Automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device and use method

Abstract

The application discloses an automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction dearsenic device and a use method. Through the synergistic effect of the liftable air distribution device and the diffusion type gas-liquid mixing nozzle, the micro-bubble tangential spiral injection is realized, the SO2 utilization rate is increased to 70-90%, the reaction time is shortened by more than 50%, and the comprehensive energy consumption is reduced by 50-70%; after the reaction is completed, the nozzle is automatically lifted to separate from the liquid surface, and the residual temperature condensate water is used for online backwashing, so that the crystallization blockage is completely eliminated; in combination with the PLC full-automatic closed-loop control, the stable operation of high efficiency, low consumption, blockage prevention and zero emission is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrometallurgical equipment technology, and more specifically to an automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction and arsenic removal device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] White fumes are a significant byproduct of copper smelting, containing various valuable metals such as arsenic, indium, zinc, and copper. Currently, the mainstream wet process for treating high-arsenic white fumes typically includes key steps such as acid leaching, copper sulfide precipitation, and reduction-based arsenic removal. Among these, reduction-based arsenic removal is the core technology, aiming to remove pentavalent arsenic (As) from the solution. 5+ ) is reduced to trivalent arsenic (As 3+ Arsenic is separated and recovered through cooling crystallization, thereby reducing the risk of arsenic contamination in subsequent valuable metal extraction processes.

[0003] Currently, sulfur dioxide (SO2) is commonly used in industry as a reducing agent. By introducing SO2 gas into an arsenic-rich solution, the As... 5+ Restore to As 3+ This reduction process is typically carried out in a stirred reactor, with SO2 gas introduced from the bottom of the reactor through a fixed gas distribution pipe or plate. However, long-term production practice has shown that existing fixed-ventilation technology has the following prominent problems:

[0004] (1) Low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency: In traditional fixed gas distribution pipes, the gas outlet direction is usually parallel to the radial direction of the reactor. SO2 gas enters the solution as large bubbles, which rise rapidly, have short gas-liquid contact time, and small specific surface area, resulting in low gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency. This not only reduces the utilization rate of SO2 but also significantly limits the arsenic reduction reaction rate and prolongs the reaction time.

[0005] (2) Severe blockage due to crystallization in the pipeline: During reaction intervals or after aeration is stopped, the high-arsenic solution in the reactor can backflow into the aeration pipeline. Due to the high arsenic concentration in the solution, temperature changes, and water evaporation, arsenic crystals easily precipitate on the inner wall of the pipeline, leading to gradual blockage. Once blocked, the reactor must be shut down and the pipeline disassembled for manual cleaning, which is not only labor-intensive but also poses safety risks of SO2 leakage and arsenic compound exposure.

[0006] (3) High energy consumption: To improve gas-liquid mixing, traditional processes often require increasing both stirring speed and SO2 supply pressure, leading to a significant increase in power and gas consumption per unit product, which is inconsistent with the energy-saving and emission-reducing industrial development direction.

[0007] (4) The process control is crude and the stability is poor: Existing fixed ventilation systems lack online monitoring and automatic adjustment of key parameters such as gas supply pressure, liquid level, and reaction endpoint. Operation relies on manual experience, which can easily lead to local over-reduction or under-reduction, affecting arsenic removal efficiency and batch stability of product quality.

[0008] (5) High maintenance costs and short continuous operation cycle: Frequent crystallization blockage issues necessitate periodic shutdowns for cleaning, severely restricting the continuous operation cycle of the production line, increasing maintenance costs, and reducing overall capacity.

[0009] To address the aforementioned issues, some existing technologies attempt to improve mass transfer by altering the gas distribution method (such as using microporous aerators or gas-liquid ejectors). However, these technologies still suffer from limitations such as easy clogging of micropores, complex ejector structures, inability to be cleaned online, and unsuitability for highly corrosive arsenic media. In particular, there is a lack of a reduction-based arsenic removal device and method that can automatically prevent clogging, clean online, achieve efficient mass transfer, and be adaptable to corrosive systems.

