferred compounds of Formula I are those selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0081] Where R 1 R 2 and R 3 It has the general meaning indicated in Formula I. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compound of Formula I is selected from structure I-1.

[0082] The following are particularly preferred compounds of general formula I:

[0083] Where n and m each independently represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12.

[0084] The most preferred compounds of Formula I specifically include one or more of the following:

[0085] In a further preferred embodiment, a compound of formula I may be used:

[0086] Compounds of Formula I can be prepared by methods similar to those known to those skilled in the art and described in standard works of organic chemistry (e.g., Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie [Organic Chemical Methods], Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart).

[0087] The proportion of the compound of Formula I or preferred sub-Formula I-1-1 in the LC medium is preferably 0.5 to 20%, very preferably 1 to 15%, and most preferably 2 to 10%, by weight.

[0088] In a preferred embodiment, one or more compounds of formula YA are selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0089] in

[0090] a represents 1 or 2,

[0091] alkyl and alkyl* each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0092] alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and

[0093] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and

[0094] alkenyl is preferably represented as CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0095] A particularly preferred LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulas YA-2, YA-8, YA-10, YA-16, YA-18, YA-36, YA-37, YA-38, YA-39, YA-40, YA-41, YA-42, YA-43, YA-77, YA-78, YA-88, YA-90 and YA-92.

[0096] Preferably, one or more compounds of formula YA-2 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0097] Alternatively, in addition to compounds of formulas YA-2-1 to YA-2-5, the LC medium preferably also comprises one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0098] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YA-10:

[0099] Alternatively, in addition to compounds of formulas YA-10-1 to YA-10-5, the LC medium preferably also comprises one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0100]

[0101] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YA-37:

[0102] Alternatively, in addition to compounds of formulas YA-37-1 to YA-37-5, the LC medium preferably also comprises one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0103] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YA-41:

[0104] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YA-66:

[0105] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YA-67:

[0106] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YA-77:

[0107] More preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YA-90:

[0108] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula YB selected from the group consisting of formulas YB-1 to YB-26.

[0109] in

[0110] alkyl and alkyl* each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0111] alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and

[0112] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and

[0113] alkenyl is preferably represented as CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0114] A particularly preferred LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulas YB-2, YB-11, YB-17 and YB-34.

[0115] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YB-11:

[0116] Alternatively, in addition to compounds of formulas YB-11-1 to YB-11-5, the LC medium preferably also comprises one or more compounds of the following formulas:

[0117] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YB-17:

[0118] LC media may contain one or more compounds selected from the following formula YB-34:

[0119] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YC:

[0120] Wherein alkyl and alkyl* each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0121] LC media may contain one or more compounds selected from the following formulas YC-1 and YC-2:

[0122] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula YD selected from the group consisting of the following formulas.

[0123] in

[0124] alkyl and alkyl* each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0125] alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0126] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond.

[0127] Y represents H or CH3 and

[0128] alkenyl is preferably represented as CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0129] A further preferred LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of the formula YD-2 and / or YD-5.

[0130] A further preferred LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula YD, wherein q is 0, R 23 For H, and R 22It represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one of the CH2 groups is optionally replaced by cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclopentenyl, preferably selected from the formulas YD-2, YD-5, YD-16, YD-17, YD-18, YD-19, YD-20, YD-21, YD-22, YD-23 and YD-24, and very preferably selected from the formulas YD-2, YD-17, YD-22, YD-23 and YD-24.

[0131] The most preferred compounds of formula YD are those selected from the following formulas.

[0132] Where v is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6.

[0133] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the formula YD-11a.

[0134] Where R 21 Y and q have the meanings given in equation YD, and R 23 for

[0135] Preferred compounds of formula YD-11a are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0136] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula YE selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0137] in

[0138] a represents 1 or 2,

[0139] alkyl and alkyl* each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0140] alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and

[0141] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and

[0142] alkenyl is preferably represented as CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0143] The particularly preferred LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulas YE-2, YE-8, YE-10, YE-16, YE-18, YE-37, YE-38, YE-39 and YE-40.

[0144] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YE-2:

[0145] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YE-10:

[0146] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula YF selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0147] in

[0148] Alkyl and alkyl* each independently represent straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0149] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from the formula YF-2:

[0150] Preferably, one or more compounds of the formula YF-4 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0151] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula YG selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0152] in

[0153] alkyl and alkyl* each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0154] alkenyl represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and

[0155] (O) represents an oxygen atom or a single bond, and

[0156] alkenyl is preferably represented as CH2=CH-, CH2=CHCH2CH2-, CH3-CH=CH-, CH3-CH2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)2-CH=CH-, CH3-(CH2)3-CH=CH- or CH3-CH=CH-(CH2)2-.

[0157] A particularly preferred LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the formulas YG-1, YG-2 and YG-6.

[0158] Preferably, the compounds of formulas YG-1, YG-2 and YG-6 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0159] The total content of compounds of formula YA to YG in the LC medium is preferably 0% to 15% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 10% by weight.

[0160] Other components

[0161] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium further comprises one or more compounds of formula U.

[0162] Each substituent, appearing identically or differently each time, and independently of each other, has the following meaning:

[0163] R 4 and R 5 Each of the following independently represents a H atom, a halogen atom, -CN, -SCN, -NCS, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0164] R 6 The H atom represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other;

[0165] A 3 and A 4 Each of these can be independently represented as phenylene-1,4-diyl, wherein, in addition, one or two CH groups may be replaced by N and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen, CN, CH3, CHF2, CH2F, CF3, OCH3, OCHF2 or OCF3, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, wherein, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently replaced by O and / or S and one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl,

[0166] Z 3 and Z 4 Each of these can be represented independently as -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2H4-, -C2F4-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CFHCFH-, -CFHCH2-, -CH2CFH-, -CF2CFH-, -CFHCF2-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -C C- or single bond;

[0167] m and n each represent 0, 1, 2 or 3 independently.

[0168] The particularly preferred compounds of formula U are those selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0169] Where R 4 R 5 and R 6 It has the meaning indicated in the general formula U.

[0170] The following are particularly preferred compounds of general formula U:

[0171] Where n and m each independently represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12.

[0172] The most preferred compounds of formula U specifically include one or more of the following:

[0173] In another preferred embodiment, a compound of formula U can be used:

[0174] The proportion of the compound of formula U or preferably its sub-formula U-1-1 in the LC medium is preferably 0% to 20%, very preferably 0.5% to 15%, and most preferably 1% to 10%, by weight.

[0175] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium may additionally contain one or more compounds selected from Formulas II and III:

[0176] Each substituent, independently of each other and in the same or different manner each time it appears, has the following meaning:

[0177] R 0 Having Equation I for R 1 and R 2 One of the meanings given is

[0178] X 0The symbol represents a halogen atom, -CN, -SCN, -NCS, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more H atoms have been substituted with a halogen atom, preferably F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3.

[0179] L 1-8 Each independently represents H, F or Cl, and

[0180] Y 0 The H atom represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, with H or CH3 being preferred.

[0181] Preferred compounds of formulas II and III are those in which Y 0 Those that are H.

[0182] Further preferred compounds of formulas II and III are those in which R 0 The term indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being particularly preferred, and X 0 It represents F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3, and also OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl, with F being the most preferred.

[0183] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula II of the following formulas:

[0184] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

[0185] Preferred compounds are those of formulas II-1, II-2 and II-3, with compounds of formulas II-1 and II-2 being particularly preferred.

[0186] In compounds of formulas II-1 to II-7, R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl, and X 0 It can be expressed as F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3, or OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl, with F being the most preferred.

[0187] In one embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of Formula II or its derivatives as described above and below, wherein Y 0 It is CH3. Most preferably, the LC medium according to this preferred embodiment comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula II of the following formulas:

[0188] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

[0189] Preferred compounds are those of formulas IIA-1, IIA-2 and IIA-3, with compounds of formulas IIA-1 and IIA-2 being particularly preferred.

[0190] In compounds of formulas IIA-1 to IIA-7, R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms; very preferably, it contains ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl and X. 0 It can be expressed as F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3, or OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl, with F being the most preferred.

[0191] The proportion of the compound of Formula II in the LC medium is typically 0 to 20%, very preferably 1 to 15%, and most preferably 2 to 10%, by weight.

[0192] In a further preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula III of the following formulas:

[0193] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation III.

[0194] Preferred compounds are those of formulas III-1, III-4, III-6, III-16, III-19 and III-22.

[0195] In compounds of formulas III-1 to III-22, R 0 The term indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being particularly preferred, and X 0This indicates F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3, and also indicates OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl, with F being the most preferred, and Y. 0 H is the preferred option.

[0196] LC media may contain one or more compounds of formula III or its derivatives as described above, wherein Y 0 The form is CH3. Most preferably, the medium according to this preferred embodiment comprises one or more compounds selected from Formula III of the following formulas:

[0197] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation III.

[0198] Preferred compounds are those of formulas IIIA-1, IIIA-4, IIIA-6, IIIA-16, IIIA-19 and IIIA-20.

[0199] In compounds of formulas IIIA-1 to IIIA-21, R 0 This indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl and X being particularly preferred. 0 It can be expressed as F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3, or OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl, with F being the most preferred.

[0200] The proportion of the compound of Formula III in the LC medium is preferably 1 to 50%, very preferably 3 to 40%, and most preferably 5 to 30%, by weight.

[0201] In a further preferred embodiment, the LC medium may additionally contain one or more compounds selected from the following formulas:

[0202] Where R 0 X 0 L 1 L 2 and Y 0 It has the meaning given in Equation III;

[0203] L 3 and L 4 Each is independent of the others, and has a specific target for L. 1 The meaning given;

[0204] Z 0 The following are represented as -C2H4-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -CF2O-, or -OCF2-, and also as single bonds in formulas V and VI; and

[0205] s represents 0 or 1.

[0206] Compounds of formula IV are preferably selected from the following formula:

[0207] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formulas II and III.

[0208] R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being very preferred. X 0 Preferred values ​​are F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3; alternatively, OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl are used.

[0209] Compounds of formula IVa are preferably represented by the following sub-formula:

[0210] Compounds of formula IVb are preferably represented by the following formula:

[0211] Compounds of formula IVc are preferably represented by the following sub-formula:

[0212] Where R 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II and preferably has alkyl with 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl with 3 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl.

[0213] Compounds of formula IVc, particularly formula IVc-1, are preferably used in LC media according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight.

[0214] Compounds of formula V are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0215] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II.

[0216] R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being very preferred. X 0 The preferred representations are F, CHF2, and OCF3, and the alternative representations are OCHF2, CF3, OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, and OCH=CF2.

[0217] The compounds of formula VI are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0218] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II.

[0219] R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being very preferred. X 0 The preferred designation is F, and other designations include OCF3, CF3, CHF2, CF=CF2, OCHF2, OCHFCF3, and OCH=CF2;

[0220] The compounds of formula VII are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0221] Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning indicated in Formula II.

[0222] R 0 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being very preferred. X 0 The preferred representations are F, CF3, and CHF2, and the alternative representations are OCF3, OCHF2, OCHFCF3, and OCH=CF2.

