Dynamic ring shear apparatus and dynamic ring shear test method

Abstract

The application relates to a dynamic ring shear apparatus and a dynamic ring shear test method. The dynamic ring shear apparatus comprises a rack, a shearing assembly, a driving assembly and an image recognition assembly. The rack comprises a pointer. The shearing assembly is connected with the rack. The shearing assembly comprises coaxially arranged upper and lower shearing boxes. A containing cavity is arranged between the upper and lower shearing boxes. A scale line is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the lower shearing box. The pointer points to the scale line. The driving assembly is connected with the lower shearing box. The driving assembly is used for driving the lower shearing box to rotate relative to the upper shearing box, so as to load a shearing force on a sample in the containing cavity. The image recognition assembly is used for acquiring a first scale and a second scale pointed by the pointer, and calculating the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shearing box according to the first scale and the second scale. The first scale is the reading of the scale line pointed by the pointer when the lower shearing box does not rotate relative to the upper shearing box for shearing. The second scale is the reading of the scale line pointed by the pointer after the lower shearing box rotates relative to the upper shearing box for shearing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of ring shearing apparatus, and in particular to a dynamic ring shearing apparatus and a dynamic ring shearing test method. Background Technology

[0002] A ring shear apparatus is a testing device used to study the residual stress in soil and rock under shear displacement. It plays an important role in the study of the formation and processes of geological disasters such as earthquakes, landslides, and debris flows. Currently, most mainstream ring shear apparatuses adopt a structure in which the lower shear box rotates while the upper shear box remains stationary, driven by a motor and reducer. By measuring the mechanical properties of soil and rock samples of different sizes under different shearing speeds through the relative rotation between the upper and lower shear surfaces.

[0003] The existing ring shearing apparatus relies solely on the motor output speed and reducer speed ratio to calculate the shearing parameters, which cannot automatically measure the shearing parameters in real time. This results in low data accuracy and restricts the reliability of the test results. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a dynamic ring shearing apparatus that can automatically calculate shearing parameters, thereby improving data accuracy and the reliability of test results.

[0005] This application provides a dynamic ring shearing apparatus, which includes a frame, a shearing assembly, a driving assembly, and an image recognition assembly. The frame includes a pointer. The shearing assembly is connected to the frame and includes an upper shear box and a lower shear box coaxially arranged, with a receiving cavity between the upper and lower shear boxes for storing a sample. The outer circumferential surface of the lower shear box has graduation lines, and the pointer points to these graduation lines. The driving assembly is connected to the lower shear box and is used to drive the lower shear box to rotate relative to the upper shear box, thereby applying shear force to the sample in the receiving cavity. The image recognition assembly is disposed on the frame and is used to acquire the first and second graduations pointed to by the pointer, and to calculate the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box based on the first and second graduations. The first scale is the reading of the pointer when the lower shear box has not rotated relative to the upper shear box for shearing, and the second scale is the reading of the pointer when the lower shear box has rotated relative to the upper shear box for shearing.

[0006] The dynamic ring shear apparatus of this application, by coaxially arranging an upper and lower shear box to form a cavity for storing the sample, achieves stable shearing of the sample within the cavity through a drive assembly connected to the lower shear box. By setting graduation lines on the outer circumference of the lower shear box and having a pointer point to these graduation lines, the alignment of the graduation lines and the pointer provides a recognition reference for the image recognition component. This allows the image recognition component to accurately identify the initial first graduation and the second graduation after shearing, enabling it to monitor the rotational value of the lower shear box relative to the upper shear box in real time and automatically calculate the rotation angle and speed of the lower shear box. This achieves direct calculation of shearing parameters, overcoming the limitations of mechanical parameter estimation, significantly improving the accuracy of shearing parameter data, and thus enhancing the reliability of the test results.

[0007] In some feasible implementations, the rack also includes a base, on which the pointer and lower clipboard are both located.

[0008] In some feasible implementations, the dynamic ring shear also includes a control system, and an image recognition component including an imaging component. The imaging component is electrically connected to the control system and connected to the base. The imaging component is used to acquire image data of the scale pointed to by the pointer and to send the image data to the control system. The control system is used to receive the image data and calculate the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box based on the image data.

