A copper smelting slag resource utilization system and process

Abstract

This invention discloses a system and process for the resource utilization of copper smelting slag. Utilizing the principle of supergravity-nucleation synergistic separation, it enhances the separation of phases due to density differences, promoting the agglomeration and growth of fine-grained copper and precious metal particles, thus solving the problem of difficult dissociation of fine-grained metallic phases revealed by process mineralogy. This invention directly utilizes the latent heat of the high-temperature molten slag to complete separation and shaping, avoiding energy loss caused by reheating after cooling. The separated slag phase remains in a molten state and, after modification, can be directly used for profile casting, achieving highly efficient energy utilization. This invention features high recovery rates of valuable metals such as gold, silver, and copper, low energy consumption for resource utilization, and the complete use of tailings in the production of building profiles, achieving high-value utilization of tailings. The process flow is short, requires little floor space, and can be adapted to different slag types by adjusting process parameters, making it highly promising for widespread application.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of solid waste resource utilization technology in non-ferrous metal smelting, and particularly relates to a copper smelting slag resource utilization system and process. Background Technology

[0002] The copper smelting process generates approximately 2 to 2.2 tons of molten slag for every ton of copper produced, with global annual emissions exceeding 300 million tons and China's stockpiles reaching 130 million tons. This high-temperature molten slag (1200~1400℃) contains valuable elements such as copper (0.5~3%), gold (0.1~0.5g / t), and silver (2~3g / t), and is also rich in basic elements such as iron (30~45%) and silicon (15~35%).

[0003] Existing copper smelting slag treatment technologies mainly include three categories: pyrometallurgical depletion processes, hydrometallurgical processes, and physical beneficiation technologies. Pyrometallurgical depletion processes utilize high-energy-consuming equipment such as electric furnaces and vacuum furnaces, consuming approximately 1200 kWh per ton of copper smelting slag. Furthermore, electrode consumption is rapid, metal recovery is low, and copper recovery is only 60-70%. Hydrometallurgical processes mainly treat copper smelting slag through methods such as acid leaching and oxygen pressure leaching; however, this process is ineffective at treating refractory metal compounds, requires sophisticated equipment, and has a long reaction cycle. Physical beneficiation technologies mainly employ flotation and magnetic separation methods to treat copper smelting slag. This process requires cooling the copper smelting slag to room temperature before crushing and grinding, wasting latent heat, and involves a long process, high investment, and a high risk of tailings pollution.

[0004] Through process mineralogical studies of copper smelting slag, the following specific challenges were identified in existing copper smelting slag treatment technologies. Firstly, copper is densely embedded. In normal slag, 68.91% of copper is found in matte and 27% in copper arsenide alloys. In difficult-to-process slag, 71.77% of copper is found in matte and 14.22% in copper arsenide alloys, and the flotation properties of copper arsenide alloys are similar to those of matte. Secondly, fine particles are difficult to separate. Particles smaller than 0.010 mm account for 13.16–20.67% of the aggregate. When the grinding fineness reaches 85% (particles smaller than 0.044 mm), the degree of liberation is only 81.88–86.76%, indicating significant dissociation difficulties. Thirdly, the recovery of valuable elements is insufficient. Zinc, with a content of 1.31-1.55%, is mostly dispersed in minerals such as fir olivine; 75.39% of the silver phase is distributed in the 0.003-0.005 mm range; and the gold grade is low, only 0.14-0.58 g / t, and mostly invisible gold, resulting in low recovery rates with traditional processes. Therefore, existing copper smelting slag treatment technologies mainly suffer from serious energy waste, low metal recovery rates, low added value of tailings, and complex process flows. Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a highly efficient resource utilization system and process for copper smelting slag to overcome the aforementioned technical shortcomings such as low recovery rates of valuable metals like gold, silver, and copper, insufficient tailings utilization, numerous processes, large investments, and large land occupation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a resource utilization system and process for copper smelting slag. This invention integrates a complete set of devices including high-gravity separation, electromagnetic heating, coordinated stirring, and tailings modification and molding, enabling efficient separation and coordinated recovery of valuable metals such as gold, silver, and copper. Copper recovery rate is ≥95%, and gold and silver recovery rate is ≥88%. By directly utilizing the latent heat of the molten slag, energy consumption is reduced by more than 80% compared to traditional processes. All tailings are used to produce high-value-added profiles, increasing product added value by more than 5 times. The present invention has a short process flow, a small system footprint, and can achieve investment recovery within 2 years, demonstrating high market application value.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a copper smelting slag resource utilization system, including a hot slag conveying unit, a high-efficiency separation furnace, a valuable metal enrichment unit, a slag modification unit, and a profile casting unit; The hot slag conveying unit includes an inclined guide trough that connects the slag outlet of the copper smelting furnace to the high-efficiency separation furnace. The high-efficiency separation furnace includes a high-temperature resistant furnace body, a magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism, a heating device, a stirring device, a crystal nucleation growth agent addition device, an enriched metal phase discharge outlet, and a depleted slag phase discharge outlet; the magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism generates a supergravity field by driving the copper smelting slag in the high-efficiency separation furnace to rotate, which is used to enhance the separation of phases with different densities; The valuable metal enrichment unit includes a water-quenched granulation component and a solid-liquid separation pressure filtration and dehydration component connected to the enriched metal phase outlet. The water-quenched granulation component is used to cool and granulate the enriched metal phase. The slag modification unit includes a slag recovery bin connected to the lean slag phase discharge outlet and a feeding device for adding additives to the slag recovery bin. The profile casting unit includes a profile casting mold that is connected to the bottom outlet of the slag recovery bin.

