Ballastless track turnout fastener system and ballastless track

Abstract

The invention discloses a ballastless track turnout fastener system and a ballastless track, and relates to the technical field of railway construction, the ballastless track turnout fastener system comprises a base plate, a first buffer base plate, a second buffer base plate, a first height adjusting base plate, a force transmission sleeve, a switch tie bolt and a positioning mechanism. The first buffering base plate, the base plate, the second buffering base plate and the first height adjusting base plate are sequentially arranged in a stacked mode. The force transmission sleeve penetrates through the base plate and the second buffering base plate at the same time and makes contact with the first height adjusting base plate. The switch tie bolt is arranged in the force transmission sleeve in a penetrating mode and penetrates through the first height adjusting base plate. The positioning mechanism is fixed to the base plate and used for positioning the steel rail body. The risk that the switch tie bolt is damaged due to transverse shearing force can be reduced, safety is improved, and maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway construction technology, and more specifically, to a ballastless track turnout fastening system and ballastless track. Background Technology Ballastless track is widely used in China due to its superior smoothness, stability, longer service life, and excellent durability compared to ballasted track. When laying turnouts on ballastless track, height adjustment shims are typically installed to match the track elevation and accommodate potential subgrade settlement. In general, the height adjustment range of the fastening system in ballastless track structures is -4 mm to +26 mm.

[0002] The inventors discovered in their research that existing ballastless tracks have at least the following drawbacks: Currently used ballastless turnout fastening systems are susceptible to lateral forces from trains when the height from the rail top to the upper surface of the turnout sleeper is large or the adjustment amount is high. This causes the turnout sleeper bolts to bear large lateral shear forces, thereby increasing the risk of bolt breakage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The objectives of this invention include, for example, providing a ballastless track turnout fastening system and ballastless track that can reduce the risk of turnout sleeper bolts being damaged by lateral shear forces, improve safety, and reduce maintenance costs.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention can be implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a ballastless track turnout fastening system, comprising: The base plate, the first buffer pad, the second buffer pad, the first height adjustment pad, the force transmission sleeve, the fork bolts, and the positioning mechanism; The first buffer pad, the base plate, the second buffer pad, and the first height adjustment pad are stacked in sequence. The force transmission sleeve passes through the base plate and the second buffer pad and contacts the first height adjustment pad. The fork bolt passes through the force transmission sleeve and through the first height adjustment pad. The positioning mechanism is fixed on the base plate and is used to position the rail body.

[0005] In an optional embodiment, the force transmission sleeve includes an inner liner, an outer support sleeve, and an elastomer; the inner liner has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end is provided with an outwardly folded edge, the outer support sleeve is sleeved outside the inner liner and contacts the side of the outwardly folded edge near the second end; both the inner liner and the outer support sleeve penetrate the substrate and the second buffer pad; the elastomer is clamped between the outwardly folded edge and the substrate.

[0006] In an optional embodiment, the number of elastomers is set to a plurality, and the plurality of elastomers are arranged at intervals around the axis of the inner liner.

[0007] In an optional embodiment, an annular positioning groove is provided on the side of the outwardly folding edge near the second end, and one end of the elastic body is embedded in the annular positioning groove.

[0008] In an optional embodiment, the outer support sleeve is fixed to the outside of the inner liner by heat sealing.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the first height adjustment pad is provided with an assembly groove, and a through hole is provided on the bottom wall of the assembly groove. At least a portion of the outer contour of the cross-section of the through hole is located within the area enclosed by the bottom wall of the assembly groove; the force transmission sleeve passes through the assembly groove and contacts the bottom wall of the groove; the fork bolt passes through the through hole.

[0010] In an optional embodiment, the area of ​​the bottom wall of the groove that is not penetrated by the through hole is an annular surface.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the substrate includes a board body, a mounting platform, and a force-transmitting boss; the mounting platform and the force-transmitting boss are both fixed on the board body and distributed on both sides of the board body, and the positioning mechanism is fixed on the mounting platform; the force-transmitting boss penetrates the second buffer pad; and the force-transmitting sleeve passes through the force-transmitting boss.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the end of the force-transmitting boss away from the plate body passes through the first height-adjusting pad.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention provides a ballastless track, the ballastless track comprising: The rail body and the ballastless track turnout fastening system described in any of the foregoing embodiments, wherein the rail body is fixed to the side of the base plate away from the second buffer pad by the positioning mechanism, and the rail body and the base plate cooperate to clamp the first buffer pad.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention include, for example: In summary, the ballastless track turnout fastening system provided in this embodiment fixes the fastening system above the turnout sleeper using turnout sleeper bolts. The rail body is fixed above the base plate by a positioning mechanism. During train operation, external forces are transmitted through the rail body to the base plate, and then through the base plate to the force transmission sleeve. The turnout sleeper bolts are inserted into the force transmission sleeve, and the external forces are transmitted to the turnout sleeper bolts through the force transmission sleeve. Because the force transmission sleeve can disperse the external forces, the force transmitted to the turnout sleeper bolts is dispersed, resulting in more balanced stress on the turnout sleeper bolts. This makes them less prone to breakage due to concentrated external forces, thus ensuring high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ballastless track turnout fastening system in this embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first height adjustment pad in this embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the force transmission sleeve in this embodiment; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the substrate in this embodiment.