[0009] In some feasible implementations, the image recognition component also includes a supplementary lighting component, which is disposed on the base and is used to compensate for light to assist the imaging component in acquiring image data.

[0010] In some possible implementations, the drive assembly includes a first drive motor and a transmission assembly, the first drive motor being connected to the transmission assembly, the transmission assembly being connected to the lower shear box, and the first drive motor and the transmission assembly being used to drive the lower shear box to rotate relative to the upper shear box.

[0011] In some feasible implementations, the dynamic ring shear also includes a control system, which includes a vibration simulation unit electrically connected to a first drive motor to control the vibration frequency applied to the shearing assembly via the first drive motor.

[0012] In some feasible implementations, the dynamic ring shear apparatus also includes a clamping assembly comprising a pressure plate, a first force transmission shaft, and a pressure cap. The pressure plate is disposed within a receiving cavity, and the first force transmission shaft connects the pressure plate and the pressure cap, which are spaced apart vertically from the pressure plate. The dynamic ring shear apparatus also includes a force loading device connected to the pressure cap, used to drive the pressure plate to apply vertical pressure to the sample via the pressure cap and the first force transmission shaft.

[0013] In some feasible implementations, the dynamic ring shear also includes a control system and a displacement sensor, which measures the displacement of the gland in the vertical direction. Both the force loading device and the displacement sensor are electrically connected to the control system.

[0014] In some feasible implementations, the dynamic ring shear also includes a control system, a transition flange, and a torque sensor. The transition flange is slidably connected to the first force transmission shaft in the vertical direction. The transition flange is positioned above the pressure plate in the vertical direction. The torque sensor is connected to the transition flange to measure the shearing torque of the lower shear box rotating relative to the upper shear box. The torque sensor is electrically connected to the control system.

[0015] This application provides a dynamic ring shear test method, including: Provide dynamic ring shearing equipment; Provide the sample and place it in the receiving cavity; The image recognition component obtains the first tick mark pointed to by the pointer; Start the drive assembly, which drives the lower shear box to rotate relative to the upper shear box, thus shearing the sample. After cutting, the image recognition component obtains the second tick mark pointed to by the pointer; The rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box are calculated based on the first and second scales. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The features, advantages, and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dynamic ring shear device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 2 A partial structural schematic diagram of a dynamic ring shear device from a first-view perspective, provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving component provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of a dynamic ring shear device from a second perspective, provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 5 A partial structural schematic diagram of a dynamic ring shear device from a third-view perspective, provided for some embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the force loading device provided in some embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating the dynamic ring shear test method provided in some embodiments of this application.

[0018] The accompanying drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Rack; 10. Pointer; 11. Base; 12. Columns; 13. Bottom shell; 14. Support beam assembly; 141. First support beam; 142. Second support beam; 143. Third support beam; 15. Second force transmission shaft; 16. Third force transmission shaft; 17. Connecting plate; 2. Cutting component; 21. Upper clipboard; 211. Transparent viewport; 22. Lower clipboard; 3. Driver components; 31. First drive motor; 311. Servo motor; 312. Reducer; 32. Transmission assembly; 321. Expansion sleeve; 322. Adapter shaft; 323. First gear; 324. Turntable bearing; 3241. Second gear; 4. Image recognition component; 41. Imaging assembly; 411. Camera mount; 412. Camera; 413. Lens; 42. Fill light assembly; 5. Clamping assembly; 51. Upper shear box connecting plate; 52. First force transmission shaft; 53. Capping; 54. Bushing; 6. Force loading device; 61. Force loading component; 62. Central shaft; 63. Tension / compression sensor; 64. Compression nut; 7. Transition flange; 81. Temperature sensor; 82. Water pressure sensor; 83. Displacement sensor; 831. Displacement sensor bracket; 84. Torque sensor; 9. Second drive motor. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0021] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used in the description of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, in the description, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. The terms "first," "second," etc., in the description, claims, or accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order or hierarchy.

[0022] In this application, the reference to "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "attachment" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In the embodiments of this application, the same reference numerals denote the same components, and for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments. It should be understood that the thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of various components in the embodiments of this application shown in the accompanying drawings, as well as the overall thickness, length, width, and other dimensions of the integrated device, are merely illustrative and should not constitute any limitation on this application.