[0007] Furthermore, the magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism includes a magnetic levitation bearing and a drive motor with a speed adjustment range of 800~2000 r / min, used to generate a 15~40G hypergravity field.

[0008] Furthermore, the heating device is an induction heating coil installed outside the high-temperature furnace body to prevent the copper smelting slag in the high-efficiency separation furnace from solidifying.

[0009] Furthermore, the stirring device includes a permeable brick located at the bottom of the high-temperature resistant furnace body or a mechanical stirring paddle located inside the high-temperature resistant furnace body; the permeable brick is used to inject inert gas into the furnace body to achieve stirring.

[0010] Furthermore, the water-quenched granulation component includes a water-quenching tank and a high-pressure atomizing nozzle.

[0011] Furthermore, the slag modification unit also includes a paddle-type stirring structure located inside the slag recovery tank, used to fully mix the additives with the lean slag phase.

[0012] Furthermore, the hot slag conveying unit also includes an infrared thermometer and a flow sensor, which are used to monitor the slag temperature in the guide channel and the feed flow rate of the high-efficiency separator, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, the system also includes an intelligent control unit, which is remotely connected to the hot slag conveying unit, high-efficiency separation furnace, valuable metal enrichment unit, slag modification unit and profile casting unit. The system monitors and controls temperature, flow rate, rotation speed, power, amount of nucleation growth agent and additives, nozzle pressure and solenoid valve opening and closing status through a PLC programming controller.

[0014] Secondly, this invention also discloses a process for the resource utilization of copper smelting slag, comprising the following steps: S1. Liquid slag feed Copper smelting slag at 1200~1400℃ is added to a high-efficiency separator at a flow rate of 20~100 t / h; S2. Cooperative Separation The copper smelting slag is driven to rotate in a high-efficiency separation furnace to generate a 15~40G super gravity field. A crystal nucleation growth agent is added to stir the copper smelting slag. The furnace temperature is maintained at 1200~1300℃. The metallic phase settles and accumulates towards the bottom of the furnace, while the depleted slag phase remains in the upper part of the copper smelting slag. S3. Accumulation of valuable metals The metal phase enriched at the bottom of the furnace is discharged from the high-efficiency separation furnace, cooled by water quenching, and then subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain polymetallic copper concentrate; S4. Slag Modification After the upper lean slag phase is discharged from the high-efficiency separator, it is fully mixed with additives and modified to optimize the slag phase forming performance. S5. Profile Casting The modified slag phase is discharged into a preheated mold, naturally cooled and shaped, and then demolded to obtain the profile product.

[0015] Furthermore, the copper smelting slag is rotated at a speed of 800~2000 r / min in a high-efficiency separation furnace, and the co-separation time is 3~5 minutes.

[0016] Furthermore, the additives include at least one of CaO, SiO2, TiO2, and Al2O3.

