A method and system for identifying unknowns in oilfield processes

Abstract

The application provides an oil field process unknown object identification method and system, which identifies and calibrates the shape information and smell information of a target unknown object; comprehensively analyzes the basic identification result of the target unknown object, separates the unknown object sample according to a matched separation method selected according to the target unknown object, and obtains an organic matter part sample and an inorganic matter part sample of the unknown object; then, the organic matter part sample and the inorganic matter part sample of the target unknown object are identified by using set identification rules, and the composition and information of the organic matter part and the inorganic matter part of the unknown object are determined; finally, the composition and information of the target unknown object are comprehensively analyzed by comprehensively analyzing the basic identification result, the composition and information of the organic matter part and the inorganic matter part of the target unknown object. The scheme can overcome the problem that the existing technology is not comprehensive in identification purposes, quickly and reliably identifies and analyzes the composition of the oil field unknown object, and accurately provides scientific guidance for the safety production of the oil field in a timely manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas process unknown substance identification technology, and in particular to a method and system for identifying oilfield process unknown substances. Background Technology

[0002] As oilfield exploration and development deepens, various extraction, storage, and transportation equipment are experiencing varying degrees of corrosion and blockage. In recent years, the number of samples containing unknown substances at oilfield sites has increased dramatically. These samples have been found in various locations, including well casings, nozzles, pipelines, valves, separators, and flame arresters. These problems not only affect production efficiency but also pose long-term safety hazards. Therefore, it is crucial to promptly identify blockages and corrosion, analyze their composition, and design appropriate solutions to address these issues and eliminate potential hazards, ensuring the safe and normal operation of all equipment.

[0003] However, currently, domestic and international oilfield testing and analysis institutions lack universally applicable and comprehensive methods for identifying and analyzing common unknown substances in oilfields. There are also no national or industry-published corresponding method standards. Some technical solutions can only identify a specific component in the unknown substance, failing to achieve comprehensive identification. For example, patent document CN207013134U provides a small-scale oilfield micron-level magnetic particle sorting device for separating magnetic substances. A horizontal vibrator is used to vibrate the sample in the tray; an electromagnet is used to generate an electromagnetic field, and a liner can adsorb magnetic substances from the sample on the tray under the electromagnetic field and vibration. This is applied to the qualitative and quantitative analysis of magnetic substances in oilfield unknown substance analysis. Patent document CN117384661A provides a method for tracing the source of blockages located at high points in crude oil distillation units. By collecting blockages from specific locations, pre-treating them, and then testing and analyzing them, the elemental composition and physical properties of the blockages are analyzed to determine the structure of the functional groups contained in the blockages; suitable oilfield chemical agents are selected; crude oil is processed according to formation and gathering / transportation conditions; and a depressurization side-stream fraction analysis is performed after simulating the crude oil processing process. This solution is mainly aimed at the blockages in the high parts of crude oil distillation units, which are mainly caused by the use of oilfield chemicals. The components are mainly organic matter. It is only effective for some unknown blockages containing magnetic materials and oilfield chemicals, and its practicality is insufficient.

[0004] Patent document CN115615864A provides a method for separating and detecting scale and blockage substances in oilfield samples. The method involves coarsely grinding and mixing the scale and blockage substances to obtain a sample, removing moisture to prepare an air-dried sample, and recording the dehydration quality. The air-dried sample is then subjected to ash content analysis, thermogravimetric analysis, and thermal pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The sample is then extracted stepwise with an organic solvent to obtain soluble and insoluble substances, which are then analyzed. After centrifugation, the residue is separated, and the supernatant is used for dissolved metal concentration analysis. The residue is then extracted stepwise with reagents, and the metal concentration in the residue is detected. The results are then analyzed comprehensively. However, this technique is suitable for scale and blockage substances containing metal elements, and its comprehensiveness and practicality are insufficient. Patent document CN109100255A provides a method for separating and analyzing the components of plugging materials in oilfield injection and production wells. The method involves observing the morphology and compositional characteristics of the plugging material's composite structure, removing moisture from the sample, extracting the sample with a mixed solvent, separating it into extracts and residues, and calculating the yield. The extracts undergo four-component separation and chemical characterization analysis. The residues undergo ash analysis, with the ash content weighed and calculated, and chemical characterization analysis performed. The residues are then dissolved in hydrochloric acid, extracted, allowed to stand for layering, and filtered. Hydrofluoric acid-insoluble substances are taken, dissolved in hydrofluoric acid, extracted, allowed to stand for layering, and filtered. Both of these methods obtain detailed elemental compositions of each component through targeted analytical techniques. However, in the detection of inorganic ash, there is a possibility that reducing substances may be oxidized during ashing, leading to differences between the measured ash components and the substances in the original sample. Furthermore, this method is not suitable for the reliable identification of diverse and unknown plugging materials and corrosive substances in oilfields.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method for identifying unknown substances in oilfields that can quickly and reliably determine their composition. This would allow for the design of appropriate solutions to address issues such as blockage and corrosion, providing timely and accurate scientific guidance for safe production in oilfields and fundamental support for the normal operation of extraction, storage, and transportation equipment.