[0010] Therefore, developing a reduction arsenic removal device and method that can significantly improve SO2 gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, effectively prevent pipeline crystallization blockage, and achieve automated control and low-energy operation is of great significance for improving the stability, economy, and safety of the wet process of high-arsenic white dust in copper smelting. Summary of the Invention

[0011] In view of this, the present invention provides an automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device and a method of use, which can at least solve one of the above problems.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: An automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction and arsenic removal device includes: A reduction reactor is used to hold arsenic-rich liquid to be treated. The top cover of the reduction reactor is equipped with a return gas pressure feedback instrument, and the outer wall of the bottom of the reduction reactor is equipped with an ORP monitoring probe. A lifting device is provided above the reduction reactor. The reducing gas distribution pipe has its lower end inserted into the reducing reactor and extends below the arsenic-rich liquid. Its upper end extends out of the top cover of the reducing reactor and is equipped with a sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve and an inlet pressure feedback instrument. The reducing gas distribution pipe is fixedly connected to the lifting part of the lifting device. A diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle is provided at the lower end of the reduction gas distribution pipe, and the outlet direction of the diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle is arranged along the circumferential tangent direction of the inner wall of the reduction reactor. A backwash bypass branch pipe is connected to the reduction gas distribution pipe. The backwash bypass branch pipe is equipped with a condensate flushing valve. The backwash bypass branch pipe can be circulated with residual condensate water with a temperature of 60-70°C formed after the condensation of process insulation steam. The controllers are all electrically connected to the ORP monitoring probe, the lifting device, the sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve, the intake pressure feedback instrument, the return pressure feedback instrument, and the condensate flushing valve.

[0013] Furthermore, the diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle includes: a spray pipe and a spray sleeve. The upper opening of the spray pipe is fixed and connected to the lower opening of the reduction gas distribution pipe. The spray sleeve is sleeved on the spray pipe, and the gap between the two forms a spray annular gap for spraying gas-liquid mixed fluid. The outer wall of the spray sleeve is provided with a plurality of liquid inlet holes that communicate with the spray annular gap.

[0014] Furthermore, the spray pipe is made of TA2 titanium, and the spray sleeve is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the two are connected by threads.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes a guide access pipe, which is fixed on the inner wall of the reduction reactor, and the reduction gas distribution pipe passes through the guide access pipe to guide the reduction gas distribution pipe into the working position.

[0016] Furthermore, the upper inlet of the guide access tube is a funnel-shaped guide port with an upward opening.

[0017] Furthermore, a sealing flange is fixed on the top cover of the reduction reactor, and the reduction gas distribution pipe passes through the sealing flange.

[0018] Furthermore, it also includes a retractable hose made of 316L stainless steel, which is sleeved on the reduction air distribution pipe. The lower flange at the lower end of the retractable hose is fixed and sealed to the sealing connection flange, and the first upper flange at the upper end of the retractable hose is fixed and sealed to the second upper flange on the pipe wall of the reduction air distribution pipe.

[0019] Furthermore, an upper limit switch and a lower limit switch are provided on the inner wall of the reduction reactor to detect the position signal of the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle and feed it back to the controller.

[0020] Furthermore, it also includes an auxiliary stirring device installed on the reduction reactor for stirring the arsenic-rich solution.

[0021] This invention provides a method for using the aforementioned automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Add the arsenic-rich solution to be treated into the reduction reactor; Step 2: The controller controls the lifting device to drive the reduction gas distribution pipe downward until the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle at the lower end of the reduction gas distribution pipe is submerged below the arsenic-rich liquid surface. Step 3: The controller opens the sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve, and the sulfur dioxide gas passes through the reduction gas distribution pipe and is injected into the arsenic-rich liquid through the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle to spirally agitate the arsenic-rich liquid and start the reduction reaction. Step 4: The intake pressure feedback instrument and the return pressure feedback instrument monitor the sulfur dioxide supply pressure and return pressure in real time. The controller dynamically adjusts the opening of the sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve according to the pressure feedback signal to keep the supply pressure between 65kPa and 90kPa. Step 5: The controller monitors the temperature and reaction time of the arsenic-rich solution. When the temperature reaches the range of 45℃~50℃ and the solution ORP value reaches 280~320mV, the reaction endpoint is determined to be reached. Step 6: After the reaction endpoint is reached, the controller performs sequential control operations: first, the sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve is closed, and then the lifting device is controlled to drive the reduction gas distribution pipe upward to the position away from the arsenic-rich liquid surface. Step 7: Then, the controller opens the condensate flushing valve to backwash the reduction gas distribution pipe, and the flushing liquid flows back into the reduction reactor. Step 8: After rinsing is completed, the controller closes the condensate flushing valve.