[0017] This invention provides a system and process for the resource utilization of copper smelting slag. Compared with the prior art, this invention has the following outstanding advantages: (1) The system and process of the present invention significantly improve the recovery rate of valuable metals. The copper recovery rate is increased from 60-85% in the prior art to more than 95%, and the gold and silver recovery rates are both over 88%. The comprehensive utilization rate of resources is greatly improved compared with the prior art.

[0018] (2) The system and process of this invention significantly reduce the energy consumption of resource utilization. By directly utilizing the latent heat of molten slag, the energy consumption per ton of slag is only 420~480kW·h, which is 60~65% lower than the traditional process. It can save more than 50,000 tons of standard coal when processing 1 million tons of slag per year.

[0019] (3) This invention realizes the high-value utilization of tailings. All tailings are used to produce microcrystalline glass plates, building bricks and other profiles, increasing the added value of products by more than 5 times, and avoiding pollution from slag stockpiling.

[0020] (4) By optimizing the copper smelting slag resource utilization process, this invention eliminates the cooling, crushing, and grinding links without affecting the copper smelting slag resource utilization effect. The process is shortened by about 90%, the area occupied by the whole system is reduced by about 90%, and the investment can be recovered within 2 years.

[0021] (5) The system and process of this invention have strong adaptability and have excellent resource utilization and treatment effects for both normal and difficult-to-select copper smelting slags. Different slag types can be adapted simply by adjusting the process parameters. No system and process improvement is required, and the potential for promotion and application is extremely high. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the copper smelting slag resource utilization system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the high-efficiency separation furnace of the present invention.

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Copper smelting furnace, 2. Guide channel, 3. High-efficiency separation furnace, 4. Crystal nucleation agent addition device, 41. Crystal nucleation agent injection port, 5. Water quenching granulation component, 6. Solid-liquid separation pressure filtration and dewatering component, 7. Slag recovery tank, 8. Feeding device, 9. Stirring device, 10. Mold. High-temperature resistant furnace body 31, inner refractory layer 311, outer insulation layer 312, magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism 32, magnetic levitation bearing 321, drive motor 322, heating device 33, stirring device 34, permeable brick 341, stirring paddle 342, enriched metal phase discharge port 35, enriched metal phase discharge pipe 351, depleted slag phase discharge port 36, depleted slag phase discharge pipe 361, temperature monitoring point 371, pressure sensor 372, furnace body tilting device 38, feed port 39. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solution of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, all temperatures mentioned herein are in degrees Celsius, and the preferred embodiments can be freely combined as needed. Those skilled in the art will understand that the data and parameters described in the examples are merely exemplary and do not constitute a limitation of the invention. All components used in the following examples and comparative examples are compounds known in the art, and all equipment used is equipment publicly known in the art. All components and equipment used in this invention can be obtained commercially or prepared using known techniques.

[0027] This invention provides a system for the resource utilization of copper smelting slag, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a hot slag conveying unit, a high-efficiency separation furnace 3, a valuable metal enrichment unit, a slag modification unit, and a profile casting unit; The hot slag conveying unit of this invention includes an inclined guide channel 2, which connects the slag outlet of a copper smelting furnace 1 to a high-efficiency separator 3. Hot copper smelting slag flows directly into the high-efficiency separator 3 through the guide channel 2 and inlet 39. The guide channel 2 is inclined, preferably at an angle of 30-45°, and is lined with corundum ceramic. The guide channel 2 is directly connected to the slag outlet of the copper smelting furnace 1 and is equipped with a sealing device to prevent air from entering. Preferably, the hot slag conveying unit also includes an infrared thermometer and a flow sensor, used to monitor the slag temperature in the guide channel 2 and the feed flow rate of the high-efficiency separator 3, respectively. The preferred slag temperature is 1200-1400℃, and the preferred feed flow rate is 20-100 t / h.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the high-efficiency separation furnace 3 of the present invention includes a high-temperature resistant furnace body 31, a magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism 32, a heating device 33, a stirring device 34, a crystal nucleation growth agent addition device 4, an enriched metal phase discharge outlet 35, and a depleted slag phase discharge outlet 36.