[0017] icon: 001-Rail body; 100-Base plate; 110-Plate body; 120-Mounting platform; 130-Force transmission boss; 200-First buffer pad; 300-Second buffer pad; 400-First height adjustment pad; 410-Assembly groove; 411-Groove bottom wall; 420-Through hole; 500-Force transmission sleeve; 510-Inner bushing; 511-Outward flange; 512-Annular positioning groove; 520-Outer support sleeve; 530-Elastic body; 600-Side rail bolt; 610-Flat washer; 620-Spring washer; 700-Positioning mechanism; 710-Elastic strip; 720-Gap block; 730-Fasting bolt; 800-Second height adjustment pad. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0019] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0020] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that if terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," or "outer" are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed, they are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] It should be noted that, where there is no conflict, the features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0024] In the existing technology, the turnout sleeper bolt 600 penetrates the base plate 100, the buffer pad, and the height adjustment pad. Due to the elastic deformation capability of the buffer pad, it is essentially unable to bear load. During train operation, external forces are transmitted to the rail body 001, and then to the upper base plate 100. These forces cannot be transmitted to the turnout sleeper bolt 600 through the buffer pad. Consequently, the stress on the turnout sleeper bolt 600 is concentrated at the contact point between the base plate 100 and the turnout sleeper bolt 600. This concentrated stress makes the turnout sleeper bolt 600 prone to breakage under shear force, resulting in low safety.

[0025] In view of this, the designers have provided a ballastless track turnout fastening system that can distribute the shear force transmitted to the turnout sleeper bolt 600, improve the situation of external force concentration, and ensure that the turnout sleeper bolt 600 is subjected to balanced force during service, is not easy to break, and has high safety.

[0026] Please refer to Figures 1-5 This embodiment provides a ballastless track turnout fastening system, including a base plate 100, a first buffer pad 200, a second buffer pad 300, a first height adjustment pad 400, a force transmission sleeve 500, a turnout sleeper bolt 600, and a positioning mechanism 700. The first buffer pad 200, base plate 100, second buffer pad 300, and first height adjustment pad 400 are stacked sequentially. The force transmission sleeve 500 passes through both the base plate 100 and the second buffer pad 300 and contacts the first height adjustment pad 400. The turnout sleeper bolt 600 passes through the force transmission sleeve 500 and through the first height adjustment pad 400. The positioning mechanism 700 is fixed to the base plate 100 and is used to position the rail body 001.

[0027] As described above, the working principle of the ballastless track turnout fastening system provided in this embodiment is as follows: The base plate 100, the first buffer pad 200, the second buffer pad 300, and the first height adjustment pad 400 are fixed to the top surface of the turnout sleeper using turnout sleeper bolts 600. The rail body 001 is fixed to the top surface of the base plate 100 using a positioning mechanism 700. The two rail bodies 001 work together to allow the train to run normally. When the train is running on the rail body 001, external forces are transmitted through the rail body 001 to the base plate 100, and then through the base plate 100 to the force transmission sleeve 500. The turnout sleeper bolts 600 are inserted into the force transmission sleeve 500, and external forces are transmitted to the turnout sleeper bolts 600 through the force transmission sleeve 500. Because the force transmission sleeve 500 can disperse the external forces, the force transmitted to the turnout sleeper bolts 600 is dispersed, and the turnout sleeper bolts 600 are subjected to more balanced forces, making them less prone to breakage due to concentrated external forces, thus ensuring high safety.

[0028] The following embodiments illustrate the details of the ballastless track turnout fastening system of this application by way of example.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 4 In this embodiment, optionally, the force transmission sleeve 500 includes an inner liner 510, an outer support sleeve 520, and an elastomer 530. The inner liner 510 has a first end and a second end opposite to each other. The first end is provided with an outwardly folded flange 511, which is an annular folded edge. The outwardly folded flange 511 and the inner liner 510 are an integral structure with high strength and are not easily deformed or damaged. The outer support sleeve 520 can be made of plastic. The outer support sleeve 520 is sleeved on the outside of the inner liner 510 and contacts the side of the outwardly folded flange 511 near the second end. It should be understood that the outer support sleeve 520 can be fixed to the outside of the inner liner 510 by heat sealing. The two are firmly connected, not easy to loosen, and the force transmission is stable and reliable.

