White yew summer cutting propagation method

Abstract

The application discloses a summer cutting propagation method of white yew, and comprises the following steps: 1) cutting substrate preparation; 2) seedbed preparation; 3) spur preparation; 4) spur soaking; 5) cutting treatment; and 6) post-cutting management. According to the method, the optimal spur maturity, accurate rooting agent concentration and economic and efficient substrate formula suitable for high-temperature and high-humidity environment in summer are screened, so that the survival rate of white yew cutting is more than 96%, and a large number of fibrous roots can be induced within one month.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant asexual reproduction technology, specifically relating to a method for summer cutting propagation of Taxus chinensis. Background Technology

[0002] *Pseudotaxus chienii*, commonly known as the white yew, is an evergreen shrub belonging to the genus *Pseudotaxus* in the family Taxaceae. It is named for its white, fleshy aril. Distributed in the high-altitude regions of southern China, it is a Class II protected vulnerable species in China. The bark is grayish-brown, peeling off in strips, with sparse or dense small wart-like protuberances. Persistent bud scales remain at the base. The leaves are linear, arranged in two rows, with a prominent midrib on both surfaces, wider than or nearly equal in width to the green border. The seeds are oval, with a small, pointed tip. When mature, the fleshy, cup-shaped aril is white, with persistent bracts at the base. Flowering occurs from late March to May, and the seeds mature in October. The white yew gets its name from the white fleshy, cup-shaped aril when mature.

[0003] Propagation by cuttings is one of the most effective methods for maintaining the superior traits of a variety, with advantages such as speed, low cost, and ease of implementation. However, for summer cutting propagation of Taxus chinensis, there have long been problems such as slow callus formation, difficulty in inducing adventitious roots, and low survival rate during the high-temperature season. In particular, there are still no targeted optimization solutions for key technical parameters such as the difference in response of cuttings with different degrees of lignification to exogenous rooting agents, and the balance between substrate aeration and water retention and cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for the propagation of Taxus chinensis by cuttings that is simple to operate, cost-controllable, has a high survival rate, and is suitable for summer operation.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: The summer propagation method of Taxus chinensis by cuttings includes the following steps: 1) Preparation of cutting substrate: Select a mixed substrate containing yellow soil, peat, perlite and rice husks. The volume ratio of each component in the mixed substrate is 20%-60% yellow soil, 20%-40% peat, 10%-20% perlite and 10%-20% rice husks. 2) Seedbed preparation: Select a cool and humid place in the nursery to build a seedbed. Lay a 5 cm thick layer of gravel with a diameter of 1-2 cm at the bottom of the seedbed. Cover the surface of the gravel layer with a filter non-woven fabric or shade net, and then lay the substrate prepared in step 1). After watering thoroughly and allowing it to settle, the substrate thickness should be 10 cm. 3) Preparation of cuttings: On the morning of the day of cutting, collect healthy young branches of 1-2 years old from the upper part of the crown of the white yew tree as cuttings; the cuttings should be 5.5-6.5cm long, and after cutting off the tender shoots, retain all the leaves in the upper half and remove all the leaves in the lower half, with the bottom cut at an oblique angle. 4) Cutting soaking: Soak the base of the cuttings prepared in step 3) in a naphthaleneacetic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 66.67 mg / kg for 1 h, and add carbendazim to the soaking solution; 5) Cutting treatment: Insert the cuttings treated in step 4) into the seedbed substrate of step 2) at a spacing of 6 cm × 10 cm, with a cutting depth of 2.5-3.5 cm, ensuring that the leaves are exposed above the substrate surface; after cutting, spray water to compact the substrate, spray with carbendazim for disinfection, cover with a small plastic arched greenhouse to retain moisture, and set up a shade net. 6) Post-cutting management: After cutting, spray disinfectant and foliar fertilizer regularly, provide shade throughout the process, and control the relative humidity in the greenhouse to be above 80% and the temperature to be below 30℃.

[0006] Furthermore, the volume ratio of each component in the mixed matrix in step 1) is: 60% yellow clay, 20% peat, 10% perlite, and 10% rice husk.

[0007] Furthermore, in step 2), the width of the seedbed is 110-130 cm, and the height of the surrounding fence is more than 20 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, after collecting the cuttings in step 3), they need to be stored in a car refrigerator with ice packs. After returning, they should be rinsed with clean water and disinfected with carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl solution.

[0009] Furthermore, in step 4), the mass fraction of the effective component in the naphthaleneacetic acid solution is 2.5 × 10⁻⁴.

[0010] Furthermore, in step 5), the light transmittance of the shade net is 25-35%.

[0011] Further, in step 6), the frequency of regular spraying is once every 7 days, and the disinfectant is at least one of thiophanate-methyl, chlorothalonil, carbendazim, and mancozeb, which are sprayed alternately; the foliar fertilizer is compound fertilizer, urea, or fast-acting foliar fertilizer, and the spraying concentration is 0.8-1.2%.

