Drilling device for deep hole of elongated low-pressure shaft and processing technology thereof
By using cutting oil support and mechanical adjustment in the hydraulic bushing and pressure chamber structure, the problem of drill bit misalignment caused by guide sleeve wear was solved, thus improving the drilling accuracy and machining quality of the low-pressure shaft.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- JIANGYIN KEAN TRANSMISSION MACHINERY
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-29
AI Technical Summary
Wear and thermal deformation between the guide sleeve and the drill bit in existing deep hole drilling machines lead to reduced guiding accuracy, resulting in low-pressure shaft hole axis misalignment and uneven wall thickness, which affects machining quality.
The system employs a hydraulic bushing and pressure chamber structure, using cutting oil pressure to support the drill rod, reducing wear between the drill rod and the hydraulic bushing. It also uses a mechanical structure to dynamically adjust the oil pressure to correct drill rod misalignment. Combined with multi-point support and lubrication cooling, it improves drilling accuracy.
It effectively reduces wear between the drill rod and the hydraulic bushing, improves the machining accuracy of deep hole drilling equipment and the quality of the low-pressure shaft, and ensures drilling accuracy and stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN122099400A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of low-pressure shaft machining technology, and particularly relates to a deep hole drilling device and machining process for a slender low-pressure shaft. Background Technology
[0002] The low-pressure shaft is the core drive shaft of an aero-engine structure, responsible for connecting the low-pressure turbine and the low-pressure compressor, and is a core load-bearing and power transmission component. Its slender structure and large length-to-diameter ratio necessitate the use of a deep-hole drilling machine to drill holes inside it during production, creating a hollow structure for weight reduction.
[0003] The patent with publication number CN209189865U discloses a positioning and guiding device for a deep hole drilling machine. It guides the drill bit forward through a guide sleeve. However, in actual use, the guide sleeve and the drill bit rub against each other, causing wear and thermal deformation. This leads to a gradual increase in the gap between the guide sleeve and the drill bit, which reduces the guiding accuracy of the guide sleeve for the drill bit. As a result, the drill bit deviates radially, ultimately causing the hole axis of the low-pressure shaft to deviate beyond tolerance and the wall thickness to be uneven, thus affecting the machining quality of the low-pressure shaft.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing deep hole drilling equipment. Summary of the Invention
[0005] One of the objectives of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a deep hole drilling device with a slender low-pressure shaft, which improves the accuracy of deep hole drilling with a low-pressure shaft.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solution of the deep hole drilling device with a slender low-pressure shaft of the present invention is as follows: A deep-hole drilling apparatus with an elongated, low-pressure shaft, comprising: The worktable, with its length direction defined as the first direction; An oil storage tank is provided on the top surface of the workbench, and the oil storage tank has coaxial mounting holes on both side walls opposite to each other along the first direction. The drill rod is slidably disposed on the top surface of the worktable along the first direction; A clamping mechanism is provided along a first direction, and the clamping mechanism and the drill rod are respectively disposed on both sides of the oil reservoir. The clamping mechanism is used to fix the shaft. A hydraulic bushing is disposed adjacent to the clamping mechanism and detachably connected to the mounting hole. The drill rod is coaxially disposed through the hydraulic bushing. Multiple pressure chambers are equally spaced around the center line of the hydraulic bushing. Each pressure chamber has an opening facing the drill rod. The outer diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the hydraulic bushing. The oil injection pipe is connected to each of the pressure chambers at one end and a high-pressure pump is installed at the other end.
[0007] Preferably, each of the pressure chambers has an oil injection hole extending along a first direction, and the oil injection pipe communicates with the pressure chamber through the oil injection hole; Each of the pressure chambers has a guide hole extending radially along the hydraulic bushing. An opening block is slidably disposed coaxially within the guide hole. The opening block is sealed to the guide hole and is configured to adjust the opening of the oil injection hole.
[0008] Preferably, the guide hole is provided with a stepped portion, the front end of the opening block abuts against the stepped portion, the distance between the stepped portion and the axis of the hydraulic bushing is greater than the minimum distance between the oil injection hole and the axis of the hydraulic bushing, and the hydraulic bushing is provided with an adjustment component that is throttle-connected to the opening block.