[0223] In some embodiments, the LC medium additionally comprises one or more compounds selected from the following formulas:

[0224] Where R 0 X 0 Y 0 and L 1-4 Each of them independently has one of the meanings indicated in Formulas II and III.

[0225] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXa:

[0226] Where R 0 This indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl and X being particularly preferred. 0 This indicates F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3, and further indicates OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl, with F being the most preferred. R 0 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group, especially ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, and very particularly preferably n-propyl.

[0227] Compounds of formula XX, especially formula XXa, are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight.

[0228] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIa or XXIb:

[0229] Where R 0 R indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being particularly preferred. 0 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group, especially ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, and very particularly preferably n-propyl.

[0230] Compounds of formula XXI, especially formula XXIa, are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 10% by weight.

[0231] More preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIIIa:

[0232] Where R 0 Indicates an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. R 0 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl group, especially ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl or n-pentyl, and very particularly preferably n-propyl or cycloalkyl, especially cyclopentyl.

[0233] Preferred specific compounds of formula XXIIIa particularly include

[0234] Compounds of formula XXIII, especially formula XXIIIa, are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 5% by weight, particularly preferably 0 to 2% by weight.

[0235] LC media may additionally contain one or more compounds of formula XXIV:

[0236] Where R 0 X 0 and L 1-6 Having the meaning indicated in Equation III, s represents 0 or 1, and

[0237] In equation XXIV, X 0 It can also represent an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The alkyl or alkoxy group is preferably straight-chain.

[0238] R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 Preferred option is F;

[0239] Compounds of formula XXIV are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0240] Where R 0 X 0 and L 1 It has the meaning indicated in Equation III. R 0 Preferably, it refers to an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. 0 Preferred representations are F and L. 1 F is preferred;

[0241]

[0242]

[0243]

[0244]

[0245] R 0 It is a straight-chain alkyl or alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms;

[0246] LC media may further comprise one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0247] Where R 1 and X 0 Each has the following properties in Equation II for R 0and X 0 The meaning of the instruction. R 1 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being very preferred. X 0 Preferably, it represents F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3; additionally, it represents OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl, with F being the most preferred. In formula XXIV, X 0 The most preferred option is represented by Cl.

[0248] The LC medium may further optionally contain one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0249] in

[0250] R 1 X 0 and Y 0 Having the conditions of equations II and III respectively for R 0 X 0 and Y 0 The meaning of the instruction. R 1 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being very preferred. X 0 Preferred values ​​are F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3; additionally, OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl are preferred. F and Y are also highly preferred. 0 Preferably, H is represented. The LC medium according to the invention particularly preferably comprises one or more compounds of the formula XIX, wherein X... 0 The preferred option is F.

[0251] Compounds of formulas XXVII-XXX are preferably used in the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 0 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 1 to 15% by weight. Particularly preferred LC media contain at least one compound of formula XXIX and / or formula XXX.

[0252] Very preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more compounds of formula XXIXa or XXXa:

[0253] Where R 1 and Y 0 Having Equation II for R 0 and Y 0 The meaning of the instruction, and the preferred R 1The alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or the cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms is preferred, with ethyl, propyl, butyl or pentyl being the most preferred.

[0254] Compounds of formula XXIXa and / or XXXa are preferably used in LC media according to the invention in an amount of 1 to 15% by weight, particularly preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0255] LC media may further contain one or more pyrimidine or pyridine compounds of the following formula:

[0256] Where R 1 X 0 and Y 0 Each has the following properties in Equation II for R 0 X 0 and Y 0 The meaning of the instruction. R 1 Preferably, it represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, with ethyl, propyl, butyl, or pentyl being very preferred. X 0 Preferred values ​​are F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3; additionally, OCF=CF2, OCHFCF3, or Cl are preferred. F and Y are highly preferred. 0 Preferably, H is represented. The medium according to the invention may optionally comprise one or more compounds of formula XXXI-1, wherein X... 0 Compounds of formula XXXI-1 to XXXI-3 are preferably used in LC media according to the invention in an amount of 1-20% by weight, particularly preferably 1-15% by weight.

[0257] In addition to compounds of formula S, the LC medium preferably contains one or more compounds of formulas N1 and N2:

[0258] in

[0259] Z 41 and Z 42 Independently, and if Z 41 If a combination appears twice, it represents -CH2CH2-, -COO-, trans-CH=CH-, trans-CF=CF-, -CH2O-, -CF2O-, -C≡C-, or a single bond, respectively.

[0260] p represents 0, 1, or 2.

[0261] R 41 and R 42Each of the above independently represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally separated by -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0262] R 51 and R 52 Each is independent of the others and has R 41 and R 42 The meaning;

[0263] Z 51 To Z 53 Each independently possesses Z 41 and Z 42 The meaning, and

[0264] i and j each represent 0 or 1 independently.

[0265] One or more of them, preferably one, may optionally have the aromatic ring replaced by an alkyl group, preferably by a methyl group.

[0266] In some embodiments, the compound of formula N1 is represented by one of the following formulas:

[0267] in

[0268] "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;

[0269] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl*" each independently represent alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0270] Compounds of formulas Z1 and Z2 are highly preferred.

[0271] The preferred compounds of formulas Z1 to Z10 are those selected from the following formulas:

[0272] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula Z1 or preferred subforms thereof and / or one or more compounds selected from formulas Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or preferred subforms thereof.

[0273] Preferably, the compounds of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, and Z6, or their sub-formulas (e.g., CC-3-V), constitute 10 to 65% of the total content in the medium, most preferably 20 to 60%, and most preferably 25 to 55% by weight. In still more preferred embodiments, the compounds of formula Z1-1 are used at a concentration of 10 wt.-% to 60 wt.-%, more preferably 25 wt.-% to 50 wt.-% based on the total weight of the LC medium. In a further preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains a total of 50 wt.-% to 70 wt.-% of the compounds represented by formulas Z1-1 and Z4-2.

[0274] Preferably, the medium comprises one, two, or three compounds selected from formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, and Z4 or their subforms.

[0275] LC media may additionally contain one or more compounds of the following general formulas.

[0276] in

[0277] R 1 and R 2 Each represents C independently. 1-6 -alkyl, C 1-6 -alkoxy or C 2-6 -Alkenyl.

[0278] Compounds of formula XII are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0279] The "alkyl" and "alkyl*" represent methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl respectively.

[0280] Compounds of formulas XIIa and XIIc are particularly preferred. In formula XIIb, "alkyl" preferably represents n-C3H7, n-C4H9, or n-C5H3 independently of each other. 11 Especially n-C3H7. In formula XIIc, "alkyl" preferably represents n-C3H7 and "alkyl*" preferably CH3 or n-C3H7.

[0281] The particularly preferred compounds of formula XII are described by the following structures.

[0282] The total content of the compound of formula XII in the LC medium is preferably 0 to 20 wt.-%, more preferably 2 to 10 wt.-%.

[0283] LC media may additionally contain one or more compounds selected from the following formulas.

[0284] in

[0285] R 1 and R 2 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and

[0286] L 1 L and H, F, or Cl are independent of each other.

[0287] In compounds of formula XIV, the substituent R 1 and R 2 At least one of them preferably represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms.

[0288] The LC medium may further optionally comprise one or more compounds of formula XIV, wherein the substituent R 1 and R 2 At least one of them represents an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 C atoms, preferably selected from those of the following formulas:

[0289] Wherein “alkyl” and “alkyl*” have the meanings indicated above, and each is preferred to independently represent methyl, ethyl or propyl.

[0290] Compounds of formula XIV are preferably selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0291] Compounds of formulas XIVd-1, XIVe-1, XIVe-2, and XIVe-3 are highly preferred.

[0292] The LC medium may further optionally comprise one or more compounds of formula XV, wherein the substituent R 1 and R 2 At least one of them represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably selected from those of the following formulas:

[0293] Wherein "alkyl" and "alkyl*" have the above meanings, and each independently preferably represents methyl, ethyl or propyl.

[0294] In yet another embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula XVI:

[0295] in

[0296] R 1 and R 2 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and

[0297] L represents H, F, or Cl.

[0298] The particularly preferred compounds of formula XVI are those with the following formulas:

[0299] in

[0300] "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl, and

[0301] “alkenyl” and “alkenyl*” each independently represent straight-chain alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, specifically CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0302] Compounds of formulas XVIb and XVIc are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following formulas are very particularly preferred:

[0303] In yet another further embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula XIII:

[0304] in

[0305] R 1 and R 2 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and

[0306] L represents H, F, or Cl.

[0307] The particularly preferred compounds of formula XIII are those with the following formulas:

[0308] in

[0309] "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl, and

[0310] “alkenyl” and “alkenyl*” each independently represent straight-chain alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, specifically CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0311] Compounds of formulas XIIIa and XIIIb are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following formulas are very particularly preferred:

[0312] In yet another further embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula XIII´:

[0313] in

[0314] R 1 and R 2 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and

[0315] L represents H, F, or Cl.

[0316] The particularly preferred compounds of formula XIII´ are those with the following formulas:

[0317] in

[0318] "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl, and

[0319] “alkenyl” and “alkenyl*” each independently represent straight-chain alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, specifically CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0320] Compounds of formulas XIII'a and XIII'b are particularly preferred. Compounds of the following formulas are very particularly preferred:

[0321] LC media may optionally contain one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0322] in

[0323] R 1 and R 2 Each has the meaning indicated in Formula I, and preferably each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. L represents H or F.

[0324] Compounds of formula XVIIa are highly preferred, wherein L is H or F. Compounds of formula XVIIb are highly preferred, wherein L is F.

[0325] LC media may additionally contain one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0326] Where R 1 and R 2 They respectively have the meaning indicated in formula I and L has the meaning of L in formula YA 1 The meaning of R. 1 and R 2 Preferably, it represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxaalkyl, fluoroalkyl, or alkenyl group, each having a maximum of 6 carbon atoms.

[0327] The particularly preferred compounds of formula XXXII are those with the following formulas:

[0328] in

[0329] "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly ethyl, propyl, or pentyl, and

[0330] “alkenyl” represents a straight-chain alkenyl group with 2 to 6 carbon atoms, especially CH2=CHC2H4, CH3CH=CHC2H4, CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0331] Compounds with the following formulas are particularly preferred:

[0332] In some further embodiments, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of the following formula:

[0333] Where R 1 and R2 Each has the meaning indicated in Formula I, and preferably each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms.

[0334] Advantageously, the LC medium of the present invention also comprises one or more compounds of formulas LP1 and LP2.

[0335] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0336] R 0 and R 2 Each independently represents, in claim 1, formula I, for R 1 and R 2 One of the meanings given;

[0337] L 1 and L 2 Each can be represented independently of the other, such as H, F, or Cl.

[0338] Y 0 Having the formula I in claim 1 for R 3 One of the meanings given;

[0339] X 0 It represents an F atom, CN, SCN, NCS, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms are replaced by F atoms.

[0340] One or more compounds of formulas LP1 and LP2 can preferably be described by the following formulas LP1-1 and LP2-1:

[0341] in

[0342] R 0 It is an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 atoms are optionally separated by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, and one or more of H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0343] R 2It is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 atoms are optionally separated by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, and one or more of H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms;

[0344] X 0 It is an F atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 3 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 or 3 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms are replaced by F atoms; and

[0345] Y 0 It can be H or CH3.

