A high-efficiency and fast converter masonry method

Abstract

The application provides a high-efficiency and rapid converter masonry method and relates to the technical field of metallurgy. The provided high-efficiency and rapid converter masonry method comprises the following steps: opening a through hole at a specified position of the converter, packing the furnace lining bricks according to the adaptive size, erecting inner and outer construction frames to form a logistics channel, masonry of the furnace lining in sequence and synchronous cleaning of garbage, and removing the construction frame. Through the above steps, the efficient conveying and masonry of the furnace lining bricks are realized, the construction time is greatly shortened, the problem of production interruption caused by the long period of the traditional method is solved, and the converter masonry period is significantly shortened, the production interruption time is reduced, the balance between iron and steel is maintained, the overall production efficiency and economic benefits are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metallurgical technology, and in particular to an efficient and rapid converter lining method. Background Technology

[0002] In the steel manufacturing industry, the production system of modern steel plants exhibits a highly rigid interconnected nature. The production processes of molten iron, molten steel, and finished steel are intricately linked. The steelmaking process, as the core link connecting these processes, directly determines the continuity and efficiency of the entire long-process production. As a key piece of equipment in the steelmaking process, the quality and cycle of the converter's lining construction have a decisive impact on production organization. Traditional converter lining methods generally suffer from lengthy cycles, typically exceeding seven days. This forces the long-process production line to be interrupted during converter maintenance, resulting in a severe imbalance between iron and steel. This imbalance not only causes production disruptions such as molten iron accumulation and insufficient steel supply but also leads to equipment idleness, energy waste, and stagnation of subsequent processes, resulting in significant economic losses for enterprises. To maintain production continuity, some steel companies are forced to extend the service life of converter linings to avoid frequent replacements. However, long-term service of the lining leads to structural performance degradation, manifested as increased lining erosion, reduced thermal efficiency, and decreased steel purity. This, in turn, worsens the converter's economic and technical indicators, such as shortened furnace life, increased unit energy consumption, and increased production costs. Therefore, how to achieve rapid replacement of converter linings without disrupting the balance between iron and steel in the long process, and ensure that the converter reaches its economic service life and maintains efficient and stable operation, has become a key issue that urgently needs to be addressed in the current technical field.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, existing technologies urgently need improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide an efficient and rapid converter lining method, which has the advantages of significantly shortening the converter lining cycle, reducing production interruption time, maintaining iron and steel balance, and improving overall production efficiency and economic benefits.

[0005] This application provides an efficient and rapid converter lining method, the technical solution of which is as follows: include: (1) Openings in the converter shell: Through holes are opened at designated locations in the converter for conveying furnace lining bricks and cleaning construction waste; (2) Packaging of furnace lining bricks: The packaging specifications of furnace lining bricks are designed according to the appropriate opening size to ensure that the packaged furnace lining bricks can pass through the through holes to enter and exit the converter; (3) Construction frame construction: Construct external construction frames and internal construction frames respectively to form a logistics channel for transporting furnace lining bricks from the outside to the furnace construction position; (4) Furnace lining construction: Furnace lining bricks are transported through the logistics channel, and the furnace bottom, molten pool, furnace body and furnace cap are constructed in a preset sequence; (5) Construction frame dismantling: The construction frame inside the furnace and the construction frame outside the furnace are dismantled in sequence to complete the converter construction. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the opening position in step (1) is the furnace cap part above the converter support ring position, and avoids the front of the furnace shell. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the width and height dimensions of the furnace lining brick packaging in step (2) are both less than or equal to the length and width dimensions of the through hole, and a 50mm gap is reserved between the packaging body and the inner wall of the through hole on all sides. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the packaging of the furnace lining bricks in step (2) should meet the following requirements: the packaging should be secure and able to prevent the furnace lining bricks from being damaged by loose packaging during transportation; a rainproof and moisture-proof packaging structure should be adopted, and the amount of packaging materials should be minimized. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the structure of the furnace external construction frame in step (3) is adapted to the furnace lining brick transfer requirements, and can directly hoist the entire package of furnace lining bricks to the transfer roller conveyor, so as to realize the continuous transfer of furnace lining bricks from the storage area to the converter through hole. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the furnace construction frame in step (3) is equipped with a transfer structure that connects with the conveyor roller conveyor, which can lift the entire package of furnace lining bricks on the conveyor roller conveyor to any construction position inside the furnace. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the furnace construction frame in step (5) adopts a disassembleable design, which can be disassembled into small pieces after the masonry is completed and placed directly inside the furnace without the need for external cleaning. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the order of furnace lining construction in step (4) is as follows: first, the furnace bottom is constructed, then the molten pool and furnace body are constructed in sequence, and finally the furnace cap is constructed. During the construction of each part, construction waste is cleaned up through the through holes.

[0006] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the converter is a 210t converter. Furthermore, this application also proposes that the overall construction time of the converter be ≤52 hours.

[0007] As can be seen from the above, the efficient and rapid converter lining method provided in this application includes opening through holes at designated locations in the converter, packaging furnace lining bricks according to appropriate dimensions, constructing internal and external construction frames to form a logistics channel, laying the furnace lining in sequence while simultaneously cleaning up waste, and dismantling the construction frames. Through the above steps, efficient transportation and laying of furnace lining bricks are achieved, significantly shortening the construction time and solving the problem of production interruption caused by the long cycle of traditional methods. It has the advantages of significantly shortening the converter lining cycle, reducing production interruption time, maintaining iron and steel balance, and improving overall production efficiency and economic benefits. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the efficient and rapid converter lining method of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0009] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0010] This application provides an efficient and rapid converter lining method, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the efficient and rapid converter lining method of this application.