[0009] Preferably, the adjusting assembly includes a stud and an elastic ring sleeved on the outer periphery of the hydraulic bushing. The opening block has a threaded through hole along the radial direction of the hydraulic bushing. The stud is threaded into the threaded through hole. A guide wheel is provided at the front end of the stud. The guide wheel is slidably connected to the opening block along the axial direction of the stud. The end of the opening block extends to the outside of the guide hole. A limiting groove is provided at the end of the opening block for the elastic ring to enter. The elastic force of the elastic ring causes the opening block to tend to move closer to the drill pipe.
[0010] Preferably, the opening of the pressure chamber is a strip-shaped structure and extends along the axial direction of the drill rod; The inner wall of the hydraulic bushing is provided with oil overflow grooves at equal intervals around its axis. The number of oil overflow grooves is equal to the number of pressure chambers and corresponds one-to-one. One end of the oil overflow groove is connected to the pressure chamber, and the other end of the oil overflow groove extends to the side of the hydraulic bushing adjacent to the clamping mechanism. The side of the hydraulic bushing adjacent to the clamping mechanism is covered with a sealing gasket.
[0011] Preferably, the drill rod is a hollow tubular structure, and the end of the drill rod is connected to one end of the return pipe through a rotary joint. The return pipe is a metal flexible tube, and the other end of the return pipe is connected to the inlet of the filter. The outlet of the filter is connected to the oil storage tank through a circulation pipe. An oil pump and a second check valve are provided on the circulation pipe, and a first check valve is provided on the oil injection pipe.
[0012] Preferably, the top surface of the workbench is provided with a track extending in a first direction, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the track, the drill rod is rotatably connected to the sliding seat, a second power component is provided on the sliding seat and is drivenly connected to the drill rod, and a first power component is provided on the workbench and is drivenly connected to the sliding seat.
[0013] Preferably, one track and one first power component are provided on each side of the oil tank; The clamping mechanism includes a top plate that slides with the track, the first power component is connected to the top plate in a transmission manner, and the top plate and the hydraulic bushing respectively abut against both ends of the shaft.
[0014] Preferably, a plurality of first positioning seats are slidably disposed on the track, and the first positioning seats are connected to the drill rod through a first bearing; Multiple second positioning seats are also slidably arranged on the track. A positioning ring is fixedly connected to the second positioning seat. Multiple hydraulic cylinders are evenly distributed circumferentially on the positioning ring. The hydraulic cylinders are distributed radially along the positioning ring. A guide sleeve is detachably connected to the mounting port adjacent to the sliding seat. The drill rod is coaxially connected through the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is connected to the drill rod through a second bearing. A sealing ring is provided at the end of the guide sleeve.
[0015] The second objective of this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a processing technology comprising the following steps: Step 1: Hardness test the raw material forgings, and sequentially perform solution treatment and precipitation treatment on unqualified raw materials to improve their hardness. Step 2: Anneal the raw materials to eliminate forging stress; Step 3: Use a CNC lathe to machine the outer diameter and end face of the raw material; Step 4: Use a drilling machine to drill a positioning hole on one end face of the raw material, and then clean the raw material to remove iron filings and oil stains. Step 5: Fix the raw material on the deep hole drilling equipment using the clamping mechanism, and machine the inner hole on the raw material using the drill bit on the drill rod; Step 6: Replace the drill bit on the drill rod and machine the variable diameter section of the inner hole in sections; Step 7: Clean and heat treat the low-pressure shaft after processing. Step 8: Perform dimensional and outer tube inspections on the finished low-pressure shafts, and package the qualified low-pressure shafts.