[0346] Compounds of general formulas LP1 and LP2 can also be represented by one of the following:

[0347] in

[0348] R 0 It is an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 atoms are optionally separated by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are used to replace the O atoms in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, preferably alkyl having 1 to 4 C atoms, alkenyl or alkenoxy having 2 to 6 C atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 6 C atoms, wherein vinyl, allyl or cyclopentyl are particularly preferred;

[0349] n represents 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5; and

[0350] m represents 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0351] The particularly preferred compounds of formula LP1 are those selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0352] Where Y 0 It can be H or CH3, with H being preferred.

[0353] The most preferred compounds are LP1-1a, LP1-1b and LP1-1c, and the most preferred compound is LP1-1a.

[0354] The particularly preferred compounds of formula LP2 are those selected from the group consisting of the following formulas:

[0355] Where Y 0 It can be H or CH3, with H being preferred.

[0356] The compounds of formulas LP2-1a, LP2-1b, LP2-1c, LP2-1d and LP2-1i, LP2-2b, LP2-2c, LP2-3a, LP2-3c are highly preferred, and the compound of formula LP2-1b is most preferred.

[0357] The total proportion of compounds of formula LP1 or LP2 or their derivatives in the LC medium is preferably 2 to 35%, very preferably 3 to 30%, and most preferably 4 to 20%, by weight.

[0358] Preferably, the LC medium comprises one, two, or three compounds of formula LP1 or LP2 or their derivatives. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises at least one compound of formula LP1 and at least one compound of formula LP2.

[0359] The LC medium may optionally contain one or more compounds of formula B:

[0360] Each substituent, appearing identically or differently each time, and independently of each other, has the following meaning:

[0361] in

[0362] R 1 R 3 Having Equation I for R 1 and R 2 One of the meanings given is

[0363] Y 1 Indicates S or O, CH2, CH2CH2, CH2O, OCH2, CH=CH

[0364] Z z It can be -CH2O-, -O-, -C2H4-, -OCH2-, or a single bond.

[0365] L 1 and L2 The solvent is H, F, or Cl, with H or F being preferred and F being very preferred.

[0366] z is 0 or 1,

[0367] In formula B, the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group can be further replaced by methyl or methoxy groups.

[0368] In compounds of formula B and its subforms, R 1 and R 3 Preferably, it represents a straight-chain alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, or butoxy, and an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 3-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 3E-pentenyl, or 4-pentenyl.

[0369] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the medium contains one or more compounds selected from formula B:

[0370] Where Y 1 L 1 L 2 R 1 and R 3 It has the meaning given in equation B.

[0371] The preferred compound of formula B1 is selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0372] Where R 1 and R 3 Independently represents a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more CH2 groups are optionally -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a way that prevents them from being directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0373] Highly preferred are compounds of formulas B1-1 and B1-2, wherein both groups (O) represent oxygen atoms and R. 1 and R 3 Alkyl groups are independently designated as methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, or hexyl, and are preferably straight-chain. It is highly preferred that one "alkyl" is ethyl and the other "alkyl" is alkyl. * ” is n-pentyl.

[0374] Compounds of formula B1-2 are particularly preferred.

[0375] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-1 is selected from compounds of formulas B1-1-1 to B1-1-11, and more preferably compounds of formula B-1-1-6.

[0376] in

[0377] "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0378] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl*" each independently represent a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0379] “alkoxy” and “alkoxy*” each independently represent straight-chain alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0380] Preferably, the compound of formula B1-2 is selected from compounds of formulas B1-2-1 to B1-2-10, with formula B1-2-6 being the most preferred.

[0381] in

[0382] "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent straight-chain alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0383] "alkenyl" and "alkenyl*" each independently represent a straight-chain alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0384] “alkoxy” and “alkoxy*” each independently represent straight-chain alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[0385] Optionally, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A:

[0386] in

[0387] (O) indicates O or a single bond.

[0388] R IIIA C indicates an alkyl or alkenyl group or group having up to 7 carbon atoms. y -C m H 2m+1 -,

[0389] m and n are the same or different from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 1, 2 or 3, very preferably 1.

[0390] Cy represents an alicyclic group having 3, 4, or 5 ring atoms, which is optionally substituted with an alkyl or alkenyl group each having up to 3 C atoms, or substituted with a halogen or CN, and preferably represents cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, or cyclopentyl.

[0391] The compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A may alternatively or preferably additionally be included in the medium in addition to the compounds of formula B1-1 and B1-2.

[0392] Preferred compounds of formula B1-1A and / or B1-2A are also as follows:

[0393] "alkoxy" refers to a straight-chain alkoxy group or –(CH2) with 1 to 6 carbon atoms. n F, where n is 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably C2H4F.

[0394] The proportion of the compound of formula B1 or its sub-formulas in the LC medium is preferably 0-20% by weight, and very preferably 0-15% by weight.

[0395] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B1 or its sub-formulas.

[0396] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the LC medium may comprise one or more compounds of formula B2-2.

[0397] in

[0398] R 1 R 3 Alkyl or alkoxy groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, which may be represented by H in the same or different ways, wherein one or more CH2 groups of these groups are optionally independently separated from each other by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are used to replace the O atoms in a manner that prevents them from being directly connected to each other, and in addition, one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogens.

[0399] The compounds of formula B2-2 are preferably selected from compounds of formulas B2-2-1 to B2-2-10:

[0400] Where R 3 The alkyl group has 1 to 6 carbon atoms, preferably ethyl, n-propyl, or n-butyl, or alternatively cyclopropylmethyl, cyclobutylmethyl, or cyclopentylmethyl, or alternatively –(CH2). n F, where n is 2, 3, 4, or 5, preferably C2H4F.

[0401] The particularly preferred compound of formula B2 is selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0402] The proportion of the compound of formula B2 or its sub-formula in the LC medium is preferably 1-20% by weight, and very preferably 1-15% by weight.

[0403] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B2 or its derivatives.

[0404] Preferred compounds of formula B3 are selected from the following sub-formulas.

[0405] Where R 1 Having one of the meanings given in Formula B3 and preferably representing a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, most preferably propyl, and X 1 It has one of the meanings given in Formula B3 and preferably represents CF3, CHF2, OCHF2 or OCF3.

[0406] Preferred compounds of formula B3 are selected from the following sub-formulas:

[0407] Where R 1 The meaning given in Formula B3 is preferably a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 C atoms, very preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl or hexyl, more preferably ethyl or propyl, and most preferably propyl.

[0408] The most preferred compounds are those of formulas B3-1-1 and B3-2-2.

[0409] In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula B or its subformulas B1, B2, B3, B1-1, B1-2, B2-1, B2-2, B2-3, B3-1, B3-2, B3-1-1, B3-1-2, B3-2-1, and B3-2-2, wherein the dibenzofuran or dibenzothiophene group is substituted with a methyl or methoxy group, preferably with a methyl group, preferably at the p-position of the substituent F, and very preferably at the p-position of the substituent F (i.e., at the terminal group R). 2 or X 1 (m bits).

[0410] The proportion of the compound of formula B3 or its sub-formulas in the LC medium is preferably 1-20% by weight, and very preferably 1-10% by weight.

[0411] Preferably, the LC medium contains one, two, or three compounds of formula B3 or its derivatives.

[0412] Preferably, the total proportion of compounds of formula Y and B or their sub-formulas in the LC medium is 2 to 25% by weight, very preferably 3 to 20% by weight.

[0413] Compounds of formula ST

[0414] In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the LC medium may further comprise one or more compounds of the general formula ST:

[0415] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0416] express , or ;

[0417] X 21 X 22 Each can be represented independently as -O-, -CH2-, or -CHR. 23 -or-NR 23 -,

[0418] R 21 and R 22 Each of the following groups independently represents an H atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenyloxy, or alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally replaced by: -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO-, wherein the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or a cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy group having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms.

[0419] R 23 Represents an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms,

[0420] r represents 0 or 1.

[0421] Compounds containing the following subformulas ST-1, ST-2, and ST-3 exhibit particularly high long-term thermal and UV stability in LC media:

[0422] Each substituent has the following meaning:

[0423] express , or ;

[0424] R 21 and R 22 Each independently represents a H atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 7 C atoms, and

[0425] r represents 0 or 1.

[0426] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compound of general formula ST may be selected from the following specific structures:

[0427] In another preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention may contain at least one other sterically hindered phenol, which is mentioned in Table B below.

[0428] Compounds of formula H

[0429] LC media may optionally contain one or more compounds of the formula H.

[0430] in

[0431] R 11Each independently represents an H atom, F, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, one of which is a -CH2- group, or if present, multiple -CH2- groups may be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or more of which, if present, multiple -CH2- groups may be substituted by -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms may be substituted by F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement

[0432] R 12 Each independently represents an H atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, a hydrocarbon group containing a cycloalkyl or alkylcycloalkyl unit and wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted with F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group, in which one or more H atoms can be ORed 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Alternative,

[0433] R 13 and R 14 Each independently represents an alkyl or acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon or carboxylic acid group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0434] R 15 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups may be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-.

[0435] R 16 Each of the following is independently an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an O-cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an O• or OH group.

[0436] S 11 and S 12Each of these terms independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups, if present, can be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted by F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or indicating a single bond.

[0437] Y 11 To Y 14 Each independently represents either methyl or ethyl.

[0438] X 11 C represents...

[0439] Z 11 To Z 14 Each independently represents -O-, -(C=O)-, -O-(C=O)-, -(C=O)-O-, -O-(C=O)-O-, -(NR 13 )-,-NR 13 -(C=O)- or a single bond, if S 11 For a single bond, Z 11 and Z 12 Neither can simultaneously represent -O-; if S 12 For a single bond, Z 13 and Z 14 Neither can simultaneously represent -O-; and if q represents 0, Z 12 and Z 13 Neither of them simultaneously represents -O-.

[0440] p represents 1 or 2,

[0441] q represents 0 or 1.

[0442] o represents (3-p),

[0443] n represents an integer from 1 to 10.

[0444] m represents an integer from 0 to 8, where

[0445] n * p represents integers from 1 to 10, preferably 3 to 8, and

[0446] In some preferred embodiments of the invention, in compounds of formula H,

[0447] in

[0448] -Z 12 -S 11 -Z 11 - Each time it appears, it independently represents -O-, S 11 -O-, -OS 11 -O-,-(C=O)-OS 11 -O-,-O-(C=O)-S 11 -O-,-O-(C=O)-S 11 -(C=O)-O-,-OS 11 -(C=O)-O-,-(C=O)-OS 11 -C, -(C=O)-OS 11 -O-(C=O)- or -(NR) 13 )-S 11 -O-,-(NR 13 -C(=O)-S 11 -(C=O)-O or a single bond, preferably -O-, -S 11 -O-, -OS 11 -O-,-(C=O)-OS 11 -O-,-O-(C=O)-S 11 -O- or -OS 11 -(C=O)-O-, and / or

[0449] S 11 Preferably, it represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and / or

[0450] R 11 If present, it indicates alkyl, alkoxy, or H, preferably H or alkyl, and / or

[0451] R 12 It represents H, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, or 3-heptyl, or cyclohexyl.

