Ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating and method for producing same

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of surface modification, and particularly relates to a ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating is prepared from a ceramic-based metal mixed powder, and the ceramic-based metal mixed powder comprises 70-85% of ceramic powder, 7-15% of pure metal powder I, and 7-15% of pure metal powder II by mass fraction. The method comprises the following steps: step one, preparing a ceramic-based metal spraying powder; step two, performing sand blasting treatment on the surface of a part to be sprayed, and cleaning the part to be sprayed with compressed air after the sand blasting; step three, fixing the part to be sprayed on a workbench, adjusting the positional relationship between a plasma spraying gun and a laser gun head and the surface of the part, setting parameters, and spraying the surface of the part until the spraying thickness meets the requirement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of surface modification technology, specifically relating to a ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Wear is a crucial factor among various engine failure modes. Wear-resistant coatings can effectively reduce the wear of engine components, potentially extending engine lifespan. Therefore, designing and preparing highly wear-resistant coatings on the surfaces of easily worn engine parts is one of the effective ways to improve engine service life.

[0003] Currently, thermal spraying technology is mainly used to prepare ceramic or ceramic-based coatings to improve the wear resistance of parts surfaces. However, since the sprayed coating is formed by multi-layer deposition, uneven mixing of internal components is inevitable during the deposition process, resulting in an unbalanced crystal structure and the inclusion of primary defects such as pores, cracks, and impurities. This leads to poor overall coating performance and easy peeling. Laser remelting for secondary heat treatment of thermally sprayed coatings is a common method to reduce the inherent defects of the sprayed coating. However, for supersonic and plasma sprayed coatings, although remelting can eliminate coating defects, the high energy input can also cause cracking on the coating surface.

[0004] Therefore, developing suitable technologies and processes to help solve the original defects such as pores, cracks and impurities in supersonic and plasma spray coatings, and to prepare defect-free wear-resistant coatings with excellent overall performance, is the key to ensuring the improvement of the overall service performance of related components. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems by providing a ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating with strong bonding, low porosity, no defects, and excellent overall performance, as well as its preparation method. The aim is to prepare the wear-resistant coating by selecting suitable ceramic-based metal powders and using laser in-situ assisted plasma spraying equipment.

[0006] Technical solution

[0007] A ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating, the coating being prepared from a ceramic-based metal mixed powder, the ceramic-based metal mixed powder comprising 70%~85% ceramic powder, 7%~15% pure metal powder I and 7%~15% pure metal powder II by mass fraction; The ceramic powder is one of WC, Al2O3, and Cr3C2; Pure metal powder I is one of silver, aluminum, and titanium; Pure metal powder II is one of nickel, cadmium, and copper.

[0008] A method for preparing a ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of ceramic-based metal spraying powder; Step 2: Sandblast the surface of the parts to be coated, and clean it with compressed air after sandblasting; the non-coated surfaces need to be protected with tooling before sandblasting.

[0009] Step 3: Fix the part to be coated on the worktable and adjust the positional relationship between the plasma spray gun and laser gun head and the surface of the part; set the parameters and spray the surface of the part until the coating thickness meets the requirements. The laser and plasma spraying work simultaneously. To avoid excessive thermal stress that could cause cracking of the coated surface, compressed air is used to cool the coated surface. During the spraying process, an infrared thermometer is used to monitor the coated surface in real time to ensure that the temperature is within a controllable range. If the temperature is too high, spraying is paused, and the spraying operation can continue after the temperature drops.

[0010] Furthermore, in step three, the axial direction of the spray gun and laser gun head forms an angle of 65° to 70° with the surface of the part.

[0011] Furthermore, the parameters are as follows: powder feed rate of the spray gun is 50~100 g / min, powder feed pressure is 0.3 MPa±0.02 MPa, spraying distance is 100~150 mm, spraying current is 495~505 A, and spraying voltage is 65±3 V; Laser power 800~1000 W, spot diameter 3~5 mm, distance between laser gun head and spray surface 3~5 cm; The relative moving speed between the spray gun head and the part is 15~25 mm / s. A high moving speed can prevent continuous heat accumulation at a certain point from causing the coating to crack during the spraying process.

[0012] Furthermore, in step three, compressed air is continuously used to cool the sprayed area during the spraying process; the distance between the compressed air nozzle and the sprayed surface is 250 mm to 350 mm, and the compressed air speed is 100 to 250 L / min.

[0013] Furthermore, in step three, the surface temperature of the parts is continuously monitored during the spraying process, and spraying is stopped when the temperature exceeds 120°C. The equipment resumes operation once the surface temperature cools down to below 100°C.