[0006] The information disclosed in the background section of this invention is intended only to enhance the understanding of the general background of this invention, and should not be construed as an admission or in any way implying that such information constitutes prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a method for identifying unknown substances in oilfield processes. This method overcomes the limitations of existing technologies in identifying comprehensive components, enabling rapid and reliable identification and analysis of the components of unknown substances in oilfields, and providing timely and accurate scientific guidance for safe production in oilfields. The method involves identifying and labeling the morphological and odor information of the target unknown substance; comprehensively analyzing the basic identification results of the target unknown substance; and separating the unknown substance sample using a matching separation method to obtain organic and inorganic components. Then, the organic and inorganic components of the target unknown substance are identified separately using pre-defined identification rules to determine their composition and information. Finally, the basic identification results, the composition and information of the organic and inorganic components of the target unknown substance are comprehensively analyzed to determine its composition and characteristic parameters. Preferably, in one embodiment, the method includes:

[0008] Step S1: Identify and calibrate the shape information of the initial target unknown object, generate shape identification and calibration information of the unknown object, and at the same time receive the odor identification and calibration information of the unknown object entered by relevant staff.

[0009] Step S2: Based on the combined odor recognition calibration information and shape recognition calibration information, determine the basic identification result of the target unknown object. Based on the basic identification result, select a matching separation method to separate the unknown object sample, and obtain the organic part sample and the inorganic part sample of the unknown object.

[0010] Step S3: Using the established identification rules, the organic component of the target unknown substance is identified to determine its composition and information.

[0011] Step S4: Using the established identification rules, the inorganic component of the target unknown object is characterized to determine its composition and information.

[0012] Step S5: Comprehensively analyze the composition and characteristic parameters of the unknown object by integrating the basic identification results, the composition and information of the organic part, and the composition and information of the inorganic part.

[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment, in step S1, a set shooting device is used to identify the three-dimensional shape information of the unknown target object, and the shape identification and calibration information includes three-dimensional shape, cross-sectional shape and color data.

[0014] Furthermore, in one embodiment, if the shape recognition and calibration information characterizes the crystallization state of the initial unknown to a certain extent, step S1 further includes: using a solid microscope or scanning electron microscope to assist in microscopic morphological observation, obtaining microscopic morphological recognition information of the target unknown, which together constitute the shape recognition and calibration information.

[0015] Preferably, in one embodiment, in step S2, the basic identification results of the target unknown include mixtures containing insoluble solids, mixtures containing soluble solids, solid-liquid mixtures, immiscible liquid mixtures, and mixed gases related to the identification.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, step S2, the process of selecting a matching separation method to separate the unknown sample, includes:

[0017] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixture containing insoluble solids, then the precipitate of the unknown substance shall be separated by precipitation followed by filtration.

[0018] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixture containing soluble solids, then the soluble solid substances are separated by heating and evaporation or cooling and crystallization to precipitate or solidify them.

[0019] Furthermore, in one embodiment, step S2, the process of selecting a matching separation method to separate the unknown sample, includes:

[0020] If the basic identification result of the target unknown object is a solid-liquid mixture, the solid substance is separated from the liquid by filtration.

[0021] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is an immiscible liquid mixture, the immiscible liquid substances are separated by liquid-liquid separation method;

[0022] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a miscible liquid mixture, the liquid mixture shall be separated or purified by distillation or fractional distillation.

[0023] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixed gas, or if there is an intermediate product with detection requirements during the identification process that is a mixed gas, a gas washing method is used to wash away a certain gas in the mixed gas to achieve gas separation.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, step S3, the process of identifying the organic characteristics of the organic component sample of the target unknown, includes:

[0025] Group component analysis was performed on the organic fraction of the sample based on unknown substances to obtain the relative contents of asphaltenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, gums and saturated hydrocarbons in the organic fraction;

[0026] To analyze the organic functional groups of the organic components of an unknown substance, multiple organic components are dissolved in various predetermined organic solvents to determine the organic functional groups contained in the unknown substance samples; the predetermined organic solvents include ethanol, chloroform, acetone, benzene, and n-hexane.

[0027] The organic fraction of the sample is analyzed to obtain total hydrocarbon data, and then the carbon number distribution of the unknown organic fraction is analyzed based on the total hydrocarbon data.

[0028] In one embodiment, step S4, in the process of identifying the inorganic characteristics of the inorganic portion of the target unknown object, includes using the following physicochemical experiments to identify the inorganic characteristics of the inorganic portion of the sample:

[0029] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, deionized water is added to wash soluble salts. After washing, the samples are dried to a constant weight, and the content of soluble salts is calculated based on the weight difference.

[0030] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, an adsorption assay is performed using a pre-designed magnetic device to determine the presence and content of magnetic substances.

[0031] By increasing the temperature based on a set temperature change rule, and separating and purifying the inorganic sample of the unknown substance according to the difference in boiling point, pure inorganic components can be obtained.

[0032] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, a predetermined amount of 10% hydrochloric acid is added, and the presence of carbonate scale is determined by whether a chemical reaction occurs and bubbles are generated.

[0033] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the process of identifying the inorganic characteristics of the inorganic portion of the sample includes:

[0034] Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to obtain the scanning results and energy dispersive spectroscopy data of the inorganic part of the unknown substance, and the morphological characteristics, crystal morphology and elemental composition information of the inorganic part of the unknown substance were analyzed.

[0035] Further analysis using X-ray diffraction was conducted to determine the composition and relative content of the inorganic component.