[0452] In a preferred embodiment of this application, in the compound of formula H,

[0453] Groups selected from the following formulas:

[0454]

[0455] In another preferred embodiment of this application, in the compound of formula H,

[0456] Groups selected from the following formulas

[0457] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in the compound of formula H, p preferably represents 1.

[0458] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in the compound of formula H, the group

[0459] Groups selected from the following formulas

[0460] or

[0461] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, p is 2, which may be the same as or different from those described above, in compounds of formula H.

[0462] Groups selected from the following formulas

[0463] and

[0464] In yet another preferred embodiment of the invention, it may be the same as or different from those described above, in compounds of formula H, the group

[0465] Each time it appears, it represents independently of each other.

[0466] Compounds of the following general formulas H-1-1, H-1-2, and H-1-3 have been shown to be particularly effective UV stabilizers in LC mixtures, especially in terms of VHR stability:

[0467] Among them, ZG, R 16And n is as defined above, and n represents an integer from 1 to 8. These compounds are well-suited as stabilizers in LC mixtures and stabilize the VHR of the mixtures under UV irradiation.

[0468] In a particularly preferred embodiment, one or more compounds of formula H may be selected from compounds of formulas H-2-1 to H-2-6:

[0469] in

[0470] R 11 Each independently represents an H atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, one of which is a -CH2- group, or if present, multiple -CH2- groups may be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or more of which, if present, multiple -CH2- groups may be substituted by -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms may be substituted by F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement

[0471] R 16 Represents H atom or O•,

[0472] n represents an integer from 0 to 12, and

[0473] S 11 and S 12 Each of these terms independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups, if present, can be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted by F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or representing a single bond, and

[0474] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the LC medium according to the invention comprises, in each case, one or more compounds of formula H, said compound H being selected from the group consisting of compounds of the following formula.

[0475] The preferred content of one or more H compounds in the LC medium depends particularly on the inherent chemical stability of the LC medium and the properties of the H compounds. Wherein R 16 Compounds of formula H representing O•, known as NO radical-type HALS, are preferably used at a concentration of 50 ppm to 1000 ppm, based on the weight of the LC medium. Wherein R... 16 Compounds of the formula H, representing the H atom, are called NH radical-type HALS and are advantageously used in proportions ranging from 50 ppm to 2000 ppm by weight based on LC media.

[0476] Further preferred LC media are selected from the following preferred embodiments, including any combination thereof:

[0477] Combinations of compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG with compounds of formulas LP1, Z1 to Z7 and II and / or III.

[0478] Combinations of compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG with compounds of formulas LP2, Z1 to Z7 and II and / or III.

[0479] Combinations of compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG with compounds of formulas LP1, LP2, II and / or III, and compounds of formulas Z1 and Z4.

[0480] - The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG or their sub-formulas and LP1 and / or LP2, II and / or III and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, V, VI, VII, VIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XVIII, XIX, XX, XXI, XXIII, XXIV, XXV, XXVI, XXVII, XXVIII, XXIX, XXX, XXX-1, XXX-2, XXX-3, XXXII, XXXIII and S and their sub-formulas.

[0481] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula I or its sub-formulas, one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG and LP1 and / or LP2, II and / or III, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, Z5, IV, VI, XII, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, LP1-1, XXIII, XXIX and S and their sub-formulas.

[0482] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from formulas II-1, II-2, and II-3, with a high preference for those selected from formulas II-1 and II-2. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 25% by weight.

[0483] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from formulas III-1, III-4, III-6, III-16, III-19, and III-20, most preferably selected from formulas III-1, III-6, III-16, and III-20. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 30% by weight.

[0484] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula IV, preferably selected from formula IVa or IVc, very preferably selected from formula IVa-1 or IVc-1, and most preferably formula IVc-1. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight.

[0485] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula VI, preferably selected from formula VIb. The individual concentration of each of these compounds is preferably 1 to 20% by weight. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 5 to 20% by weight.

[0486] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Z1, preferably selected from formula Z1-1. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 70% by weight, more preferably 5 to 60% by weight, even more preferably 10 to 50% by weight, and particularly preferably 20 to 50% by weight.

[0487] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Z2, preferably selected from formulas Z2-1 and Z2-2. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 35% by weight, and very preferably 3 to 25% by weight.

[0488] - The LC medium contains 5 to 20 wt% of a compound of formula Z3, preferably Z3-1.

[0489] - The LC medium contains 5 to 20 wt% of a compound of formula Z4, preferably Z4-1.

[0490] - The LC medium contains 1 to 20%, very preferably 2 to 15% by weight of the compound of formula Z5.

[0491] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula LP1-1, preferably LP1-1a or LP2-1b, with LP1-1a being the most preferred. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0492] - This LC medium contains 1 to 15 wt% of a compound of formula LP2-1b.

[0493] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XII, preferably XIIa or XIIb, very preferably XIIa, and most preferably XIIa-1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0494] - This LC medium contains 1 to 15 wt% of a compound of formula XIIb.

[0495] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XIV, preferably XIVd, and very preferably XIVd-1. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0496] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of the formula XVIb, preferably XVIb-1, XVIb-2 and / or XVIb-3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 15% by weight.

[0497] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of the formula XVIc, preferably XVIc-1, XVIc-2 and / or XVIc-3. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 20% by weight.

[0498] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: XVIIa, XVIIb, and XVIIc, with XVIIa being very preferred, where L is H, and XVIIb being F. The total concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.

[0499] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XX, preferably formula XXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0500] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXI, preferably formula XXIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0501] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIII, preferably formula XXIIIa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.

[0502] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIX and one or more compounds of formula XXX.

[0503] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXIX, preferably formula XXIXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 5% by weight.

[0504] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XXXa. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 15% by weight.

[0505] - The LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula XII. The concentration of these compounds is preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0506] - The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, preferably formula I-1, one or more compounds selected from YA-2, YA-9, YA-37, YA-41, YD-5, YG-2, II and / or III, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: Z1, Z2 and Z3 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formula XIV, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: LP2-1, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulas.

[0507] - The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, preferably formula I-1 and, one or more compounds selected from YA-2, YA-9, YA-37, YA-41, YD-5, YG-2, II and / or III, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formula XIVd or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: LP1-1b, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulas.

[0508] - The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, preferably formula I-1, one or more compounds selected from YA-2, YA-9, YA-37, YA-41, YD-5, YG-2, II and / or III, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: Z1, Z2 and Z3 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from formula XIV, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: II, III, IV, VI, XX, XXIII and XXIX or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: LP2-1, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulas.

[0509] - The LC medium comprises one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, preferably formula I-1, one or more compounds selected from YA-2, YA-9, YA-37, YA-41, YD-5, YG-2, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds of formula B, preferably selected from formulas B1, B2 and B3, one or more compounds of formula XIVd or their sub-formulas, one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: II, III, IVc, VIb, XXa, XXIIIa and XXIXa or their sub-formulas, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the following formulas: LP1-1b, XVIb, XVIc, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc or their sub-formulas.

[0510] - In addition to compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, the LC medium contains one or more compounds of formula Z1-1 and one or more compounds of formula Z4-2 and / or Z4-3.

[0511] - In addition to compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, LP1 and / or LP2, the LC medium contains other compounds selected from compounds of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, IV, LP1-1, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX and XXIV or their subforms.

[0512] - In addition to compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, LP1 and / or LP2, the LC medium contains other compounds selected from compounds of formulas Z1, Z2, Z3, IV, LP2-1, XIV, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XXI, XXIII, XXIX, XXX and XXIV or their subforms.

[0513] The proportion of the compound of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG or their sub-formulas in the LC medium is 0.5 to 20% by weight, very preferably 1 to 20% by weight, and most preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0514] The proportion of compounds of formula Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4 and Z5 or their sub-formulas in the total LC medium is 10 to 65% by weight, very preferably 20 to 60% by weight.

[0515] The proportion of the compound of formula B or its sub-formula in the total LC medium is 0 to 15% by weight, very preferably 2 to 10% by weight.

[0516] The proportion of compounds of formula II, III, IV-VIII, XVIII-XXIII and XXVII-XXX in the total LC medium is 30 to 60 by weight.

[0517] The compounds of formula XIV and XV account for 40 to 70% by weight of the total LC medium.

[0518] The proportion of compounds of formula XIV, XVIIa-c and XXXII in the total LC medium is 0.5 to 15 by weight.

[0519] The term "alkyl" or "alkyl*" in this application covers straight-chain and branched alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly straight-chain groups methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, and hexyl. Groups having 2 to 5 carbon atoms are generally preferred.

[0520] The term "alkenyl" or "alkenyl*" encompasses straight-chain and branched alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly straight-chain groups. Preferred alkenyl groups are C2-C7-1E-alkenyl, C4-C6-3E-alkenyl, and especially C2-C6-1E-alkenyl. Particularly preferred examples of alkenyl groups are vinyl, 1E-propenyl, 1E-butenyl, 1E-pentenyl, 1E-hexenyl, 3-butenyl, 3E-pentenyl, 3E-hexenyl, 4-pentenyl, 4Z-hexenyl, 4E-hexenyl, and 5-hexenyl. Groups having up to 5 carbon atoms are generally preferred, particularly CH2=CH and CH3CH=CH.

[0521] The term "fluoroalkyl" preferably encompasses a straight-chain group with terminal fluorine, namely fluoromethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-fluoropentyl, 6-fluorohexyl, and 7-fluoroheptyl. However, other positions of fluorine are not excluded.

[0522] The terms "oxaalkyl" or "alkoxy" preferably encompass the formula C n H 2n+1-O-(CH2) m The linear group, wherein n and m each independently represent 1 to 6. m may also represent 0. Preferably, n = 1 and m = 1 to 6, or m = 0 and n = 1 to 3. More preferably, the alkoxy or oxaalkyl group may also contain one or more other O atoms in such a way that the oxygen atoms are not directly connected to each other.

[0523] By appropriately selecting R in Equations II and III 0 and X 0 The meaning of Δε can be modified in a desired manner, such as addressing time, threshold voltage, and steepness of the transmission characteristic curve. For example, compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups, 1E-alkenyl, 3E-alkenyl, 2E-alkenyloxy groups generally result in shorter addressing times, improved nematic tendency, and a higher ratio between the elastic constants K3 (bending) and K1 (unfolding). Compared to alkyl and alkoxy groups, 4-alkenyl, 3-alkenyl groups generally give lower threshold voltages and lower K3 / K1 values. The LC medium according to the invention is particularly characterized by a high Δε value, thus exhibiting a significantly faster response time compared to prior art LC media.

[0524] The optimal mixing ratio of the compounds described above depends primarily on the desired properties, the selection of the components described above, and the selection of any other components that may be present.

[0525] A suitable mixing ratio within the range indicated above can be easily determined based on the specific circumstances.

[0526] The total amount of the compounds of the above formula in the LC medium according to the invention is not important. Therefore, the LC medium may contain one or more other components for optimizing various properties. However, the higher the total concentration of the compounds of the above formula, the greater the expected improvement in the properties of the medium is generally observed.