[0029] The high-temperature resistant furnace body 31 is preferably a double-layer high-temperature resistant design. The inner refractory layer 311 is preferably a refractory material with a heat resistance temperature ≥1600℃, such as chromium-magnesium refractory material; the outer insulation layer 312 is preferably an insulation material with a thermal conductivity ≤0.1W / (m·K), such as ceramic fiber, and the thickness of the outer insulation layer 312 is preferably 100~150mm. From the perspective of separation efficiency and separation effect, the volume of the high-temperature resistant furnace body 31 should be designed to be moderate. If the volume is too large, it will be difficult to generate a sufficiently strong gravity field, while if the volume is too small, the single separation efficiency will be limited. Therefore, the high-temperature resistant furnace body 31 is preferably 1.8~2.5m in inner diameter and 3.5~6m in height.

[0030] The magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism 32 includes a magnetic levitation bearing 321 and a drive motor 322. It generates a hypergravity field by driving the copper smelting slag in the high-efficiency separation furnace 3 to rotate. The rotation speed is adjustable from 800 to 2000 r / min, thereby generating a hypergravity field of 15 to 40 G. The copper phase density is 8 to 15 g / cm³. 3 The slag phase density is 2.5~3.0 g / cm³. 3 Based on Stokes' law, a hypergravity field of 15~40G can enhance the separation of metal phase and slag phase with equal density difference.

[0031] The heating device 33 is preferably an induction heating coil installed outside the high-temperature furnace body 31, with a power preferably of 500~1000kW, so as to maintain the furnace temperature at 1200~1300℃ and prevent the copper smelting slag in the high-efficiency separation furnace 3 from solidifying too early.

[0032] The stirring device 34 includes a permeable brick 341 located at the bottom of the high-temperature furnace body 31 and a mechanical stirring paddle 342 located inside the high-temperature furnace body 31. The permeable brick 341 is used to inject inert gas into the high-temperature furnace body 31 to achieve stirring. The rotation speed of the mechanical stirring paddle 342 is preferably 50~100 r / min. Through gas stirring and / or mechanical stirring, the agglomeration of copper particles and phase separation are promoted.

[0033] The nucleation growth agent addition device 4 stores Cu2O-based and / or TiO2-based nucleation growth agents, which are precisely added to the copper smelting slag via a metering pump. The nucleation growth agent is sprayed out from the nucleation growth agent injection port 41 and enters the high-temperature resistant furnace body 31 through the feed port 39. The total amount of Cu2O-based and / or TiO2-based nucleation growth agent added is preferably 0.05~0.1% of the weight of the copper smelting slag, thereby promoting the agglomeration and growth of fine copper particles, enabling fine copper particles with a particle size of less than 0.010 mm to agglomerate into agglomerates with a particle size of ≥0.020 mm, thereby significantly increasing the sedimentation rate of the metal phase.

[0034] This invention, through the design of a magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism 32 and a stirring device 34, and the addition of a crystal nucleation growth agent, effectively solves the problem of difficult dissociation of fine-grained metallic phases revealed by process mineralogical science by utilizing the principle of supergravity-crystal nucleation synergistic separation. Ultimately, the metallic phase settles and accumulates at the bottom of the furnace, while the depleted slag phase remains on top of the copper smelting slag. The metallic phase is discharged from the enriched metallic phase outlet 35 and flows into the water-quenched granulation component 5 via the enriched metallic phase discharge pipe 351; the depleted slag phase is discharged from the depleted slag phase outlet 36 and flows into the slag recovery bin 7 via the depleted slag phase discharge pipe 361. The enriched metallic phase outlet 35 is located at the bottom of the high-temperature resistant furnace body 31 and is equipped with an electromagnetic control valve, preferably with a diameter of 80-120 mm; the depleted slag phase outlet 36 is located above the enriched metallic phase outlet 35 and is equipped with an electromagnetic control valve, preferably with a diameter of 200-300 mm.

[0035] Furthermore, this invention directly utilizes the latent heat of molten copper smelting slag at 1200~1400℃ to complete separation and subsequent casting, avoiding energy loss caused by reheating the slag after cooling. The temperature of the depleted slag phase obtained through supergravity-nucleation synergistic separation is maintained at 1100~1300℃, and after slag modification, it is directly used for profile casting, thereby achieving efficient energy utilization.

[0036] The high-efficiency separation furnace 3 of this invention is also equipped with a temperature monitoring point 371 and a pressure sensor 372 located inside the high-temperature resistant furnace body 31, for real-time monitoring of the temperature and pressure inside the high-temperature resistant furnace body 31. The high-efficiency separation furnace 3 is also equipped with a furnace body tilting device 38, which facilitates tilting the furnace body and cleaning the residue inside the furnace body after the copper smelting slag resource utilization process is completed.