[0025] In this application, "multiple" means two or more (including two).

[0026] See Figures 1 to 2 As shown in the figure, this application provides a dynamic ring shearing device, which includes a frame 1, a shearing component 2, a driving component 3, and an image recognition component 4.

[0027] The frame 1 includes a pointer 10. A shearing assembly 2 is connected to the frame 1. The shearing assembly 2 includes an upper shear box 21 and a lower shear box 22 coaxially arranged, with a receiving cavity (not shown in the figure) between the upper and lower shear boxes 21 and 22. The receiving cavity is used to store the sample. A scale line is provided on the outer circumference of the lower shear box 22, and the pointer 10 points to the scale line. A drive assembly 3 is connected to the lower shear box 22 and is used to drive the lower shear box 22 to rotate relative to the upper shear box 21, thereby applying shear force to the sample in the receiving cavity. An image recognition assembly 4 is disposed on the frame 1. The image recognition assembly 4 is used to acquire the first and second scale lines pointed to by the pointer 10, and calculate the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box 22 based on the first and second scale lines. The first scale line is the reading of the scale line pointed to by the pointer 10 when the lower shear box 22 is not rotating relative to the upper shear box 21 during shearing; the second scale line is the reading of the scale line pointed to by the pointer 10 after the lower shear box 22 has rotated relative to the upper shear box 21 during shearing.

[0028] In some feasible ways, the first graduation can be the degree of the initial graduation line pointed to by the pointer when the dynamic ring shearer has not started shearing, or the degree of the graduation line pointed to by the pointer when a pause occurs during shearing.

[0029] In some feasible implementations, the dynamic ring shearing device also includes a control system (not shown in the figure), which incorporates a vision algorithm unit.

[0030] In some examples, the control system may be, but is not limited to, a computer.

[0031] In some feasible methods, the sample to be sheared is prepared and evenly laid in the receiving cavity between the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22. The image recognition component 4 is activated to acquire the scale reading pointed to by the pointer 10 and record it as the first scale. The drive component 3 is activated, which drives the lower shear box 22 to rotate smoothly relative to the fixed upper shear box 21, thereby applying a continuous and stable shearing force to the sample in the receiving cavity. During the shearing process, the image recognition component 4 is activated again to acquire the scale reading pointed to by the pointer 10 at this time and record it as the second scale. The image recognition component 4 uploads the recorded first and second scales to the control system. Through the vision algorithm in the control system, the acquired first and second scales are processed, and the rotation angle of the lower shear box 22 is calculated by combining the scale division value. Then, based on the actual duration of the shearing process, the rotation speed of the lower shear box 22 is further calculated to achieve accurate acquisition of shearing parameters.

[0032] The dynamic ring shear apparatus of this application embodiment forms a cavity for storing samples by coaxially arranging the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22. A drive assembly 3 is connected to the lower shear box 22 to achieve stable shearing of the samples within the cavity. By setting scale lines on the outer circumference of the lower shear box 22 and having a pointer 10 point to these scale lines, the scale lines and pointer 10 work together to provide a recognition reference for the image recognition assembly 4. This allows the image recognition assembly 4 to accurately identify the initial first scale mark pointed to by the pointer 10 and the second scale mark after shearing. The image recognition assembly 4 can monitor the scale value of the rotation of the lower shear box 22 relative to the upper shear box 21 in real time and automatically calculate the rotation angle and speed of the lower shear box 22. This achieves direct calculation of shearing parameters, overcoming the limitations of mechanical parameter estimation, significantly improving the accuracy of shearing parameter data, and thus enhancing the reliability of the test results.

[0033] In some feasible implementations, a transparent window 211 is provided on the outer wall of the upper shear box 21, which facilitates observation of the sample condition inside the receiving cavity during the shearing process. Simultaneously, an industrial camera can be used to acquire information about the sample condition inside the receiving cavity through the transparent window 211.