[0011] In this embodiment, the efficient and rapid converter lining method includes the following steps: Step (1) Opening holes in the converter shell: Open through holes at designated locations in the converter for conveying furnace lining bricks and cleaning construction waste.

[0012] Step (2) Packaging of furnace lining bricks: Design the packaging specifications of furnace lining bricks according to the appropriate opening size to ensure that the packaged furnace lining bricks can enter and exit the converter through the through hole.

[0013] Step (3) Construction frame construction: Construct the external construction frame and the internal construction frame of the furnace respectively to form a logistics channel for transporting furnace lining bricks from the outside to the furnace construction position.

[0014] Step (4) Furnace lining construction: Furnace lining bricks are transported through the logistics channel, and the furnace lining of the furnace bottom, molten pool, furnace body and furnace cap are completed in a preset order.

[0015] Step (5) Construction frame dismantling: The construction frame inside the furnace and the construction frame outside the furnace are dismantled in sequence to complete the converter construction.

[0016] Traditional converter lining methods typically require a long period, generally exceeding 7 days. This prolonged shutdown for maintenance severely disrupts the rigid coordination of iron, steel, and rolled steel production in modern steel plants, disrupting the iron-steel balance and consequently having a significant negative impact on the overall economic efficiency of the enterprise, the economic and technical indicators of the converter, and operating costs. To maintain production balance, some enterprises are even forced to delay converter lining replacement for extended periods, further exacerbating the aforementioned problems.

[0017] To address this issue, this application proposes an efficient and rapid converter lining method. For ease of understanding, some key terms in this embodiment are explained below: A converter shell opening refers to the partial cutting or removal of material from the metal outer shell of the converter to create one or more openings of a predetermined shape and size. The purpose of this opening is to facilitate the conveying and installation of the furnace lining bricks inside the converter, as well as the cleaning of waste and debris generated during construction.

[0018] A through-hole refers to a continuous channel formed by openings in the converter shell. This channel serves as the physical path for the furnace lining bricks and construction waste to enter and exit the converter. Its size and location are carefully designed to meet the needs of subsequent construction operations.

[0019] Furnace lining brick packaging refers to the external wrapping and securing of refractory bricks used for lining converters. This packaging aims to protect the lining bricks from damage during transportation and transshipment, and to ensure they can be inserted into the converter interior as a whole or in pre-designed units through the through-holes. The packaging specifications must be designed to match the through-hole dimensions.

[0020] An external construction frame refers to an auxiliary structure erected outside the converter. This frame is mainly used to support external transfer equipment for the furnace lining bricks, such as hoisting devices or conveying systems, to achieve continuous transport of the furnace lining bricks from the external storage area to the converter through-holes.

[0021] The in-furnace construction frame refers to the auxiliary structure built inside the converter. This construction frame provides support and an operating platform for the hoisting, positioning, and installation of furnace lining bricks inside the converter, and together with the external construction frame, forms a complete logistics channel.

[0022] The logistics channel refers to the system consisting of the external construction frame, the internal construction frame, and the transfer path connecting the two. This channel ensures that the furnace lining bricks can be efficiently and smoothly transferred from outside the converter to various lining positions inside the furnace, and supports the reverse transfer of construction waste.

[0023] Furnace lining construction refers to the process of installing furnace lining bricks layer by layer and brick by brick inside a converter according to a predetermined construction sequence and technical specifications to form a complete refractory furnace lining structure. This process includes the construction of different parts such as the furnace bottom, molten pool, furnace body, and furnace cap.

[0024] Construction frame dismantling refers to the disassembly and removal of the internal and external construction frames according to a predetermined procedure after the furnace lining construction is completed. This step marks the completion of the converter lining work and prepares the converter for subsequent operation.

[0025] This embodiment provides a highly efficient and rapid converter lining method, the specific implementation of which can be described as follows: First, openings are made in the converter shell. This step aims to create one or more through-holes in the converter shell to facilitate the transport of lining bricks and the removal of construction waste. For example, a rectangular through-hole can be made in the middle area of ​​the converter's side wall, or a circular through-hole can be made in the lower area of ​​the converter. The size and shape of these openings can be adjusted according to the actual transport equipment and the size of the lining bricks to ensure that the lining bricks can pass through smoothly.

[0026] Secondly, the furnace lining bricks need to be packaged. Before entering the converter, the furnace lining bricks need to be packaged to protect them from damage during transport and to facilitate overall transport. For example, the bricks can be simply bundled together with plastic film to form a bag for easy handling. Alternatively, the bricks can be stacked and secured with steel or nylon straps to ensure they do not scatter during transport. The external dimensions of the packaged furnace lining bricks should be smaller than the dimensions of the through-holes to ensure they can pass through.

[0027] Next, the construction scaffolding is erected. To facilitate the transfer of furnace lining bricks from the outside to the inside of the furnace, separate external and internal construction scaffolding need to be built to form a complete logistics channel. For example, the external construction scaffolding can be constructed as a simple platform for placing the furnace lining bricks to be transferred, and can be equipped with a manual hoist or small crane to lift the brick sacks and place them at the through-hole entrance. The internal construction scaffolding can be constructed from several steel pipes to form a simple support structure on which workers can operate and pull the brick sacks into the furnace through the through-hole using ropes or small pulley systems.