[0036] Optionally, in one embodiment, the process of identifying the inorganic characteristics of the inorganic portion of the sample includes:

[0037] If the inorganic component contains a substance with a certain degree of solubility, the component is crystallized by dissolution-recrystallization. Then, the crystal shape parameters are analyzed by a stereomicroscope and / or a polarizing microscope to determine the specific component structure characteristics of the inorganic component.

[0038] Based on the application aspects of the methods described in any one or more of the above embodiments, the present invention also provides an oilfield process unknown substance identification system, which performs the methods described in any one or more of the above embodiments.

[0039] Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention also has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] This invention provides a method and system for identifying unknown substances in oilfield processes. The method identifies and calibrates the morphological and odor information of the target unknown substance; comprehensively analyzes the basic identification results of the target unknown substance, and selects a matching separation method to separate the unknown substance sample, obtaining organic and inorganic components. The method calibrates the target unknown substance by its morphology, color, and odor; then, based on the morphology, color, and odor of the unknown substance, it separates the organic and inorganic components of the target sample. This method ensures the use of appropriate separation methods for the unknown substance, guarantees the reliability of the separation results, and reduces operational complexity and operator requirements, making it more practical.

[0041] Then, the organic and inorganic components of the target unknown substance are identified separately using established identification rules to determine their composition and information. Finally, the basic identification results, the composition and information of the organic and inorganic components are comprehensively analyzed to determine the composition and characteristic parameters of the unknown substance. This method can quickly and accurately identify and analyze the composition and content of unknown substances causing serious problems such as corrosion and blockage in oilfield production. In practical applications, it is flexible and widely applicable, suitable for identifying blockages in various production, storage, and transportation equipment, as well as oil well return products, effectively providing a basis for solving difficult problems in oilfields.

[0042] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in the description, claims and drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0043] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for identifying unknown substances in oilfield processes according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the identification principle of an oilfield process unknown substance identification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 This is a first example of microscopic morphology observation of unknown substances in the oilfield process unknown substance identification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4This is a second example of microscopic morphology observation of unknown substances in the oilfield process unknown substance identification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 5 This is an example of infrared monitoring spectrum information of the organic matter component in the oilfield process unknown matter identification method provided in another embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is an example diagram showing the carbon number distribution of crude oil total hydrocarbon analysis results in the organic matter portion of the oilfield process unknown identification method provided in this embodiment of the invention;

[0050] Figure 7 This is an example diagram showing the wax content data of unknown substances determined by differential scanning calorimetry in the oilfield process unknown substance identification method provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an oilfield process unknown substance identification system provided in another embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Those skilled in the art will then fully understand how the present invention uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects, and will be able to implement the present invention specifically based on the above-described implementation process. It should be noted that, as long as there is no conflict, the various embodiments and features of the present invention can be combined with each other, and the resulting technical solutions are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0053] Although the flowchart describes the operations as sequential processes, many of these operations can be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. The order of the operations can be rearranged. A process can terminate when its operation is complete, but it may also have additional steps not included in the diagram. A process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subroutine, etc.

[0054] Computer equipment includes user equipment and network equipment. User equipment or clients include, but are not limited to, computers, smartphones, and PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants); network equipment includes, but is not limited to, a single network server, a server group consisting of multiple network servers, or a cloud based on cloud computing consisting of a large number of computers or network servers. Computer equipment can operate independently to implement this invention, or it can connect to a network and implement this invention through interaction with other computer devices within the network. The network in which the computer equipment resides includes, but is not limited to, the Internet, wide area networks (WANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), local area networks (LANs), and VPN networks.

[0055] The terms “first,” “second,” etc., may be used herein to describe various units, but these units should not be limited by these terms; they are used merely to distinguish one unit from another. The term “and / or” as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. When a unit is referred to as “connected” or “coupled” to another unit, it may be directly connected or coupled to said other unit, or there may be intermediate units present.

[0056] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “an” as used herein are also intended to include the plural. It should also be understood that the terms “comprising” and / or “including” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, integers, steps, operations, units, and / or components, without excluding the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0057] As exploration and development in major oilfields deepen, various extraction, storage, and transportation equipment are experiencing varying degrees of corrosion and blockage. In recent years, the number of samples containing unknown substances at corrosion and blockage sites has increased dramatically. These samples have been found in various locations, including well casings, nozzles, pipelines, valves, separators, and flame arresters. These problems not only affect production efficiency but also pose long-term safety hazards. Therefore, it is crucial to promptly identify blockages and corrosion, analyze their composition, and design appropriate solutions to address these issues, thereby eliminating potential hazards and ensuring the safe and normal operation of all equipment.

[0058] However, domestic and international oilfield testing and inspection institutions currently lack universally applicable and comprehensive methods for identifying and analyzing common unknown substances in oilfields. There are also no corresponding national or industry-published method standards. Some technical solutions can only identify a specific component in the unknown substance and cannot achieve comprehensive identification. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an oilfield unknown substance identification method that can quickly and reliably identify and analyze the components of oilfield unknown substances in order to clarify the composition of unknown substances and design appropriate solutions to deal with problems such as blockage and corrosion. This would provide timely and accurate scientific guidance for safe production in oilfields and provide basic support for the normal operation of production, storage, and transportation equipment.