[0034] See also some of the possible implementation methods. Figure 4 As shown, the dynamic ring shearing apparatus also includes a temperature sensor 81 and a water pressure sensor 82. Both the temperature sensor 81 and the water pressure sensor 82 are electrically connected to the control system and are connected to the upper shearing box 21. They are used to measure the temperature and pressure changes of the sample in the receiving cavity during the shearing process and upload the temperature and pressure changes of the sample in the receiving cavity to the control system.

[0035] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 2 As shown, the frame 1 also includes a base 11, and the pointer 10 and the lower shear box 22 are both disposed on the base 11.

[0036] By integrating the pointer 10 and the lower shear box 22 onto the base 11 of the frame 1, the relative positions of the two are fixed, reducing the possibility of scale pointing deviation caused by equipment vibration or installation offset during the shearing process, and ensuring the stability and consistency of scale data acquired by the image recognition component 4.

[0037] In some possible implementations, the frame 1 also includes a column 12, a bottom housing 13, and a support beam assembly 14. The bottom housing 13 is disposed at the bottom of the base 11, and the column 12 connects the base 11 and the support beam assembly 14. The base 11 and the support beam assembly 14 are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The bottom housing 13 is used to fix the drive assembly 3 and the force loading device 6.

[0038] In some examples, the drive assembly 3 and the force loading device 6 may be connected to the bottom housing 13 by bolts, but not limited to.

[0039] In some feasible implementations, the frame 1 further includes a second force transmission shaft 15, a third force transmission shaft 16, and a second drive motor 9. The support beam assembly 14 includes a first support beam 141, a second support beam 142, and a third support beam 143, which are sequentially spaced vertically. The second drive motor 9 is positioned above the first support beam 141 and is connected to the second force transmission shaft 15, applying vertical pressure to the second force transmission shaft 15. The second force transmission shaft 15 connects the first support beam 141 and the second support beam 142. One end of the third force transmission shaft 16 is connected to the bottom of the second support beam 142, and the other end is connected to the upper shear box connecting plate 51. The third support beam 143 is connected to a torque sensor 84.

[0040] After the sample is evenly laid in the cavity between the upper shear box 21 and the lower shear box 22, the second drive motor 9 starts and drives the first support beam 141 to move vertically downward, which in turn drives the second force transmission shaft 15 to move vertically downward synchronously. The second force transmission shaft 15 transmits the vertical downward pressure to the second support beam 142, causing the second support beam 142 to drive the third force transmission shaft 16 to move downward. Finally, the third force transmission shaft 16 drives the upper shear box connecting plate 51 to move downward. The upper shear box connecting plate 51 is pressed against the upper shear box 21 and the upper shear box connecting plate 51 closes the cavity.

[0041] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 2 As shown, the dynamic ring shearing device also includes a control system (not shown in the figure). The image recognition component 4 includes an imaging component 41, which is electrically connected to the control system and connected to the base 11. The imaging component 41 is used to acquire image data of the scale pointed to by the pointer 10 and to send the image data to the control system. The control system is used to receive the image data and calculate the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shearing box 22 based on the image data.

[0042] By adding a control system and electrically connecting it to the imaging component 41, the scale image data acquired by the imaging component 41 can be uploaded to the control system in real time. The control system then uses a visual algorithm to calculate parameters, effectively reducing operational errors and improving image data processing efficiency. By fixing the imaging component 41 to the base 11, the imaging angle is ensured to be stable, reducing the possibility of image blurring and detail loss due to shooting angle deviation, ensuring the clarity and integrity of image data, providing high-quality data support for the accurate calculation of the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box 22, and facilitating closed-loop feedback of shearing parameters.

[0043] In some possible implementations, the imaging assembly 41 includes a camera mount 411, a camera 412, and a lens 413, with the camera mount 411 connected to the base 11 to secure the camera 412 and the lens 413, and the lens 413 connected to the camera 412.

[0044] The camera bracket 411, fixedly connected to the base 11, precisely fixes the camera 412 and lens 413 in a preset position, ensuring that the optical axis of the lens 413 is always aligned with the area where the scale line on the outer periphery of the lower shear box 22 coincides with the pointer 10, reducing the possibility of imaging angle shift due to equipment vibration or component displacement during the test. The lens 413, adapted to the camera 412, focuses light according to the working distance between the pointer 10 and the scale line and the imaging field of view requirements, clearly projecting the details of the tip of the pointer 10 and the corresponding scale line into the camera 412 to form image data. The camera 412 transmits the image data to the control system, realizing the accurate acquisition of the scale image data pointed to by the pointer 10.