[0016] The deep-hole drilling equipment for slender low-pressure shafts of the present invention has the following advantages: the shaft is positioned by a clamping mechanism, and the shaft is machined into a deep hole by a drill bit on a drill rod; the drill rod is supported by cutting oil inside the pressure chamber, so that the drill rod is suspended inside the hydraulic bushing. While achieving support and positioning of the drill rod, the wear between the drill rod and the hydraulic bushing is reduced, and the positioning accuracy of the drill rod is improved, thereby improving the quality of the low-pressure shaft machining by the deep-hole drilling equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the deep hole drilling device and the shaft of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the deep hole drilling equipment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the deep hole drilling equipment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the deep hole drilling equipment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first positioning seat of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the positioning ring and the hydraulic cylinder of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide sleeve of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic bushing of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the hydraulic bushing and the drill pipe of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the hydraulic bushing of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the adjusting component and the elastic ring of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment component of the present invention; Figure 13 This is an exploded view of the adjustment component of the present invention; Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1. Shaft; 2. Worktable; 3. Drill rod; 4. Hydraulic bushing; 5. Positioning ring; 6. First positioning seat; 7. Guide sleeve; 8. Filter; 201. Oil reservoir; 202. Track; 203. First power component; 204. Top plate; 205. Sliding seat; 206. Second power component; 207. Sealing cover; 208. Mounting hole; 41. Sealing gasket; 42. Oil injection pipe; 43. First check valve; 44. High-pressure pump; 45. Opening block; 46. Elastic ring; 401 402. Pressure chamber; 403. Guide hole; 404. Oil injection hole; 405. Oil overflow groove; 406. Stepped part; 457. Guide rod; 458. Stud; 459. Guide wheel; 400. Limit groove; 400. Threaded through hole; 450. Guide hole; 501. Hydraulic cylinder; 502. Second positioning seat; 601. First bearing; 702. Second bearing; 703. Sealing ring; 804. Rotary joint; 805. Return pipe; 806. Oil pump; 807. Circulation pipe; 808. Second check valve. Detailed Implementation
[0018] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0019] The terms "top surface," "bottom surface," and "full surface" are used with reference to the normal operating state of the deep hole drilling equipment and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown in Figures 8-10, a deep hole drilling device with a slender low-pressure shaft includes a worktable 2, with the length direction of the worktable 2 as the first direction; an oil reservoir 201, disposed on the top surface of the worktable 2, with coaxial mounting holes 208 on both opposite side walls of the oil reservoir 201 along the first direction; a drill rod 3, slidably disposed on the top surface of the worktable 2 along the first direction; a clamping mechanism, disposed on both sides of the oil reservoir 201 along the first direction, the clamping mechanism being used to fix the shaft 1; a hydraulic bushing 4, disposed adjacent to the clamping mechanism and detachably connected to the mounting holes 208, the drill rod 3 being coaxially disposed through the hydraulic bushing 4, the inner wall of the hydraulic bushing 4 having multiple pressure chambers 401 circumferentially spaced around its axis, the pressure chambers 401 having openings facing the drill rod 3, the outer diameter of the drill rod 3 being smaller than the inner diameter of the hydraulic bushing 4; and an oil injection pipe 42, one end of which is connected to each pressure chamber 401, and the other end of which is equipped with a high-pressure pump 44.
[0021] The aforementioned deep hole drilling equipment is applicable to, but not limited to, deep hole drilling of low-pressure shafts, effectively improving the accuracy of deep hole drilling of low-pressure shafts. The oil reservoir 201 stores cutting oil and has an open top, covered with a sealing cap 207 with a glass viewing window. A drill bit is detachably connected to the front end of the drill rod 3. During use, the shaft 1 to be machined is fixed and positioned by a clamping mechanism, ensuring that the shaft 1 and drill rod 3 are coaxial. The end of the shaft 1 abuts against the end face of the hydraulic bushing 4, forming a seal. The hydraulic bushing 4 has a flange and is bolted to the oil reservoir 201. When the drill rod 3 is working, it penetrates the oil reservoir 201 and... The hydraulic bushing 4 contacts the end of the shaft 1. The shaft 1 rotates and advances to achieve drilling. During this process, the high-pressure pump 44 injects cutting oil from the oil reservoir 201 into each pressure chamber 401. Then, the cutting oil overflows from the gap between the drill rod 3 and the hydraulic bushing 4. By controlling the amount of oil injected to be greater than the amount of oil overflowing, a certain oil pressure can be maintained inside the pressure chamber 401. The oil pressure acts on the outer periphery of the drill rod 3 through the opening, thereby supporting the drill rod 3. Multiple pressure chambers 401 can generate multiple oil pressures and support the drill rod 3 from all sides, thereby achieving the positioning of the drill rod 3 and improving the accuracy of the deep hole drilling equipment in machining low-pressure shafts.
[0022] Compared with existing deep hole drilling machines that use guide sleeves to support the drill rod 3, the hydraulic pressure of the cutting oil can provide flexible support for the drill rod 3. Under the support of hydraulic pressure, the drill rod 3 does not actually come into contact with the hydraulic bushing 4, which can reduce wear between the two. Furthermore, the cutting oil filling between the drill rod 3 and the hydraulic bushing 4 can also play a role in lubrication and cooling, further reducing wear between the two, thereby ensuring a stable support effect for the drill rod 3, effectively improving the drilling accuracy of the drill rod 3, and ultimately improving the quality of the low-pressure shaft processed by the deep hole drilling equipment.
