A multi-functional clamp based on a four-jaw self-centering chuck

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of precision mechanical clamping technology, specifically to a multifunctional clamping fixture based on a four-jaw self-centering chuck, comprising an outer cover; a drive unit disposed within the outer cover; a reference plate fixedly connected to the outer cover, wherein a rotary dial rotatably disposed within the reference plate and driven to rotate by the output end of the drive unit; and at least four clamping components; the reference plate is provided with a guide mechanism for driving the radial movement of the clamping components, the guide mechanism cooperating with the rotary dial to synchronously drive the four clamping components to slide radially on the reference plate, thereby achieving clamping or support of the workpiece. This technical solution, through the drive unit driving the rotary dial and the guide mechanism to cooperate, achieves synchronous radial movement of the four clamping components, effectively broadening the adaptability range for rotating parts of different sizes, meeting the clamping requirements of multi-specification workpieces without frequent clamp changes, and improving overall clamping flexibility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of precision mechanical clamping technology, specifically to a multifunctional clamp based on a four-jaw self-centering chuck. Background Technology

[0002] In the machining of helicopter automatic swashplate components, core parts such as the rotating ring and stationary ring are high-precision rotating structures with a wide range of outer diameters (Φ320-600mm) and relatively thin thicknesses (15-50mm). Some thin-walled parts have a wall thickness of only 3-5mm, requiring extremely high clamping accuracy and uniform clamping force. Existing technologies, such as traditional multi-jaw chucks, have the following drawbacks:

[0003] Poor size adaptability: Most multi-jaw chucks can only adapt to a diameter range of ±5mm. For parts of different sizes, the fixtures need to be changed frequently, resulting in a process changeover time of up to 25 minutes, which is inefficient.

[0004] Limited clamping modes: External clamping chucks cannot achieve internal support functions, while internal support tools such as hydraulic expansion mandrels have insufficient rigidity, making it difficult to meet the combined needs of external clamping and internal support.

[0005] Insufficient positioning accuracy: The multi-drive source structure is prone to transmission chain errors, resulting in poor synchronization of the four jaws, with a cumulative positioning error of 0.03-0.05mm. In addition, the uneven distribution of clamping force can easily cause plastic deformation of thin-walled parts, resulting in a scrap rate of up to 23% in the processing of aerospace parts, which seriously affects the assembly quality of the automatic tilting device assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in related technologies. Therefore, the objective of this invention is to propose a multifunctional clamp based on a four-jaw self-centering chuck to improve clamping accuracy and expand its applicability.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A multi-functional clamp based on a four-jaw self-centering chuck includes:

[0009] An outer cover;

[0010] A drive unit disposed within the outer casing;

[0011] A reference disk fixed to an outer cover, wherein a rotating dial is rotatably disposed inside the reference disk and is connected to and driven to rotate by the output end of the drive unit;

[0012] and at least four clamping components;

[0013] The reference plate is provided with a guide mechanism for driving the radial movement of the clamping components. The guide mechanism cooperates with the rotary dial to synchronously drive the four clamping components to slide radially on the reference plate, so as to clamp or support the workpiece.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the reference disk includes an upper base disk, a rotating dial, and a lower base disk arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper base disk and the lower base disk are joined and fixed together to form a circular cavity inside. The rotating dial rotates within the circular cavity, and its rotation axis corresponds to the axis of the drive unit.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, a fixed flange is concentrically fixedly connected to one end of the outer cover, and the upper base disc is fixedly connected to the end of the outer cover away from the fixed flange through a connecting bracket. Four connecting brackets are evenly distributed around the circumference, and the surface of the outer cover is also provided with an installation groove that matches the shape of the end of the connecting bracket.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, a stepped recessed mounting groove is provided through the surface of the upper base disk from top to bottom, and a maintenance plate is detachably connected in the mounting groove.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the guiding mechanism includes four arc-shaped guide grooves that are centrally symmetrical and converge toward the center of the rotary dial, and four strip-shaped guide grooves that are cross-shaped and distributed in a cross pattern on the lower base disc, and the positions of the arc-shaped guide grooves and the strip-shaped guide grooves correspond one-to-one.