[0014] Furthermore, in step one, the process for preparing the ceramic-based metal spraying powder is as follows: a: The wet mixing method is adopted. In a high-energy ball mill, ceramic powder with a mass fraction of 70%~85%, pure metal powder I with a mass fraction of 7%~15%, and pure metal powder II with a mass fraction of 7%~15% are mixed. Anhydrous ethanol is used as the wet mixing solvent. After the mixing is completed, the mixture is dried in a vacuum drying oven. b: PVA binder and water solvent are added to the dried ceramic-metal mixed powder to prepare a slurry for granulation, and then spherical powder is prepared by spray granulation machine; the ball-milled ceramic-metal mixed powder is spray granulated to ensure the flowability of the powder. c: Dry the spherical powder. After drying, use a powder Hall flow meter to measure the flowability of the powder. If the flowability does not meet the requirements, adjust the particle size of the spherical powder and return to step b to prepare spherical powder again. The flowability range of the powder is 25 s / 50 g to 30 s / 50 g.

[0015] Furthermore, the ball mill speed is 300~350 rpm / min, the ball milling time is 10~15 h, the ball-to-material ratio is 1:1, the vacuum drying oven drying temperature is 100~150 ℃, and the drying time is 5~10 h.

[0016] Furthermore, the spray granulation process involves adding 60-65% ceramic-based metal mixed powder and 5% binder by mass each time. The feed port temperature is 280-320℃, the discharge port temperature is 100-110℃, and the atomizing disc rotation speed is 20-25 Hz.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle between the sandblasting gun head and the spray surface is 45~50°.

[0018] Beneficial effects This invention utilizes laser-assisted in-situ plasma spraying to prepare a ceramic-based metal wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating. During the preparation process, the plasma spraying and laser process parameters are adjusted based on the substrate material and coating composition, resulting in a coating with high hardness, low porosity, strong adhesion, and a uniform, defect-free structure. This invention combines the advantages of plasma spraying and laser technology, eliminating defects such as porosity, unmelted particles, and layered overlap that are common in plasma spraying for wear-resistant coatings, effectively improving the efficiency of plasma spraying for wear-resistant coating preparation. In this invention, the in-situ assistance of the laser has the following functions: during the spraying process, the laser can control the temperature field on the surface of the parts in real time, avoiding residual stress accumulation caused by rapid cooling during spraying; the laser can reheat unmelted particles in the plasma jet, ensuring complete melting of the powder particles; and the laser can induce in-situ chemical reactions between powder particles, forming intermetallic compounds with high hardness and better corrosion resistance. Furthermore, in the ceramic-based metal wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating of this invention, the doped metal can be selected according to the actual service conditions. For example, to improve the corrosion resistance of the coating, elements with high corrosion resistance such as Ni, Cr, and Cu can be selected; to improve the impact resistance of the coating, elements with good ductility such as Ag, Al, and Ti can be selected. Simultaneously, the ceramic can also be selected from ceramic powders such as WC, Al2O3, and Cr3C2 according to different hardness requirements. Therefore, the ceramic-based metal wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating and its preparation method of this invention have high adaptability, not only solving the problem of inherent defects that easily occur during the spraying process, but also providing more feasibility for the application of sprayed coatings in different operating conditions of aerospace components. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a method for preparing ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coatings by laser-assisted in-situ plasma spraying; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional microstructure diagram of the wear-resistant coating obtained by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a microstructure diagram of the surface of the wear-resistant coating obtained in this invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the corrosion resistance of the wear-resistant coating obtained by the present invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional microstructure diagram of the 70%Al2O3-20%Al-10%Cu coating prepared according to the present invention; Figure 6 The corrosion resistance of the 70%Al2O3-20%Al-10%Cu coating prepared in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the hardness of the 70%Al2O3-20%Al-10%Cu coating prepared according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] The features and illustrative embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will now be described in detail. Numerous specific details are set forth in the following detailed description to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention may be practiced without requiring some of these specific details. The following description of embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the invention by illustrating examples of the invention. The invention is by no means limited to any specific setups and methods set forth below, but covers any improvements, substitutions, and modifications to structures, methods, and devices without departing from the spirit of the invention. Well-known structures and techniques are not shown in the drawings and the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing and simplifying the invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the use of ordinal numbers (e.g., "first and second," etc.) is for distinguishing objects and is not limited to this order, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly, encompassing both direct connection and indirect connection via an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of these terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other, and the various embodiments can be referenced and cited in each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0026] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0027] A ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating for engine component protection is composed of ceramic powder, pure metal powder I, and pure metal powder II, wherein the ceramic powder and metal powder can be selected and combined according to different performance requirements.