[0045] In some examples, camera 412 can be, but is not limited to, an industrial area scan camera.

[0046] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 2 As shown, the image recognition component 4 also includes a supplementary lighting component 42, which is disposed on the base 11. The supplementary lighting component 42 is used to compensate for light to assist the imaging component 41 in acquiring image data.

[0047] The supplementary lighting component 42 can specifically compensate for the insufficient light in the test environment, providing uniform and sufficient lighting conditions for the imaging component 41, reducing the possibility of blurred scale images and unclear boundaries between pointer 10 and scale lines caused by factors such as dim light and reflection, so that the image recognition component 4 can accurately capture the correspondence between the tip of pointer 10 and scale lines, and improve the accuracy of scale data recognition.

[0048] In some examples, the fill light component 42 may be, but is not limited to, a fill light.

[0049] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 3 As shown, the drive assembly 3 includes a first drive motor 31 and a transmission assembly 32. The first drive motor 31 is connected to the transmission assembly 32, and the transmission assembly 32 is connected to the lower shear box 22. The first drive motor 31 and the transmission assembly 32 are used to drive the lower shear box 22 to rotate relative to the upper shear box 21.

[0050] The drive assembly 3 adopts a structure in which the first drive motor 31 and the transmission assembly 32 cooperate. The transmission assembly 32 can improve the power transmission efficiency, reduce power loss, ensure the rotation speed of the lower shear box 22 is stable during rotation, reduce the possibility of uneven shearing loading caused by power fluctuations, and improve the accuracy of shearing parameter calculation.

[0051] In some possible implementations, the first drive motor 31 may include, but is not limited to, a servo motor 311 and a reducer 312.

[0052] In some feasible embodiments, the transmission assembly 32 includes a shrink sleeve 321, a transition shaft 322, a first gear 323, and a turntable bearing 324. One end of the transition shaft 322 is connected to the reducer 312 via the shrink sleeve 321, and the other end of the transition shaft 322 is connected to the first gear 323. A second gear 3241 is provided on the outer ring of the turntable bearing 324, and the first gear 323 and the second gear 3241 are meshed together. The inner ring of the turntable bearing 324 is connected to the base 11, and the outer ring of the turntable bearing 324 is connected to the lower shear box 22.

[0053] In some examples, the first gear 323 and the second gear 3241 may be, but are not limited to, backlash-free gears. Backlash-free gears can eliminate the backlash error between the first gear 323 and the second gear 3241 during forward and reverse rotation, thereby improving the measurement accuracy of the rotation angle of the lower shear box 22.

[0054] In some examples, the outer ring of the turntable bearing 324 may be connected to the lower shear box 22 via, but is not limited to, an adapter flange.

[0055] After the servo motor 311 starts, it outputs power. The output power is first adjusted in speed and amplified in torque by the reducer 312. The expansion sleeve 321 is stably connected to the output end of the reducer 312, and the power is smoothly transmitted to the first gear 323 connected to the other end of the adapter shaft 322. Since the first gear 323 is meshed with the second gear 3241 set on the outer periphery of the turntable bearing 324, the power is transmitted to the turntable bearing 324 through gear meshing. The outer ring of the turntable bearing 324 is connected to the lower shear box 22 through the adapter flange, which drives the lower shear box 22 to rotate smoothly relative to the fixed upper shear box 21, so as to shear the sample in the receiving cavity.

[0056] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 3 As shown, the dynamic ring shear also includes a control system, which includes a vibration simulation unit electrically connected to the first drive motor 31 to control the vibration frequency applied to the shearing assembly 2 by the first drive motor 31.

[0057] The vibration simulation unit added to the control system is electrically connected to the first drive motor 31. It can convert the input seismic wave signal into a control signal that the first drive motor 31 can recognize. The first drive motor 31 loads the corresponding vibration frequency onto the shear component 2 to realize the simulated shear test under seismic conditions.