[0018] The lower base disc is also equipped with four tracks for limiting the sliding direction of the clamping assembly. The tracks correspond one-to-one with the positions of the strip guide grooves. The surface of the lower base disc is also provided with mounting grooves that fit the shape of the tracks.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present invention, the clamping assembly includes slider one, slider two and slider three arranged sequentially from top to bottom;

[0020] The upper end of the slider is provided with a driving slider. The driving slider passes through the strip guide groove and is embedded in the arc guide groove. The slider slides along the track.

[0021] The lower end of slider one is slidably connected to slider two, and slider two and slider three are fixedly connected by bolts, and the lower end face of slider one and the upper end face of slider three are in a state of contact and friction.

[0022] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end face of the slider one is provided with a serrated surface one, and the upper end face of the slider three is provided with a serrated surface two, and the two are slidably locked together by a preload.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end of the slider one is provided with a limiting groove extending along the axial direction, and the two sides of the slider two are provided with limiting blocks adapted to the limiting groove, and the limiting blocks are embedded in the limiting groove to form a sliding limit.

[0024] The left or right side of slider one is provided with a downwardly extending protrusion at one end of the limiting groove, and slider two abuts against the protrusion to limit its maximum displacement.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, a precision adjusting component is mounted on the slider, the precision adjusting component including a threaded rod and a knob;

[0026] The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the protrusion, with one end abutting against the second slider and the other end fixedly connected to the knob; by rotating the knob, the threaded rod is driven to move axially, thereby causing the second slider to finely adjust its position along the sliding direction of the limiting groove.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the slider three has a T-shaped structure, including a horizontal part and a vertical part, wherein the horizontal part is adjacent to the slider one, and clamping blocks are provided on both sides of the vertical part. The clamping surface of the clamping block is a bidirectional arc surface structure, which can realize the clamping of the outer circle of the workpiece or the support of the inner hole; and the clamping block is detachably connected to the slider three to adapt to workpieces of different sizes.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0029] Compared to traditional methods, this technical solution uses a drive unit to power a rotating dial and guide mechanism, enabling synchronized radial movement of the four clamping components. This effectively broadens the adaptability to rotating parts of different sizes, eliminating the need for frequent fixture changes to meet the clamping requirements of various workpiece specifications. The clamping components employ a modular slider structure and a bidirectional arc-shaped clamping block design, allowing for quick switching between external clamping and internal support modes, accommodating parts with different positioning requirements. The precision adjustment components and the slidable locking mechanism with serrated surfaces enhance the positioning accuracy and synchronization of the clamping components, reducing positioning deviations caused by off-center loading. Simultaneously, the optimized contact friction and locking structure of the clamping components improves the uniformity of clamping force, reducing the risk of deformation when clamping thin-walled parts, and overall improving the flexibility, stability, and applicability of the clamping process. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 The stereoscopic view of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 The stereoscopic view of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the outer cover, driving unit, and upper base disk in this invention;

[0034] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the upper base disk, rotating dial, and lower base disk in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the upper base disk, rotating dial, and lower base disk in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the track and clamping assembly in this invention;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a stereoscopic view of slider one, slider two, slider three, and precision adjustment component in the clamping assembly of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a stereoscopic view of slider one, slider two, slider three, and precision adjustment component in the clamping assembly of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Outer cover; 11. Fixed flange; 12. Mounting slot one; 2. Drive unit; 3. Upper base disc; 31. Handle; 32. Mounting through slot; 33. Connecting bracket; 34. Inspection plate; 4. Rotary dial; 41. Arc-shaped guide groove; 5. Lower base disc; 51. Strip guide groove; 52. Mounting slot two; 6. Track; 7. Slider one; 71. Drive slider; 72. Limiting groove; 73. Protrusion; 74. Precision adjusting component; 741. Threaded rod; 742. Knob; 75. Serrated surface one; 8. Slider two; 81. Limiting stop; 9. Slider three; 91. Serrated surface two; 92. Clamping block. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] Example 1:

[0042] This embodiment mainly describes the overall structure, installation method, and core drive and transmission mechanism of the fixture, which constitute the basic platform of the entire multi-functional fixture.