[0028] Next, the furnace lining is constructed. After the lining bricks are transported into the furnace through the aforementioned logistics channels, they need to be laid in a predetermined sequence. For example, the construction can begin from the bottom of the furnace body and proceed upwards, then the molten pool is constructed, and finally the furnace bottom and furnace cap are completed. During the construction process, a small amount of construction waste generated can be manually cleaned through the through-holes, for example, by using a shovel to collect the waste and then transporting it out through the through-holes.

[0029] Finally, the scaffolding is dismantled. After all the furnace lining work is completed, the erected scaffolding needs to be dismantled. For example, the scaffolding inside the furnace can be cut into several large pieces and then hoisted outside the furnace for processing through the through-holes. The scaffolding outside the furnace can be dismantled as a whole or in sections and transported away from the site.

[0030] This embodiment constructs an efficient logistics channel for the converter lining bricks by creating through holes in the converter shell and coordinating the appropriate packaging of the lining bricks with the construction of internal and external scaffolding. This allows the lining bricks to be transported quickly and continuously to the lining location within the furnace, while construction waste can be cleaned up simultaneously. This method significantly shortens the overall lining construction cycle of the converter, effectively mitigates the negative impact of traditional lining methods on the iron-steel balance of steel enterprises, and improves the converter's turnover efficiency and economic benefits.

[0031] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, a method is proposed for opening through holes at designated locations in the converter for conveying furnace lining bricks and cleaning construction waste. However, during its implementation, if the location of the through holes is not properly selected, it may lead to low conveying efficiency of furnace lining bricks, affect the structural stability of the furnace body, and even pose operational safety hazards. In particular, during the furnace lining construction and construction waste cleaning processes, unreasonable hole locations will increase operational difficulty and time costs.

[0032] In this regard, this application further proposes that the opening position in step (1) is the furnace cap part above the converter support ring, and avoids the front of the furnace shell.

[0033] Specifically, placing the through-hole in the furnace cap area above the converter support ring refers to making an opening in the furnace shell, above the support ring structure that bears the weight of the furnace body, within the furnace cap area. This location is advantageous in two ways. First, it facilitates the entry of the lining bricks from the top or upper part of the converter, allowing gravity to assist in the lowering and initial positioning of the bricks, thus improving the conveying efficiency and ease of installation. Second, during converter operation, the stress state and temperature distribution in the furnace cap area may differ from those in the lower middle part of the furnace body. Therefore, choosing this area for an opening requires comprehensive consideration of the furnace structure strength and thermal stress distribution to ensure that the opening does not adversely affect the overall structural stability of the converter.

[0034] Meanwhile, the principle of avoiding the direct front of the furnace shell for through holes means that the specific location of the holes should be selected to avoid areas such as the converter tapping port, charging port, or areas with frequent personnel and equipment movement. This aims to reduce interference with normal converter production operations or maintenance passages during construction activities, ensuring the safety of the construction process. By avoiding the area directly in front, a more spacious and safer working space can be provided for construction personnel, and conflicts with auxiliary equipment or structures around the converter can be avoided, thereby simplifying the construction process and improving overall construction efficiency.

[0035] By precisely limiting the location of the converter shell opening to the furnace cap area above the converter support ring, while avoiding the area directly in front of the furnace shell, the above-mentioned technical solution effectively solves the problems of low transfer efficiency, compromised structural stability, and operational safety hazards caused by improper selection of traditional opening locations. Specifically, placing the through-hole in the furnace cap area allows the lining bricks to enter the furnace efficiently and smoothly from the top, utilizing gravity to assist in the transport and positioning of the bricks, significantly improving the efficiency of furnace lining construction. Simultaneously, this location facilitates the removal of construction waste, preventing its accumulation inside the furnace and maintaining a clean construction environment. Furthermore, avoiding the main operating area directly in front of the furnace shell ensures that the construction process does not interfere with other maintenance or operational activities of the converter, greatly improving construction safety and reducing additional coordination and time consumption caused by spatial conflicts. This precise opening positioning, while ensuring the structural integrity of the furnace body, optimizes the material flow path of the lining bricks and the construction operation space, thereby achieving efficient and safe converter lining construction.

[0036] To address this issue, this application proposes an efficient and rapid converter lining method, in which through holes are opened in the converter shell and the lining bricks are packaged to facilitate their transport. However, in actual operation, ensuring that the packaged lining bricks can pass smoothly and safely through the through holes, avoiding jamming, friction, or damage, is a key issue affecting both lining efficiency and construction safety.

[0037] To address the aforementioned issues, this application further proposes that in step (2), the width and height dimensions of the furnace lining brick packaging are both less than or equal to the length and width dimensions of the through hole, and a 50mm gap is reserved between the packaging body and the inner wall of the through hole on all sides.

[0038] Specifically, the width and height dimensions of the furnace lining brick packaging are both less than or equal to the length and width dimensions of the through-hole. This means that when designing and manufacturing the furnace lining brick packaging, its external dimensions, i.e., width and height, must be strictly controlled to ensure that they do not exceed the corresponding internal dimensions (length and width) of the through-hole opened on the converter shell. This dimensional limitation is a fundamental condition to ensure that the packaged furnace lining brick can physically pass through the through-hole. In actual operation, the maximum permissible size of the packaging is usually determined based on the actual measured dimensions of the through-hole, with a certain margin, to avoid the packaging being too large to pass through.