[0058] In some feasible implementations, a preset vibration frequency is input to the vibration simulation unit via a control system. The vibration simulation unit receives this frequency and converts it into a control signal recognizable by the first drive motor 31. The control signal is transmitted to the first drive motor 31, which adjusts its output speed and operating frequency according to the control signal, thereby generating power output corresponding to the vibration frequency. Subsequently, the power from the first drive motor 31 is transmitted to the lower shear box 22 of the shear assembly 2 via the transmission assembly 32. Through the periodic rotation of the lower shear box 22 relative to the upper shear box 21, the vibration energy is transferred to the sample in the receiving cavity, thus loading the shear assembly 2 with the preset vibration frequency.

[0059] In some examples, the preset vibration frequency is 0.75 Hz to 15 Hz.

[0060] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 4 As shown, the dynamic ring shear apparatus also includes a clamping assembly 5, which includes a pressure plate (not shown in the figure), a first force transmission shaft 52, and a pressure cover 53. The pressure plate is disposed within the receiving cavity, and the first force transmission shaft 52 connects the pressure plate and the pressure cover 53. The pressure cover 53 and the pressure plate are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The dynamic ring shear apparatus also includes a force loading device 6, which is connected to the pressure cover 53 and is used to drive the pressure plate to apply vertical pressure to the sample through the pressure cover 53 and the first force transmission shaft 52.

[0061] The clamping assembly 5, through the coordinated action of the pressure plate, the first force transmission shaft 52, and the pressure cap 53, along with the force loading device 6, can apply uniform and stable vertical pressure to the sample within the cavity, meeting the shear test requirements under different normal force conditions. The pressure plate acts directly on the sample surface, and the first force transmission shaft 52 ensures that the pressure is uniformly transmitted from top to bottom, reducing the possibility of test deviations caused by uneven local force on the sample and ensuring the stability of the sample shearing process.

[0062] In some possible implementations, the clamping assembly 5 also includes a bushing 54, through which the first force transmission shaft 52 is connected to the pressure plate.

[0063] In some feasible embodiments, the top of the pressure cap 53 is provided with a groove (not shown in the figure), and the force loading device 6 is connected to the groove. When the pressure cap 53 and the force loading device 6 are assembled, the groove can be used for positioning.

[0064] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 6 As shown, the force loading device 6 includes a force loading component 61, a central shaft 62, a tension / compression sensor 63, and a clamping nut 64. One end of the central shaft 62 is connected to the force loading component 61, and the other end of the central shaft 62 is connected to the tension / compression sensor 63. The clamping nut 64 is connected to the tension / compression sensor 63, and the clamping nut 64 is in contact with the pressure cap 53.

[0065] The force loading component 61 outputs vertical pressure, which is transmitted to the tension / compression sensor 63 via the central shaft 62. The tension / compression sensor 63 monitors the pressure in real time and smoothly transmits the pressure to the clamping nut 64 connected to it. The clamping nut 64 transmits the pressure to the pressure cap 53. The pressure cap 53 receives the pressure and accurately transmits it to the first force transmission shaft 52. The first force transmission shaft 52 is firmly connected to the pressure plate through the bushing 54, thereby driving the pressure plate to move downward in the vertical direction. Finally, it uniformly applies vertical pressure to the sample in the receiving cavity. At the same time, the tension / compression sensor 63 feeds back the monitored pressure data to the control system, forming a closed-loop control of normal force (force in the vertical direction), which improves the accuracy and stability of pressure loading.

[0066] In some examples, the top of the gland 53 is provided with a groove, and at least a portion of the clamping nut 64 is located within the groove.

[0067] In some examples, the force loading element 61 may be, but is not limited to, a servo electric cylinder.

[0068] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 5 As shown, the dynamic ring shearing device also includes a control system and a displacement sensor 83. The displacement sensor 83 is used to measure the displacement of the pressure plate 53 in the vertical direction. Both the force loading device 6 and the displacement sensor 83 are electrically connected to the control system.

[0069] By setting up displacement sensor 83, displacement sensor 83 can monitor the vertical displacement of pressure cap 53 in real time and feed the displacement data back to the control system. The control system can combine the real-time pressure data of force loading device 6 to realize the synchronous acquisition and linkage analysis of normal force and normal displacement (vertical displacement) data, enrich the dimensions of test data, and make the dynamic ring shear instrument collect shear parameters more comprehensively.