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a multi-functional clamp based on a four-jaw self-centering chuck includes: an outer cover 1; a drive unit 2 disposed inside the outer cover 1; a reference plate fixedly connected to the outer cover 1, wherein a rotary dial 4 is rotatably disposed inside the reference plate and is connected to and driven to rotate by the output end of the drive unit 2; and at least four clamping components.

[0044] The outer casing 1 serves as a protective shell for the fixture, providing support and protection for the internal components. The drive unit 2 (such as a servo motor, stepper motor, or hydraulic motor) is installed inside the outer casing 1, and its output shaft is connected to the subsequent transmission mechanism. The reference plate is the core load-bearing platform of the entire fixture, ensuring structural rigidity. Four clamping components are mounted on the reference plate and are the parts that ultimately perform the clamping or supporting actions.

[0045] Upon receiving a control signal, drive unit 2 starts, and its output shaft begins to rotate, transmitting power and motion to rotary dial 4. The outer casing 1 remains stationary throughout the process, providing a stable reference frame for the internal moving components. The outer casing 1 effectively prevents machining contaminants such as chips and coolant from entering the fixture, ensuring the cleanliness and service life of drive unit 2 and the transmission mechanism, and improving the reliability and durability of the fixture. The reference plate is equipped with a guide mechanism for driving the radial movement of the clamping components. This guide mechanism cooperates with rotary dial 4 to synchronously drive the four clamping components to slide radially on the reference plate, thereby clamping or supporting the workpiece.

[0046] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the reference disk includes an upper base disk 3, a rotating dial 4, and a lower base disk 5 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper base disk 3 and the lower base disk 5 are fixed together and form a circular cavity inside, in which the rotating dial 4 rotates, forming a "sandwich" structure. This structure has a precisely machined circular cavity inside to accommodate and guide the rotating dial 4. The rotation axis of the rotating dial 4 is precisely aligned with the axis of the drive unit 2 to ensure efficient power transmission.

[0047] One end of the outer cover 1 is concentrically fixedly connected to a fixing flange 11 for mounting the entire fixture onto the machine tool spindle or worktable. The upper base disc 3 is fixedly connected to the end of the outer cover 1 away from the fixing flange 11 via connecting brackets 33. Four connecting brackets 33 are evenly distributed circumferentially, and the surface of the outer cover 1 is also provided with mounting grooves 12 that match the shape of the ends of the connecting brackets 33. The connecting brackets 33 are welded or screwed between the upper base disc 3 and the outer cover 1. The mounting grooves 12 on the outer cover 1 precisely match the shape of the ends of the connecting brackets 33, serving the dual purpose of positioning and enhancing the connection strength.

[0048] During installation, the entire fixture is secured to the machine tool via the fixing flange 11. During operation, the upper and lower base discs 3 and 5 remain stationary, providing a rotational reference and support for the rotating dial 4. The drive unit 2 drives the rotating dial 4 to rotate smoothly within the circular cavity formed by the upper and lower base discs. This "sandwich" type reference disc structure provides high rigidity and a high-precision reference plane for the radial movement of the clamping assembly. The modular installation method (fixing flange 11, connecting bracket 33) makes the installation, disassembly, and maintenance of the fixture very convenient.

[0049] In this embodiment, the entire multi-functional fixture is installed and fixed to the machine tool spindle or automated workstation via the fixed flange 11. The power supply and control lines of the drive unit 2 are connected. The control system issues a command, the drive unit 2 starts and begins to output rotational motion. The output shaft of the drive unit 2 drives the rotary dial 4 connected to it to rotate precisely and synchronously within the circular cavity formed by the upper base disc 3 and the lower base disc 5. At this point, the power source and core transmission mechanism of the fixture enter a standby state, ready to drive the clamping components to perform the next action.