[0023] Further improvements include, for example Figure 9 and 10 As shown, each pressure chamber 401 has an oil injection hole 403 extending along the first direction, and the oil injection pipe 42 is connected to the pressure chamber 401 through the oil injection hole 403; each pressure chamber 401 has a guide hole 402 extending radially along the hydraulic bushing 4, and an opening block 45 is coaxially slidably arranged in the guide hole 402. The opening block 45 is sealed to the guide hole 402, and the opening block 45 is configured to adjust the opening of the oil injection hole 403.
[0024] In the aforementioned deep hole drilling equipment, the oil injection hole 403 extends from the pressure chamber 401 to the end face of the hydraulic bushing 4 away from the shaft 1 and is interconnected with the oil injection pipe 42, so that each pressure chamber 401 is connected to an oil injection pipe 42. Oil is injected into the pressure chamber 401 through the oil injection pipe 42 to establish oil pressure. A first check valve 43 is provided on the oil injection pipe 42 to prevent cutting oil from flowing back from the oil injection pipe 42, thereby maintaining the pressure stability inside each pressure chamber 401. The inner wall of the guide hole 402 fits against the outer wall of the opening block 45, which supports and guides the sliding of the opening block 45. A sealing ring is provided at the opening of the guide hole 402 located on the outer circumferential surface of the hydraulic bushing 4 for sealing between the two. The side of the opening block 45 covers the opening at the end where the oil injection hole 403 connects to the pressure chamber 401, thereby allowing oil to flow through the hydraulic bushing 401. The sliding opening block 45 can adjust the opening of the oil injection hole 403, thereby regulating the oil pressure inside the pressure chamber 401. When the drill rod 3 deviates, the oil pressure in the pressure chamber 401 located on the side of the drill rod 3 deflection direction can be increased, thereby pushing the drill rod 3 in the opposite direction of deflection through oil pressure, thus correcting the deflection of the drill rod 3. Furthermore, it can adjust the oil pressure inside different pressure chambers 401 in real time as the drill rod 3 rotates, thereby supporting and straightening the drill rod 3 from different directions to improve the accuracy of drilling deep holes on the low-pressure shaft. Each pressure chamber 401 is connected to the same oil injection pipe 42, which can reduce the pressure difference inside each pressure chamber 401, so that the oil pressure support force on the drill rod 3 is consistent in all directions around the circumference, preventing the oil pressure from bending the drill rod 3 and ensuring the drilling accuracy of the drill rod 3.
[0025] Further improvements include, for example Figure 9 and 10 As shown, the guide hole 402 is provided with a stepped part 405, the front end of the opening block 45 abuts against the stepped part 405, the distance between the stepped part 405 and the axis of the hydraulic bushing 4 is greater than the minimum distance between the oil injection hole 403 and the axis of the hydraulic bushing 4, and the hydraulic bushing 4 is provided with an adjustment component that is connected to the opening block 45 in a transmission manner.
[0026] Specifically, in this deep hole drilling equipment, when the drill rod 3 is working normally, in order to establish the oil pressure inside the pressure chamber 401, each oil injection hole 403 maintains its minimum opening. The step portion 405 is set to limit the minimum opening of the opening block 45, so that the oil pressure inside each pressure chamber 401 remains consistent at this time. When the drill rod 3 deviates, the adjustment component adjusts the opening of the opening block 45 based on the minimum opening, so that the opening of the opening block 45 is linked with the deflection of the drill rod 3, so that the oil pressure in the pressure chamber 401 can always act on one side of the deflection direction of the drill rod 3, realize the straightening operation of the drill rod 3, and improve the drilling accuracy of the drill rod 3.
[0027] Further improvements include, for example Figure 8-13As shown, the adjusting assembly includes a stud 452 and an elastic ring 46 sleeved on the outer periphery of the hydraulic bushing 4. The opening block 45 has a threaded through hole 455 along the radial direction of the hydraulic bushing 4. A sealing ring is provided at one end of the threaded through hole 455 to achieve a seal between the stud 452 and the threaded through hole 455. The stud 452 and the threaded through hole 455 are threadedly engaged. A guide wheel 453 is provided at the front end of the stud 452. The guide wheel 453 is slidably connected to the opening block 45 along the axial direction of the stud 452. The end of the opening block 45 extends to the outside of the guide hole 402. A limiting groove 454 is provided at the end of the opening block 45 for the elastic ring 46 to enter. The elastic force of the elastic ring 46 causes the opening block 45 to have a tendency to move closer to the drill rod 3.