[0070] In some possible implementations, the frame 1 also includes a connecting plate 17 connected to the base 11. The dynamic ring shear also includes a displacement sensor bracket 831 connected to the connecting plate 17 for fixing the displacement sensor 83.

[0071] In some feasible ways, the displacement sensor 83 is pre-installed on the displacement sensor bracket 831 and aligned with the pressure cap 53. When the force loading device 6 applies vertical pressure to the pressure cap 53 and drives the pressure cap 53 to move synchronously in the vertical direction with the first force transmission shaft 52, the displacement sensor 83 acquires the position change of the pressure cap 53 in real time and transmits the normal displacement of the pressure cap 53 to the control system.

[0072] In some feasible ways, such as Figure 4As shown, the dynamic ring shear also includes a control system, a transition flange 7, and a torque sensor 84. The transition flange 7 is slidably connected to the first force transmission shaft 52 in the vertical direction. In the vertical direction, the transition flange 7 is located above the pressure cover 53. The torque sensor 84 is connected to the transition flange 7 to measure the shearing torque of the lower shear box 22 rotating relative to the upper shear box 21. The torque sensor 84 is electrically connected to the control system.

[0073] By setting the transition flange 7 to be slidably connected to the first force transmission shaft 52 in the vertical direction, the transition flange 7 can not interfere with the normal transmission of vertical force loading, and can also collect the shear torque generated by the relative rotation of the lower shear box 22 through the torque sensor 84, and can upload the shear torque data to the control system in real time, realizing multi-dimensional acquisition of shear parameters.

[0074] In some feasible implementations, the torque sensor 84, connected to the transition flange 7, generates a shear torque when the shear box 22 rotates relative to the upper shear box 21 under the drive of the drive assembly 3, applying a shear force to the sample in the receiving cavity. This shear torque is transmitted to the transition flange 7 via the first force transmission shaft 52 and then acts on the torque sensor 84. The torque sensor 84 monitors the shear torque transmitted by the transition flange 7 in real time and transmits the monitored shear torque to the control system.

[0075] like Figure 7 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a dynamic ring shear test method is provided, including: Provide dynamic ring shearing equipment; Provide the sample and place it in the receiving cavity; Image recognition component 4 obtains the first tick mark pointed to by pointer 10; Start drive assembly 3, drive assembly 3 drives the lower shear box 22 to rotate relative to the upper shear box 21, shearing the sample; After cutting, the image recognition component 4 obtains the second scale indicated by pointer 10; The rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box 22 are calculated based on the first and second scales.

[0076] In some feasible methods, the sample to be sheared is first prepared and evenly laid in the receiving cavity. Then, the image recognition component 4 connected to the base 11 of the frame 1 is activated to obtain the reading of the outer scale line of the lower shear box 22 pointed to by the pointer 10 at this time and record it as the first scale. Next, the drive component 3 is activated, the first drive motor 31 outputs power, which is transmitted to the first gear 323 through the expansion sleeve 321 and the adapter shaft 322. The first gear 323 meshes with the second gear 3241 on the outer circumference of the turntable bearing 324, which drives the lower shear box 22 connected to the outer ring of the turntable bearing 324 to rotate smoothly relative to the fixed upper shear box 21. At the same time, if it is necessary to simulate the earthquake condition, a preset vibration frequency of 0.75Hz to 15Hz can be input through the vibration simulation unit of the control system, and the lower shear box 22 is driven by the first drive motor 31 to rotate periodically to load the corresponding vibration frequency.

[0077] During the shearing process, the sample status can be observed through the transparent viewing window 211 on the outer wall of the upper shearing box 21. Temperature sensor 81 and water pressure sensor 82 monitor the temperature and pressure changes of the sample in real time. Torque sensor 84 collects the shearing torque through transition flange 7 and uploads it to the control system. Displacement sensor 83 monitors the vertical displacement data of pressure cap 53 in real time. Force loading device 6 drives pressure plate to apply uniform vertical pressure to the sample through pressure cap 53 and first force transmission shaft 52. Tension and compression sensor 63 provides real-time feedback of pressure data. The control system can form a closed-loop control of the parameters collected during the shearing process.