[0022] This invention overcomes the limitations of traditional fixed ventilation methods, achieving automated lifting and lowering operation and online backwashing of the gas distribution pipeline. It effectively solves problems such as easy pipeline blockage, low reduction efficiency, high labor intensity for cleaning and maintenance, and high safety risks, significantly improving the stability and production capacity of the wet process for smelting high-arsenic white dust. This invention can be extended to the treatment of gas-liquid mixed reactions of other corrosive and easily crystallizing acidic wastewater, showing promising prospects for industrial application. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction and arsenic removal device provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure of part A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0027] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0030] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0031] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses an automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device, comprising: The reduction reactor 1 is used to hold the arsenic-rich liquid to be treated. The top cover of the reduction reactor 1 is equipped with a return gas pressure feedback instrument 2, and the bottom outer wall of the reduction reactor 1 is equipped with an ORP monitoring probe 3. Lifting device 4, which can be an electric hoist, is installed above the reduction reactor 1; The reduction gas distribution pipe 5 is installed at its lower end inside the reduction reactor 1 and extends below the arsenic-rich liquid. The upper end of the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 extends out of the top cover of the reduction reactor 1, and is equipped with a sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve 6 and an inlet pressure feedback instrument 7. The reduction gas distribution pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the lifting part of the lifting device 4. Specifically, the lifting device, such as the hook of an electric hoist, is hooked with a wire rope or a rigid rod, and the wire rope or rigid rod is fixed to the pipe wall of the reduction gas distribution pipe 5. Preferably, two sets of reduction gas distribution pipes 5 can be set to improve the arsenic removal efficiency.

[0032] A diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 is provided at the lower end of the reduction gas distribution pipe 5, and the outlet direction of the diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 is arranged along the circumferential tangent direction of the inner wall of the reduction reactor 1. Backwash bypass branch pipe 9 is connected to reduction gas distribution pipe 5. A condensate flushing valve 10 is provided on the backwash bypass branch pipe 9. The backwash bypass branch pipe 9 can be circulated with residual condensate water with a temperature of 60-70°C formed after the condensation of process insulation steam. Controller 11 is electrically connected to ORP monitoring probe 3, lifting device 4, sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve 6, intake pressure feedback instrument 7, return pressure feedback instrument 2, and condensate flushing valve 10.

[0033] Work process: Initial state: Arsenic-rich solution is added to reduction reactor 1, ORP monitoring probe 3 monitors the redox potential of the solution in real time, and return gas pressure feedback instrument 2 monitors the pressure inside the reactor; Lowering ventilation: Controller 11 instructs lifting device 4 to drive reduction gas distribution pipe 5 downward, and diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 is immersed below the liquid surface; then the sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve 6 is opened, and gas is ejected from nozzle 8 through reduction gas distribution pipe 5. The outlet is arranged tangentially along the inner wall of the reactor to form a spiral stirring. Pressure regulation: The intake pressure feedback instrument 7 and the return pressure feedback instrument 2 monitor the supply and return pressures in real time, and the controller 11 dynamically adjusts the valve opening to maintain the supply pressure at 65kPa~90kPa. Reaction endpoint determination: Controller 11 determines the reaction endpoint based on the combined ORP value (280~320mV) and temperature (45~50℃); Lifting and rinsing: After the reaction is completed, the controller 11 first closes the air inlet valve, and then instructs the lifting device 4 to lift the gas distribution pipe 5 so that the nozzle is removed from the liquid surface; then the condensate rinsing valve 10 is opened, and the condensate at a residual temperature of 60-70℃ enters the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 through the backwashing bypass branch pipe 9 for backwashing, and the rinsing liquid flows back to the reaction vessel.