[0059] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a rapid, accurate, and scientifically applicable method for identifying and analyzing common unknown substances in oilfields. This method involves calibrating the morphology, color, and odor of the target unknown substance; then separating the organic and inorganic components of the target sample based on these characteristics; subsequently, matching methods are used to identify the organic components, including group composition analysis, organic functional group analysis, crude oil total hydrocarbon analysis, and determination of wax point and wax content; matching methods are also used to identify the inorganic components, including physicochemical analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, and polarized light and solid microscopy analysis; finally, the compositional identification results of the target unknown substance are determined by comprehensively analyzing the components and contents of both organic and inorganic components. This approach enables faster and smoother identification and analysis of common unknown substances in oilfields, shortens the identification cycle, improves the timeliness and accuracy of results, and provides a basis for solving difficult problems in the oilfield field.

[0060] The following describes the detailed flow of the method according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, the steps of which can be executed in a computer system containing, for example, a set of computer-executable instructions. Although the logical order of the steps is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be performed in a different order than that shown here.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] Figure 1 This diagram illustrates a flow chart of the oilfield process unknown substance identification method provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. (Refer to...) Figure 1 It is known that the method for identifying unknown substances in oilfield processes includes the following steps.

[0063] Step S1: Identify the initial unknown object sample based on the target unknown object, determine and calibrate its three-dimensional shape information, and at the same time receive the unknown object odor identification and calibration information entered by relevant staff.

[0064] Step S2: Based on the combined odor recognition calibration information and shape recognition calibration information, determine the basic identification result of the target unknown object. Based on the basic identification result, select a matching separation method to separate the unknown object sample, and obtain the organic part sample and the inorganic part sample of the unknown object.

[0065] Step S3: Using the established identification rules, the organic component of the target unknown substance is identified to determine its composition and information.

[0066] Step S4: Using the established identification rules, the inorganic component of the target unknown object is characterized to determine its composition and information.

[0067] Step S5: Comprehensively analyze the composition and characteristic parameters of the unknown object by integrating the basic identification results, the composition and information of the organic part, and the composition and information of the inorganic part.

[0068] In practical applications, the target unknown object can first be segmented or divided by professionals to form multiple sample groups for identification. Each sample can characterize the target unknown object to be tested.

[0069] Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the detailed identification principle of the oilfield process unknown object identification method provided by the embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment of the present invention first identifies the external shape and odor of the target unknown object. In practical application, in step S1, a set imaging device is used to identify the three-dimensional shape information of the target unknown object and generate corresponding shape identification calibration information. The three-dimensional shape information includes three-dimensional shape, cross-sectional shape and color data.

[0070] Furthermore, obtain odor identification and calibration information about the target unknown object entered by specialized technicians. In practical applications, considering that some unknown objects may be harmful to the human body, after basically eliminating obviously harmful substances based on the aforementioned shape identification and calibration information, auxiliary equipment can be used to artificially identify and calibrate the target unknown object as needed. For example... Figure 1 As shown, in step S1, the shape, color, smell, etc. of the target unknown object are calibrated.

[0071] Furthermore, in the process of labeling the morphology, color, and odor of the unknown, if the morphological identification labeling information indicates that the crystallization state of the initial unknown reaches a set level, it also includes further microscopic morphological observation using a stereomicroscope or scanning electron microscope as needed to obtain the microscopic morphological identification information of the target unknown. An example of the results of microscopic morphological observation using a scanning electron microscope is shown below. Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown.

[0072] The shape recognition calibration information includes three-dimensional shape, cross-sectional shape, color data, and microscopic shape recognition information.

[0073] Different types of unknowns require different basic identification results for basic identification. For example, inorganic substances such as iron-containing and copper-containing compounds can be initially identified by color; ammonium salts and sulfides can be initially identified by odor; and for minerals with a certain degree of initial crystallization, further microscopic morphological observation using a stereomicroscope or scanning electron microscope is necessary, and preliminary identification can be made through polarized optical characteristics. Thus, the basic identification category of the target unknown is determined, and this category guides the subsequent use of matching analytical methods and identification steps.

[0074] Preferably, in one embodiment, the basic identification results of the target unknown include mixtures containing insoluble solids, mixtures containing soluble solids, solid-liquid mixtures, immiscible liquid mixtures, and mixed gases.

[0075] Different colors, shapes, and odors may reflect the general type of an unknown substance and the different environments in which it was produced, and the required separation methods will also be different, thus providing guidance for the subsequent separation of the organic and inorganic parts of the unknown substance.

[0076] Therefore, by combining the aforementioned odor identification and shape identification information, the basic identification results of the target unknown are determined to clarify its basic type, providing guidance for the subsequent separation of the organic and inorganic components of the unknown. Generally, methods for separating organic and inorganic substances mainly include precipitation, filtration, evaporation, crystallization, liquid-liquid separation, gas washing, distillation, and fractional distillation. Different types of inorganic substances are suitable for different separation methods.

[0077] Unknown blockages or corrosion products in oil and gas processes typically contain both inorganic and organic matter. Next, based on the aforementioned basic identification results, the organic and inorganic components are separated from the unknown components in the sample.

[0078] In step S2, the basic identification result of the target unknown object is determined by combining the odor identification calibration information and the shape identification calibration information. Based on the basic identification result, a matching separation method is selected to separate the unknown object sample, resulting in organic and inorganic samples of the unknown object.