[0078] After cutting, the image recognition component 4 is activated again to obtain the reading of the scale line pointed to by the pointer 10 and record it as the second scale. Finally, the control system processes the data of the first and second scales through the vision algorithm unit, calculates the rotation angle of the lower shear box 22 by combining the scale line division value, and calculates the rotation speed of the lower shear box 22 according to the actual cutting time, thus completing the accurate acquisition of the cutting parameters.

[0079] Although this application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications can be made thereto and components can be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope of this application. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any manner, provided there is no structural conflict. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dynamic ring shearing device, characterized in that, include: Rack, including pointers; A shearing assembly is connected to the frame. The shearing assembly includes an upper shearing box and a lower shearing box arranged coaxially. A receiving cavity is provided between the upper shearing box and the lower shearing box for storing samples. A scale line is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the lower shearing box, and the pointer points to the scale line. A driving assembly, connected to the lower shear box, is used to drive the lower shear box to rotate relative to the upper shear box in order to apply shear force to the sample in the receiving cavity; An image recognition component is disposed on the frame. The image recognition component is used to acquire the first and second scales pointed to by the pointer, and to calculate the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box based on the first and second scales. Wherein, the first scale is the reading of the pointer pointing to the scale line when the lower shear box has not rotated relative to the upper shear box for cutting, and the second scale is the reading of the pointer pointing to the scale line after the lower shear box has rotated relative to the upper shear box for cutting.

2. The dynamic ring shearing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The frame also includes a base, and the pointer and the lower shear box are both disposed on the base.

3. The dynamic ring shearing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dynamic ring shearing device also includes a control system. The image recognition component includes an imaging component, which is electrically connected to the control system and connected to the base. The imaging component is used to acquire image data of the scale pointed to by the pointer and to send the image data to the control system. The control system is used to receive the image data and calculate the rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shearing box based on the image data.

4. The dynamic ring shearing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The image recognition component also includes a supplementary lighting component, which is disposed on the base and is used to compensate for light to assist the imaging component in acquiring image data.

5. The dynamic ring shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a first drive motor and a transmission assembly. The first drive motor is connected to the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly is connected to the lower shear box. The first drive motor and the transmission assembly are used to drive the lower shear box to rotate relative to the upper shear box.

6. The dynamic ring shearing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dynamic ring shearing device also includes a control system, which includes a vibration simulation unit electrically connected to the first drive motor to control the vibration frequency applied to the shearing component by the first drive motor.

7. The dynamic ring shearing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The dynamic ring shearing device further includes a clamping assembly, which includes a pressure plate, a first force transmission shaft, and a pressure cover. The pressure plate is disposed within the receiving cavity, and the first force transmission shaft connects the pressure plate and the pressure cover. The pressure cover and the pressure plate are spaced apart in the vertical direction. The dynamic ring shearing apparatus also includes a force loading device, which is connected to the pressure cap and is used to drive the pressure plate to apply pressure along the vertical direction to the sample through the pressure cap and the first force transmission shaft.

8. The dynamic ring shearing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dynamic ring shearing device also includes a control system and a displacement sensor. The displacement sensor is used to measure the displacement of the pressure plate along the vertical direction. Both the force loading device and the displacement sensor are electrically connected to the control system.

9. The dynamic ring shearing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dynamic ring shearing device also includes a control system, a transition flange, and a torque sensor. The transition flange is slidably connected to the first force transmission shaft along the vertical direction. Along the vertical direction, the transition flange is disposed above the pressure cover. The torque sensor is connected to the transition flange to measure the shearing torque of the lower shearing box rotating relative to the upper shearing box. The torque sensor is electrically connected to the control system.

10. A dynamic ring shear test method, characterized in that, include: Provide a dynamic ring shearing device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; A sample is provided, and the sample is placed in the receiving cavity; The image recognition component obtains the first scale indicated by the pointer; The drive assembly is activated, which drives the lower shear box to rotate relative to the upper shear box, thereby shearing the sample. After cutting, the image recognition component obtains the second scale indicated by the pointer; The rotation angle and rotation speed of the lower shear box are calculated based on the first and second scales.

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