[0039] Meanwhile, a 50mm gap is reserved between the packaging body and the inner wall of the through hole in all directions. This means that when the furnace lining brick packaging passes through the through hole, any external surface of the packaging body should maintain a minimum distance of at least 50mm from the inner wall of the through hole in all directions. This gap is crucial, as it not only considers slight shaking, swaying, or positioning deviations that may occur during transport, but also accommodates potential processing errors or unevenness at the edge of the through hole. By reserving a 50mm buffer space, scratching, collision, or jamming of the packaging body with the inner wall of the through hole can be effectively prevented, ensuring smooth and stable passage. This gap is typically achieved by accurately measuring the through hole size and designing the packaging body's dimensions accordingly, ensuring that the packaging body meets this minimum gap requirement during passage.

[0040] The above technical solution precisely defines the relationship between the width and height dimensions of the furnace lining brick packaging and the length and width dimensions of the through-hole, and further specifies the minimum clearance that must be reserved between the packaging and the inner wall of the through-hole. This effectively solves the problems of jamming, friction, or damage that may occur when the furnace lining brick packaging passes through the through-hole. Because the packaging has sufficient buffer space when passing through the through-hole, it can effectively avoid collisions caused by slight shaking, positioning deviations, or uneven edges of the through-hole, thereby ensuring that the furnace lining bricks can be smoothly and quickly transported from outside the furnace to inside, significantly improving the efficiency and safety of material transfer, reducing the breakage rate of furnace lining bricks during construction, and thus ensuring the continuity and quality of the overall masonry work.

[0041] In the efficient and rapid converter lining method proposed in this application, the packaging specifications of the furnace lining bricks in the packaging step (2) are designed to match the size of the converter shell openings to ensure that the packaged furnace lining bricks can smoothly pass through the openings into and out of the converter. However, in the actual transfer, storage, and subsequent lining process of furnace lining bricks, considering only size compatibility may not be sufficient to address various challenges. For example, insufficient packaging strength may cause the furnace lining bricks to scatter or be damaged during handling; rainwater and moisture in the environment may adversely affect the performance of the furnace lining bricks; at the same time, excessive or unreasonable use of packaging materials not only increases costs but also exacerbates the waste disposal burden at the construction site, thereby affecting the overall lining efficiency.

[0042] In this regard, this application further proposes that the packaging of furnace lining bricks should meet the following requirements: the packaging should be secure to prevent the furnace lining bricks from being damaged by loose packaging during transportation; a rainproof and moisture-proof packaging structure should be adopted; and the amount of packaging materials used should be minimized.

[0043] Specifically, "sturdy packaging to prevent damage to the furnace lining bricks during transport" means that the packaging structure of the furnace lining bricks should have sufficient strength and stability to ensure that the packaging will not break or scatter during the entire transfer, lifting, and placement process, and that the internal furnace lining bricks will not shift or be damaged due to shaking or collision. This can be achieved by using high-strength, wear-resistant packaging materials, such as thickened corrugated cardboard, wooden frames, or high-toughness plastic films. Simultaneously, cushioning materials or partitions can be placed inside the packaging to effectively fix and protect the furnace lining bricks, preventing them from rubbing against each other or impacting during transportation. For example, methods such as tight stacking, shrink wrapping, and reinforcement with strapping can be used to ensure the integrity of the packaging and the stability of the internal bricks.

[0044] "Using a rainproof and moisture-proof packaging structure" means that the packaging should be able to resist the intrusion of external moisture to protect the furnace lining bricks from the effects of rain, moisture, or condensation. The performance of furnace lining bricks is often sensitive to humidity; moisture can lead to decreased strength, poor thermal shock stability, and even peeling during use. Therefore, packaging materials with waterproof coatings, moisture-proof films, or composite structures can be selected. For example, a waterproof plastic film can be used to cover the outer layer of the packaging box, or moisture-proof laminated cardboard can be used. Furthermore, the airtightness of the packaging is also crucial; seams and openings should effectively block moisture, for example, through heat sealing, tape sealing, or snap-on designs. In some cases, a desiccant can be placed inside the packaging to further absorb any trace moisture that may be present.

[0045] "Minimizing packaging material usage" refers to optimizing packaging design to minimize the total amount of packaging materials used while meeting the protection requirements of the furnace lining bricks. This not only helps reduce packaging costs and resource consumption, but more importantly, in environments like converter lining where cleanliness and efficiency are crucial, reducing packaging waste significantly alleviates the burden of construction waste cleanup. Minimizing material usage can be achieved through various means, such as accurately calculating the size and quantity of furnace lining bricks, designing compact packaging boxes to avoid excessive gaps; selecting high-strength, thin packaging materials to achieve the same protective effect with less material; or adopting reusable and recyclable packaging designs to reduce resource waste from a life-cycle perspective.

[0046] Through the aforementioned technical solutions, the packaging of furnace lining bricks maintains structural integrity during transportation, effectively preventing damage to the bricks due to loose packaging or collisions, thus ensuring the integrity rate of the furnace lining bricks and the quality of construction. Simultaneously, the rainproof and moisture-proof packaging structure effectively isolates external moisture, preventing the furnace lining bricks from becoming damp and deteriorating, ensuring they maintain optimal performance before use and avoiding rework or performance degradation due to material issues. Furthermore, minimizing the amount of packaging material not only reduces packaging costs and resource consumption but also reduces waste generation at the construction site, simplifying waste disposal procedures. Especially when working in the confined space inside the furnace, this significantly improves the efficiency and environmental friendliness of the overall masonry operation. These improvements collectively ensure a reliable supply and efficient utilization of furnace lining bricks, providing a solid guarantee for achieving efficient and rapid converter masonry construction.