[0079] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is that it contains insoluble solids, such as heavy metals, the solid precipitate of the unknown substance is separated by precipitation followed by filtration. The precipitation method is suitable for separating insoluble solids from solution. By adding an appropriate precipitating agent, the inorganic substance is precipitated in the form of a precipitate, and then separated by filtration.

[0080] If the basic identification result of the target unknown object is a solid-liquid mixture, the solid is separated from the liquid by filtration. When filtering using this method, it is necessary to select appropriate filter paper and the correct filtration operation method based on the shape identification and calibration information of the target unknown object. The required instruments and equipment for filtration include an iron stand, funnel, filter paper, glass rod and beaker.

[0081] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is that it contains soluble solid substances, the soluble solid substances are precipitated or solidified by heating and evaporation or cooling and crystallization. This method is suitable for substances whose solubility changes greatly with temperature. When extracting soluble solid substances from the solution, the solvent is evaporated and crystals are precipitated by increasing the temperature or the solute is reduced and precipitated by decreasing the solubility, so as to obtain soluble solid substances. Then, solid-liquid separation is achieved by using filtration.

[0082] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is an immiscible liquid mixture, the immiscible liquids are separated by a separation method; in practical applications, the two immiscible liquids are separated by a separatory funnel.

[0083] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a miscible liquid mixture, the liquid mixture is separated or purified by distillation or fractional distillation. In practical applications, distillation and fractional distillation techniques convert the liquid into a gaseous state by heating, and then condense and collect it to achieve the purpose of separation. At the same time, distillation or fractional distillation methods can be used to determine the boiling point information of the liquid mixture.

[0084] In practical applications, if the identification process requires separating substances with small boiling point differences or accurately identifying boiling point information, fractional distillation can be used in addition to distillation. In general operations, the separation of miscible liquids based on boiling point differences is mainly achieved through distillation and fractional distillation. Distillation is generally used to effectively separate substances with large boiling point differences. Fractional distillation is suitable for achieving fine separation and boiling point analysis of substances with small boiling point differences. When using fractional distillation, it is based on matching fractional distillation equipment and processes.

[0085] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixed gas, a gas washing method is used to wash away a certain gas in the mixed gas to achieve gas separation. This method utilizes the differences in solubility or chemical properties of gases to achieve the separation of mixed gases. For example, ethylene in methane can be washed away by a carbon tetrachloride solution containing bromine.

[0086] The portion containing organic matter obtained after separating the target unknown substance is considered the organic fraction, but it is not necessarily entirely composed of organic matter. Based on this, organic matter identification and content determination can be performed on the organic fraction sample according to requirements.

[0087] The presence of organic substances is indicated by adding a specified organic solvent and testing whether dissolution occurs.

[0088] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, if there is a need to determine the organic matter content, the organic matter is washed away by chloroform extraction, and the organic content is calculated by weight difference.

[0089] Further, in step S3, the organic matter is subjected to matching organic matter analysis operations to identify the organic matter characteristics. The organic matter analysis operations include group component analysis, organic functional group analysis, crude oil total hydrocarbon analysis, and wax precipitation point and wax content determination.

[0090] The process of identifying the organic components of an unknown target substance includes:

[0091] First, group component analysis was performed on the organic fraction of the unknown substance to obtain the relative contents of asphaltenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, gums and saturated hydrocarbons in the organic fraction.

[0092] On the other hand, the organic functional groups of the organic components of the unknown substance are analyzed by dissolving multiple organic components in various predetermined organic solvents, including ethanol, chloroform, acetone, benzene, and n-hexane, to determine the organic functional groups contained in the unknown substance samples.

[0093] If analysis determines that the organic content of the unknown substance is higher than the set conditions, or if there is a need for related organic matter analysis, it also includes using infrared spectroscopy to determine the infrared monitoring spectrum information of a portion of the organic matter sample, such as... Figure 5 As shown.

[0094] Crude oil full hydrocarbon analysis is performed on organic samples to obtain full hydrocarbon data. Then, the carbon number distribution of the unknown organic components is analyzed based on the full hydrocarbon data. The carbon number distribution of organic components can be obtained from the full hydrocarbon data, such as... Figure 6 As shown, this allows us to understand the compositional characteristics of the organic components in the unknown substance.

[0095] In addition, for the organic part of the unknown substance, if the organic part contains wax based on the shape identification and calibration information, the wax precipitation point and wax content of the organic part sample can be determined according to the requirements.

[0096] The wax precipitation point refers to the temperature at which wax begins to precipitate from the liquid state in crude oil. In an optional embodiment, the method for determining the wax precipitation point includes:

[0097] Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC): DSC thermal analysis technology can obtain the thermogram of the wax precipitation process in crude oil, thereby determining characteristic parameters such as the wax precipitation point, wax precipitation peak point, and wax precipitation enthalpy. This method is simple, requires little sample, has good reproducibility, and its results are highly reliable.

[0098] Rotational viscometer method: This method is typically used to reflect the relationship between the flow properties of crude oil and temperature. In certain scenarios, the wax precipitation point can be determined by measuring the viscosity change of crude oil during cooling. In practical applications, this method is not suitable for determining crude oils with a slow initial wax precipitation rate or low wax content.