[0028] The specific preparation process is carried out according to the following steps: Step 1, Preparation of ceramic-based metal mixed powder: (1) Using wet mixing method, ceramic powder with a mass fraction of 70%~85%, pure metal powder I with a mass fraction of 7%~15% and pure metal powder II with a mass fraction of 7%~15% are mixed in a high-energy ball mill. Anhydrous ethanol is used as the wet mixing solvent. After mixing, the mixture is dried in a vacuum drying oven. (2) Spray granulation is performed on the ball-milled ceramic-metal mixed powder to ensure the flowability of the powder. PVA binder and water solvent are added to the dried ceramic-metal mixed powder to prepare slurry for granulation. Then, spherical powder is prepared by spray granulation machine. (3) Dry the spherical powder. After drying, use a powder Hall flow meter to measure the flowability of the powder. The flowability range is 25 s / 50 g to 30 s / 50 g to meet the flowability requirements of the spraying powder. Step 2: Preparation of ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating by laser in-situ assisted plasma spraying (1) Sandblasting is performed on the surface of the parts that need protection. Before sandblasting, the non-coated surface needs to be protected with tooling. When sandblasting, the following should be noted: the surface sprayed by the sandblasting gun head is not perpendicular. After sandblasting, the sandblasted surface is cleaned with compressed air. (2) Fix the sandblasted sample on the workbench, align the sandblasting surface with the spray gun head and the laser gun head, and make a certain angle between the gun head and the sandblasting surface. The laser and plasma spraying work simultaneously. In order to avoid excessive thermal stress causing cracking of the sprayed surface, compressed air is used to cool the sprayed surface. During the spraying process, an infrared thermometer is used to monitor the sprayed surface in real time to ensure that the temperature is within a controllable range. When the temperature is too high, the spraying is paused. After the temperature drops, the spraying operation can continue until the thickness of the sprayed layer meets the required standard. The thickness of the ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating prepared by laser in-situ assisted plasma spraying is 800~1000 μm; In step 1, the ball mill speed is 300~350 rpm / min, the ball milling time is 10~15 h, the ball-to-material ratio is 1:1, the vacuum drying oven drying temperature is 100~150 ℃, and the drying time is 5~10 h; In step 1, the spray granulation process involves adding 60-65% ceramic-based metal mixed powder and 5% binder by mass. The feed port temperature is 280-320°C, the discharge port temperature is 100-110°C, and the atomizing disc rotation speed is 20-25 Hz. The ceramic-based metal mixed powder prepared in step 1 should be used within 5 to 8 hours after drying. If it exceeds this time range, it needs to be dried again. In step 2, the angle between the sandblasting gun head and the spray surface is 45~50°. In step 2, the spray gun head and laser gun head are at an angle of 65~70° to the spray surface, the worktable speed is 500~800 mm / s, the infrared thermometer monitors the temperature range of 100~130 ℃, and the spraying process parameters are: powder feed rate 50~100 g / min, powder feeder pressure 0.3 MPa±0.02 MPa, spraying distance 100~150 mm, spraying current 495~505 A, and spraying voltage 65±3 V; the laser in-situ assisted spraying process parameters are: power 800~1000 W, spot diameter 3~5 mm, and distance between the laser gun head and the spray surface 3~5 cm.

[0029] In step 2, the laser gun head and the spray gun head move at the same speed relative to the part, which is 15~25mm / s. The high speed can avoid continuous heat accumulation at a certain point, which may cause the coating to crack during the spraying process. In step 2, the distance between the compressed air nozzle and the spraying surface is 250 mm to 350 mm, and the compressed air speed is 100 to 250 L / min. In step 2, during the spraying process, when the infrared thermometer monitors the sprayed surface temperature to be above 120°C, the spraying and laser operation are stopped. The equipment continues to operate when the surface temperature cools down to below 100°C. In step 2, an overlay method is used. Five coats are first sprayed on the parts to be coated, and then the coating thickness is measured to estimate the number of coats required for a coating thickness of 800~1000 μm. This avoids the accumulation of thermal stress and cracking caused by an excessively thick coating.