[0034] Technical effects: Automated closed-loop control: No manual intervention is required throughout the entire process, eliminating operational deviations; High-efficiency gas-liquid mixing: Tangential spiral injection increases SO2 utilization to 70-90%; Completely prevents clogging: The lifting mechanism detaches the liquid surface and, combined with the backwashing of residual heat condensate, prevents crystallization and clogging. Low energy consumption: Utilizing gas jet self-priming of liquid reduces overall energy consumption by 50-70%; Zero discharge: The flushing liquid is returned to the reactor, and there is no external wastewater discharge.

[0035] In some embodiments, the diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 includes: a spray pipe 81 and a spray sleeve 82. The upper opening of the spray pipe 81 is fixed and connected to the lower opening of the reduction gas distribution pipe 5. The spray sleeve 82 is sleeved on the spray pipe 81, and the gap between the two forms a spray annular gap 801 for spraying gas-liquid mixed fluid. The outer wall of the spray sleeve 82 is provided with a plurality of liquid inlet holes 821 that communicate with the spray annular gap 801.

[0036] Work process: Sulfur dioxide gas enters the injection pipe 81 from the reduction gas distribution pipe 5; High-speed gas is ejected from the lower end of the injection pipe 81, generating a negative pressure at the injection annular gap 801; Negative pressure draws in surrounding arsenic-rich liquid through multiple liquid inlet holes 821 on the outer wall of the spray sleeve 82; The gas and liquid undergo intense shearing and mixing within the jet annular gap 801, forming a microbubble gas-liquid jet. The mixed jet is ejected from the nozzle outlet and enters the main solution in the reactor.

[0037] Technical effects: Negative pressure self-priming: No additional liquid pump is required; gas-liquid mixing is achieved using the gas's own energy. Bubble miniaturization: High-speed shearing in the annular gap breaks the bubbles down to 0.1-0.5 mm, increasing the gas-liquid contact area by 10-50 times; Adjustable gas-liquid ratio: The mixing ratio can be flexibly controlled by adjusting the gas velocity and the size of the liquid inlet. Anti-clogging: The continuous high-speed scouring within the annular gap makes it difficult for crystals to adhere.

[0038] Preferably, the spray pipe 81 is made of TA2 titanium, the spray sleeve 82 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the two are connected by threads.

[0039] Technical effects: Corrosion resistance: TA2 titanium material is resistant to high arsenic, high acid, and high temperature environments; polytetrafluoroethylene is resistant to chemical corrosion and wear; Easy to maintain: The threaded connection allows for quick disassembly, and cleaning or replacing the nozzle does not require replacing the entire unit; Extended lifespan: Composite materials prevent the rapid failure of single materials under cavitation and erosion. Cost optimization: Use titanium only in key areas to reduce overall manufacturing costs.

[0040] In another embodiment, a guide access pipe 12 is also included. The guide access pipe 12 is fixed on the inner wall of the reduction reactor 1, and the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 is inserted into the guide access pipe 12 to guide the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 into the working position.

[0041] The guide pipe 12 is pre-fixed to the inner wall of the reduction reactor 1; The air distribution tube 5 is inserted into the inner cavity of the guide access tube 12; When the lifting device 4 drives the reduction air distribution pipe 5 to rise and fall, the guide access pipe 12 limits its radial movement. During the reaction, the guide inlet pipe 12 plays a supporting and controlling role on the reduction gas distribution pipe 5; When the stirring device is running, the guide pipe 12 constrains the air distribution pipe to prevent it from swaying.