[0012] The method of this invention achieves a survival rate of over 96% for Taxus chinensis cuttings by selecting the optimal maturity of the cuttings, the precise concentration of the rooting agent, and the economical and efficient substrate formula under suitable high temperature and humidity conditions in summer, and induces a large number of fibrous roots within one month. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a photograph of a Taxus chinensis cutting in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0014] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments in order to better understand the technical solution.

[0015] Example 1: Optimal Propagation Method for Taxus chinensis by Cuttings This embodiment was implemented at the nursery base of the Forestry Science Research Institute in Longquan City, Zhejiang Province, on August 26, 2022, during the high-temperature summer season.

[0016] 1. Preparation of seedbed and cutting substrate Choose a cool, damp location within the nursery to construct seedbeds, each 120 cm wide and 4 m long. After leveling the land, enclose the seedbed with wooden planks or bricks to a height of 22 cm. Inside the seedbed, first lay a 5 cm thick layer of pebbles (1-2 cm in diameter), cover with a filter non-woven fabric, then add the substrate. After thorough watering and settling, the substrate should be 10 cm thick. Set up shade structures, small arched tunnels, etc., and sterilize the seedbeds before use.

[0017] The cutting substrate formula consists of 60% yellow soil, 20% peat, 10% perlite, and 10% rice husks (by volume), denoted as A1.

[0018] 2. Collection and processing of scions On the morning of the day of cutting, collect healthy 1-2 year old young branches (labeled B2) from the upper part of the crown of the white yew tree. After collection, immediately place them in a vehicle refrigerator (with built-in ice packs) for storage and transportation. After quickly returning to the experimental base, rinse the branches with clean water and disinfect them by soaking them in a carbendazim solution. Cut the branches into 6 cm long cuttings, retaining all the leaves in the upper half, removing the leaves in the lower half, and making a slanted cut at the bottom.

[0019] 3. Soaking the stalks The cut cuttings were arranged and bundled into small bunches, with the base immersed in a prepared naphthaleneacetic acid solution. The solution concentration was 66.67 mg / kg (C2 treatment), with an appropriate amount of carbendazim added, and the soaking time was 1 hour. The control treatment (C3) was soaked in water with an appropriate amount of carbendazim added.

[0020] 4. Seedling cuttings Using small sticks similar in thickness to the cuttings, make holes and insert the treated cuttings into the seedbed at a spacing of 6 cm × 10 cm, to a depth of 3 cm, ensuring the leaves are above the substrate surface. After insertion, gently press the substrate and water thoroughly to ensure good contact between the substrate and the cuttings. After spraying with carbendazim for disinfection, cover with a small plastic film greenhouse to retain moisture, and install a shade net on top, initially allowing 30% light transmittance.

[0021] 5. Post-cutting management Water management: During August and September, the temperature is high and the evaporation rate is high. Depending on the weather conditions, increase the number of sprays daily to maintain a relative humidity of over 80% inside the greenhouse.

[0022] Chemical spraying: Spray disinfectant (800 times dilution of chlorothalonil and 1000 times dilution of methyl thiophanate alternately) and foliar fertilizer (1% compound fertilizer solution) every 7 days after cutting.

[0023] Light control: White yew is a shade-loving species; in its natural environment, seedlings grow under broad-leaved forests with relatively low light. Shading helps to lower the temperature and increase humidity, which is beneficial for the healing and rooting of cuttings. During the observation period from cutting to rooting, shade netting was used throughout. For the first 20 days after cutting, the shading rate was maintained at 70%, and after 20 days, it was adjusted to 50%.

[0024] Temperature and humidity control: Temperature and humidity meters are placed at both ends of the cutting bed to monitor the temperature and humidity changes in the greenhouse daily. By spraying water and shading, a high-humidity and suitable-temperature environment is provided for the cuttings to promote the rapid formation of callus tissue and the production of adventitious roots. That is, the relative humidity is maintained above 80% and the temperature is maintained below 30℃.

[0025] 6. Results of cutting propagation One month after cutting, the callus tissue at the base of the cuttings formed well, and a large number of cuttings had developed white fibrous roots. A transplant survival rate survey showed that the average survival rate of this combination (A1B2C2) reached 96.33%, the highest among all treatment combinations.

[0026] Example 2: Experiment on the effect of different scion types on the survival rate of cuttings This embodiment aims to compare the effects of cuttings with different degrees of lignification on the rooting of Taxus chinensis cuttings. Under the conditions of fixed substrate A2 (40% yellow soil + 40% peat + 10% perlite + 10% rice husk) and fixed rooting agent treatment C1 (soaking in 200 mg / kg naphthaleneacetic acid for 1 h), B1 (old branches), B2 (young branches), and B3 (lateral branches) were used for treatment respectively.

[0027] The results showed that the survival rate of combination A2B2C1 was 94.75%, and that of combination A2B3C2 was 92.46% (Table 2). Combined with data from other combinations, the average survival rate was 94.64% for young shoots (B2), 92.79% for lateral branches (B3), and 91.83% for mature branches (B1). This indicates that the degree of lignification of the cuttings is a key factor affecting the survival rate of Taxus chinensis cuttings, with young shoots significantly outperforming mature and lateral branches.