[0050] For example, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper base disc 3 is also symmetrically equipped with two handles 31, which facilitates the handling or lifting of the multi-functional clamp by the staff.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] This embodiment focuses on how to accurately convert rotational motion into synchronous linear motion of four grippers, and on this basis, achieve micron-level adjustment of the gripping position.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the guiding mechanism includes four centrally symmetrical arc-shaped guide grooves 41 formed on the rotating dial 4 and converging towards the center, and four cross-shaped guide grooves 51 formed on the lower base disc 5, with the positions of the arc-shaped guide grooves 41 and the strip-shaped guide grooves 51 corresponding one-to-one. The lower base disc 5 is also equipped with four rails 6 for defining the sliding direction of the clamping assembly, with the positions of the rails 6 corresponding one-to-one with the strip-shaped guide grooves 51. Furthermore, the surface of the lower base disc 5 is provided with mounting grooves 52 that conform to the shape of the rails 6. Simultaneously, the upper end of the slider 7 of the clamping assembly is provided with a driving slider 71, which passes through the strip-shaped guide grooves 51 and is embedded within the arc-shaped guide grooves 41.

[0054] In the above scheme, the drive slider 71 is a key connecting component. It acts like a pin, linking the rotary dial 4, the lower base disk 5, and the slider 7. The track 6 (such as a linear guide) is precisely fixed in the mounting groove 52 on the surface of the lower base disk 5, providing the slider 7 with a unique and highly accurate radial linear motion direction.

[0055] When the rotary dial 4 rotates, its arc-shaped guide groove 41 pushes the embedded drive slider 71. Since the drive slider 71 is also located within the strip-shaped guide groove 51 of the fixed lower base disk 5, and the entire slider 7 is constrained by the track 6, it cannot follow the arc-shaped groove in a circular motion. The helical shape (or Archimedean spiral) of the arc-shaped guide groove 41 decomposes the rotational motion into a tangential component and a radial component. The tangential component is constrained by the track 6 and the strip-shaped guide groove 51; only the radial component can drive the slider 7 to move linearly along the track 6 and the strip-shaped guide groove 51. Because the four arc-shaped guide grooves 41 are centrally symmetrical, all four sliders 7 achieve completely synchronized centripetal or centrifugal motion, i.e., self-centering. This converts a single rotary input into four synchronized, precise radial linear outputs. This structure is similar to a cam-linkage mechanism, providing smooth transmission and high self-centering accuracy. The application of the track 6 greatly improves the rigidity and guiding accuracy of the clamping assembly's movement.

[0056] For example, the curve of the arc-shaped guide groove 41 can be optimized, such as by using a variable pitch helix, to achieve rapid movement in the initial stage of clamping and deceleration and force amplification in the final stage of clamping. The track 6 can be a higher precision roller linear guide to withstand greater loads and provide higher motion accuracy.