[0042] Technical effects: Precise guidance: Ensures the air distribution tube moves vertically during lifting and lowering, avoiding deviation; Anti-stirring and entanglement: Prevents the air tube from deforming or becoming entangled with the blades due to the stirring of the impeller; Reduce vibration: Constrain the free swing of the air distribution pipe, reducing equipment operating noise and fatigue damage.

[0043] The upper inlet of the guide access tube 12 is a funnel-shaped guide port 121 with the opening facing upwards. In this way, even if there is a slight horizontal deviation in the air distribution tube, the funnel-shaped slope will guide it to slide into the center of the guide access tube.

[0044] A sealing flange 13 is fixed on the top cover of the reduction reactor 1, and the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 passes through the sealing flange 13.

[0045] The sealing element (such as packing or O-ring) inside the sealing flange 13 contacts the outer wall of the gas distribution pipe to form a dynamic seal; when the gas distribution pipe is raised or lowered, the sealing element always fits against its outer wall to prevent gas leakage; the flange also serves as the radial support and axial guide structure of the gas distribution pipe.

[0046] In some embodiments, a 316L stainless steel retractable hose 14 is also included. The retractable hose 14 is sleeved on the reduction air distribution pipe 5. The lower flange 15 at the lower end of the retractable hose 14 is fixed and sealed to the sealing connection flange 13. The first upper flange 16 at the upper end of the retractable hose 14 is fixed and sealed to the second upper flange 17 on the pipe wall of the reduction air distribution pipe 5.

[0047] Fully sealed: The hose extends and retracts with the gas distribution pipe, always keeping the gas supply line isolated from the atmosphere, preventing sulfur dioxide from leaking out through the leak gap between the sealed connection flange and the reducing gas distribution pipe; Corrosion resistant and flexible: 316L stainless steel is resistant to corrosion from high arsenic acid gases and has good flexibility, allowing it to withstand frequent expansion and contraction. Leakage prevention safety: Avoid SO2 leakage caused by loosening or cracking of joints due to the raising or lowering of rigid pipelines; Easy maintenance: The flange connection facilitates regular hose replacement.

[0048] The inner wall of the reduction reactor 1 is equipped with an upper limit switch (existing technology, not shown) and a lower limit switch (existing technology, not shown) to detect the position signal of the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 and feed it back to the controller 11.

[0049] Work process: The upper and lower limit switches on the inner wall of the reduction reactor 1 are electrically connected to the controller 11; When the diffuser gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 rises and falls with the gas distribution pipe, it triggers the lower limit switch when it reaches the lower limit working position. Upon receiving the signal, the controller stops the lifting device from descending and allows the air intake valve to open; When the reaction ends and the nozzle reaches the upper limit standby position, the upper limit switch is triggered. Upon receiving the signal, the controller stops the lifting device from moving upwards and allows the flushing valve to be opened; If no location signal is received within the specified time, the controller will issue an alarm.

[0050] Technical effects: Precise position control: ensures that each lift reaches the accurate working or standby position; Safety interlock: The intake valve cannot be opened if the lower limit is not reached, and the flushing valve cannot be opened if the upper limit is not reached, to prevent misoperation; In another embodiment, an auxiliary stirring device 18 is also included, which is installed on the reduction reactor 1 for stirring the arsenic-rich liquid.

[0051] Work process: An auxiliary stirring device 18 is installed on the reduction reactor 1, and its stirring paddle extends into the reactor. Under normal operating conditions, the stirring device can be turned off, and mixing is achieved solely through the tangential spiral jet from the nozzle; When processing high solids content, high viscosity or special arsenic-rich liquids, controller 11 starts the auxiliary stirring device; The stirring paddle rotates at a low speed, further enhancing the turbulence and mixing uniformity of the fluid inside the vessel; After the reaction is complete, the stirring device can continue to run for a period of time to assist in mixing the rinsing solution.

[0052] Technical effects: Enhanced mixing: Further enhances turbulence based on nozzle spiral agitation, suitable for high solids content or high viscosity liquids; Flexible standby: It can be turned off under normal operating conditions to save energy, and turned on under special operating conditions to ensure uniform reaction. Wide range of applications: Enables the equipment to handle a wider range of raw material characteristics, improving its industrial applicability; Redundancy protection: When the nozzle is unexpectedly blocked or the air supply is abnormal, the stirring device can maintain basic mixing and avoid production stoppage.

