A method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity wharf

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of gravity wharf multilayer block installation method, belong to gravity wharf construction technical field.The gravity wharf multilayer block installation method includes the following steps: forming stepped installation surface, stepped recursive installation each structural section and repeatedly to complete the installation of last structural section;When installing, the number of block installed in last layer is less than adjacent next layer, so that there is no direct load above the block located in the end of installation direction in adjacent next layer;Repeat installation layer by layer upwards, and the number of block installed in each layer is less than adjacent next layer, until only one block is installed in a layer, so that the end of this structural section along the first direction forms stepped installation surface.The method can effectively reduce the settlement difference between adjacent blocks by using the installation mode of one-way recursive and layer-by-layer decreasing structural section, improve installation accuracy, also can shorten the winch distance of crane, improve construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of gravity wharf construction technology, specifically relating to a method for installing multi-layer blocks in a gravity wharf. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of linear wharves, installation generally begins from one end and proceeds towards the other. When the wharf is long, installation can also begin near the middle and proceed towards both ends. On the facade, existing installation methods include stepped installation and layered installation. The principles for selecting the installation sequence are: minimal uneven settlement, minimal impact from wind and waves, high installation efficiency, and ease of construction sequence arrangement. Existing installation sequences can be broadly categorized into four basic types, specifically: like Figure 1 As shown in (a), the layered installation sequence, with each segment (divided according to settlement joints) as the unit, involves installing all the blocks of each structural segment sequentially from bottom to top, from the first end of the wharf to the last end. In this method, the maximum twisting distance of the crane vessel is the length of one structural segment. The twisting distance of the crane vessel is not far, but because all the blocks of the previous structural segment have been installed when the next structural segment is installed, the loads of the two adjacent structural segments are uneven, resulting in a large settlement difference.

[0003] like Figure 1 As shown in (b), the stepped installation sequence, which is divided into sections (based on settlement joints), forms a step from the first end of the wharf to the last end. The upper layer of the previous structural section and the lower layer of the next structural section form a step. When this method is used for installation, the load difference between adjacent structural sections or even adjacent blocks is not large. However, the maximum winch distance of the crane ship is the length of two structural sections. The long winch distance of the crane ship consumes too much time, resulting in a decrease in construction efficiency.

[0004] like Figure 1 As shown in (c), the layer-by-layer installation sequence, with the entire wharf as the unit, involves installing all blocks layer by layer from the front end to the back end of the wharf. During this installation method, the load difference between adjacent structural sections or even adjacent blocks is not large. However, after each layer of blocks is installed, the crane ship needs to be moved from the back end to the front end for installation. The maximum moving distance of the crane ship is the length of the entire wharf. The long moving distance of the crane ship consumes too much time, resulting in a decrease in construction efficiency.

[0005] like Figure 1 As shown in (d), the step-like installation sequence with blocks as units, although the maximum winch distance of the crane vessel is small, requires the crane vessel to move anchor back and forth multiple times, and the overall winch distance of the crane vessel is not small. In addition, the installation process is complicated and not conducive to the arrangement of the process.

[0006] In summary, the block installation sequence in the existing technology either focuses on controlling the settlement difference between adjacent blocks to ensure installation accuracy, but the construction efficiency is low; or it focuses on reducing the lifting vessel's winch distance to increase construction speed, but it is difficult to effectively control the settlement difference.

[0007] Therefore, how to provide a block installation method that balances settlement control and construction efficiency is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for installing multi-layer blocks in a gravity-type wharf. By adopting a unidirectional, progressively decreasing installation method for structural sections, the crane vessel continuously advances in one direction to complete the installation of a certain layer of blocks in a single structural section. This effectively reduces the settlement difference between adjacent blocks, improves installation accuracy, shortens the crane vessel's winch distance, and increases construction efficiency.

[0009] This invention provides a method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf. The gravity-type wharf includes several structural sections, with settlement joints between adjacent structural sections. The method includes the following steps: S1. Forming a stepped mounting surface: For the first structural segment at the end, blocks are installed layer by layer from bottom to top, wherein: The bottom layer of blocks are installed sequentially along the first direction; The number of blocks installed in the upper layer is less than that in the adjacent lower layer, so that there is no direct load above the blocks located at the end of the installation direction in the adjacent lower layer; The installation is repeated layer by layer upwards, with each layer having fewer blocks than the adjacent next layer, until only one block is installed on a certain layer, so that the end of the first structural segment along the first direction forms a stepped installation surface. S2. Stepped, progressive installation of each structural segment: Along the first direction, perform the following operations on the next structural segment: First, install the bottommost block of the second structural segment adjacent to the first structural segment along the first direction; The blocks of the second structural segment are installed layer by layer upwards, and the uninstalled parts or all the blocks of the first structural segment are simultaneously filled in, so that the end of the second structural segment along the first direction forms a new stepped installation surface. S3. Repeat step S2 until the stepped mounting surface of the last structural segment is formed. Then, install all the blocks of the last structural segment from bottom to top along the first direction.