[0099] Microscopic observation method: The wax precipitation point is determined by observing the formation of wax crystals in crude oil.

[0100] Wax content refers to the percentage of wax by mass in crude oil. In a preferred embodiment, the wax content is determined using the following logic:

[0101] The wax content of crude oil was determined using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The wax content and wax precipitation within a specific temperature range were calculated from the DSC thermogram. A schematic diagram of the wax content data determined by differential scanning calorimetry for unknown substances is shown below. Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the results are in good agreement with those obtained using the RIPP 90 method (alumina adsorption method), thus verifying the reliability of the DSC method.

[0102] In step S4, the inorganic component sample of the target unknown is characterized by inorganic component determination using the set inorganic component determination operation. The inorganic component determination operation includes physicochemical experimental analysis, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and polarized light and solid microscopy analysis.

[0103] The process of identifying inorganic characteristics in inorganic samples using physicochemical experimental analysis includes:

[0104] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, deionized water is added to wash the soluble salts. After washing, the samples are dried to a constant weight, and the content of soluble salts is calculated based on the weight difference.

[0105] The process of identifying inorganic characteristics in inorganic samples using physicochemical experimental analysis also includes:

[0106] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, an adsorption assay is performed using a pre-designed magnetic device to determine the presence and content of magnetic substances.

[0107] The process of identifying inorganic characteristics in inorganic samples using physicochemical experimental analysis also includes:

[0108] By increasing the temperature based on a set temperature change rule, and separating and purifying the inorganic sample of the unknown substance according to the difference in boiling point, pure inorganic components can be obtained.

[0109] The process of identifying inorganic characteristics in inorganic samples using physicochemical experimental analysis also includes:

[0110] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, a predetermined amount of 10% hydrochloric acid is added. The presence of carbonate scale is determined by whether a chemical reaction occurs and bubbles are generated. This method involves adding a small amount of 10% hydrochloric acid to a sample after organic matter removal and observing the phenomena to determine if a chemical reaction occurs. For example, it checks whether bubbles are generated; if bubbles are generated, it indicates that the sample may contain carbonate scale.

[0111] On the other hand, for a given characteristic unknown substance, its corresponding characteristic chemical reaction experiment can be used for determination. In practical applications, based on the location of the device producing the unknown substance in the oil and gas process and the shape identification information of the unknown substance, a comprehensive analysis can be conducted to determine whether a certain unknown substance belongs to the characteristic unknown substance category. For example, if the production location is in a hydrogen sulfide-rich area (usually known from the production information on the sample delivery form), and the unknown substance sample has black solid shape identification information, then the characteristic chemical reaction experiment corresponding to hydrogen sulfide can be used for determination as needed. By adding hydrochloric acid and using lead acetate test paper to test for the presence of hydrogen sulfide gas, the presence of iron ions can be determined by the color of the solution after the reaction; if the solution color after the reaction is yellow-green or yellow, it is confirmed that iron ions are present.

[0112] The process of identifying inorganic characteristics in inorganic samples also includes:

[0113] Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to obtain the scanning results and energy dispersive spectroscopy data of the inorganic part of the unknown substance. The morphological characteristics, crystal morphology and elemental composition information of the inorganic part of the unknown substance, such as C, O, Na and Si elements and the relative contents of elemental components, were analyzed.

[0114] Further analysis using X-ray diffraction results will determine the composition and relative content of the inorganic components, such as the compound components CaCO3 and NaCl, and their relative content.

[0115] If the inorganic component contains a substance with a certain degree of solubility, the component is further dissolved and recrystallized to obtain crystals. Based on this, the crystal shape parameters are analyzed using a stereomicroscope (microscope or scanning electron microscope) and / or a polarizing microscope to determine the specific component structure characteristics of the inorganic component.

[0116] Next, step S5 is executed to determine the component identification results of the target unknown object by combining the odor identification information, shape identification information, organic components and content, and inorganic components and content.

[0117] By statistically analyzing the organic and inorganic components and their contents of the unknown target substance, we can obtain the component identification results of the unknown target substance, which facilitates the provision of targeted preventive measures and solutions when dealing with corrosion or blockage problems.

[0118] Compared with existing technologies, this invention proposes a method for rapidly and accurately identifying and analyzing the composition and content of unknown substances causing serious problems such as corrosion and blockage in oilfield production, providing a scientific basis for solving difficult problems in oilfields. Furthermore, the solution of this invention is applicable to the identification of blockages in various production, storage, and transportation equipment, as well as oil well return materials, providing a scientific basis for unblocking in the field.

[0119] For the foregoing method embodiments, in order to simplify the description, they are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0120] It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the method can also combine one or more of the above embodiments to obtain a new method for identifying unknown substances in oilfield processes, so as to achieve efficient and accurate identification of blockages or corrosion in oilfield processes.

[0121] Example 2

[0122] It should be noted that, based on the methods in any one or more embodiments of the present invention described above, the present invention also provides a storage medium storing program code that can implement the methods described in any one or more embodiments. When the program code is executed by the operating system, it can implement the oilfield process unknown identification method as described above.

[0123] Example 3

[0124] The methods described in detail in the above-disclosed embodiments of the present invention can be implemented using various forms of devices or systems. Therefore, based on other aspects of the methods described in any one or more of the above embodiments, the present invention also provides an oilfield process unknown substance identification system, which is used to perform the oilfield process unknown substance identification method described in any one or more of the above embodiments. Specific embodiments are given below for detailed description.