[0527] In a particularly preferred embodiment, the LC medium according to the invention comprises compounds of formulas IV to VIII (preferably IV and V), wherein X 0 The compounds are represented as F, OCF3, OCHF2, OCH=CF2, OCF=CF2, or OCF2-CF2H. The advantageous synergistic effect with compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, II, and III results in particularly advantageous properties. In particular, LC media comprising compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, II, and III are characterized by their low threshold voltage.

[0528] The compounds of the formulas and their sub-formulas mentioned above that can be used in the LC media according to the present invention are known or can be prepared in a similar manner to known compounds.

[0529] The present invention also relates to a method for preparing LC media as described above and below, by mixing one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of formulas II, III, Z1, Z2, Z3, Z4, IV, VI, XIV, LP2-1, XVI, XVIIa, XVIIb, XVIIc, XX, XXIII, and XXIX.

[0530] The LC medium of the present invention may optionally contain one or more polymerizable compounds. The polymerizable compounds are preferably selected from formula M.

[0531] R a -B 1 -(Z b -B 2 ) m -R b M

[0532] Each substituent may be the same or different each time it appears, and each has the following meaning independently:

[0533] R a and R b This indicates P, P-Sp-, H, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, SF5, or a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having 1 to 25 C atoms, wherein, in addition, one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently of each other in such a manner that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other by -C(R 0 )=C(R 00 )-、-C C-、-N(R 00 -, -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-, -O-CO-O-, and wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, Br, I, CN, P or P-Sp-, wherein if B 1 and / or B 2 Contains saturated C atoms, R a and / or R b It can also represent a group that is spiro-linked to this saturated C atom.

[0534] Wherein the substituent R a and R b At least one of them represents or contains the group P or P-Sp-,

[0535] P represents a polymerizable group.

[0536] Sp represents a spacer group or a single bond.

[0537] B1 and B 2 It is an aromatic, heteroaromatic, alicyclic, or heterocyclic group, preferably having 4 to 25 ring atoms, and may also contain a fused ring, and is unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted with L.

[0538] Z b Represents -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -OCO-, -O-CO-O-, -OCH2-, -CH2O-, -SCH2-, -CH2S-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CF2S-, -SCF2-, -(CH2) n1 -, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -(CF2) n1 -、-CH=CH-、-CF=CF-、-C C-, -CH=CH-COO-, -OCO-CH=CH-, CR 0 R 00 Or a single key,

[0539] R 0 and R 00 Each of these can independently represent H or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.

[0540] m represents 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0541] n1 represents 1, 2, 3, or 4.

[0542] L represents P, P-Sp-, OH, CH2OH, F, Cl, Br, I, -CN, -NO2, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(=O)N(R x )2、-C(=O)Y 1 -C(=O)R x -N(R) x 2. Optionally substituted silyl groups, optionally substituted aryl groups having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or straight-chain or branched alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarbonyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, or alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein, in addition, one or more H atoms may be substituted by F, Cl, P, or P-Sp-.

[0543] P and Sp have the meanings indicated in equation M above.

[0544] Y 1 Indicates halogen,

[0545] R xThe designation represents P, P-Sp-, H, halogen, straight-chain, branched, or cyclic alkyl groups having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups may be replaced by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, or -O-CO-O- in such a manner that the O and / or S atoms are not directly connected to each other, and wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by F, Cl, P, or P-Sp-, optionally substituted aryl or aryloxy groups having 6 to 40 carbon atoms, or optionally substituted heteroaryl or heteroaryloxy groups having 2 to 40 carbon atoms.

[0546] Further preferably, the LC medium according to the invention comprises one or more polymerizable compounds selected from Table H below.

[0547] Preferably, the proportion of polymerizable compounds (preferably selected from formula M and table H) in the LC medium is 0.01 to 5%, very preferably 0.05 to 1%, and most preferably 0.1 to 0.5%.

[0548] It has been observed that the addition of one or more polymerizable compounds, such as those selected from Formula M and Table H, to the LC medium results in advantageous properties, such as fast response time. This LC medium is particularly suitable for PSA displays, exhibiting low image retention, rapid and complete polymerization, a stable low pretilt angle after UV exposure, high reliability, high VHR value after UV exposure, and high birefringence. By appropriately selecting the polymerizable compounds, the absorption of the LC medium at longer UV wavelengths can be increased, allowing polymerization to be performed using these longer UV wavelengths, which is advantageous for the display manufacturing process.

[0549] The present invention also relates to the use of the LC medium according to the invention described in the context for electro-optical purposes, particularly for use in shutter glasses, for 3D applications, for use in TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA and positive PS-VA displays, and to electro-optical displays, particularly electro-optical displays of the types described above, which contain the LC medium according to the invention described in the context, particularly TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-FFS, positive VA (vertically aligned) or positive PS-VA displays.

[0550] The present invention also relates to an electro-optic display, such as an STN or matrix LC (MLC) display, having two planes parallel to an outer plate forming a cell with a frame, integrated nonlinear elements for switching individual pixels on the outer plate, and a nematic LC medium having positive dielectric anisotropy and high specific resistance located in the cell, wherein the nematic LC medium is an LC medium according to the present invention as described in the context.

[0551] The LC medium according to the present invention allows for a significantly wider tolerance of available parameters. The achievable combination of clearing point, viscosity at low temperatures, thermal stability, UV stability, and high optical anisotropy is far superior to that of previous materials from the prior art.

[0552] In particular, combinations of compounds of formula I with one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG, and optionally with compounds selected from formulas II-XXXII or their sub-formulas, exhibit moderate positive dielectric anisotropy and simultaneously exhibit an increased dielectric constant ε perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the LC molecule. ⊥ This allows LC displays, especially FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS-mode LC displays, to have high contrast and transmittance as well as low response time.

[0553] The LC medium according to the present invention is suitable for mobile and TFT applications, such as mobile phones and PDAs. Furthermore, the LC medium according to the present invention is particularly suitable for FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, and IPS displays based on positive dielectric liquid crystals.

[0554] The LC medium according to the invention, while maintaining the nematic phase at -20°C, preferably -30°C, particularly preferably -40°C, and a clearing point ≥75°C, preferably ≥80°C, while allowing a rotational viscosity γ1 of ≤120 mPa·s, particularly preferably ≤100 mPa·s, enables the acquisition of an excellent MLC display with a fast response time. The rotational viscosity was measured at 20°C.

[0555] The dielectric anisotropy Δε of the LC medium according to the present invention at 20°C and 1 kHz is preferably ≥ +1.5, very preferably +2 to +18, and most preferably +3 to +10.

[0556] The birefringence Δn of the LC medium according to the present invention at 20°C is preferably 0.08 to 0.2, and very preferably 0.09 to 0.15.

[0557] The rotational viscosity γ1 of the LC medium according to the present invention is preferably ≤120 mPa·s, more preferably ≤110 mPa·s, and most preferably ≤90 mPa·s.

[0558] The ratio γ1 / K1 of the LC medium according to the present invention (where γ1 is the rotational viscosity and K1 is the elastic constant of the oblique stretching) is preferably ≤7 mPa·s / pN, very preferably ≤6 mPa·s / pN, and most preferably ≤5.5 mPa·s / pN.

[0559] The average elastic constant of the LC medium according to the present invention is preferably at least 14.0 pN, very preferably at least 15.0 pN, and most preferably at least 16.0 pN. Kav can be calculated according to the following formula: Kav=(K1+K2+K3) / 3≈(K1+½*K1+K3) / 3.

[0560] The nematic phase range of the LC medium according to the invention preferably has a width of at least 70°C, more preferably at least 80°C, and particularly at least 90°C. This range preferably extends at least from -25°C to +90°C.

[0561] It goes without saying that, by appropriately selecting the components of the LC medium according to the invention, a higher clearing point (e.g., above 100°C) can be achieved at a higher threshold voltage, or a lower clearing point can be achieved at a lower threshold voltage while retaining other advantageous properties. Similarly, with only a slightly increased viscosity, an LC medium having a higher Δε and thus a lower threshold can be obtained. The MLC display according to the invention preferably operates at the first Gooch and Tarry transmission minimum [CH Gooch and HA Tarry, Electron. Lett. 10, 2-4, 1974; CH Gooch and HA Tarry, Appl. Phys., Vol. 8, 1575-1584, 1975], where, in addition to particularly advantageous electro-optical properties, such as the high steepness of the characteristic lines and the low angle dependence of contrast (German Patent 30 22 818), a lower dielectric anisotropy is sufficient at the same threshold voltage as in a similar display at the second minimum. This allows the LC medium of the present invention to achieve a significantly higher resistivity value at the first minimum compared to LC media containing cyano compounds. By appropriately selecting the various components and their weight ratios, those skilled in the art can use simple, conventional methods to set the birefringence required for a predetermined layer thickness in an MLC display.

[0562] Measurements of voltage retention rate (HR) [S. Matsumoto et al., Liquid Crystals 5, 1320 (1989); K. Niwa et al., Proc. SID Conference, San Francisco, June 1984, p. 304 (1984); G. Weber et al., Liquid Crystals 5, 1381 (1989)] have shown that LC media containing compounds of formulas ST-1, ST-2, RV, IA, and IB according to the invention exhibit better performance under UV exposure compared to those containing... cyanophenylcyclohexane or formula The HR of similar mixtures of esters decreased significantly less.

[0563] The LC media according to the present invention exhibit significantly better light and UV stability, i.e., they show a significantly smaller decrease in HR when exposed to light, heat or UV.

[0564] The MLC display of the present invention, consisting of a polarizer, an electrode substrate, and surface-treated electrodes, is constructed in accordance with the conventional design of such displays. The term "conventional design" is interpreted broadly herein and also includes all derivatives and variations of MLC displays, particularly matrix display elements based on polysilicon TFTs or MIMs.

[0565] However, the significant difference between the display according to the present invention and conventional displays based on twisted nematic cells to date lies in the selection of LC parameters for the LC layer.

[0566] The LC medium used according to the present invention can be prepared by conventional methods, for example by mixing the compound of claim 1 with one or more compounds of formulas II-XXXII or with other LC compounds and / or additives. Typically, the desired amount of the component to be used in a smaller quantity is advantageously dissolved in the component constituting the main component at an elevated temperature. Solutions of the components in organic solvents, such as acetone, chloroform, or methanol, can also be mixed, and the solvent removed, for example, by distillation, after thorough mixing.

[0567] The LC medium may also contain other additives known to those skilled in the art and described in the literature, such as polymerization initiators, inhibitors, surfactants, light stabilizers, antioxidants such as BHT and TEMPOL, microparticles, free radical scavengers, nanoparticles, etc. For example, 0-15% of multicolor dyes or chiral dopants or initiators such as Irgacure® 651 or Irgacure® 907 may be added. Suitable stabilizers and dopants are mentioned in Tables F and G below. In a preferred embodiment, the LC medium contains one or more stabilizers selected from Table G. Preferably, the stabilizer (such as those of formulas ST and H, as described above or listed in Table G) is present in the LC medium at a concentration of 10 to 2000 ppm, very preferably 30 to 1000 ppm.