[0010] This technical solution employs a unidirectional, progressively decreasing installation method for structural segments. The crane vessel's working path continuously advances in one direction to complete the installation of a certain layer of blocks in a single structural segment. This effectively reduces the settlement difference between adjacent blocks, improves installation accuracy, shortens the crane vessel's winch distance, and increases construction efficiency.

[0011] In some embodiments, adjacent layers of blocks are installed using blocks of different sizes with staggered joints.

[0012] This technical solution avoids continuous joints by installing the blocks in a staggered manner, thereby enhancing the interlocking effect between the blocks and improving the overall stability and shear resistance of the wharf structure.

[0013] In some embodiments, in step S2, when installing the bottommost block of the second structural segment, the blocks are installed sequentially along the first direction, starting from the side closest to the first structural segment.

[0014] In some embodiments, for each block to be installed, the crane vessel moves to the installation position of the block for lifting.

[0015] This technical solution ensures installation accuracy and facilitates standardized management of construction procedures by clearly defining the hoisting and positioning operations for each block.

[0016] In some of these embodiments, the length of each structural segment does not exceed 50m.

[0017] This technical solution further shortens the total winch distance of the crane vessel and improves construction efficiency by limiting the length of the structural sections and combining unidirectional recursive installation.

[0018] In some embodiments, the first direction is from the shore side of the pier to the offshore side, or from the offshore side of the pier to the shore side.

[0019] This technical solution allows for flexible selection of the installation starting point based on site conditions, improving construction efficiency and adapting to different working conditions.

[0020] Based on the above scheme, the gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method in this embodiment of the invention, by installing layers progressively in the first structural section, ensures that there is no direct load above the bottommost block. When installing the second structural section, the bottommost block closest to the first structural section is installed first, utilizing the small settlement of these adjacent blocks to effectively reduce the settlement difference between adjacent blocks and improve installation accuracy. Simultaneously, during the progressive installation process, the stepped installation surface of the previous structural section is completed, ensuring uniform load application and avoiding the uneven load problem caused by existing layer-by-layer installation methods. Furthermore, this scheme adopts unidirectional progressive installation of structural sections, with the crane vessel continuously advancing in one direction to complete the installation of a certain layer of blocks in a single structural section, eliminating the need for large-scale back-movements or multiple round trips, resulting in a short total winch distance and high construction efficiency. In summary, this scheme has simple and highly systematic procedures, facilitating construction organization and management, and overcoming the shortcomings of complex procedures in existing stepped installation methods. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with their description, serve to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 The installation sequence of linear terminals in existing technologies; Figure 2 This refers to the block installation sequence in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the construction of a gravity-type wharf from both sides towards the middle in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 The soil layer in Embodiment 1 of the present invention curve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "lateral", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method of the present invention, the gravity-type wharf includes several structural segments, and settlement joints are provided between adjacent structural segments. The gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method includes the following steps: S1. Forming a stepped mounting surface: For the first structural segment at the end, blocks are installed layer by layer from bottom to top, wherein: The bottom layer of blocks are installed sequentially along the first direction; The number of blocks installed in the upper layer is less than that in the adjacent lower layer, so that there is no direct load above the blocks located at the end of the installation direction in the adjacent lower layer; The installation is repeated layer by layer upwards, with each layer having fewer blocks than the adjacent next layer, until only one block is installed on a certain layer, so that the end of the first structural segment along the first direction forms a stepped installation surface. S2. Stepped, progressive installation of each structural segment: Along the first direction, perform the following operations on the next structural segment: First, install the bottommost block of the second structural segment adjacent to the first structural segment along the first direction; The blocks of the second structural segment are installed layer by layer upwards, and the uninstalled parts or all the blocks of the first structural segment are simultaneously filled in, so that the end of the second structural segment along the first direction forms a new stepped installation surface. S3. Repeat step S2 until the stepped mounting surface of the last structural segment is formed. Then, install all the blocks of the last structural segment from bottom to top along the first direction.