[0030] Simultaneously, during assembly, both the inner bushing 510 and the outer support sleeve 520 penetrate the base plate 100 and the second buffer pad 300. The elastomer 530 is clamped between the outward-folding flange 511 and the base plate 100. The forklift bolt 600 passes through the inner bushing 510. Stacked flat washers 610 and spring washers 620 can be provided between the forklift bolt 600 and the inner bushing 510. The forklift bolt 600 is fixed to the forklift by screwing it in. During the tightening of the forklift bolt 600, the positioning sleeve can be pressed, so that the end face of the outer support sleeve 520 away from the outward-folding flange 511 contacts the first height adjustment pad 400. There is friction between the outer support sleeve 520 and the first height adjustment pad 400, which can offset part of the lateral shear force, thereby reducing the force on the forklift bolt 600.

[0031] It should be noted that the number of elastomers 530 can be set to multiple, and the multiple elastomers 530 are arranged at intervals around the axis of the inner bushing 510.

[0032] In addition, in some embodiments, an annular positioning groove 512 is provided on the side of the outwardly turned flange 511 near the second end, and one end of the elastic body 530 is embedded in the annular positioning groove 512.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, optionally, the first height adjustment pad 400 is provided with an assembly groove 410, which can be a circular groove. A through hole 420 is provided on the bottom wall 411 of the assembly groove 410, which can be a circular hole. At least a portion of the outer contour of the cross-section of the through hole 420 is located within the area enclosed by the bottom wall 411 of the assembly groove 410. For example, in this embodiment, the through hole 420 is coaxial with the assembly groove 410, and the diameter of the through hole 420 is smaller than the diameter of the bottom wall 411 of the assembly groove 410. Thus, the area of ​​the bottom wall 411 not penetrated by the through hole 420 is an annular surface. The force transmission sleeve 500 passes through the assembly groove 410, and the outer support sleeve 520 of the force transmission sleeve 500 contacts the annular surface, resulting in a large contact area and high friction, which can better offset the lateral shear force. The forklift bolt 600 passes through the inner bushing 510 and then exits through the through hole 420, and can then be screwed and fixed to the threaded hole on the forklift.

[0034] It should be understood that since the force transmission sleeve 500 passes through the first height adjustment pad 400 but does not directly penetrate the first height adjustment pad 400, the first height adjustment pad 400 can not only distribute some of the external force to the force transmission sleeve 500, but also offset some of the lateral shear force through the friction between the force transmission sleeve 500 and the first height adjustment pad 400, which can effectively reduce the probability of breakage of the forklift bolt 600.

[0035] It should be understood that in some embodiments, in order to adjust the height of the rail body 001, a second height adjustment plate 800 may be added below the first height adjustment plate 400, and the turnout bolt 600 may pass through the second height adjustment plate 800.

[0036] It should be understood that the thickness of the first height adjustment plate 400 and the second height adjustment plate 800 are designed as needed to meet the height requirements of the rail body 001.

[0037] Please refer to Figure 5 In this embodiment, optionally, the substrate 100 includes a board body 110, a mounting platform 120, and a force-transmitting boss 130. The mounting platform 120 and the force-transmitting boss 130 are both fixed on the board body 110 and distributed on both sides of the board body 110. It should be understood that the mounting platform 120 and the force-transmitting boss 130 can be fixedly engaged with the board body 110 by welding, or the three can be directly integrally formed into a whole. In this way, the structure has high strength, is not easily damaged or deformed, and has a long service life.

[0038] It should be understood that there can be two mounting platforms 120 and two force transmission bosses 130. Correspondingly, there can also be two force transmission sleeves 500, two turnout bolts 600, and two positioning mechanisms 700. The two positioning mechanisms 700 are respectively mounted on the two mounting platforms 120, and the rail body 001 is clamped and fixed by the cooperation of the two positioning mechanisms 700. Both force transmission bosses 130 penetrate the second buffer pad 300 and extend into the assembly groove 410. The plate body 110, the mounting platform 120, and the force transmission bosses 130 can all be made of metal structures, which have high strength, can bear a certain load, and have stable force transmission.

[0039] During assembly, each force-transmitting boss 130 penetrates the second buffer pad 300, and the side of the force-transmitting boss 130 away from the plate body 110 extends into the assembly groove 410. The force-transmitting boss 130 can be a circular platform, and its outer peripheral surface can contact the second buffer pad 300 and the groove peripheral wall of the assembly groove 410. Two force-transmitting sleeves 500 are respectively installed inside the two force-transmitting bosses 130. In this way, when the plate body 110 is subjected to an external force transmitted from the rail body 001, the external force is transmitted not only to the force-transmitting sleeve 500 through the plate body 110, but also to the force-transmitting sleeve 500 through the force-transmitting bosses 130, distributing the external force axially along the force-transmitting sleeve 500. The force-transmitting sleeve 500 then transmits the distributed external force to the turnout bolt 600. The turnout bolt 600 is subjected to balanced force, making it less prone to shear force concentration and damage.