[0568] In addition, 0 to 15% by weight of multicolor dyes, nanoparticles, conductive salts (preferably ethyl dimethyl dodecyl ammonium 4-hexyloxybenzoate, tetrabutyl tetraphenyl borate, or complex salts of crown ethers (see, for example, Haller et al., Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 24, 249-258 (1973))) can be added to the LC medium to improve conductivity, or substances can be added to modify dielectric anisotropy, viscosity, and / or nematic phase alignment. Such substances are described, for example, in DE-A22 09 127, 22 40 864, 23 21 632, 23 38 281, 24 50 088, 26 37 430, and 28 53 728.

[0569] For the purposes of this invention and in the following embodiments, the structures of the LC compounds are indicated by acronyms and converted to chemical formulas according to Tables A through C below. All substituents C m H 2m+1 C n H 2n+1 and C l H 2l+1 Or C m H 2m-1 C n H 2n-1 and C l H 2l-1 The compounds are straight-chain alkyl or alkylene groups, each having n, m, and l carbon atoms, respectively. Preferably, n, m, and l are 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 independently of each other. Table A shows the codes for the core ring elements of the compounds, Table B lists the bridging units, and Table C lists the meanings of the symbols for the left and right end groups of the molecule. Acronyms consist of the code for the ring element with an optional linking group, followed by the first hyphen and the code for the left end group, and the second hyphen and the code for the right end group. Table D shows schematic structures of the compounds and their corresponding abbreviations.

[0570] Table A: Ring Elements

[0571] Table B: Bridging Units

[0572] Table C: End bases

[0573] Where n and m are integers, and the three dots “…” are placeholders for other abbreviations from the table.

[0574] The following abbreviations were used:

[0575] (n, m, k, and l are each independent integers, preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 6. k and l can also be 0, preferably 0 to 4, more preferably 0 or 2, and most preferably 2. n is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. In the combination "-nO-", it is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. m is preferably 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5. In the combination "-Om", it is preferably 1, 2, 3, or 4, more preferably 2 or 4. The combination "-lVm" is preferably "2V1".)

[0576] The preferred LC media composition is shown in Tables D and E.

[0577] Table D

[0578] Table E

[0579] In the following formula, n and m each independently represent 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12, especially 2, 3, 5, and in addition 0, 4, 6.

[0580] In particular, LC media containing at least one, two, three, four or more compounds from Table E are preferred, in addition to compounds of Formula I and YA to YG.

[0581] Table F

[0582] Table F indicates possible dopants typically added to the LC medium according to the invention. The LC medium preferably contains 0% to 10% by weight, particularly 0.01% to 5% by weight, and especially preferably 0.01% to 3% by weight of dopants.

[0583] Table G

[0584] The stabilizer can be added, for example, to the LC medium according to the invention in an amount of 0% to 10% by weight, as described below.

[0585] Table H

[0586] Table H shows illustrative reactive mesocrystalline compounds (RM) that can be used in LC media according to the present invention.

[0587] The LC medium according to the invention may optionally contain one or more polymerizable compounds, preferably selected from polymerizable compounds of formula RM-1 to RM-184. Among these, compounds RM-1, RM-4, RM-8, RM-17, RM-19, RM-35, RM-37, RM-39, RM-40, RM-41, RM-48, RM-52, RM-54, RM-57, RM-58, RM-64, RM-74, RM-76, RM-88, RM-91, RM-102, RM-103, RM- 109, RM-116, RM-117, RM-120, RM-121, RM-122, RM-139, RM-140, RM-142, RM-143, RM- 145, RM-146, RM-147, RM-149, RM-156 to RM-163, RM-169, RM-170 and RM-171 to RM-184 are particularly preferred. Detailed Implementation

[0588] The following examples are intended to explain the invention, but not to limit it.

[0589] In this context, percentage data refers to weight percentage. All temperatures are indicated in degrees Celsius. mp represents the melting point, and cl.p. = clearing point. Furthermore, C = crystalline, N = nematic, S = smectic, and I = isotropic. Data between these symbols represent transformation temperatures. Additionally, the following symbols are also used:

[0590] V0 represents the Freedericks threshold voltage at 20°C, and the capacitance [V].

[0591] V 10 This represents the voltage [V] for a 10% transmittance.

[0592] n eThis indicates the unusual refractive index at 20°C and 589 nm.

[0593] n0 represents the ordinary refractive index at 20℃ and 589nm.

[0594] Δn represents the optical anisotropy measured at 20℃ and 589nm.

[0595] ε ⊥ This represents the dielectric susceptibility (or "dielectric constant") perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the molecule at 20 °C and 1 kHz.

[0596] ε || This represents the dielectric susceptibility (or "dielectric constant") parallel to the longitudinal axis of the molecule at 20 °C and 1 kHz.

[0597] Δε represents the dielectric anisotropy at 20℃ and 1kHz.

[0598] cl.p. or T(N,I) indicates the clearing point [°C].

[0599] υ represents the flow viscosity measured at 20°C [mm]. 2 ·s -1 ],

[0600] γ1 represents the rotational viscosity [mPa·s] measured at 20°C.

[0601] K1 represents the elastic constant at 20℃, and the "bending" deformation [pN].

[0602] K2 represents the elastic constant at 20℃, and the "torsional" deformation [pN].

[0603] K3 represents the elastic constant at 20℃, the bending deformation [pN], and

[0604] VHR stands for Voltage Hold-up.

[0605] Unless otherwise expressly indicated, all physical properties are determined according to “Merck Liquid Crystals, Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals”, November 1997, Merck KGaA, Germany, and are applicable to a temperature of 20°C.

[0606] Example

[0607] Example M1

[0608] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0609] Mixture Example S1 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[0610] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0611] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M1, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0612] Example M2

[0613] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0614] Mixture Example S2 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[0615] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0616] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M2, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0617] Example M3

[0618] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0619] Mixture Example S3 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-5)

[0620] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0621] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M3, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-5 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0622] Example M4

[0623] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0624] Mixture Example S4 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-1)

[0625] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0626] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M4, the addition of 1000 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-1 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0627] Example M5

[0628] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0629] Mixture Example S5 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-3)

[0630] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0631] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M5, the addition of 1000 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0632] Example M6

[0633] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0634] Mixture Example S6 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-4)

[0635] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0636] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M6, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-4 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0637] Example M7

[0638] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0639] Mixture Example S7 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-4-2)

[0640] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0641] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M7, the compound with 1000 ppm of formula ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0642] Example M8

[0643] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0645] Mixture Example S8 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-2)

[0646] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0647] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M8, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0648] Example M9

[0649] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0650] Mixture Example S9 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-4)

[0651] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0652] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M9, the addition of 100 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-4 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0653] Example M10

[0654] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0655] Mixture Example S10 (Stabilized using Formula H-3-6)

[0656] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0657] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M10, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-6 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0658] Example M11

[0659] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0660] Mixture Example S11 (Stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-7)

[0661] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0662] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M11, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-7 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0663] Example M12

[0664] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0665] Mixture Example S12 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-8)

[0666] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0667] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M12, the addition of 1000 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-8 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0668] Example M13

[0669] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0670] Mixture Example S13 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-12)

[0671] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0672] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M13, the compound with 50 ppm of formula H-3-12 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0673] Example M14

[0674] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0675] Mixture Example S14 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-9)

[0676] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0677] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M14, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-9 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0678] Example M15

[0679] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0680] Mixture Example S15 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-14)

[0681] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0682] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M15, the compound with 50 ppm of formula H-3-14 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0683] Example M16

[0684] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0685] Mixture Example S16 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-10)

[0686] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0687] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M16, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-10 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0688] Example M17

[0689] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0690] Mixture Example S17 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-11)

[0691] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0692] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M17, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-11 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0693] Example M18

[0694] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0695] Mixture Example S18 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-13)

[0696] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0697] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M18, the compound with 50 ppm of formula H-3-13 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0698] Example M19

[0699] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0700] Mixture Example S19 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-1 and ST-1-3)

[0701] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0702] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M19, the compounds with added formulas H-3-1 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0703] Example M20

[0704] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0705] Mixture Example S20 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-2 and ST-1-3)

[0706] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0707] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M20, the compounds with added H-3-2 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0708] Example M21

[0709] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0710] Mixture Example S21 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-6 and ST-1-3)

[0711] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0712] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M21, the compound with added H-3-6 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0713] Example M22

[0714] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0715] Mixture Example S22 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-10 and ST-1-3)

[0716] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0717] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M22, the compounds with added formulas H-3-10 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0718] Example M23

[0719] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0720] Mixture Example S23 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-4 and ST-1-3)

[0721] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0722] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M23, the compounds with added formulas H-3-10 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0723] Example M24

[0724] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0725] Mixture Example S24 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-3 and ST-1-3)

[0726] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0727] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M24, the compounds with added H-3-3 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0728] Example M25

[0729] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0730] Mixture Example S25 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-5 and ST-1-3)

[0731] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0732] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M25, the compounds with added H-3-5 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0733] Example M26

[0734] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0735] Mixture Example S26 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-7 and ST-1-3)

[0736] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0737] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M26, the compounds with added formulas H-3-7 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0738] Example M27

[0739] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0740] Mixture Example S27 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-9 and ST-1-3)

[0741] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0742] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M27, the compounds with added formulas H-3-9 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0743] Example M28

[0744] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0745] Mixture Example S28 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-11 and ST-1-3)

[0746] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0747] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M28, the compounds with added formulas H-3-11 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0748] Example M29

[0749] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0750] Mixture Example S29 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-8 and ST-1-3)

[0751] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0752] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M29, the compounds with added formulas H-3-8 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0753] Example M30

[0754] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0755] Mixture Example S30 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-13 and ST-1-3)

[0756] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0757] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M30, the compounds with added formulas H-3-13 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0758] Example M31

[0759] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0760] Mixture Example S31 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-12 and ST-1-3)

[0761] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0762] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M31, the compounds with added formulas H-3-12 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0763] Example M32

[0764] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0765] Mixture Example S32 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-14 and ST-1-3)

[0766] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0767] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M32, the compounds with added formulas H-3-14 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0768] Example M33

[0769] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0770] Mixture Example S33 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-15 and ST-1-3)

[0771] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0772] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M33, the compounds with added formulas H-3-15 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0773] Example M34

[0774] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0775] Mixture Example S34 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-15)

[0776] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0777] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M34, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-15 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0778] Example M35

[0779] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0780] Mixture Example S35 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-16)

[0781] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0782] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M35, the addition of 100 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-16 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0783] Example M36

[0784] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0785] Mixture Example S36 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-17)

[0786] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0787] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M36, the compound with 50 ppm of formula H-3-17 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0788] Example M37

[0789] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0790] Mixture Example S37 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-18)

[0791] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0792] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M37, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-18 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0793] Example M38

[0794] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0795] Mixture Example S38 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-19)

[0796] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0797] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M38, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-19 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0798] Example M39

[0799] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0800] Mixture Example S39 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-20)

[0801] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0802] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M39, the compound with 50 ppm of formula H-3-20 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0803] Example M40

[0804] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0805] Mixture Example S40 (stabilized with a compound of formula H-3-21)

[0806] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0807] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M40, the addition of 50 ppm of the compound of formula H-3-21 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0808] Example M41

[0809] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0810] Mixture Example S41 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-16 and ST-1-3)