[0047] In response, this application proposes an efficient and rapid converter lining construction method, which includes: opening through holes at designated locations in the converter for conveying lining bricks and cleaning construction waste; designing packaging specifications for the lining bricks according to the appropriate opening size to ensure that the packaged lining bricks can pass through the through holes into and out of the converter; constructing external and internal construction frames to form a logistics channel for transporting lining bricks from the outside to the lining position inside the converter; conveying the lining bricks through the logistics channel to complete the lining construction of the furnace bottom, molten pool, furnace body, and furnace cap in a preset sequence; and sequentially dismantling the internal and external construction frames to complete the converter lining construction. However, the above method only indicates the need to construct external construction frames to form a logistics channel, but does not explain in detail how to efficiently and continuously transport large quantities of lining bricks from the storage area to the converter through holes. If the structural design of the external construction frame is unreasonable, or the transportation method is inefficient, it may lead to untimely supply of lining bricks and discontinuous transportation process, thereby affecting the efficiency and speed of the entire converter lining construction.

[0048] In this regard, this application further proposes that during the construction of the construction frame, the structure of the external construction frame is adapted to the transfer requirements of the furnace lining bricks, and the entire bundle of furnace lining bricks can be directly hoisted to the conveyor roller conveyor, realizing the continuous transfer of furnace lining bricks from the storage area to the converter through hole.

[0049] Specifically, the structural adaptation of the external construction rack to the transfer requirements of furnace lining bricks means that the design and construction of the rack fully considers the size, weight, packaging form, and transfer path from the storage area to the converter through-hole of the furnace lining bricks. For example, the external construction rack can adopt a modular, adjustable steel structure, with its platform, support beams, and passageways all sized to accommodate the smooth passage of entire bales of furnace lining bricks. The load-bearing capacity of the construction rack should meet the needs of hoisting entire bales of furnace lining bricks and related equipment, and ensure structural stability during transfer, preventing swaying or deformation. Furthermore, the layout of the construction rack should match the location of the storage area and the conveyor roller conveyor, forming an optimized and unobstructed transfer route.

[0050] The ability to directly hoist entire bales of furnace lining bricks to the conveyor rollers implies the presence of appropriate hoisting equipment on or near the external construction frame. This equipment is capable of grabbing or supporting an entire bale of lining bricks at once and placing it precisely and smoothly at the starting position of the conveyor rollers. For example, electric hoists with a track system, small gantry cranes, or forklifts with specialized clamps can be used. This equipment should have sufficient lifting height and operating radius to cover the transfer range from the storage area to the conveyor rollers. "Direct hoisting" aims to reduce intermediate steps and manual handling, improve transfer efficiency, and reduce the risk of damage to the lining bricks during transfer due to scattering or falling.

[0051] The continuous transfer of furnace lining bricks from the storage area to the converter through-hole refers to ensuring the uninterrupted flow of furnace lining bricks throughout the entire logistics chain through the aforementioned adapted external construction frame and direct hoisting mechanism, combined with the operation of the conveyor roller conveyor. The conveyor roller conveyor can be a powered roller conveyor, driven by a motor to automatically transport the furnace lining bricks from the hoisting point to the converter through-hole. A certain amount of furnace lining bricks can be pre-stacked in the storage area and transported to the picking point of the hoisting equipment using forklifts or stacker cranes. The entire system should have a certain degree of automation or semi-automation to reduce manual intervention and should be equipped with necessary sensors or control systems to monitor the material flow status, ensuring a stable and continuous supply of furnace lining bricks and avoiding construction interruptions due to material disruptions.

[0052] Through the aforementioned technical solution, the structure of the external construction frame was optimized to meet the transfer requirements of the furnace lining bricks and integrated with the function of directly hoisting whole ballast bricks to the conveyor roller conveyor, thereby realizing the continuous transfer of furnace lining bricks from the storage area to the converter through-hole. This effectively solves the problems of low transfer efficiency, easy interruption, and high labor intensity of furnace lining bricks in traditional converter lining methods. Specifically, the structurally adapted external construction frame provides a safe and efficient physical channel for the transfer of furnace lining bricks; the method of directly hoisting whole ballast bricks significantly increases the single transfer volume, reduces the number of transfers and time, and effectively avoids the scattering and damage of furnace lining bricks; while the seamless connection and continuous transfer mechanism with the conveyor roller conveyor ensures that furnace lining bricks can be supplied from the outside to the inside of the converter without interruption and with high efficiency, providing a stable and sufficient material guarantee for the furnace lining. This not only greatly improves the transfer efficiency of furnace lining bricks and reduces labor costs, but also significantly shortens the entire converter lining cycle, thus providing strong support for the rapid maintenance and resumption of production of the converter.

[0053] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, it is proposed to construct external and internal construction frames to form a logistics channel for transporting furnace lining bricks from the outside to the furnace construction location. However, in actual operation, ensuring that the furnace lining bricks can be efficiently and flexibly transported accurately and precisely to various dispersed construction locations within the furnace after entering the furnace remains a technical problem that needs to be solved. This directly affects the efficiency of the furnace construction operation and the labor intensity of the construction workers.

[0054] In this regard, this application further proposes that the furnace construction frame is equipped with a transfer structure that connects with the conveyor roller conveyor, which can lift the entire bundle of furnace lining bricks on the conveyor roller conveyor to any construction position inside the furnace.