[0028] Example 3: Effect of different rooting agent concentrations on the survival rate of cuttings This embodiment aims to compare the rooting-promoting effects of different concentrations of naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) on the rooting of Taxus chinensis cuttings. Under the conditions of fixed substrate A3 (20% yellow soil + 40% peat moss + 20% perlite + 20% rice husk) and fixed cuttings B1 (old branches), C2 (66.67 mg / kg) and C3 (water control) were applied respectively.

[0029] The results showed that the survival rate of the A3B1C2 combination was 94.24%, and the survival rate of the A3B2C3 combination (tender branches + water) was 92.84% (Table 2). Comprehensive factor C analysis showed that the average survival rate of the C2 treatment was 94.34%, the average survival rate of the C1 treatment (200 mg / kg) was 92.53%, and the average survival rate of the C3 treatment (water) was 92.39%. This indicates that 66.67 mg / kg naphthaleneacetic acid is the optimal concentration for inducing rooting of Taxus chinensis cuttings. Excessively high concentrations of C1 (200 mg / kg) not only failed to further improve the survival rate but also showed no significant difference compared to the control.

[0030] Example 4: Effects of different substrates on the survival rate of cuttings This embodiment analyzes the economic and technical effects of three substrate formulations. A1 (60% yellow soil + 20% peat moss + 10% perlite + 10% rice husk), A2 (40% yellow soil + 40% peat moss + 10% perlite + 10% rice husk), and A3 (20% yellow soil + 40% peat moss + 20% perlite + 20% rice husk), when combined with different cuttings and rooting agents, all maintained a survival rate between 90% and 96% (Table 2). The substrate had little impact on the survival rate of the cuttings. Considering the ease of transplanting and substrate cost, formulation A1, with its widely available and inexpensive yellow soil, stable physical properties, and water retention and aeration meeting the rooting requirements of Taxus chinensis, was chosen as the preferred substrate.

[0031] Table 1 shows the different design combinations of the above embodiments, and Table 2 shows the survival rate of Taxus chinensis cuttings under different treatment combinations.

[0032] Table 1

[0033] Table 2 .

Claims

1. A summer cutting propagation method for Taxus chinensis, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: 1) Preparation of cutting substrate: Select a mixed substrate containing yellow soil, peat, perlite and rice husks. The volume ratio of each component in the mixed substrate is 20%-60% yellow soil, 20%-40% peat, 10%-20% perlite and 10%-20% rice husks. 2) Seedbed preparation: Select a cool and humid place in the nursery to build a seedbed. Lay a 5 cm thick layer of gravel with a diameter of 1-2 cm at the bottom of the seedbed. Cover the surface of the gravel layer with a filter non-woven fabric or shade net, and then lay the substrate prepared in step 1). After watering thoroughly and allowing it to settle, the substrate thickness should be 10 cm. 3) Preparation of cuttings: On the morning of the day of cutting, collect healthy young branches of 1-2 years old from the upper part of the crown of the white yew tree as cuttings; the cuttings should be 5.5-6.5cm long, and after cutting off the tender shoots, retain all the leaves in the upper half and remove all the leaves in the lower half, with the bottom cut at an oblique angle. 4) Cutting soaking: Soak the base of the cuttings prepared in step 3) in a naphthaleneacetic acid aqueous solution with a concentration of 66.67 mg / kg for 1 hour, and add carbendazim to the soaking solution; 5) Cutting treatment: Insert the cuttings treated in step 4) into the seedbed substrate of step 2) at a spacing of 6 cm × 10 cm, with a cutting depth of 2.5-3.5 cm, ensuring that the leaves are exposed above the substrate surface; after cutting, spray water to compact the substrate, spray with carbendazim for disinfection, cover with a small plastic arched greenhouse to retain moisture, and set up a shade net. 6) Post-cutting management: After cutting, spray disinfectant and foliar fertilizer regularly, provide shade throughout the process, and control the relative humidity in the greenhouse to be above 80% and the temperature to be below 30℃.

2. The method for summer cutting propagation of Taxus chinensis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The volume ratio of each component in the mixed matrix in step 1) is: 60% yellow clay, 20% peat, 10% perlite, and 10% rice husk.

3. The method for summer cutting propagation of Taxus chinensis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2), the width of the seedbed is 110-130 cm, and the height of the surrounding fence is more than 20 cm.

4. The method for summer cutting propagation of Taxus chinensis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After collecting the cuttings in step 3), they should be stored in a car refrigerator with ice packs. After returning, they should be rinsed with clean water and disinfected with carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl solution.

5. The method for summer propagation of Taxus chinensis by cuttings as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 4), the mass fraction of the active ingredient in the naphthaleneacetic acid solution is 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. -4 .

6. The method for summer cutting propagation of Taxus chinensis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 5), the light transmittance of the shade net is 25-35%.

7. The method for summer cutting propagation of Taxus chinensis as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step 6), the frequency of regular spraying is once every 7 days. The disinfectant is at least one of thiophanate-methyl, chlorothalonil, carbendazim, and mancozeb, and is sprayed alternately. The foliar fertilizer is compound fertilizer, urea, or fast-acting foliar fertilizer, and the spraying concentration is 0.8-1.2%.

Images