[0811] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0812] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M41, the compound with added H-3-16 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0813] Example M42

[0814] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0815] Mixture Example S42 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-17 and ST-1-3)

[0816] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0817] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M42, the compounds with added formulas H-3-17 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0818] Example M43

[0819] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0820] Mixture Example S43 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-18 and ST-1-3)

[0821] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0822] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M43, the compound with added H-3-18 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0823] Example M44

[0824] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0825] Mixture Example S44 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-19 and ST-1-3)

[0826] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0827] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M44, the compounds with added formulas H-3-19 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0828] Example M45

[0829] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0830] Mixture Example S45 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-20 and ST-1-3)

[0831] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0832] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M45, the compounds with added formulas H-3-20 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0833] Example M46

[0834] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0835] Mixture Example S46 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-21 and ST-1-3)

[0836] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0837] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M46, the compounds with added formulas H-3-21 and ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0838] Example M47

[0839] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0840] Mixture Example S47 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-1 and ST-2-3)

[0841] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0842] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M47, the compound with added H-3-1 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0843] Example M48

[0844] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0845] Mixture Example S48 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-2 and ST-1-3)

[0846] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0847] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M49, the compounds with added H-3-2 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0848] Example M49

[0849] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0850] Mixture Example S49 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-3 and ST-2-3)

[0851] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0852] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M49, the compounds with added H-3-3 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0853] Example M50

[0854] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0855] Mixture Example S50 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-4 and ST-2-3)

[0856] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0857] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M50, the compounds with added H-3-4 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0858] Example M51

[0859] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0860] Mixture Example S51 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-5 and ST-2-3)

[0861] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0862] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M51, the compound with added H-3-5 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0863] Example M52

[0864] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0865] Mixture Example S52 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-6 and ST-2-3)

[0866] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0867] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M52, the compound with added H-3-6 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0868] Example M53

[0869] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0870] Mixture Example S53 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-7 and ST-2-3)

[0871] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0872] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M53, the compound with added H-3-7 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0873] Example M54

[0874] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0875] Mixture Example S54 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-8 and ST-2-3)

[0876] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0877] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M54, the compound with added H-3-8 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0878] Example M55

[0879] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0880] Mixture Example S55 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-9 and ST-2-3)

[0881] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0882] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M55, the compound with added H-3-9 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0883] Example M56

[0884] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0885] Mixture Example S56 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-10 and ST-2-3)

[0886] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0887] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M56, the compounds with added formulas H-3-10 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0888] Example M57

[0889] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0890] Mixture Example S57 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-11 and ST-2-3)

[0891] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0892] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M57, the compounds with added H-3-11 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0893] Example M58

[0894] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0895] Mixture Example S58 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-12 and ST-2-3)

[0896] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0897] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M58, the compounds with added H-3-12 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0898] Example M59

[0899] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0900] Mixture Example S59 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-13 and ST-2-3)

[0901] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0902] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M59, the compounds with added H-3-13 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0903] Example M60

[0904] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0905] Mixture Example S60 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-14 and ST-2-3)

[0906] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0907] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M60, the compound with added H-3-14 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0908] Example M61

[0909] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0910] Mixture Example S61 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-15 and ST-2-3)

[0911] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0912] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M61, the compounds with added formulas H-3-15 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0913] Example M62

[0914] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0915] Mixture Example S62 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-16 and ST-2-3)

[0916] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0917] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M62, the compound with added H-3-16 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0918] Example M63

[0919] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0920] Mixture Example S63 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-17 and ST-2-3)

[0921] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0922] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M63, the compound with added H-3-17 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0923] Example M64

[0924] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0925] Mixture Example S64 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-18 and ST-2-3)

[0926] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0927] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M64, the compound with added H-3-18 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0928] Example M65

[0929] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0930] Mixture Example S65 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-19 and ST-2-3)

[0931] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0932] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M65, the compounds with added formulas H-3-19 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0933] Example M66

[0934] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0935] Mixture Example S66 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-20 and ST-2-3)

[0936] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0937] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M66, the compounds with added formulas H-3-20 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0938] Example M67

[0939] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0940] Mixture Example S67 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-21 and ST-2-3)

[0941] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0942] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M67, the compounds with added formulas H-3-21 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0943] Example M68

[0944] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0945] Mixture Example S68 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-1 and ST-4-2)

[0946] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0947] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M68, the compound with added H-3-1 and ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0948] Example M69

[0949] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0950] Mixture Example S69 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-2 and ST-4-2)

[0951] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0952] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M69, the compound with added H-3-2 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0953] Example M70

[0954] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0955] Mixture Example S70 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-3 and ST-4-2)

[0956] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0957] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M70, the compound with added H-3-3 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0958] Example M71

[0959] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0960] Mixture Example S71 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-4 and ST-4-2)

[0961] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0962] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M71, the compound with added H-3-4 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0963] Example M72

[0964] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0965] Mixture Example S72 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-5 and ST-4-2)

[0966] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0967] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M72, the compound with added H-3-5 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0968] Example M73

[0969] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0970] Mixture Example S73 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-6 and ST-4-2)

[0971] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0972] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M73, the compound with added H-3-6 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0973] Example M74

[0974] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0975] Mixture Example S74 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-7 and ST-4-2)

[0976] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0977] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M74, the compound with added H-3-7 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0978] Example M75

[0979] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0980] Mixture Example S75 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-8 and ST-4-2)

[0981] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0982] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M75, the compound with added H-3-8 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0983] Example M76

[0984] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0985] Mixture Example S76 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-9 and ST-4-2)

[0986] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0987] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M76, the compound with added H-3-9 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0988] Example M77

[0989] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0990] Mixture Example S77 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-10 and ST-4-2)

[0991] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0992] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M77, the compound with added H-3-10 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0993] Example M78

[0994] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[0995] Mixture Example S78 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-11 and ST-4-2)

[0996] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[0997] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M78, the compound with added H-3-11 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[0998] Example M79

[0999] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1000] Mixture Example S79 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-12 and ST-4-2)

[1001] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1002] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M79, the compound with added H-3-12 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1003] Example M80

[1004] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1005] Mixture Example S80 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-13 and ST-4-2)

[1006] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1007] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M80, the compound with added H-3-13 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1008] Example M81

[1009] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1010] Mixture Example S81 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-14 and ST-4-2)

[1011] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1012] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M81, the compound with added H-3-14 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1013] Example M82

[1014] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1015] Mixture Example S82 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-15 and ST-4-2)

[1016] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1017] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M82, the compound with added H-3-15 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1018] Example M83

[1019] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1020] Mixture Example S83 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-16 and ST-4-2)

[1021] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1022] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M83, the compound with added H-3-16 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1023] Example M84

[1024] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1025] Mixture Example S84 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-17 and ST-4-2)

[1026] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1027] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M84, the compound with added H-3-17 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1028] Example M85

[1029] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1030] Mixture Example S85 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-18 and ST-4-2)

[1031] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1032] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M85, the compound with added H-3-18 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1033] Example M86

[1034] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1035] Mixture Example S86 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-19 and ST-4-2)

[1036] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1037] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M86, the compound with added H-3-19 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1038] Example M87

[1039] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1040] Mixture Example S87 (stabilized with compounds of formula H-3-20 and ST-4-2)

[1041] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1042] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M87, the compound with added H-3-20 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1043] Example M88

[1044] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1045] Mixture Example S88 (stabilized with compounds of formulas H-3-21 and ST-4-2)

[1046] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1047] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M88, the compounds with added formulas H-3-21 and ST-4-2 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1048] Example M89

[1049] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1050] Mixture Example S89 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[1051] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1052] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M89, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1053] Example M90

[1054] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1055] Mixture Example S90 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[1056] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1057] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M90, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1058] Example M91

[1059] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1060] Mixture Example S91 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[1061] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1062] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M91, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1063] Example M92

[1064] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1065] Mixture Example S92 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[1066] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1067] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M92, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1068] Example M93

[1069] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1070] Mixture Example S93 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[1071] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1072] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M93, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1073] Example M94

[1074] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1075] Mixture Example S94 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[1076] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1077] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M94, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1078] Example M95

[1079] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1080] Mixture Example S95 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-1-3)

[1081] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1082] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M95, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-1-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1083] Example M96

[1084] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1085] Mixture Example S96 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1086] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1087] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M96, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1088] Example M97

[1089] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1090] Mixture Example S97 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1091] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1092] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M97, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1093] Example M98

[1094] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1095] Mixture Example S98 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1096] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1097] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M98, the addition of 600 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1098] Example M99

[1099] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1100] Mixture Example S99 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1101] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1102] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M99, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1103] Example M100

[1104] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1105] Mixture Example S100 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1106] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1107] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M100, the addition of 600 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1108] Example M101

[1109] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1110] Mixture Example S101 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1111] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1112] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M101, the compound with 400 ppm of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1113] Example M102

[1114] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1115] Mixture Example S102 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1116] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1117] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M102, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1118] Example M103

[1119] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1120] Mixture Example S103 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1121] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1122] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M103, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1123] Example M104

[1124] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1125] Mixture Example S104 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1126] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1127] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M104, the addition of 200 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 Without affecting the other physical properties of the mixture.

[1128] Example M105

[1129] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1130] Mixture Example S105 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1131] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1132] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M105, the addition of 200 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1133] Example M106

[1134] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1135] Mixture Example S106 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1136] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1137] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M106, the addition of 300 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1138] Example M107

[1139] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1140] Mixture Example S107 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1141] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1142] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M107, the addition of 300 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1143] Example M108

[1144] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1145] Mixture Example S108 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1146] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1147] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M108, the addition of 300 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1148] Example M109

[1149] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1150] Mixture Example S109 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1151] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1152] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M109, the addition of 300 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1153] Example M110

[1154] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1155] Mixture Example S110 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1156] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1157] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M110, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1158] Example M111

[1159] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1160] Mixture Example S111 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1161] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1162] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M111, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1163] Example M112

[1164] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1165] Mixture Example S112 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1166] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1167] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M112, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1168] Example M113

[1169] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1170] Mixture Example S113 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1171] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1172] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M113, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1173] Example M114

[1174] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1175] Mixture Example S114 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1176] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1177] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M114, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1178] Example M115

[1179] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1180] Mixture Example S115 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1181] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1182] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M115, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1183] Example M116

[1184] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1185] Mixture Example S116 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1186] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1187] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M116, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1188] Example M117

[1189] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1190] Mixture Example S117 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1191] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1192] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M117, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1193] Example M118

[1194] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1195] Mixture Example S118 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1196] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1197] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M118, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1198] Example M119

[1199] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1200] Mixture Example S119 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1201] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1202] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M119, the compound with 600 ppm of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1203] Example M120

[1204] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1205] Mixture Example S120 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1206] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1207] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M120, the addition of 600 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1208] Example M121

[1209] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1210] Mixture Example S121 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1211] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1212] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M121, the compound with 400 ppm of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1213] Example M122

[1214] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1215] Mixture Example S122 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1216] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1217] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M122, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1218] Example M123

[1219] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1220] Mixture Example S123 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1221] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1222] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M123, the compound with 400 ppm of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1223] Example M124

[1224] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1225] Mixture Example S124 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1226] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1227] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M124, the compound with 400 ppm of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1228] Example M125