[0055] The in-furnace construction frame is a temporary support structure set inside the converter, primarily serving as a working platform, supporting equipment, and material carrier for in-furnace bricklaying operations. This frame is typically composed of modular components for rapid assembly and disassembly within the confined space of the furnace. The conveyor roller conveyor is a continuous transport device used to transport furnace lining bricks between the external and internal construction frames, or from the outside of the furnace through through-holes into the furnace. It typically consists of a series of rollers, using power or gravity to achieve smooth and continuous movement of the packaged furnace lining bricks. The transfer structure, which docks with the conveyor roller conveyor, is located on the internal construction frame and is specifically designed to receive the packaged furnace lining bricks from the conveyor roller conveyor and transfer them from the conveyor roller conveyor to the internal transfer system of the internal construction frame. Dock handling methods may include, but are not limited to, using a robotic arm for gripping, a lifting platform for receiving, or a sliding rail transition, ensuring a smooth transition of the packaged furnace lining bricks from the roller conveyor and avoiding impact and damage. The ability to lift entire packages of furnace lining bricks from the conveyor roller conveyor to any bricklaying position within the furnace demonstrates the high flexibility and precision of the transfer structure on the internal construction frame. It can not only receive the furnace lining brick packages, but also move them within the three-dimensional space of the furnace through hoisting, including vertical lifting, horizontal translation, and rotation, thus accurately delivering the packages to any area requiring lining, such as the furnace bottom, molten pool, furnace body, and furnace cap. The hoisting mechanism can employ electric hoists, small cranes, or rail-mounted hoisting systems integrated into the construction frame to adapt to the complex and ever-changing working environment inside the furnace.

[0056] Through the aforementioned technical solution, the transfer structure installed on the furnace construction frame, which connects to the conveyor rollers, enables seamless and efficient transfer of furnace lining brick packaging from the external conveyor rollers to the furnace's construction position. This transfer structure has the capability to hoist entire bags of furnace lining bricks to any construction position within the furnace, significantly improving the flexibility and precision of material transport within the furnace. This not only significantly reduces the workload of manual handling within the furnace, lowering the labor intensity and safety risks for construction workers, but also accelerates the arrival speed of furnace lining bricks through automated or semi-automated hoisting methods, thereby effectively shortening the time for furnace construction operations and improving the overall efficiency and speed of converter construction.

[0057] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, it is proposed that the construction frame inside the converter needs to be removed after the converter is built. However, in actual operation, completely or partially dismantling the construction frame inside the converter and transporting it out of the converter body often requires a lot of manpower, time and equipment, and may pose safety risks. At the same time, the dismantled construction frame materials also require additional cleaning and waste disposal, which undoubtedly increases the total construction period and cost, and is somewhat contradictory to the goal of efficient and rapid construction.

[0058] In this regard, this application further proposes that in step (5), the furnace construction frame adopts a disassembleable design, which can be disassembled into small pieces after the masonry is completed and placed directly inside the furnace without the need for external cleaning.

[0059] Specifically, "the furnace construction rack adopts a disassembleable design" means that the furnace construction rack is structurally designed to be easily disassembled into several smaller, easily handled units or components. This design can include modular structures, pre-defined connection or break points, and the use of materials and connection methods that are easy to cut or separate. For example, the construction rack can be assembled from multiple independent modular units using detachable connectors such as pins, bolts, or clips, or its support rods and platform plates can be designed with structures that are easy to cut or fold. The purpose is to allow for rapid and convenient disassembly after the masonry work is completed.

[0060] "Disassembling into smaller pieces after construction" refers to breaking down the aforementioned disassembleable furnace construction frame into smaller, lighter fragments or modules. These smaller pieces should be small enough to facilitate operation and placement within the furnace without affecting subsequent converter operation. For example, the platform plates of the construction frame can be cut into several smaller pieces, and support rods can be separated through pre-designed connection points. The disassembly process can be completed inside the furnace using simple tools (such as cutting tools and wrenches), without the need for large dismantling equipment.

[0061] "Placed directly inside the furnace" means that after the construction frame is disassembled into small pieces inside the furnace, these pieces are not transported outside the converter, but are left in specific locations inside the converter. These locations can be in the furnace bottom, in the gaps in the furnace wall, or in places where they can be melted, ablated, or become part of the slag during subsequent converter operation. For example, if the construction frame material is combustible or fusible, it can be consumed during the initial furnace preheating or smelting process, leaving no harmful residues. If the material is inert, it is necessary to ensure that its size and location do not affect the normal operation and maintenance of the converter.

[0062] "No need for external cleaning" is the direct result and purpose of "directly placing it inside the furnace". This means that the entire logistics and handling process of moving the construction frame components from inside the converter to the outside is eliminated, including hoisting, transportation, stacking and waste disposal.

[0063] Through the aforementioned technical solution, the in-furnace construction frame adopts a disassembleable design. After the furnace lining is completed, there is no need to laboriously hoist and remove the entire construction frame or its large components from inside the converter. Instead, the construction frame can be quickly and safely disassembled into easily handleable small pieces and left directly inside the furnace. This method greatly simplifies the dismantling process of the construction frame, avoiding the time-consuming, labor-intensive, and safety-hazardous external transportation and cleaning operations of traditional dismantling methods. This not only significantly shortens the overall construction period of the converter lining and improves construction efficiency, but also reduces the amount of waste disposal at the construction site, lowers labor costs and safety risks, thereby achieving the goal of high efficiency and speed in converter lining construction.