[0028] In the aforementioned deep hole drilling equipment, the opening block 45 has a prismatic structure, and the guide hole 402 matches the opening block 45. The side of the prismatic opening block 45 near the oil injection hole 403 is flat, which allows for more stable adjustment of the opening of the oil injection hole 403. Furthermore, the prismatic opening block 45 is less prone to rotation around its axis inside the guide hole 402, thus improving its stability. The ends of each opening block 45 are connected to the elastic ring 46, and the connection stability is enhanced by the limiting groove 454. Two guide holes 456 are formed along the axial direction on the front end face of the opening block 45. The guide holes 456 are blind holes. Guide rods 451 are slidably fitted inside the hole 456. Guide wheels 453 are made of nylon and are connected between the front ends of the two guide rods 451 via bearings. The front ends of the guide rods 451 have abutting portions that abut against the front ends of the studs 452. In use, the elastic ring 46 presses the opening block 45 tightly against the step portion 405, maintaining the oil filling hole 403 at its minimum opening. Then, the studs 452 are turned, pushing the guide wheels 453 towards the drill rod 3 until the guide wheels 453 abut against and roll into contact with the drill rod 3. When the drill rod 3 is working normally... The oil injection hole 403 maintains its minimum opening, ensuring consistent pressure within each pressure chamber 401. This provides uniform support force from all sides of the drill rod 3, maintaining its stability. When the drill rod 3 deflects, its rotation causes it to sequentially lift each guide wheel 453 in the direction of deflection. This, through the transmission of the stud 452, lifts the opening block 45 away from the drill rod 3, increasing the opening of the oil injection hole 403. Consequently, the oil pressure within the corresponding pressure chamber 401 increases, applying a force in the opposite direction of deflection to the drill rod 3, thus achieving dynamic repair of the drill rod 3. The drilling rod 3 is kept straight, and as the degree of bending of the drilling rod 3 increases, the opening of the oil injection hole 403 will increase accordingly, which will also increase the oil pressure in the pressure chamber 401. This allows for faster and more effective dynamic correction of the drilling rod 3, thereby improving the accuracy of the deep hole drilling equipment for low-pressure shaft drilling. Compared with the existing technology that uses sensors to detect the bending degree of the drilling rod 3, this deep hole drilling equipment uses a mechanical structure to detect the bending degree of the drilling rod 3 and realizes linkage with the oil pressure adjustment inside the pressure chamber 401 to complete the dynamic correction of the drilling rod 3. The mechanical detection is not affected by the cutting oil and is more stable and reliable.
[0029] Further improvements include, for example Figure 9 and 10As shown, the opening of the pressure chamber 401 is a strip-shaped structure and extends along the axial direction of the drill pipe 3; the inner wall of the hydraulic bushing 4 is provided with oil overflow grooves 404 at equal intervals around its axis. The number of oil overflow grooves 404 is equal to the number of pressure chambers 401 and corresponds one-to-one. One end of the oil overflow groove 404 is connected to the pressure chamber 401, and the other end of the oil overflow groove 404 extends to the side of the hydraulic bushing 4 adjacent to the clamping mechanism. The side of the hydraulic bushing 4 adjacent to the clamping mechanism is covered with a sealing gasket 41.