[1229] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1230] Mixture Example S125 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1231] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1232] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M125, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1233] Example M126

[1234] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1235] Mixture Example S126 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1236] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1237] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M126, the compound with 400 ppm of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1238] Example M127

[1239] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1240] Mixture Example S127 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1241] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1242] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M127, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1243] Example M128

[1244] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1245] Mixture Example S128 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1246] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1247] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M128, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1248] Example M129

[1249] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1250] Mixture Example S129 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1251] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1252] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M129, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1253] Example M130

[1254] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1255] Mixture Example S130 (stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1256] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1257] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M130, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1258] Example M131

[1259] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1260] Mixture Example S131 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1261] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1262] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M131, the addition of 400 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1263] Example M132

[1264] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1265] Mixture Example S132 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1266] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1267] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M132, the addition of 300 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1268] Example M133

[1269] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1270] Mixture Example S133 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1271] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1272] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M133, the addition of 300 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

[1273] Example M134

[1274] Nematic LC media are prepared as follows:

[1275] Mixture Example S134 (Stabilized with a compound of formula ST-2-3)

[1276] The nematic LC medium according to the present invention is prepared as follows:

[1277] Compared to the unstabilized mixture M134, the addition of 500 ppm of the compound of formula ST-2-3 significantly improved VHR after UV exposure. 100 This does not affect the remaining physical properties of the mixture.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal medium having positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds of formula I. I Each substituent has the following meaning: R 1 and R 2 Each of the following independently represents a H atom, a halogen atom, -CN, -SCN, -NCS, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms; R 3 The H atom represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, preferably H or CH3; A 1 and A 2 Each of these can be independently represented as phenylene-1,4-diyl, wherein, in addition, one or two CH groups may be substituted with N and one or more H atoms may be substituted with halogen, CN, CH3, CHF2, CH2F, CF3, OCH3, OCHF2 or OCF3, cyclohexane-1,4-diyl, wherein, in addition, one or two non-adjacent CH2 groups may be independently substituted with O and / or S and one or more H atoms may be substituted with F, cyclohexene-1,4-diyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1,3-diyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1,4-diyl, spiro[3.3]heptane-2,6-diyl, tetrahydropyran-2,5-diyl or 1,3-dioxane-2,5-diyl, Z 1 and Z 2 Each of these can be represented independently as -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -C2H4-, -C2F4-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2CF2-, -CFHCFH-, -CFHCH2-, -CH2CFH-, -CF2CFH-, -CFHCF2-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CF-, -C C- or single bond; k and l each independently represent 0, 1, 2, or 3; and A compound selected from compounds of formulas YA, YB, YC, YD, YE, YF, and YG. Each substituent has the following meaning: R 21 This indicates an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally separated by -C. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms; R 22 This indicates an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally separated by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms; L 1 To L 3 Each can be represented independently as F, Cl, CF3, or CHF2; L 4 and L 5 Each can be represented independently of the other, either H or F; R 23 The H atom represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, preferably H or CH3; Z 1 and Z 2 Each of them independently represents a single bond: -CH2CH2-, -CH=CH-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -OCO-, -C2F4-, -CF=CF-, -CH=CHCH2O; p is 0, 1, or 2; and q is 0 or 1.

2. The medium according to claim 1, characterized in that, One or more compounds of Formula I are selected from the following compounds: in R 1 and R 2 Each of the following groups independently represents an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 12 C atoms; and R 3 As defined in claim 1.

3. The medium according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, One or more compounds selected from the formulas YA, YB, YC, YD, YE, YF, and YG are selected from the following compounds:

4. The liquid crystal medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, It further comprises one or more compounds of formula U. Wherein the substituent R 4 R 5 and R 6 A 3 and A 4 Z 3 and Z 4 , and m and n respectively have the properties of R in equation I 1 R 2 and R 3 A 1 and A 2 Z 1 and Z 2 The meanings indicated by , and k and l.

5. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula: Each substituent has the following meaning: R 0 Having the R of claim 1 1 and R 2 One of the meanings given; X 0 The symbol represents a halogen atom, -CN, -SCN, -NCS, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, wherein one or more H atoms have been substituted with a halogen atom, preferably F, CF3, CHF2, OCHF2, or OCF3. L 1 To L 8 Each can be represented independently of the other, such as H, F, or Cl. Y 0 The H atom represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are used to replace O atoms in a manner that prevents O atoms from being directly connected to each other, with H or CH3 being preferred.

6. The medium according to claim 5, wherein one or more compounds of formula II are selected from the following sub-formulas: Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation II.

7. The medium according to claim 5, wherein one or more compounds of formula III are selected from the following sub-formulas: Where R 0 and X 0 It has the meaning given in Equation III.

8. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, It additionally contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula: Where R 0 X 0 L 1 L 2 and Y 0 It has the meaning given in Equation III; L 3 and L 4 Each is independent of the others, possessing [a certain characteristic] regarding L. 1 The meaning given; Z 0 The following are represented as -C2H4-, -(CH2)4-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C2F4-, -CH2CF2-, -CF2CH2-, -CH2O-, -OCH2-, -COO-, -CF2O-, or -OCF2-, and also as single bonds in formulas V and VI; and s represents 0 or 1.

9. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds selected from formulas N1 and N2: in Z 41 and Z 42 Independently, and if Z 41 If a combination appears twice, it represents -CH2CH2-, -COO-, trans-CH=CH-, trans-CF=CF-, -CH2O-, -CF2O-, -C≡C-, or a single bond, respectively. p represents 0, 1, or 2. R 41 and R 42 Each of the above independently represents an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally separated by -C C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O- or -O-CO- are replaced in such a way that the O atoms are not directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy having 3 to 12 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms; R 51 and R 52 Each is independent of the others and has R 41 and R 42 The meaning; Z 51 To Z 53 Each independently possesses Z 41 and Z 42 The meaning, and i and j each represent 0 or 1 independently. One or more of them, preferably one, may optionally have the aromatic ring replaced by an alkyl group, preferably by a methyl group.

10. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula: Each substituent has the following meaning: "alkyl" and "alkyl*" each independently represent alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; "alkenyl" and "alkenyl*" each independently represent alkenyl groups having 2 to 6 carbon atoms.

11. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Its constituent compounds include those of formula Z1-1:

12. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula: in R 1 and R 2 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl, alkoxy, oxalyl, or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and L 1 L and H, F, or Cl are independent of each other.

13. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that, It further comprises one or more compounds selected from those of formulas LP1 and LP2. Each substituent has the following meaning: R 0 and R 2 Each independently represents, in claim 1, formula I, for R 1 and R 2 One of the meanings given; L 1 and L 2 Each can be represented independently of the other, such as H, F, or Cl. Y 0 Having R in Formula I of claim 1 3 One of the meanings given; X 0 It represents an F atom, CN, SCN, NCS, or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 6 C atoms, or an alkenyl or alkenoxy group having 2 to 6 C atoms, wherein one or more H atoms are replaced by F atoms.

14. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds selected from the following formulas. Where R 0 X 0 Y 0 and L 1-4 Each of them independently has one of the meanings indicated in formulas II and III of claim 6.

15. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that, It contains one or more compounds selected from the following formula: in R 1 X 0 and Y 0 Each has the following properties for R as described in claims 6, II and III respectively. 0 X 0 and Y 0 The meaning shown.

16. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that, The medium contains one or more compounds of formula H. in R 11 Each independently represents an H atom, F, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, one of which is a -CH2- group, or if present, multiple -CH2- groups may be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or more of which, if present, multiple -CH2- groups may be substituted by -CH=CH- or -C≡C-, and one or more H atoms may be substituted by F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Replacement R 12 Each independently represents an H atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 C atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, a hydrocarbon group containing a cycloalkyl or alkylcycloalkyl unit and wherein one or more -CH2- groups can be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted with F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or aromatic or heteroaromatic hydrocarbon group, in which one or more H atoms can be ORed 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Alternative, R 13 and R 14 Each independently represents an alkyl or acyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an aromatic hydrocarbon or carboxylic acid group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms. R 15 Each of these terms independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups may be substituted with -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted with -O-. R 16 Each of the following is independently an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an O-cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, or an O• or OH group. S 11 and S 12 Each of these terms independently represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein one or more -CH2- groups, if present, can be substituted by -O- or -C(=O)-, but two adjacent -CH2- groups cannot be substituted by -O-, and one or more H atoms can be substituted by F, OR 13 N(R) 13 (R) 14 ) or R 15 Substitution, or indicating a single bond, Y 11 To Y 14 Each independently represents either methyl or ethyl. X 11 C represents... Z 11 To Z 14 Each independently represents -O-, -(C=O)-, -O-(C=O)-, -(C=O)-O-, -O-(C=O)-O-, -(NR 13 )-,-NR 13 -(C=O)- or a single bond, if S 11 For single keys, Z 11 and Z 12 Neither can simultaneously represent -O-; if S 12 For a single bond, Z 13 and Z 14 Neither can simultaneously represent -O-; and if q represents 0, Z 12 and Z 13 Neither of them simultaneously represents -O-. p represents 1 or 2, q represents 0 or 1. o represents (3-p), n represents an integer from 1 to 10. m represents an integer from 0 to 8, where n * p represents integers from 1 to 10, preferably 3 to 8, and 17. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that, The medium contains one or more compounds of formula ST: Each substituent has the following meaning: express , or ; X 21 X 22 Each is independently -O-, -CH2-, -CHR 23 -or-NR 23 -, R 21 and R 22 Each of the following groups independently represents an H atom or an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl, alkynyl, alkenyloxy, or alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, or a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, wherein one or more non-adjacent CH2 groups are optionally surrounded by a -C group. C-, -CF2O-, -OCF2-, -CH=CH-, , , , , -O-, -CO-O-, or -O-CO- are used to replace the O atoms in a manner that prevents them from being directly connected to each other, and one or more of the H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms, or cycloalkyl or cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 12 C atoms, where one or more H atoms may be replaced by halogen atoms. R 23 Represents an H atom, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 10 C atoms, r represents 0 or 1.

18. The medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that, The medium contains one or more additives selected from polymerization initiators, inhibitors, surfactants, light stabilizers, antioxidants, microparticles, free radical scavengers, nanoparticles, multicolor dyes, and chiral dopants.

19. A method for preparing a liquid crystal medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, Mix one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formulas YA to YG with one or more mesocrystalline compounds and optionally one or more polymerizable compounds and / or one or more additives.

20. Use of the liquid crystal medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 18 for electro-optical purposes.

21. An electro-optical liquid crystal display or AR / VR headset, comprising a liquid crystal medium according to one or more of claims 1 to 18.

22. The electro-optical liquid crystal display according to claim 21, characterized in that, These include TN, PS-TN, STN, TN-TFT, OCB, IPS, PS-IPS, FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, SA-HB-FFS, SA-XB-FS, polymer-stabilized SA-HB-FFS, polymer-stabilized SA-XB-FFS, positive VA, or positive PS-VA displays.

23. The electro-optical liquid crystal display or AR / VR headset according to claim 21, characterized in that, It is an FFS, HB-FFS, XB-FFS, PS-HB-FFS, PS-XB-FFS, IPS, or PS-IPS display.

Images