[0037] This invention relates to a valuable metal enrichment unit, comprising a water-quenched granulation component 5 connected to an enriched metal phase discharge outlet 35, and a solid-liquid separation pressure filtration and dewatering component 6 located downstream of the water-quenched granulation component 5. The water-quenched granulation component 5 includes a water quenching tank and a high-pressure atomizing nozzle, wherein the spray pressure of the high-pressure atomizing nozzle is preferably 0.8~1.2 MPa. This process cools and granulates the enriched metal phase into particles with a diameter of 0.01~1 mm. After solid-liquid separation, a polymetallic copper concentrate is obtained. This concentrate is then returned to the smelting system via a polymetallic copper concentrate transport system for further refining, ultimately separating copper, gold, silver, and other precious metal products.

[0038] The slag modification unit of this invention includes a slag recovery tank 7 connected to a depleted slag phase discharge outlet 36 and a feeding device 8 for adding additives to the slag recovery tank 7. The slag recovery tank 7 is equipped with a stirring device 9, whose structure and function are the same as the stirring device 34. It includes a permeable brick located at the bottom of the slag recovery tank 7 and / or a mechanical stirring paddle located inside the slag recovery tank 7. Inert gas can be injected into the slag recovery tank 7 through the permeable brick to achieve stirring, and the mechanical stirring paddle can achieve mechanical stirring. The preferred mechanical stirring speed is 50-100 r / min. Optional additives include CaO, SiO2, TiO2, Al2O3, etc., and the preferred amount of additive used is 0.5-2% of the weight of the depleted slag phase. After the depleted slag phase enters the slag recovery tank 7, additives are added to the depleted slag phase through the feeding device 8, and the stirring device 9 thoroughly mixes the additives with the depleted slag phase, adjusting the slag phase composition and optimizing and modifying the molding properties of the depleted slag phase. The feeding device 8 includes multiple storage tanks, each containing a variety of additives. The feeding metering accuracy of the feeding device 8 should be within ±1%.

[0039] The profile casting unit of this invention includes a profile casting mold 10 connected to the bottom outlet of the slag recovery bin 7. The profile casting mold 10 includes molds of various shapes, such as a brick mold (240×115×53mm) and a plate mold (1200×2400×12mm). The profile casting mold 10 is preferably made of heat-resistant cast iron, and its inner surface is coated with a high-temperature release agent. The modified, depleted slag phase flows into the profile casting mold 10 from the bottom outlet of the slag recovery bin 7. The mold is preheated to 200~300℃ to ensure uniform cooling of the molten depleted slag phase after entering the mold. After the depleted slag phase solidifies, a hydraulic demolding machine is used on a cooling platform to remove the cast profile from the mold. The demolding pressure is preferably 5~10MPa. The cooling platform is connected to a conveyor belt, allowing the cast profile to be transferred to the product area. After naturally cooling to room temperature, the cast profile is inspected and packaged.

[0040] The copper smelting slag resource utilization system of this invention also includes an intelligent control unit, which is remotely connected to the hot slag conveying unit, high-efficiency separation furnace, valuable metal enrichment unit, slag modification unit, and profile casting unit. It integrates control modules for temperature, speed, flow rate, and pressure. A PLC programmable controller monitors and controls the temperature, flow rate, speed, power, amount of nucleation growth agent and additives, nozzle pressure, and solenoid valve opening and closing status in the hot slag conveying unit, high-efficiency separation furnace, valuable metal enrichment unit, slag modification unit, and profile casting unit. Specifically, the temperature control accuracy is ±10℃, and the mold temperature control accuracy is ±5℃; the speed control accuracy is ±10 r / min, and the intensity of the hypergravity field can be adjusted according to the slag type; the amount of nucleation growth agent and additives is automatically adjusted to adapt to the characteristics of both normal and difficult-to-select slags.

[0041] Secondly, this invention also discloses a process for the resource utilization of copper smelting slag, comprising the following steps: S1. Liquid slag feed Copper smelting slag at 1200~1400℃ is added to the high-efficiency separator 3 at a flow rate of 20~100 t / h.