[0030] In the aforementioned deep hole drilling equipment, the opening of the pressure chamber 401 is designed as a strip structure, which allows the oil pressure to act on the drill rod 3 over a larger axial range, thereby improving the stability of the support for the drill rod 3. It also increases the spacing between two adjacent pressure chambers 401, preventing the oil pressure inside adjacent pressure chambers 401 from fluctuating, thus ensuring the independence and stability of the oil pressure inside each pressure chamber 401. Specifically, a gap is left between the drill rod 3 and the hydraulic bushing 4, allowing cutting oil to flow into the gap and form an oil film between the drill rod 3 and the hydraulic bushing 4, achieving lubrication and reducing wear on both. After the clamping mechanism fixes the shaft 1, one end face of the shaft 1 abuts against the sealing gasket 41 to form a seal. The oil overflow groove 404 is a groove on the inner wall of the hydraulic bushing 4. Both the end connecting the pressure chamber 401 and the end connecting the hydraulic bushing 4 near the shaft 1 are in an open state to achieve communication between the pressure chamber 401 and the opening of the shaft 1. Adjacent overflow grooves 404 are spaced apart and independently arranged. At this time, the cutting oil inside the pressure chamber 401 can enter the gap between the drill rod 3 and the hole wall of the shaft 1 through the overflow groove 404, and finally reach the drill bit at the front end of the drill rod 3 to achieve cooling and lubrication of the drill bit and drill rod 3, thereby improving the machining effect of the low-pressure shaft. When the drill rod 3 deflects, the oil pressure inside the corresponding pressure chamber 401 increases. The increased oil pressure can also be transmitted to the front end of the drill rod 3 through the overflow groove 404, thereby further increasing the force of correction of the deflection of the drill rod 3, so as to improve the accuracy of drilling deep holes on the low-pressure shaft.
[0031] Further improvements include, for example Figure 4 As shown, the drill rod 3 is a hollow tubular structure. The end of the drill rod 3 is connected to one end of the return pipe 802 through a rotary joint 801. The return pipe 802 is a metal flexible tube. The other end of the return pipe 802 is connected to the inlet of the filter 8. The outlet of the filter 8 is connected to the oil storage tank 201 through the circulation pipe 804. An oil pump 803 and a second check valve 805 are installed on the circulation pipe 804.
[0032] Specifically, the cutting oil reaching the front end of the drill rod 3 from the gap between the drill rod 3 and the borehole wall of the shaft 1 flows back from inside the drill rod 3, carrying away the chips generated during drilling. The returned cutting oil enters the filter 8 through the rotary joint 801 and the return pipe 802 for filtration. The filtered cutting oil is then sent back to the oil tank 201 by the oil pump 803 to complete the circulation of the cutting oil. The filter 8 has a sealed outer shell with a filter element inside. After the cutting oil inside is drawn out by the oil pump 803, a negative pressure is generated inside it. The negative pressure ultimately acts on the drill rod 3, causing a suction force at the end of the drill rod 3. Combined with the cutting oil pressure at the front end of the drill rod 3, this improves the chip removal performance of the drill rod 3. The second check valve 805 prevents the cutting oil inside the circulation pipe 804 from flowing back, thereby maintaining a stable negative pressure inside the filter 8.
[0033] Further improvements include, for example Figure 1-7 As shown, the top surface of the workbench 2 is provided with a track 202 extending along a first direction. A sliding seat 205 is slidably connected to the track 202. The drill rod 3 is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 205. A second power component 206, which is driven by the drill rod 3, is provided on the sliding seat 205. A first power component 203, which is driven by the sliding seat 205, is provided on the workbench 2. One track 202 and one first power component 203 are provided on each side of the oil reservoir 201. The clamping mechanism includes a top plate 204, which is slidably engaged with the track 202. The first power component 203 is driven by the top plate 204. The top plate 204 and the hydraulic bushing are connected to each other. 4. The two ends of the shaft 1 are respectively pressed against each other; multiple first positioning seats 6 are slidably arranged on the track 202, and the first positioning seats 6 are connected to the drill rod 3 through the first bearing 601; multiple second positioning seats 502 are also slidably arranged on the track 202, and a positioning ring 5 is fixedly connected to the second positioning seat 502. Multiple hydraulic cylinders 501 are evenly distributed around the circumference of the positioning ring 5, and the hydraulic cylinders 501 are distributed radially along the positioning ring 5; a guide sleeve 7 is detachably connected to the mounting port adjacent to the sliding seat 205. The drill rod 3 is coaxially arranged through the guide sleeve 7. The guide sleeve 7 is connected to the drill rod 3 through the second bearing 701. A sealing ring 702 is provided at the end of the guide sleeve 7.