[0053] The method of using an automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to the present invention includes the following steps: Step 1: Add the arsenic-rich solution to be treated into reduction reactor 1; Step 2: Controller 11 controls the lifting device 4 to drive the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 downward until the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 at the lower end of the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 is submerged below the arsenic-rich liquid surface. Step 3: Controller 11 opens the sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve 6. The sulfur dioxide gas passes through the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 and is injected into the arsenic-rich liquid through the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle 8 to spirally agitate the arsenic-rich liquid and start the reduction reaction. Step 4: The intake pressure feedback instrument 7 and the return pressure feedback instrument 2 monitor the sulfur dioxide supply pressure and return pressure in real time. The controller 11 dynamically adjusts the opening of the sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve 6 according to the pressure feedback signal to keep the supply pressure between 65kPa and 90kPa. Step 5: Controller 11 monitors the temperature and reaction time of the arsenic-rich solution. When the temperature reaches the range of 45℃~50℃ and the solution ORP value reaches 280~320mV, the reaction endpoint is determined to be reached. Step 6: After the reaction endpoint is reached, the controller 11 performs sequential control operations: first, it closes the sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve 6, and then controls the lifting device 4 to drive the reduction gas distribution pipe 5 to rise to the position above the arsenic-rich liquid surface. Step 7: After that, the controller 11 opens the condensate flushing valve 10 to backwash the reduction gas distribution pipe 5, and the flushing liquid flows back into the reduction reactor. Step 8: After rinsing is completed, controller 11 closes condensate flushing valve 10.

[0054] This invention achieves the following integrated technical effects by integrating a liftable gas distribution device, a diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle, a multi-parameter closed-loop control system, and a waste heat condensate backwash bypass: During the reaction stage, the negative pressure self-absorbing liquid generated by the high-speed gas jet in the nozzle annular gap forms microbubbles (0.1-0.5mm) through high-speed shearing in the annular gap, and is tangentially sprayed along the inner wall of the reactor to form a spiral circulating flow, increasing the gas-liquid contact area by 10-50 times, improving SO2 utilization to 70-90%, and shortening the reaction time by more than 50%. Simultaneously, the gas kinetic energy is used to complete both gas supply and stirring functions, reducing overall energy consumption by 50-70%. After the reaction, through… The lifting device automatically raises the nozzle off the liquid surface, fundamentally preventing solution backflow and crystallization. It also uses 60-70℃ residual heat condensate to backwash the gas supply pipeline online, with the flushing liquid directly returning to the reactor to achieve zero discharge. The entire process is automatically executed by a PLC controller based on feedback from multiple parameters such as pressure, temperature, ORP, and limit switches, following the sequence of "lowering and venting - dynamic pressure stabilization - endpoint determination - valve closing and lifting - backwashing". This completely eliminates human operation deviations and safety risks, extending the continuous operation cycle of the equipment from each batch cleaning in traditional processes to several months of maintenance-free operation. This significantly improves the stability, economy, and environmental friendliness of wet arsenic removal from high-arsenic white dust in copper smelting.

[0055] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0056] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction and arsenic removal device, characterized in that, include: A reduction reactor (1) is used to hold arsenic-rich liquid to be treated. The top cover of the reduction reactor (1) is equipped with a return gas pressure feedback instrument (2), and the bottom outer wall of the reduction reactor (1) is equipped with an ORP monitoring probe (3). A lifting device (4) is provided above the reduction reactor (1); The lower end of the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) passes through the reduction reactor (1) and extends below the arsenic-rich liquid. The upper end of the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) passes through the top cover of the reduction reactor (1), and a sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve (6) and an inlet pressure feedback instrument (7) are provided on this end. The reduction gas distribution pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the lifting part of the lifting device (4). A diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle (8) is provided at the lower end of the reduction gas distribution pipe (5), and the outlet direction of the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle (8) is arranged along the circumferential tangent direction of the inner wall of the reduction reactor (1). Backwash bypass branch pipe (9), which is connected to the reduction gas distribution pipe (5), is provided with a condensate flushing valve (10), and can be introduced into the backwash bypass branch pipe (9) with residual condensate water at 60-70°C formed after the condensation of process insulation steam. The controller (11) is electrically connected to the ORP monitoring probe (3), the lifting device (4), the sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve (6), the intake pressure feedback instrument (7), the return pressure feedback instrument (2), and the condensate flushing valve (10).