[0125] Specifically, Figure 8 The diagram shows a schematic representation of the oilfield process unknown substance identification system provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, the system includes:

[0126] The basic information identification and calibration module is configured to: identify and calibrate the shape information of the initial target unknown object, generate shape identification and calibration information of the unknown object, and simultaneously receive the odor identification and calibration information of the unknown object entered by relevant staff.

[0127] The unknown substance sample separation module is configured to: determine the basic identification result of the target unknown substance by combining the odor recognition calibration information and the shape recognition calibration information; select a matching separation method based on the basic identification result to separate the unknown substance sample to obtain the organic part sample and the inorganic part sample of the unknown substance;

[0128] The organic component identification module is configured to: identify the organic characteristics of the organic component sample of the target unknown substance using the set identification rules, and determine the composition and information of the organic component of the unknown substance;

[0129] The inorganic component identification module is configured as follows: Step S4: Using the set identification rules, the inorganic component sample of the target unknown object is subjected to inorganic component characteristic identification to determine the composition and information of the inorganic component of the unknown object;

[0130] The identification result determination module is configured to comprehensively analyze the composition and characteristic parameters of the unknown object by integrating the basic identification results of the target unknown object, the composition and information of the organic part, and the composition and information of the inorganic part.

[0131] Optionally, in one embodiment, the basic information identification and calibration module uses a set shooting device to identify the three-dimensional shape information of the target unknown object, and the shape identification and calibration information includes three-dimensional shape, cross-sectional shape and color data.

[0132] Furthermore, in one embodiment, if the shape recognition and calibration information characterizes the crystallization state of the initial unknown to a set degree, the basic information recognition and calibration module is further configured to use a solid microscope or scanning electron microscope to perform microscopic morphological observation, obtain the microscopic morphological recognition information of the target unknown, and together constitute the shape recognition and calibration information.

[0133] Preferably, in one embodiment, the basic identification results of the target unknown include mixtures containing insoluble solids, mixtures containing soluble solids, solid-liquid mixtures, immiscible liquid mixtures, and mixed gases.

[0134] In an optional embodiment, the unknown sample separation module selects a matching separation method to separate the unknown sample according to the following logic:

[0135] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixture containing insoluble solids, then the precipitate of the unknown substance shall be separated by precipitation followed by filtration.

[0136] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixture containing soluble solids, then the soluble solid substances are separated by heating and evaporation or cooling and crystallization to precipitate or solidify them.

[0137] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the unknown sample separation module is further configured to select a matching separation method to separate the unknown sample according to the following logic:

[0138] If the basic identification result of the target unknown object is a solid-liquid mixture, the solid substance is separated from the liquid by filtration.

[0139] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is an immiscible liquid mixture, the immiscible liquid substances are separated by liquid-liquid separation method;

[0140] If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a miscible liquid mixture, the liquid mixture is separated or purified by distillation.

[0141] If the basic identification result of the target unknown object is a mixed gas, a gas washing method is used to wash away a certain gas in the mixed gas to achieve gas separation.

[0142] In a preferred embodiment, the organic component identification module identifies the organic characteristics of the organic component sample of the target unknown substance as follows:

[0143] Group component analysis was performed on the organic fraction of the sample based on unknown substances to obtain the relative contents of asphaltenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, gums and saturated hydrocarbons in the organic fraction;

[0144] To analyze the organic functional groups of the organic components of an unknown substance, multiple organic components are dissolved in various predetermined organic solvents to determine the organic functional groups contained in the unknown substance samples; the predetermined organic solvents include ethanol, chloroform, acetone, benzene, and n-hexane.

[0145] The organic fraction of the sample is analyzed to obtain total hydrocarbon data, and then the carbon number distribution of the unknown organic fraction is analyzed based on the total hydrocarbon data.

[0146] In one embodiment, the inorganic component identification module uses the following physicochemical experimental analysis to identify the inorganic characteristics of the inorganic component sample:

[0147] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, deionized water is added to wash soluble salts. After washing, the samples are dried to a constant weight, and the content of soluble salts is calculated based on the weight difference.

[0148] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, an adsorption assay is performed using a pre-designed magnetic device to determine the presence and content of magnetic substances.

[0149] By increasing the temperature based on a set temperature change rule, and separating and purifying the inorganic sample of the unknown substance according to the difference in boiling point, pure inorganic components can be obtained.

[0150] For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, a predetermined amount of 10% hydrochloric acid is added, and the presence of carbonate scale is determined by whether a chemical reaction occurs and bubbles are generated.

[0151] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the inorganic component identification module performs inorganic component characteristic identification on the inorganic component sample using the following operations:

[0152] Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to obtain the scanning results and energy dispersive spectroscopy data of the inorganic part of the unknown substance, and the morphological characteristics, crystal morphology and elemental composition information of the inorganic part of the unknown substance were analyzed.

[0153] Further analysis using X-ray diffraction was conducted to determine the composition and relative content of the inorganic component.

[0154] Optionally, in one embodiment, the inorganic component identification module performs inorganic component characteristic identification on the inorganic component sample using the following operation:

[0155] If the inorganic component contains a substance with a certain degree of solubility, the component is further dissolved and recrystallized to obtain crystals. Based on this, the crystal shape parameters are analyzed using a stereomicroscope and / or a polarizing microscope to determine the specific component structure characteristics of the inorganic component.