[0042] S2. Cooperative Separation The copper smelting slag is driven to rotate at a speed of 800~2000 r / min in the high-efficiency separator 3 to generate a 15~40G hypergravity field. A crystal nucleation growth agent is added to stir the copper smelting slag. The furnace temperature is maintained at 1200~1300℃. After 3~5 minutes of synergistic separation, the copper phase and metallic phases such as magnetite settle and accumulate at the bottom of the furnace, while the depleted slag phases such as arsenates and silicates remain at the top of the copper smelting slag. The hypergravity field of the present invention is preferably generated by driving the copper smelting slag to rotate at high speed in the high-efficiency separation furnace 3 through a magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism 32; The preferred stirring method of the present invention is to inject inert gas into the copper smelting slag through the permeable brick 341 at the bottom of the high-efficiency separation furnace 3 to achieve stirring, or to use a stirring paddle 342 to rotate at a speed of 50~100 r / min for mechanical stirring. The crystal nucleation agent of the present invention can be a Cu2O-based and / or TiO2-based crystal nucleation agent, preferably a Cu2O-based crystal nucleation agent, and the total amount of crystal nucleation agent added is preferably 0.05~0.1% of the weight of copper smelting slag.

[0043] S3. Accumulation of valuable metals The enriched metal phase at the bottom of the furnace is discharged from the high-efficiency separator 3. After water quenching and solid-liquid separation, the enriched metal phase at the bottom of the furnace is cooled and granulated into particles of 0.01~1mm to obtain polymetallic copper concentrate. This concentrate is then returned to the smelting system for further refining and separation to obtain precious metal products such as copper, gold, and silver. The enriched metal phase at the bottom of the furnace accounts for approximately 0.5~2% of the total weight of the copper smelting slag.

[0044] S4. Slag Modification After being discharged from the high-efficiency separator 3, the upper depleted slag phase is thoroughly mixed with additives for modification to optimize slag phase forming performance. The upper depleted slag phase accounts for approximately 90-95% of the total weight of the copper smelting slag. The additives preferably include at least one of CaO, SiO2, TiO2, and Al2O3, and the amount of additives used is preferably 0.5-2% of the weight of the upper depleted slag phase. Stirring is preferably achieved by injecting inert gas into the copper smelting slag through the permeable bricks at the bottom of the slag recovery bin 7, or by mechanical stirring using a stirring paddle rotating at a speed of 50-100 r / min, ensuring uniform mixing of the upper depleted slag phase and the additives.

[0045] S5. Profile Casting The modified slag phase is discharged into a preheated mold, with the mold preheating temperature preferably being 200~300℃. After natural cooling and molding, microcrystalline glass plates, building bricks and other cast profile products are obtained after demolding.

[0046] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments. The following embodiments or experimental data are intended to illustrate the present invention by way of example, and those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to these embodiments or experimental data.

[0047] Example 1 The copper smelting slag resource utilization system and process of this invention are used to treat normal copper smelting slag. In this embodiment, the normal copper smelting slag contains the following components by weight percentage or unit weight: Cu 1.69%, As 0.11%, Au 0.14 g / t, Ag 2.78 g / t. The treatment process includes the following steps: S1. Liquid slag feed The copper smelting slag at 1400℃ is fed directly into the high-efficiency separation furnace 3 through the inclined guide channel 2 from the copper smelting furnace 1 at a flow rate of 30t / h.

[0048] S2. Cooperative Separation The magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism 2 is activated, driving the copper smelting slag to rotate at a speed of 1500 r / min in the high-efficiency separation furnace 3, generating a 40G hypergravity field; Turn on the heating device 33 and maintain the furnace temperature at 1300℃; turn on the mechanical agitator 342 and set the stirring speed at 100r / min; control the addition of Cu2O crystal nucleation agent by the crystal nucleation agent addition device 4, with the addition amount being 0.05% of the weight of the copper smelting slag; after 3 minutes of co-separation, the copper phase and other valuable metal phases settle and accumulate towards the bottom of the furnace, while the depleted slag phases such as arsenates and silicates remain in the upper part of the copper smelting slag; S3. Accumulation of valuable metals The enriched metal phase at the bottom of the furnace is discharged from the enriched metal phase outlet 35 and flows into the water quenching granulation component 5 through the enriched metal phase discharge pipe 351 for water quenching and cooling. The enriched metal phase at the bottom of the furnace is cooled and granulated into particles of 0.01~1mm. After solid-liquid separation by the solid-liquid separation pressure filtration and dehydration component 6, a polymetallic copper concentrate is obtained. The polymetallic copper concentrate is returned to the smelting system for further refining. The final recovery rates of the copper, gold, silver and other valuable metals obtained by separation and refining are as follows: copper recovery rate 96.3%, gold recovery rate 89.2%, and silver recovery rate 90.5%. S4. Slag Modification The upper depleted slag phase is discharged from the depleted slag phase discharge outlet 36 and flows into the slag recovery bucket 7 through the depleted slag phase discharge pipe 361; the stirring paddle is turned on and the stirring speed is 80 r / min; the additives CaO, SiO2 and TiO2 are added to the depleted slag phase using the feeding device 8, and the amount of additives used is 0.8%, 0.5% and 0.5% of the weight of the depleted slag phase, respectively; after the depleted slag phase and the additives are mixed evenly, the slag modification is completed. S5. Profile Casting The modified slag phase was fed into a 200℃ profile casting mold 10 and allowed to cool naturally to form a microcrystalline glass plate. The microcrystalline glass plate was demolded to obtain the following mechanical properties: compressive strength 128MPa, flexural strength 29MPa.