[0057] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the clamping assembly includes slider 7, slider 8, and slider 9 arranged sequentially from top to bottom. Slider 7 has a drive slider 71 at its upper end. The drive slider 71 passes through the strip guide groove 51 and is embedded in the arc guide groove 41. Slider 7 slides along the track 6 and eventually slides along the track 6 as the rotating dial 4 rotates. Slider 8 is slidably connected to the lower end of slider 7. Slider 8 and slider 9 are fixedly connected by bolts. The lower end face of slider 7 and the upper end face of slider 9 are in a state of contact and friction. Due to the preload generated by the bolts between slider 8 and slider 9, a large friction force is also generated between slider 9 and slider 7. At this time, slider 7, slider 8, and slider 9 can be regarded as a whole.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, the lower end face of slider 1 7 is provided with a serrated surface 75, and the upper end face of slider 3 9 is provided with a serrated surface 91. The two are slidably locked together by the preload generated by the bolt between slider 2 8 and slider 3 9, and finally form an anti-shear friction pair.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, a limiting groove 72 extending axially is provided at the lower center of slider 1 7, and limiting blocks 81 adapted to the limiting groove 72 are provided on both sides of slider 2 8. The limiting blocks 81 are embedded in the limiting groove 72 to form a sliding limit. At this time, slider 2 8 can slide along the limiting groove 72, but will not disengage from the limiting groove 72 due to the limiting blocks 81. Furthermore, a downwardly extending protrusion 73 is provided on the left or right side of slider 1 7 corresponding to one end of the limiting groove 72. Slider 2 8 abuts against the protrusion 73 to limit its maximum displacement.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, a precision adjusting component 74 is mounted on slider 7. The precision adjusting component 74 includes a threaded rod 741 and a knob 742. The threaded rod 741 is threadedly connected to the protrusion 73, with one end abutting against slider 8 and the other end fixedly connected to the knob 742. By rotating the knob 742, the threaded rod 741 is driven to move axially, thereby causing slider 8 to finely adjust its position along the sliding direction of the limiting groove 72, that is, to finely adjust the position of slider 8 relative to slider 7. Slider 7 and slider 9 are engaged by serrated surface 75 and serrated surface 91, and are locked in a sliding manner by a preload.

[0061] Slider 1 (7), slider 2 (8), and slider 3 (9) constitute the main body of the clamping assembly. Slider 1 is the main moving component, while sliders 2 and 3 are the adjusting and final clamping components. Slider 2 (8) is "restricted" within the limiting groove 72 of slider 1 (7). A precision adjusting component 74 is mounted on slider 1 (7), with the end of its threaded rod 741 directly pushing against slider 2 (8). Slider 2 (8) and slider 3 (9) are fixed together by bolts, so adjusting slider 2 (8) is equivalent to adjusting slider 3 (9). The serrated surface provides a locking mechanism for manual coarse adjustment over a wide range.

[0062] For example, the threaded rod 741 has millimeter-level graduations on its surface. When the user rotates the knob 742, it can simultaneously drive the slider 8 in the four sets of clamping assemblies to move along the limiting groove 72, producing 5mm of axial travel per revolution.

[0063] In actual adjustment, if coarse adjustment is required: loosen the bolt between slider 2 8 and slider 3 9 to separate the serrated surfaces, manually slide slider 1 7 and slider 3 9 to make a large-range adjustment, and then tighten.

[0064] For fine-tuning: Rotate the knob 742 of the precision adjustment component 74. The knob 742 drives the threaded rod 741 to rotate. Since the threaded rod 741 is threadedly connected to the protrusion 73 on the slider 7, the rotation will cause it to move axially. The end of the threaded rod 741 pushes or retracts, causing the slider 8 (and the slider 9 fixed to it) to move relative to the slider 7 along the direction of the limiting groove 72 at the micrometer level. The protrusion 73 and the limiting stop 81 limit the maximum stroke of the fine-tuning. During the process, the friction generated between the sawtooth surface 75 and the sawtooth surface 91 further makes the movement of the slider 8 more precise, and the adjustment speed is slower and more accurate.

[0065] In this embodiment, the drive unit 2 drives the rotary dial 4 to rotate, and the arc-shaped guide groove 41 on the rotary dial 4 pushes the drive slider 71. Under the constraint of the track 6 and the strip guide groove 51, the rotational motion is precisely converted into the synchronous radial linear motion of the four sliders 7. The four clamping components move synchronously towards the center until they approach the surface of the workpiece. The operator or the control system rotates the knob 742 on the four clamping components one by one or synchronously. The threaded rod 741 pushes the slider 8 and slider 9 to make micron-level position adjustments to compensate for the small errors of the workpiece or to ensure that all jaws contact the thin-walled workpiece at the same time to achieve uniform support. After the fine adjustment is in place, the drive unit 2 can apply the final clamping torque to complete the high-precision, low-stress clamping of the workpiece.