[0156] In the oilfield process unknown identification system provided in this embodiment of the invention, each module or unit structure can operate independently or in combination according to actual sample processing needs and targeted measurement needs, so as to achieve the corresponding technical effects.

[0157] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed herein are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps, or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features as understood by those skilled in the art. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0158] The phrase "an embodiment" in the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Therefore, the phrase "an embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0159] While the embodiments disclosed in this invention are as described above, the content is merely for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art to which this invention pertains may make any modifications and variations in form and detail of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed herein; however, the scope of patent protection for this invention shall still be determined by the scope defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for identifying unknown substances in oilfield processes, characterized in that, The method includes: Step S1: Identify and calibrate the shape information of the initial target unknown object, generate shape identification and calibration information of the unknown object, and at the same time receive the odor identification and calibration information of the unknown object entered by relevant staff. Step S2: Based on the combined odor recognition calibration information and shape recognition calibration information, determine the basic identification result of the target unknown object. Based on the basic identification result, select a matching separation method to separate the unknown object sample, and obtain the organic part sample and the inorganic part sample of the unknown object. Step S3: Using the established identification rules, the organic component of the target unknown substance is identified to determine its composition and information. Step S4: Using the established identification rules, the inorganic component of the target unknown object is characterized to determine its composition and information. Step S5: Comprehensively analyze the composition and characteristic parameters of the unknown object by integrating the basic identification results, the composition and information of the organic part, and the composition and information of the inorganic part.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, a set shooting device is used to identify the three-dimensional shape information of the unknown target. The shape recognition and calibration information includes three-dimensional shape, cross-sectional shape and color data.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, If the shape recognition and calibration information characterizes the crystallization state of the initial unknown to a certain extent, step S1 further includes: using a solid microscope or scanning electron microscope to assist in microscopic morphological observation, obtaining the microscopic morphological recognition information of the target unknown, which together constitute the shape recognition and calibration information.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the basic identification results of the target unknown include mixtures containing insoluble solids, mixtures containing soluble solids, solid-liquid mixtures, immiscible liquid mixtures, and mixed gases related to the identification.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2, the process of selecting a matching separation method to separate the unknown sample, includes: If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixture containing insoluble solids, then the precipitate of the unknown substance shall be separated by precipitation followed by filtration. If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a mixture containing soluble solids, then the soluble solid substances are separated by heating and evaporation or cooling and crystallization to precipitate or solidify them.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S2, the process of selecting a matching separation method to separate the unknown sample, includes: If the basic identification result of the target unknown object is a solid-liquid mixture, the solid substance is separated from the liquid by filtration. If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is an immiscible liquid mixture, the immiscible liquid substances are separated by liquid-liquid separation method; If the basic identification result of the target unknown substance is a miscible liquid mixture, the liquid mixture shall be separated or purified by distillation or fractional distillation. If the basic identification result of the target unknown object is a mixed gas, a gas washing method is used to wash away a certain gas in the mixed gas to achieve gas separation.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step S3, in the process of identifying the organic characteristics of the organic component sample of the unknown target, includes: Group component analysis was performed on the organic fraction of the sample based on unknown substances to obtain the relative contents of asphaltenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, gums and saturated hydrocarbons in the organic fraction; To analyze the organic functional groups of the organic components of an unknown substance, multiple organic components are dissolved in various predetermined organic solvents to determine the organic functional groups contained in the unknown substance samples; the predetermined organic solvents include ethanol, chloroform, acetone, benzene, and n-hexane. The organic fraction of the sample is analyzed to obtain total hydrocarbon data, and then the carbon number distribution of the unknown organic fraction is analyzed based on the total hydrocarbon data.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the process of identifying the inorganic characteristics of the inorganic portion of the target unknown substance includes the following physicochemical experiments to identify the inorganic characteristics of the inorganic portion of the sample: For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, deionized water is added to wash soluble salts. After washing, the samples are dried to a constant weight, and the content of soluble salts is calculated based on the weight difference. For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, an adsorption assay is performed using a pre-designed magnetic device to determine the presence and content of magnetic substances. By increasing the temperature based on a set temperature change rule, and separating and purifying the inorganic sample of the unknown substance according to the difference in boiling point, pure inorganic components can be obtained. For inorganic samples containing unknown substances, a predetermined amount of 10% hydrochloric acid is added, and the presence of carbonate scale is determined by whether a chemical reaction occurs and bubbles are generated.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of identifying inorganic characteristics in inorganic samples includes: Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to obtain the scanning results and energy dispersive spectroscopy data of the inorganic part of the unknown substance, and the morphological characteristics, crystal morphology and elemental composition information of the inorganic part of the unknown substance were analyzed. Further analysis using X-ray diffraction was conducted to determine the composition and relative content of the inorganic component.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of identifying inorganic characteristics in inorganic samples includes: If the inorganic component contains a substance with a certain degree of solubility, the component is crystallized by dissolution-recrystallization. Then, the crystal shape parameters are analyzed by a stereomicroscope and / or a polarizing microscope to determine the specific component structure characteristics of the inorganic component.

11. A system for identifying unknown substances in oilfield processes, characterized in that, The system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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