[0030] Example 1 A ceramic-based metal wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating for the protection of aerospace components and its preparation method, comprising the following steps; Preparation of ceramic-based metal mixed powder: In a planetary ball mill, a wet mixing method was used to mix 75% WC ceramic powder, 10% Co powder, and 15% Cr powder by mass fraction. Anhydrous ethanol was used as the wet mixing agent. A ceramic jar and ceramic balls were selected for the milling process, with a ball-to-powder ratio of 1:1. The milling time was 10 h, and the ball mill speed was 350 rpm / min. After mixing, the ceramic-based metal mixed powder was transferred to a glass petri dish and dried in a vacuum drying oven for 10 h at a drying temperature of 120 ℃. After drying, PVA binder and water solvent are added to the dried mixed powder to prepare a slurry for granulation. The feed port temperature of the granulator is 300 ℃, the discharge port temperature is 110 ℃, and the atomizing disc speed is 25 Hz. After granulation, the mixed powder particles are vacuum dried again at a temperature of 120 ℃ for 10 h. After drying, the mixed powder particle size is screened using a 150-300 mesh sieve to ensure that the powder particle size meets the powder feeding requirements. Spraying is required within 8 h after the powder is dried. After this time, the powder needs to be dried again. Preparation before spraying: Use high-temperature resistant tape to protect the areas of the parts that do not need to be sprayed. Then, sandblast the surface to be sprayed. Use white corundum as the sandblasting material and 0.5 MPa as the sandblasting pressure. When sandblasting, the spray gun should be at a 50° angle to the surface. The sandblasted surface is considered qualified when there is no reflection when observed under a light source. Preparation of ceramic-based metal wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating: WC-Co-Cr wear-resistant coating was prepared by laser in-situ assisted plasma spraying. The laser gun head and spray gun head were at 70° to the spraying surface. The moving speed of the laser gun head and spray gun head relative to the spraying surface of the part was 20 mm / s. The plasma spraying process parameters were: powder feed rate 75 g / min, powder feeder pressure 0.32 MPa, spraying distance 120 mm. The laser process parameters were: power 1000 W, spot diameter 3 mm, distance of laser gun head from the spraying surface 4 cm, and worktable rotation speed of the supporting part 500 mm / s. During the spraying process, the temperature of the spraying surface was measured by an infrared thermometer, and the spraying surface was cooled by a compressed air device. The distance of the compressed air nozzle from the spraying surface was 350 mm, the compressed air speed was 200 L / min, and the temperature of the spraying surface was controlled at about 100℃.

[0031] The prepared samples were characterized by the surface and cross-sectional microstructure of the coating, as well as the corrosion resistance of the surface. Figure 2 It can be seen that the 75%WC-10%Co-15%Cr coating prepared by laser in-situ assisted plasma spraying method is of good quality. A metallurgical bond is formed between the coating and the substrate, and there are no pores, voids, or unmelted particles present. Furthermore… Figure 4 It can be seen that the corrosion resistance of the coating obtained by this method is significantly improved.

[0032] Example 2 A ceramic-based metal wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating for the protection of aerospace components and its preparation method, comprising the following steps; Preparation of ceramic-based metal mixed powder: In a planetary ball mill, a wet mixing method was used to mix 70% Al₂O₃ ceramic powder, 20% Al powder, and 10% Cu powder by mass. Anhydrous ethanol was used as the wet mixing agent. A ceramic jar and ceramic balls were selected for the milling process, with a ball-to-powder ratio of 1:1. The milling time was 12 h, and the ball mill speed was 320 rpm / min. After mixing, the ceramic-based metal mixed powder was transferred to a glass petri dish and dried in a vacuum drying oven for 8 h at a drying temperature of 100 ℃. After drying, PVA binder and water solvent are added to the dried mixed powder to prepare slurry for granulation. The feed port temperature of the granulator is 280 ℃, the discharge port temperature is 100 ℃, and the atomizing disc speed is 20 Hz. After granulation, the mixed powder particles are vacuum dried again at 100 ℃ for 8 hours. After drying, the mixed powder particle size is screened using a 150-300 mesh sieve to ensure that the powder particle size meets the powder feeding requirements. Spraying work must be carried out within 5 hours after the powder is dried. After this time, the powder must be dried again. Preparation before spraying: Use high-temperature resistant tape to protect the areas of the parts that do not need to be sprayed. Then, sandblast the surface to be sprayed. Use white corundum as the sandblasting material and 0.5 MPa as the sandblasting pressure. When sandblasting, the spray gun should be at a 50° angle to the surface. The sandblasted surface is considered qualified when there is no reflection when observed under a light source. Preparation of ceramic-based metal wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating: An Al2O3-Al-Cu wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant coating was prepared by laser in-situ assisted plasma spraying. The laser gun head and spray gun head were positioned at 65° to the spraying surface, and their relative movement speeds to the spraying surface were 25 mm / s. The plasma spraying process parameters were: powder feed rate 80 g / min, powder feeder pressure 0.3 MPa, spraying distance 135 mm. The laser process parameters were: power 800 W, spot diameter 5 mm, laser gun head distance from the spraying surface 5 cm, and the worktable rotation speed for supporting the parts 650 mm / s. During the spraying process, an infrared thermometer was used to continuously measure the temperature of the sprayed surface, and a compressed air device was used to cool the surface. The compressed air nozzle was 275 mm away from the sprayed surface, the compressed air velocity was 250 L / min, and the sprayed surface temperature was controlled below 90 ℃.