[0034] Specifically, the first power component 203 consists of lead screws distributed along the extension direction of the track 202 and a motor fixed on the worktable 2. The two lead screws are threadedly connected to the top plate 204 and the sliding seat 205 respectively, thereby driving the top plate 204 and the sliding seat 205 to slide on the two tracks 202 respectively. The end of the drill rod 3 is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 205 through a bearing. The inner ring of the bearing is fixedly connected to the drill rod, and the outer ring is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 205. The second power component 206 is a servo motor. A drive wheel is provided on the drive shaft of the motor, and a driven wheel is provided on the drill rod 3. The drive wheel and the driven wheel are driven by a belt. While the drill rod 3 rotates, it is driven by the sliding seat 205 to move along the first direction, thereby realizing the drilling and retraction of the drill rod 3. The guide sleeve 7 is provided with a flange ring and is fixed to the mounting hole 208 by bolts. Inside, the hydraulic bushing 4 and guide sleeve 7 occupy two mounting holes 208 respectively. The guide sleeve 7 is sealed to the drill rod 3 through a sealing ring 702 to prevent leakage of cutting oil inside the oil reservoir 201. The first positioning seat 6 slides on the track 202. The first positioning seat 6 and the guide sleeve 7 are connected to the drill rod 3 through the first bearing 601 and the second bearing 701 respectively. The inner rings of the first bearing 601 and the second bearing 701 are provided with a lubrication layer between them and the drill rod 3 to facilitate the axial sliding of the drill rod 3 while it rotates. The first positioning seat 6 can move along the track 202 under the push of the sliding seat 205. When resetting, it needs to be manually reset by the operator. This allows for the control of the drill rod 3. Multiple support points enhance the stability of drill rod 3. Top plate 204 and hydraulic bushing 4 respectively abut against the two end faces of shaft 1, achieving axial limitation of shaft 1. Positioning ring 5 is driven by second positioning seat 502 to slide on track 202, allowing positioning ring 5 to be fitted at different positions on shaft 1. The adjustment of second positioning seat 502 also needs to be done manually by the operator. Then, three hydraulic cylinders 501 extend synchronously, abutting shaft 1 from different directions around shaft 1, thereby radially limiting shaft 1. Through axial and radial limitation, the final positioning of shaft 1 can be achieved, improving the stability of shaft 1 during processing, and thus improving the accuracy of deep hole drilling equipment for low-pressure shaft drilling.
[0035] A processing technology includes the following steps: Step 1: Hardness test the raw material forgings, and sequentially perform solution treatment and precipitation treatment on unqualified raw materials to improve their hardness. Step 2: Anneal the raw materials to eliminate forging stress; Step 3: Use a CNC lathe to machine the outer diameter and end face of the raw material; Step 4: Use a drilling machine to drill a positioning hole on one end face of the raw material, and then clean the raw material to remove iron filings and oil stains. Step 5: Fix the raw material on the deep hole drilling equipment using the clamping mechanism, and machine the inner hole on the raw material using the drill bit on the drill rod 3; Step 6: Replace the drill bit of drill rod 3 and machine the variable diameter section of the inner hole in sections; Step 7: Clean and heat treat the low-pressure shaft after processing. Step 8: Perform dimensional and outer tube inspections on the finished low-pressure shafts, and package the qualified low-pressure shafts.
[0036] It is understood that the present invention has been described through some embodiments, and those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes or equivalent substitutions can be made to these features and embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Furthermore, under the teachings of the present invention, these features and embodiments can be modified to adapt to specific situations and materials without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all embodiments falling within the scope of the claims of this application are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A deep-hole drilling device with a slender, low-pressure shaft, characterized in that, include: The worktable, with its length direction defined as the first direction; An oil storage tank is provided on the top surface of the workbench, and the oil storage tank has coaxial mounting holes on both side walls opposite to each other along the first direction. The drill rod is slidably disposed on the top surface of the worktable along the first direction; A clamping mechanism is provided along a first direction, and the clamping mechanism and the drill rod are respectively disposed on both sides of the oil reservoir. The clamping mechanism is used to fix the shaft. A hydraulic bushing is disposed adjacent to the clamping mechanism and detachably connected to the mounting hole. The drill rod is coaxially disposed through the hydraulic bushing. Multiple pressure chambers are equally spaced around the center line of the hydraulic bushing. Each pressure chamber has an opening facing the drill rod. The outer diameter of the drill rod is smaller than the inner diameter of the hydraulic bushing. The oil injection pipe is connected to each of the pressure chambers at one end and a high-pressure pump is installed at the other end.