[0027] In the above illustrative embodiments, the gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method of this invention, by installing layers progressively in a decreasing manner within the first structural segment, ensures that there is no direct load above the bottommost block. When installing the second structural segment, the bottommost block closest to the first structural segment is installed first, utilizing the small settlement of these adjacent blocks to effectively reduce the settlement difference between adjacent blocks and improve installation accuracy. Simultaneously, during the progressive installation process, the stepped installation surface of the previous structural segment is simultaneously completed, ensuring uniform load application and avoiding the uneven load problem caused by existing layer-by-layer installation methods. Furthermore, this scheme adopts a unidirectional progressive installation of structural segments, with the crane vessel continuously advancing in one direction to complete the installation of a certain layer of blocks in a single structural segment, eliminating the need for large-scale back-movements or multiple round trips, resulting in a short total winch distance and high construction efficiency. In summary, this scheme has simple procedures, strong regularity, and facilitates construction organization and management, overcoming the shortcomings of complex procedures in existing stepped installation methods.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, adjacent layers of blocks are installed using blocks of different sizes with staggered joints. This staggered joint design ensures that the vertical joints between the upper and lower layers of blocks are not continuous, thus avoiding a continuous joint phenomenon, enhancing the interlocking effect between the blocks, and improving the overall stability and shear resistance of the wharf structure.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, in step S2, when installing the bottommost block of the second structural segment, the blocks are installed sequentially along the first direction, starting from the side closest to the first structural segment.

[0030] In some embodiments, for each block to be installed, the crane vessel is moved to the lifting position of the block for lifting. This embodiment ensures the accurate lifting position of each block, providing an operational basis for installation precision, and also facilitates standardized management of construction procedures.

[0031] In some embodiments, the length of each structural segment does not exceed 50m. By limiting the maximum length of each structural segment, the winch movement distance of the crane vessel within a single structural segment is limited. Combined with the unidirectional recursive installation sequence of this scheme, the total winch movement distance of the crane vessel is further shortened, which is beneficial to improving construction efficiency and facilitates the formation and construction organization of stepped installation surfaces within the structural segment.

[0032] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, the first direction is from the shore side of the wharf towards the offshore side, or from the offshore side of the wharf towards the shore side, or from the offshore side of the wharf towards the shore side. This arrangement allows the installation work to flexibly choose its starting point according to site conditions (such as the influence of wind and waves, equipment layout, etc.), advancing unidirectionally from one end to the other, or simultaneously from both sides towards the middle, which is beneficial for improving construction efficiency and adapting to different working conditions. As an illustrative example, Figure 3Construction of a medium gravity wharf begins at both ends and proceeds towards the center, installing blocks layer by layer. This method is particularly suitable for situations where the foundation has special geological features requiring deep excavation and backfilling reinforcement. Blocks on both sides can be installed layer by layer from the bottom up, simultaneously reinforcing the locally excavated foundation. Based on the matching progress of the side block installation with the localized deep foundation treatment, the final block is installed when the closure conditions are met. If the localized deep foundation reinforcement is completed before the side blocks reach the localized deep excavation area, the side blocks are continuously advanced to the center of the wharf for closure. If the localized deep foundation reinforcement lags behind, causing obstruction to one side of the block's progress, the installation of the obstructed side is suspended, while the other side continues to advance until the foundation treatment is completed. Then, both sides are simultaneously advanced to the localized deep excavation area for closure. The final block at the closure point is installed using matching wedge-shaped blocks for fitting and closing.

[0033] Example 1 The following example illustrates the block installation method for a gravity-type wharf. To clearly show the block installation sequence... Figure 2 Only three structural sections of this gravity-type wharf are shown. Settlement joints are provided between adjacent structural sections. Each structural section is 24m long, with a single-layer block height of 4m and a block length of 4m. The wharf cross-section is 10m wide, and the subgrade soil layer is a single soil layer with an effective unit weight of 12kN / m³. 3 ; soil layer Curves Figure 4 As shown, the installation method for multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf includes the following steps: S1. Forming a stepped mounting surface: For the first structural segment at the end, blocks are installed layer by layer from bottom to top, wherein: Install blocks 1-6 sequentially along the first direction on the bottom layer; The number of blocks installed in the upper layer is less than that in the adjacent lower layer, so that there is no direct load above the blocks at the end of the installation direction in the adjacent lower layer; the blocks in the two adjacent layers are installed with different sizes of blocks in a staggered manner; blocks numbered 7-11 are installed in the upper layer. The installation is repeated layer by layer upwards, with each layer having fewer blocks than the adjacent next layer, until only one block is installed on a certain layer, so that the end of the first structural segment along the first direction forms a stepped installation surface. S2. Stepped, progressive installation of each structural segment: Perform the following operations on the second structural segment along the first direction: First, install the bottom layer of blocks 17-22 of the second structural segment adjacent to the first structural segment along the first direction; The blocks of the second structural segment are installed layer by layer upwards, and the uninstalled parts or all the blocks of the first structural segment are simultaneously filled in, so that the end of the second structural segment along the first direction forms a new stepped installation surface. S3. Repeat step S2 until the stepped mounting surface of the last structural segment is formed. Then, install all the blocks of the last structural segment from bottom to top along the first direction.

[0034] Next, the settlement of block 22 in this embodiment is calculated to illustrate the beneficial effect of the gravity-type wharf block installation process provided by the present invention in controlling differential settlement. Block 22 is located in the second structural section, and the settlement value of block 22 represents the differential settlement between block 22 and block 43 when block 43 is installed. The present invention can effectively control the differential settlement between adjacent blocks in adjacent structural sections.