[0064] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, although a logistics channel for transporting furnace lining bricks from the outside to the furnace lining location has been established, and the furnace lining is constructed in a preset sequence, improper lining sequence may lead to a disrupted construction process and affect overall efficiency. Furthermore, if construction waste generated during the lining process is not cleaned up promptly and effectively, it can easily cause a dirty and messy environment inside the furnace, hindering subsequent construction and even affecting the lining quality and construction safety, thereby prolonging the entire lining cycle.

[0065] In this regard, this application further proposes that the steps for furnace lining construction include: the furnace lining construction sequence is as follows: first, the furnace bottom is constructed, then the molten pool and furnace body are constructed in sequence, and finally the furnace cap is constructed. During the construction of each part, construction waste is cleaned through the through holes simultaneously.

[0066] Specifically, the furnace lining is constructed in the following order: first, the furnace bottom is built; then the molten pool and furnace body are built in sequence; and finally, the furnace cap is built. This bottom-up, layer-by-layer construction sequence is optimized based on the converter's internal structure and gravity principles. Building the furnace bottom first provides a solid foundation and stable support surface for the entire lining structure, preventing interference with completed sections during subsequent construction. Then, the molten pool and furnace body are built in sequence, ensuring the structural integrity and continuity of the main load-bearing areas of the furnace. Finally, the furnace cap is built after the main structure is completed, facilitating precise construction and adjustments in the furnace opening area. This sequence not only conforms to engineering mechanics principles but also makes material handling and personnel operations clearer, reducing overlapping work and unnecessary movement, thereby improving construction efficiency and safety.

[0067] Simultaneously, during the construction of each section, construction waste is cleaned through the aforementioned through-holes. These through-holes are pre-drilled at designated locations on the converter shell, serving as channels for conveying lining bricks and cleaning construction waste. This simultaneous cleaning mechanism means that when a certain area (such as the furnace bottom, molten pool, furnace body, or furnace cap) is being constructed, waste generated in that area (such as broken bricks, packaging materials, and waste mortar) is immediately collected and transported out of the furnace through the through-holes, rather than waiting until the entire area or the entire furnace lining is completed before centralized cleaning. This cleaning method allows for the timely transfer of waste to the through-holes using small waste collection containers, temporary chutes, or hoisting equipment on the furnace's construction scaffolding, where it is then received and processed by external equipment.

[0068] By employing the aforementioned technical solution, and adopting a furnace lining construction sequence of first constructing the furnace bottom, then the molten pool and furnace body, and finally the furnace cap, this application ensures the structural stability and logical coherence of the construction process, avoiding rework or inefficiency caused by an unreasonable sequence. Simultaneously, construction waste is cleared through through-holes during the construction of each part, effectively preventing waste accumulation inside the furnace, maintaining a clean construction environment, and significantly improving construction safety and construction quality. This synergistic effect not only optimizes material flow and working space but also significantly shortens the overall construction cycle, achieving highly efficient and rapid converter lining construction.

[0069] In some embodiments described above, this application proposes an efficient and rapid converter lining method. This method aims to improve the overall efficiency and speed of converter lining by optimizing steps such as furnace shell opening, furnace lining brick packaging, construction frame erection, and furnace lining construction. However, in practical applications, converters of different sizes present different requirements and challenges for lining methods. For large converters, their enormous size, massive material requirements, and complex construction environment make it difficult for general lining methods to fully leverage their efficiency and speed, easily leading to problems such as poor material handling and extended construction cycles, thereby affecting production efficiency.

[0070] In this regard, this application further proposes that the converter is a 210t converter.

[0071] Specifically, a 210t converter refers to a converter with a nominal capacity of 210 tons, which is considered a large-scale production facility in the iron and steel smelting industry. Converters of this size are characterized by their large furnace body size, large quantity of lining bricks, and large volume of single-phase lining work. Therefore, when implementing efficient and rapid converter lining methods, it is necessary to fully consider these characteristics of the 210t converter and optimize and adapt each aspect of the method accordingly. For example, the location and size of the furnace shell openings need to be adapted to the structural characteristics of the 210t converter to ensure smooth entry and exit of lining bricks and construction waste; the packaging specifications and strength of the lining bricks need to meet the material handling requirements of large converters to prevent damage during long-distance, large-volume transport; the load-bearing capacity, stability, and transport efficiency of the construction frame must also be able to support the construction load of the 210t converter to ensure that the lining bricks can be delivered quickly and accurately to each lining position.

[0072] By applying the aforementioned technical solutions to the efficient and rapid converter lining method for 210t converters, customized optimization can be achieved for this specific scale of equipment. This means that the actual dimensions, material requirements, and operating space of the 210t converter can be fully considered when designing the furnace shell openings, lining brick packaging, construction frames, and lining process, ensuring seamless integration and efficient operation of all aspects. For example, given the massive size of the 210t converter, the location and size of the through holes can be optimized, a more robust and efficient construction frame and transfer structure can be designed, and a more reasonable lining sequence and waste disposal plan can be implemented. This ensures that, while maintaining lining quality, the downtime for large converter maintenance is significantly reduced, improving production efficiency. This adaptability to specific large converters effectively solves the problems of low efficiency, poor material transfer, and excessively long construction cycles that may occur when general lining methods are applied to large converters, significantly improving the lining efficiency and speed of large converters.