[0066] For example, in this embodiment, the control system uses a Siemens S7-1200 PLC (CPU1214CDC / DC / DC) as the main control unit, and establishes 111 message communication with the servo driver of drive unit 2 through the PROFINET port. The servo driver is equipped with a 23-bit high-precision encoder, which feeds back position and torque data to the PLC's I / O mapping area in real time. The control system can perform two-stage motion control of the clamping component:

[0067] The first rapid positioning stage: Modify the ModePos pin in the FB284 function block to 2 and activate the mode. Drive unit 2 drives the clamping component at 3000rpm. The actual position is compared with the preset value in the DB block in real time through encoder feedback. When the position error is <0.05mm, the CancelTraversing and IntermediateStop signals are triggered.

[0068] The second stage of precise clamping: Modify the ModePos pin in the FB284 function block to 3 and activate the mode, switch to the 40rpm low-speed mode to advance the clamping component at a constant speed, and at the same time read the actual torque value through the PLC's OB35 interrupt organization block, and dynamically adjust it through the closed-loop PID algorithm until the preset target torque value is reached.

[0069] Example 3:

[0070] This embodiment focuses on the part of the fixture that comes into direct contact with the workpiece, emphasizing its versatility, modularity, and ability to adapt to different processing tasks.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, slider 3 9 has a T-shaped structure, including a horizontal part and a vertical part. The horizontal part is adjacent to slider 1 7, and clamping blocks 92 are provided on both sides of the vertical part. The clamping surface of the clamping block 92 is a two-way arc surface structure, which can realize the clamping of the outer circle of the workpiece or the support of the inner hole. The clamping block 92 is detachably connected to slider 3 9 to adapt to workpieces of different sizes.

[0072] Slider 3 9 is the end effector of the clamping assembly. Its T-shaped horizontal section is used to connect with slider 1 7 and slider 2 8, while the vertical section serves as a mounting base. Clamping block 92 is fixed to both sides of the vertical section by bolts or quick-change couplings. In use, the choice of which bidirectional arc surface to use depends on whether the workpiece requires external clamping (clamping the outer circle) or internal support (supporting the inner hole).

[0073] If it is an external clamp: When clamped concentrically, the concave arc surface of the bidirectional arc surface is used to clamp the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece, forming a stable two-point or multi-point contact;

[0074] If it is an internal support: When centrifugal expansion occurs, the convex outer arc surface of the bidirectional arc surface is used to support the inner hole surface of the workpiece.

[0075] When machining a series of workpieces with significant dimensional differences, the bolts can be quickly unscrewed to remove the current clamping block 92 and replace it with another set of clamping blocks 92 of the same size. This greatly enhances the versatility and flexibility of the fixture. By simply replacing the small clamping block 92, a single fixture can adapt to workpieces of different diameters and types (outer diameter / inner diameter), reducing downtime caused by replacing the entire chuck when changing workpieces and lowering spare parts costs. The ingenious bidirectional curved surface design allows a single clamping block 92 to handle both tasks.

[0076] For example, a force sensor can be installed on the contact surface of the clamping block 92. The integrated force sensor array can sense the contact pressure in real time (with a resolution of 0.1N). Combined with a closed-loop feedback algorithm, the clamping force is dynamically adjusted. In the clamping of thin-walled annular workpieces (such as the moving ring steel ring of a helicopter automatic swashplate), the fluctuation of the clamping force is controlled within ±5%, effectively avoiding plastic deformation of the workpiece.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, a stepped recessed mounting groove 32 is formed through the surface of the upper base disk 3 from top to bottom, and a maintenance plate 34 is detachably connected within the mounting groove 32. The mounting groove 32 is a reserved opening located in a non-critical load-bearing area of ​​the upper base disk 3. The maintenance plate 34 is a cover plate whose edge mates with the stepped surface of the mounting groove 32 and is fixed by screws, serving a sealing and protective function under normal conditions.

[0078] When it is necessary to inspect, lubricate, or repair the internal components of the fixture, such as the rotary dial 4 and the guide mechanism, it is not necessary to remove the entire fixture from the machine tool or disassemble the reference plate. Simply unscrew the screws and remove the access panel 34 to create an observation and operation window, providing easy access to the internal components. This greatly improves the maintainability of the equipment. It simplifies complex disassembly work into a simple window opening operation, significantly reducing downtime for maintenance and lowering maintenance difficulty and costs.