[0033] The prepared samples were characterized by the cross-sectional microstructure of the coating, surface hardness, and corrosion resistance. Figure 5It can be seen that the 70%Al2O3-20%Al-10%Cu coating prepared by laser in-situ assisted plasma spraying has a good cross-sectional morphology, and a metallurgical bond is formed between the coating and the substrate. There are no pores, voids, or unmelted particles present. In addition, Figure 6 and Figure 7 It can be seen that the coating obtained by this method not only has high hardness, but also has significantly improved corrosion resistance.

[0034] The above detailed embodiments are a description of the present invention. It should not be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, several simple deductions and substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of these should be considered to fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating, characterized in that: The coating is prepared from a ceramic-based metal mixed powder, which includes 70% to 85% ceramic powder, 7% to 15% pure metal powder I, and 7% to 15% pure metal powder II by mass fraction. The ceramic powder is one of WC, Al2O3, and Cr3C2; Pure metal powder I is one of silver, aluminum, and titanium; Pure metal powder II is one of nickel, cadmium, and copper.

2. A method for preparing a ceramic-based metal wear-resistant coating, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Preparation of ceramic-based metal spraying powder; Step 2: Sandblast the surface of the parts to be coated, and clean it with compressed air after sandblasting. Step 3: Fix the part to be coated on the worktable, adjust the positional relationship between the plasma spray gun and the laser gun head and the surface of the part; set the parameters to spray the surface of the part; until the coating thickness meets the requirements.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step three, the axial direction of the spray gun and laser gun head forms an angle of 65° to 70° with the surface of the part.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parameters are as follows: powder feeding rate of spray gun is 50~100 g / min, powder feeding pressure is 0.3 MPa±0.02 MPa, spraying distance is 100~150 mm, spraying current is 495~505 A, and spraying voltage is 65±3V. Laser power 800~1000 W, spot diameter 3~5 mm, distance between laser gun head and spray surface 3~5 cm; The relative moving speed between the spray gun head and the part is 15~25 mm / s.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step three, compressed air is continuously used to cool the sprayed area during the spraying process; the distance between the compressed air nozzle and the sprayed surface is 250 mm to 350 mm, and the compressed air speed is 100 to 250 L / min.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step three, the surface temperature of the parts is continuously monitored during the spraying process. Spraying is stopped when the temperature exceeds 120°C, and work continues when the surface temperature cools down to below 100°C.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step one, the process for preparing ceramic-based metal spraying powder is as follows: a: The wet mixing method is adopted. In a high-energy ball mill, ceramic powder with a mass fraction of 70%~85%, pure metal powder I with a mass fraction of 7%~15%, and pure metal powder II with a mass fraction of 7%~15% are mixed. Anhydrous ethanol is used as the wet mixing solvent. After the mixing is completed, the mixture is dried in a vacuum drying oven. b: PVA binder and water solvent are added to the dried ceramic-metal mixed powder to prepare a slurry for granulation, and then spherical powder is prepared by spray granulation. c: Dry the spherical powder. After drying, use a powder Hall flow meter to measure the flowability of the powder. If the flowability does not meet the requirements, adjust the particle size of the spherical powder and return to step b to prepare spherical powder again. The flowability range of the powder is 25 s / 50 g to 30 s / 50 g.

8. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ball mill speed is 300~350 rpm / min, the ball milling time is 10~15 h, the ball-to-material ratio is 1:1, the vacuum drying oven drying temperature is 100~150 ℃, and the drying time is 5~10 h.

9. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each spray granulation process involves adding 60-65% ceramic-based metal mixed powder and 5% binder by mass. The feed port temperature is 280-320 ℃, the discharge port temperature is 100-110 ℃, and the atomizing disc rotation speed is 20-25 Hz.

10. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the sandblasting gun head and the spray surface is 45~50°.

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