[0073] In some of the embodiments described above in this application, it is proposed to achieve efficient and rapid converter lining by optimizing steps such as furnace shell opening, furnace lining brick packaging, construction frame erection, and furnace lining construction. However, in its implementation, especially for large 210t converters, how to further compress the entire lining cycle to an extremely short time while ensuring lining quality and safety, in order to maximize converter operating efficiency and production benefits, remains a challenging technical problem. Traditional lining methods often cannot complete all processes under such strict time constraints, resulting in excessively long converter downtime and affecting the overall production rhythm.

[0074] In this regard, this application further proposes that the overall construction time of the converter should be ≤52 hours.

[0075] The overall converter lining construction time is ≤52 hours: This technical feature limits the total time spent on the entire converter lining construction process, meaning that the time from the converter shutdown and preparation for lining construction to the completion of all lining work and readiness for production does not exceed 52 hours. This time target is not achieved through a single technical means, but rather through meticulous management of each step in the aforementioned efficient and rapid converter lining construction method, optimized resource allocation, enhanced personnel collaboration, and the adoption of advanced construction technologies and tools, thereby ensuring that each step is completed at the fastest speed and highest efficiency. For example, during the conveying of furnace lining bricks, automated or semi-automated equipment can be used to reduce manual handling time; during the furnace lining construction process, modular prefabrication or rapid installation technologies can be used to shorten on-site operation time; and during the erection and dismantling of the construction frame, a structural design for rapid assembly and disassembly can be adopted to further compress the construction period. In addition, through strict time management and real-time monitoring of the construction process, potential delay factors can be identified and resolved in a timely manner, ensuring the smooth progress of the entire lining construction process, ultimately achieving and maintaining an overall lining construction time of less than 52 hours.

[0076] By limiting the overall lining time of the converter to within 52 hours, this application effectively solves the technical challenge of achieving an ultra-short construction period while ensuring quality in the lining process of large converters, especially 210t converters. This strict time control target necessitates extreme optimization and coordination in all aspects of the lining method, including furnace shell opening, furnace lining brick packaging, construction frame erection, furnace lining construction, and construction frame dismantling. For example, by precisely planning the packaging specifications and logistics channels of the furnace lining bricks, it is ensured that the furnace lining bricks can be transferred from the outside to the furnace lining position as quickly as possible; by adopting a disassembleable furnace lining frame, additional cleaning time is avoided; and by simultaneously cleaning up construction waste, waiting time is reduced. The comprehensive application of these measures significantly improves the continuity and efficiency of the entire lining process, thereby greatly shortening the converter's downtime for maintenance, increasing the converter's operating rate and production efficiency, and bringing significant economic benefits to steel enterprises.

[0077] It should be noted that the workflow described above is merely illustrative and does not limit the scope of protection of this application. In practical applications, those skilled in the art can select some or all of it to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs, and no restrictions are imposed here.

[0078] In addition, for technical details not described in detail in this embodiment, please refer to the efficient and rapid converter lining method provided in any embodiment of this application, which will not be repeated here.

[0079] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or system that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or system. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or system that includes that element.

[0080] The sequence numbers of the embodiments in this application are for descriptive purposes only and do not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments.

[0081] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as read-only memory (ROM) / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk), and includes several instructions to cause a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods of the various embodiments of this application. The above are only preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and rapid converter lining method, characterized in that, include: (1) Openings in the converter shell: Through holes are opened at designated locations in the converter for conveying furnace lining bricks and cleaning construction waste; (2) Packaging of furnace lining bricks: The packaging specifications of furnace lining bricks are designed according to the appropriate opening size to ensure that the packaged furnace lining bricks can enter and exit the converter through the through holes; (3) Construction frame construction: Construct external construction frames and internal construction frames respectively to form a logistics channel for transporting furnace lining bricks from the outside to the furnace construction position; (4) Furnace lining construction: Furnace lining bricks are transported through the logistics channel and the furnace bottom, molten pool, furnace body and furnace cap are constructed in a preset order; (5) Construction frame dismantling: The construction frame inside the furnace and the construction frame outside the furnace are dismantled in sequence to complete the converter construction.

2. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening location mentioned in step (1) is the furnace cap part above the converter support ring, and avoids the front of the furnace shell.

3. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the width and height dimensions of the furnace lining brick packaging are all less than or equal to the length and width dimensions of the through hole, and a 50mm gap is reserved between the packaging body and the inner wall of the through hole on all sides.

4. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The packaging of the furnace lining bricks in step (2) must meet the following requirements: the packaging must be secure to prevent the furnace lining bricks from being damaged by loose packaging during transportation; a rainproof and moisture-proof packaging structure must be adopted, and the amount of packaging materials used must be minimized.

5. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structure of the external construction frame described in step (3) is adapted to the transfer requirements of furnace lining bricks, and can directly lift the whole bag of furnace lining bricks to the conveyor roller conveyor, so as to realize the continuous transfer of furnace lining bricks from the storage area to the converter through hole.

6. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace construction frame described in step (3) is equipped with a transfer structure that connects with the conveyor roller conveyor, which can lift the entire bundle of furnace lining bricks on the conveyor roller conveyor to any construction position inside the furnace.

7. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace construction frame described in step (5) adopts a disassembled design. After the masonry is completed, it is disassembled into small pieces and placed directly inside the furnace without the need for external cleaning.

8. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The order of furnace lining construction in step (4) is as follows: first, the furnace bottom is constructed, then the molten pool and furnace body are constructed in sequence, and finally the furnace cap is constructed. During the construction of each part, construction waste is cleaned through the through holes.

9. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The converter is a 210t converter.

10. The efficient and rapid converter lining method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The overall construction time of the converter is ≤52 hours.

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