2. The deep hole drilling equipment for a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the pressure chambers has an oil injection hole extending along a first direction, and the oil injection pipe communicates with the pressure chamber through the oil injection hole; Each of the pressure chambers has a guide hole extending radially along the hydraulic bushing. An opening block is slidably disposed coaxially within the guide hole. The opening block is sealed to the guide hole and is configured to adjust the opening of the oil injection hole.
3. The deep hole drilling equipment for a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guide hole is provided with a stepped portion, the front end of the opening block abuts against the stepped portion, the distance between the stepped portion and the axis of the hydraulic bushing is greater than the minimum distance between the oil injection hole and the axis of the hydraulic bushing, and the hydraulic bushing is provided with an adjustment component that is pulsatorically connected to the opening block.
4. The deep hole drilling equipment for a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that, The adjusting assembly includes a stud and an elastic ring sleeved on the outer periphery of the hydraulic bushing. The opening block has a threaded through hole along the radial direction of the hydraulic bushing. The stud is threaded into the threaded through hole. A guide wheel is provided at the front end of the stud. The guide wheel is slidably connected to the opening block along the axial direction of the stud. The end of the opening block extends to the outside of the guide hole. A limiting groove is provided at the end of the opening block for the elastic ring to enter. The elastic force of the elastic ring causes the opening block to tend to move closer to the drill pipe.
5. The deep hole drilling equipment with a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that, The opening of the pressure chamber is a strip-shaped structure and extends along the axial direction of the drill rod; The inner wall of the hydraulic bushing is provided with oil overflow grooves at equal intervals around its axis. The number of oil overflow grooves is equal to the number of pressure chambers and corresponds one-to-one. One end of the oil overflow groove is connected to the pressure chamber, and the other end of the oil overflow groove extends to the side of the hydraulic bushing adjacent to the clamping mechanism. The side of the hydraulic bushing adjacent to the clamping mechanism is covered with a sealing gasket.
6. The deep hole drilling equipment for a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drill pipe is a hollow tubular structure. The end of the drill pipe is connected to one end of the return pipe through a rotary joint. The return pipe is a metal flexible tube. The other end of the return pipe is connected to the inlet of the filter. The outlet of the filter is connected to the oil storage tank through a circulation pipe. An oil pump and a second check valve are installed on the circulation pipe. A first check valve is installed on the oil injection pipe.
7. The deep hole drilling equipment for a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the workbench is provided with a track extending in a first direction, a sliding seat is slidably connected to the track, the drill rod is rotatably connected to the sliding seat, a second power component is provided on the sliding seat and is driven by the drill rod, and a first power component is provided on the workbench and is driven by the sliding seat.
8. The deep hole drilling equipment for a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that, The track and the first power component are each provided on one side of the oil tank; The clamping mechanism includes a top plate that slides with the track, the first power component is connected to the top plate in a transmission manner, and the top plate and the hydraulic bushing respectively abut against both ends of the shaft.
9. The deep hole drilling equipment for a slender, low-pressure shaft according to claim 8, characterized in that, Multiple first positioning seats are slidably disposed on the track, and the first positioning seats are connected to the drill rod through a first bearing; Multiple second positioning seats are also slidably arranged on the track. A positioning ring is fixedly connected to the second positioning seat. Multiple hydraulic cylinders are evenly distributed circumferentially on the positioning ring. The hydraulic cylinders are distributed radially along the positioning ring. A guide sleeve is detachably connected to the mounting port adjacent to the sliding seat. The drill rod is coaxially connected through the guide sleeve. The guide sleeve is connected to the drill rod through a second bearing. A sealing ring is provided at the end of the guide sleeve.
10. A processing technology applicable to the deep hole drilling equipment of claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Hardness test the raw material forgings, and sequentially perform solution treatment and precipitation treatment on unqualified raw materials to improve their hardness. Step 2: Anneal the raw materials to eliminate forging stress; Step 3: Use a CNC lathe to machine the outer diameter and end face of the raw material; Step 4: Use a drilling machine to drill a positioning hole on one end face of the raw material, and then clean the raw material to remove iron filings and oil stains. Step 5: Fix the raw material on the deep hole drilling equipment using the clamping mechanism, and machine the inner hole on the raw material using the drill bit on the drill rod; Step 6: Replace the drill bit on the drill rod and machine the variable diameter section of the inner hole in sections; Step 7: Clean and heat treat the low-pressure shaft after processing. Step 8: Perform dimensional and outer tube inspections on the finished low-pressure shafts, and package the qualified low-pressure shafts.