[0049] Calculations show that the energy consumption for treating 1 ton of slag in this embodiment is 420 kWh, which is 65% lower than that of traditional processes.

[0050] Example 2 The copper smelting slag resource utilization system and process of this invention are used to treat difficult-to-select copper smelting slag. In this embodiment, the difficult-to-select copper smelting slag contains the following components by weight percentage or unit weight: Cu 1.49%, As 0.24%, Au 0.58g / t, Ag 2.08g / t. The treatment process includes the following steps: S1. Liquid slag feed The copper smelting slag at 1300℃ is fed directly into the high-efficiency separation furnace 3 through the inclined guide channel 2 via the inclined guide channel 2.

[0051] S2. Cooperative Separation The magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism 2 is activated, driving the copper smelting slag to rotate at a speed of 800 r / min in the high-efficiency separation furnace 3, generating a 15G hypergravity field; Turn on the heating device 33 and maintain the furnace temperature at 1200℃; inject argon gas into the furnace from the bottom through the permeable brick 341 for stirring, with the argon gas injection pressure at 1.0MPa; add Cu2O crystal nucleation agent through the crystal nucleation agent addition device 4, with the addition amount being 0.1% of the weight of the copper smelting slag; after 5 minutes of co-separation, the copper phase and other metallic phases settle and accumulate at the bottom of the furnace, while the depleted slag phases such as arsenates and silicates remain in the upper part of the copper smelting slag; S3. Accumulation of valuable metals The enriched metal phase at the bottom of the furnace is discharged from the enriched metal phase outlet 35 and flows into the water quenching granulation component 5 through the enriched metal phase discharge pipe 351 for water quenching and cooling. The enriched metal phase at the bottom of the furnace is cooled and granulated into particles of 0.01~1mm. After solid-liquid separation by the solid-liquid separation pressure filtration and dehydration component 6, a polymetallic copper concentrate is obtained. The polymetallic copper concentrate is returned to the smelting system for further refining. The recovery rates of the copper, gold, silver and other valuable metals obtained by the final separation and refining are as follows: copper recovery rate 95.1%, gold recovery rate 88.3%, and silver recovery rate 89.7%. S4. Slag Modification The upper depleted slag phase is discharged from the depleted slag phase discharge outlet 36 and flows into the slag recovery bucket 7 through the depleted slag phase discharge pipe 361; the stirring paddle is turned on and the stirring speed is 80 r / min; the additives CaO, SiO2, Al2O3 and TiO2 are added to the depleted slag phase using the feeding device 8, and the amount of additives used is 0.6%, 0.5%, 0.5% and 0.02% of the weight of the depleted slag phase, respectively; after the depleted slag phase and the additives are mixed evenly, the slag modification is completed; S5. Profile Casting The modified slag phase was fed into a 300℃ profile casting mold 10, and naturally cooled and shaped. After demolding, the building brick was obtained. The mechanical properties of the building brick were tested, and the results are as follows: compressive strength 115MPa, which meets the GB / T 5101-2017 standard.

[0052] Calculations show that the energy consumption for treating 1 ton of slag in this embodiment is 480 kWh, which is 60% lower than that of traditional processes.