[0079] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0080] The above description is merely an example and illustration of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or additions to the specific embodiments described, or use similar methods to replace them, as long as they do not deviate from the invention or exceed the scope defined in the claims, all of which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-functional clamp based on a four-jaw self-centering chuck, characterized in that, include: An outer cover; A drive unit disposed within the outer casing; A reference disk fixed to an outer cover, wherein a rotating dial is rotatably disposed inside the reference disk and is connected to and driven to rotate by the output end of the drive unit; and at least four clamping components; The reference plate is provided with a guide mechanism for driving the radial movement of the clamping components. The guide mechanism cooperates with the rotary dial to synchronously drive the four clamping components to slide radially on the reference plate, so as to clamp or support the workpiece.

2. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reference disk includes an upper base disk, a rotating dial, and a lower base disk arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper base disk and the lower base disk are fixed together and form a circular cavity inside. The rotating dial rotates within the circular cavity, and its rotation axis corresponds to the axis of the drive unit.

3. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the outer cover is concentrically fixedly connected to a fixed flange. The upper base disc is fixedly connected to the end of the outer cover away from the fixed flange via a connecting bracket. Four connecting brackets are evenly distributed circumferentially, and the surface of the outer cover is also provided with an installation groove that matches the shape of the end of the connecting bracket.

4. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the upper base disc has a stepped recessed mounting groove running from top to bottom, and a maintenance plate is detachably connected inside the mounting groove.

5. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 2, characterized in that, The guiding mechanism includes four arc-shaped guide grooves that are centrally symmetrical and converge toward the center of the rotary dial, and four strip-shaped guide grooves that are arranged in a cross pattern on the lower base disc, with the positions of the arc-shaped guide grooves and the strip-shaped guide grooves corresponding one-to-one. The lower base disc is also equipped with four tracks for limiting the sliding direction of the clamping assembly. The tracks correspond one-to-one with the positions of the strip guide grooves. The surface of the lower base disc is also provided with mounting grooves that fit the shape of the tracks.

6. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 5, characterized in that, The clamping assembly includes slider one, slider two and slider three arranged sequentially from top to bottom; The upper end of the slider is provided with a driving slider. The driving slider passes through the strip guide groove and is embedded in the arc guide groove. The slider slides along the track. The lower end of slider one is slidably connected to slider two, and slider two and slider three are fixedly connected by bolts, and the lower end face of slider one and the upper end face of slider three are in a state of contact and friction.

7. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower end face of slider one is provided with a serrated surface one, and the upper end face of slider three is provided with a serrated surface two. The two are slidably locked together by a pre-tightening force.

8. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower end of the slider one is provided with a limiting groove extending along the axial direction, and the two sides of the slider two are provided with limiting blocks that are adapted to the limiting groove. The limiting blocks are embedded in the limiting groove to form a sliding limit. The left or right side of slider one is provided with a downwardly extending protrusion at one end of the limiting groove, and slider two abuts against the protrusion to limit its maximum displacement.

9. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 8, characterized in that, The slider is equipped with a precision adjustment component, which includes a threaded rod and a knob. The threaded rod is threadedly connected to the protrusion, with one end abutting against the second slider and the other end fixedly connected to the knob; by rotating the knob, the threaded rod is driven to move axially, thereby causing the second slider to finely adjust its position along the sliding direction of the limiting groove.

10. The multifunctional clamp according to claim 6, characterized in that, The slider three has a T-shaped structure, including a horizontal part and a vertical part. The horizontal part is adjacent to the slider one, and clamping blocks are provided on both sides of the vertical part. The clamping surface of the clamping block is a bi-directional arc surface structure, which can realize the clamping of the outer circle of the workpiece or the support of the inner hole. The clamping block is detachably connected to the slider three to adapt to workpieces of different sizes.

Images