[0035] First, calculate the self-weight stress and additional stress at block 22 after block 42 is installed. The self-weight stress is calculated according to equation (1), and the additional stress is calculated according to the corner point method in the prior art. The expression of equation (1) is: (1); In equation (1), The stress is due to its own weight. In this embodiment, the effective unit weight of the soil layer is used. 12 kN / m3; To calculate the depth of the point from the Earth's surface.

[0036] Secondly, based on the calculated additional stress, refer to the soil layer The curve was used to find the porosity at different self-weight stresses and additional stresses; based on the porosity at different depths, the theoretical settlement value of block 22 was calculated to be 12.6 cm after block 42 was installed using formula (2).

[0037] (2); In equation (2), This represents the settlement value. This refers to the number of soil layers. The void ratio corresponding to the self-weight stress was determined by indoor consolidation tests. Found by curve; The void ratio corresponding to the sum of self-weight stress and additional stress, determined by indoor consolidation tests. Found by curve; This refers to the thickness of the soil layer. This is an empirical coefficient, taken here. .

[0038] Furthermore, according to equation (3), the soil consolidation degree at block 22 was calculated to be 9.51% when block 43 was installed. The expression for equation (3) is: (3); In equation (3), for The average degree of consolidation of the soil layer over time, in this embodiment It lasts for 8 days; This represents the cumulative value of the load on each block level; This refers to the load loading rate after block #42 has been installed; , These are the start and end times for installing blocks 36-42, respectively. The parameters are selected based on the drainage and consolidation conditions of the foundation soil.

[0039] Finally, the theoretical actual settlement value of block 22 was 12.6 × 9.51% = 1.2 cm. Therefore, this invention can effectively control the settlement difference between adjacent blocks in adjacent structural segments.

[0040] Through the description of several embodiments of the gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method of the present invention, it can be seen that the embodiments of the gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method of the present invention have at least one or more of the following advantages: 1. The gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method provided by the present invention installs the blocks layer by layer in the first structural section in a progressively decreasing manner, so that there is no direct load above the bottommost block. When installing the second structural section, the bottommost block closest to the first structural section is installed first. Taking advantage of the small settlement of the adjacent blocks, the settlement difference between adjacent blocks is effectively reduced and the installation accuracy is improved.

[0041] 2. The gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method provided by the present invention simultaneously completes the stepped installation surface of the previous structural section during the progressive installation process, so that the load is applied evenly and avoids the problem of uneven load caused by the existing layer-by-layer installation.

[0042] 3. The gravity-type wharf multi-layer block installation method provided by the present invention adopts unidirectional progressive installation of structural sections. The crane vessel continuously advances in one direction to complete the installation of a certain layer of blocks in a single structural section. There is no need for large-scale back-movement or multiple round trips. The total hoisting distance is short and the construction efficiency is high.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0044] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features without departing from the spirit of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf, the gravity-type wharf comprising several structural sections, with settlement joints provided between adjacent structural sections, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Forming a stepped mounting surface: For the first structural segment at the end, blocks are installed layer by layer from bottom to top, wherein: The bottom layer of blocks are installed sequentially along the first direction; The number of blocks installed in the upper layer is less than that in the adjacent lower layer, so that there is no direct load above the blocks located at the end of the installation direction in the adjacent lower layer; The installation is repeated layer by layer upwards, with each layer having fewer blocks than the adjacent next layer, until only one block is installed on a certain layer, so that the end of the first structural segment along the first direction forms a stepped installation surface. S2. Stepped, progressive installation of each structural segment: Along the first direction, perform the following operations on the next structural segment: First, install the bottommost block of the second structural segment adjacent to the first structural segment along the first direction; The blocks of the second structural segment are installed layer by layer upwards, and the uninstalled parts or all the blocks of the first structural segment are simultaneously filled in, so that the end of the second structural segment along the first direction forms a new stepped installation surface. S3. Repeat step S2 until the stepped mounting surface of the last structural segment is formed. Then, install all the blocks of the last structural segment from bottom to top along the first direction.

2. The method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that, The two adjacent layers of blocks are installed using blocks of different sizes with staggered joints.

3. The method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, when installing the bottommost block of the second structural segment, the blocks are installed sequentially along the first direction, starting from the side closest to the first structural segment.

4. The method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf according to claim 1, characterized in that, For each block to be installed, the crane vessel moves to the installation position of the block for hoisting.

5. The method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of each structural segment shall not exceed 50m.

6. The method for installing multi-layer blocks of a gravity-type wharf according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The first direction is the direction from the shore side of the pier towards the offshore side, or the direction from the offshore side of the pier towards the shore side.

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