2. The automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffusion-type gas-liquid mixing nozzle (8) includes: a spray pipe (81) and a spray sleeve (82). The upper opening of the spray pipe (81) is fixed and connected to the lower opening of the reduction gas distribution pipe (5). The spray sleeve (82) is sleeved on the spray pipe (81), and the gap between the two forms a spray annular gap (801) for spraying gas-liquid mixed fluid. The outer wall of the spray sleeve (82) is provided with a plurality of liquid inlet holes (821) that communicate with the spray annular gap (801).

3. The automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The spray pipe (81) is made of TA2 titanium, and the spray sleeve (82) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and the two are connected by threads.

4. The automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a guide access pipe (12), which is fixed on the inner wall of the reduction reactor (1), and the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) is inserted into the guide access pipe (12) to guide the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) into the working position.

5. The automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper inlet of the guide access pipe (12) is a funnel-shaped guide port (121) with the opening facing upward.

6. The automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A sealing flange (13) is fixed on the top cover of the reduction reactor (1), and the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) passes through the sealing flange (13).

7. The automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a 316L stainless steel retractable hose (14), which is sleeved on the reduction air distribution pipe (5). The lower flange (15) at the lower end of the retractable hose (14) is fixed and sealed to the sealing connection flange (13). The first upper flange (16) at the upper end of the retractable hose (14) is fixed and sealed to the second upper flange (17) on the pipe wall of the reduction air distribution pipe (5).

8. The automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner wall of the reduction reactor (1) is equipped with an upper limit switch and a lower limit switch, which are used to detect the position signal of the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle (8) and feed it back to the controller (11).

9. An automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, It also includes an auxiliary stirring device (18) installed on the reduction reactor (1) for stirring the arsenic-rich liquid.

10. A method of using the automatic lifting gas-liquid mixing high-efficiency reduction arsenic removal device as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add the arsenic-rich liquid to be treated into the reduction reactor (1); Step 2: The controller (11) controls the lifting device (4) to drive the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) down until the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle (8) at the lower end of the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) is submerged below the arsenic-rich liquid surface. Step 3: The controller (11) opens the sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve (6), and the sulfur dioxide gas passes through the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) and is injected into the arsenic-rich liquid through the diffusion gas-liquid mixing nozzle (8) to spirally stir the arsenic-rich liquid and start the reduction reaction. Step 4: The intake pressure feedback instrument (7) and the return pressure feedback instrument (2) monitor the sulfur dioxide supply pressure and return pressure in real time. The controller (11) dynamically adjusts the opening of the sulfur dioxide intake regulating valve (6) according to the pressure feedback signal to keep the supply pressure between 65kPa and 90kPa. Step 5: The controller (11) monitors the temperature and reaction time of the arsenic-rich solution. When the temperature reaches the range of 45℃~50℃ and the solution ORP value reaches 280~320mV, it is determined that the reaction endpoint has been reached. Step 6: After the reaction endpoint is reached, the controller (11) performs sequential control operations: first, the sulfur dioxide inlet regulating valve (6) is closed, and then the lifting device (4) is controlled to drive the reduction gas distribution pipe (5) to rise to the position away from the arsenic-rich liquid surface. Step 7: Afterwards, the controller (11) opens the condensate flushing valve (10) to backwash the reduction gas distribution pipe (5), and the flushing liquid flows back into the reduction reaction vessel; Step 8: After rinsing is completed, the controller (11) closes the condensate rinsing valve (10).

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