[0040] It should be understood that, depending on the requirements, the top surface of the plate body 110 can be provided with a slope of a set angle.

[0041] In this embodiment, optionally, the positioning mechanism 700 may include a spring bar 710, a gauge block 720, and a fastening bolt 730. The spring bar 710 is fixed to the mounting platform 120 by the fastening bolt 730, and the gauge block 720 is pressed against the top surface of the rail base of the rail body 001. The gauge blocks 720 of the two positioning mechanisms 700 cooperate to clamp the rail body 001.

[0042] It should be noted that both the first buffer pad 200 and the second buffer pad 300 can be made of rubber pads, etc.

[0043] The ballastless track turnout fastening system provided in this embodiment improves the situation where the lateral shear force is concentrated in a certain area of ​​the turnout bolt 600 by dispersing the external force in the axial direction of the turnout bolt 600. The turnout bolt 600 is subjected to balanced force, is not easily damaged, and has high safety.

[0044] This embodiment also provides a ballastless track, which includes a rail body 001 and a ballastless track turnout fastening system. The rail body 001 is fixed to the side of the base plate 100 away from the second buffer pad 300 by a positioning mechanism 700, and the rail body 001 and the base plate 100 cooperate to clamp the first buffer pad 200. The ballastless track has at least the advantage that the turnout sleeper bolts 600 are not easily broken due to lateral shear force.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A ballastless track turnout fastening system, characterized in that, include: The base plate (100), the first buffer pad (200), the second buffer pad (300), the first height adjustment pad (400), the force transmission sleeve (500), the fork sleeper bolt (600), and the positioning mechanism (700). The first buffer pad (200), the base plate (100), the second buffer pad (300), and the first height adjustment pad (400) are stacked in sequence. The force transmission sleeve (500) passes through both the base plate (100) and the second buffer pad (300) and contacts the first height adjustment pad (400). The fork bolt (600) passes through the force transmission sleeve (500) and through the first height adjustment pad (400). The positioning mechanism (700) is fixed on the base plate (100) and is used to position the rail body (001).

2. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force transmission sleeve (500) includes an inner liner (510), an outer support sleeve (520), and an elastomer (530); the inner liner (510) has a first end and a second end opposite to each other, the first end is provided with an outwardly folded edge (511), the outer support sleeve (520) is sleeved on the inner liner (510) and contacts the side of the outwardly folded edge (511) near the second end; both the inner liner (510) and the outer support sleeve (520) penetrate the base plate (100) and the second buffer pad (300); the elastomer (530) is clamped between the outwardly folded edge (511) and the base plate (100).

3. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the elastomers (530) is set to a plurality, and the plurality of the elastomers (530) are arranged at intervals around the axis of the inner liner (510).

4. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outward-folding edge (511) is provided with an annular positioning groove (512) on the side near the second end, and one end of the elastic body (530) is embedded in the annular positioning groove (512).

5. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer support sleeve (520) is fixed to the outside of the inner liner (510) by heat sealing.

6. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The first height adjustment pad (400) is provided with an assembly groove (410), and a through hole (420) is provided on the bottom wall (411) of the assembly groove (410). At least a portion of the outer contour of the cross section of the through hole (420) is located in the area enclosed by the bottom wall (411) of the assembly groove (410); the force transmission sleeve (500) passes through the assembly groove (410) and contacts the bottom wall (411); the fork bolt (600) passes through the through hole (420).

7. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The area of ​​the bottom wall (411) of the groove that is not penetrated by the through hole (420) is an annular surface.

8. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The substrate (100) includes a board body (110), a mounting platform (120), and a force transmission boss (130); the mounting platform (120) and the force transmission boss (130) are both fixed on the board body (110) and distributed on both sides of the board body (110); the positioning mechanism (700) is fixed on the mounting platform (120); the force transmission boss (130) penetrates the second buffer pad (300); the force transmission sleeve (500) passes through the force transmission boss (130).

9. The ballastless track turnout fastening system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the force-transmitting boss (130) away from the plate body (110) passes through the first height adjustment pad (400).

10. A ballastless track, characterized in that, The ballastless track includes: The rail body (001) and the ballastless track turnout fastening system according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the rail body (001) is fixed to the side of the base plate (100) away from the second buffer pad (300) by the positioning mechanism (700), and the rail body (001) and the base plate (100) cooperate to clamp the first buffer pad (200).

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