[0053] Comparative Example For the normal copper smelting slag in Example 1, a traditional process, namely electric furnace depletion and flotation, was used for resource utilization. The recovery rates of valuable metals such as copper, gold, and silver obtained through separation and refining were calculated, and the results are as follows: copper recovery rate 68.5%, gold recovery rate 55.2%, and silver recovery rate 60.3%. Testing revealed that the tailings still contained 0.35% copper by weight. The tailings were used only for roadbed filling.

[0054] Calculations show that the energy consumption per ton of slag processed by the traditional process in this comparative example is 1200 kW·h.

[0055] A comparison of the embodiments and comparative examples shows that the system and process of the present invention significantly improve the recovery rate of valuable metals. The copper recovery rate increases from 68.5% in the traditional process to over 95%, and the gold and silver recovery rates increase from 55-60% in the traditional process to over 88%. The comprehensive utilization rate of resources is significantly improved compared to the traditional process. The system and process of the present invention significantly reduce processing energy consumption. By directly utilizing the latent heat of molten slag, the energy consumption per ton of slag is only 420-480 kW·h, which is 60-65% lower than the traditional process. Processing 1 million tons of slag annually can save more than 50,000 tons of standard coal. The present invention achieves high-value utilization of tailings. All tailings are used to produce microcrystalline glass plates, building bricks, and other profiles, increasing the added value of products by more than 5 times, and avoiding pollution from slag stockpiling. Without affecting the resource utilization effect of copper smelting slag, the present invention eliminates cooling, crushing, and grinding processes, shortening the process by about 90% and reducing the footprint of the entire system by about 90%. Preliminary estimates suggest that the investment can be recovered within 2 years. Furthermore, the system and process of this invention have extremely strong adaptability and excellent resource utilization and treatment effects for both normal and difficult-to-select copper smelting slags. Different slag types can be adapted simply by adjusting the process parameters, making it extremely valuable for application and promotion.

[0056] All materials used in this invention are commercially available and can be purchased from retail sources. The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A system for the resource utilization of copper smelting slag, characterized in that, The system includes a hot slag conveying unit, a high-efficiency separation furnace, a valuable metal enrichment unit, a slag modification unit, and a profile casting unit; The hot slag conveying unit includes an inclined guide trough that connects the slag outlet of the copper smelting furnace to the high-efficiency separation furnace. The high-efficiency separation furnace includes a high-temperature resistant furnace body, a magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism, a heating device, a stirring device, a crystal nucleation growth agent addition device, an enriched metal phase discharge outlet, and a depleted slag phase discharge outlet; the magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism generates a supergravity field by driving the copper smelting slag in the high-efficiency separation furnace to rotate, which is used to enhance the separation of phases with different densities; The valuable metal enrichment unit includes a water-quenched granulation component and a solid-liquid separation pressure filtration and dehydration component connected to the enriched metal phase outlet. The water-quenched granulation component is used to cool and granulate the enriched metal phase. The slag modification unit includes a slag recovery bin connected to the lean slag phase discharge outlet and a feeding device for adding additives to the slag recovery bin. The profile casting unit includes a profile casting mold that is connected to the bottom outlet of the slag recovery bin.

2. The copper smelting slag resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic levitation resonance rotation mechanism includes a magnetic levitation bearing and a drive motor, with a speed adjustment range of 800~2000 r / min, used to generate a 15~40G hypergravity field.

3. The copper smelting slag resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating device is an induction heating coil installed outside the high-temperature furnace body, used to prevent the copper smelting slag in the high-efficiency separation furnace from solidifying.

4. The copper smelting slag resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stirring device includes a permeable brick located at the bottom of the high-temperature resistant furnace body or a mechanical stirring paddle located inside the high-temperature resistant furnace body; the permeable brick is used to inject inert gas into the furnace body to achieve stirring.

5. The copper smelting slag resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-quenched granulation component includes a water quenching tank and a high-pressure atomizing nozzle.

6. The copper smelting slag resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The slag modification unit also includes a paddle-type stirring structure located in the slag recovery tank, used to fully mix the additives with the lean slag phase.

7. The copper smelting slag resource utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes an intelligent control unit, which is remotely connected to the hot slag conveying unit, high-efficiency separation furnace, valuable metal enrichment unit, slag modification unit and profile casting unit. The system monitors and controls the temperature, flow rate, speed, power, amount of nucleation growth agent and additives, nozzle pressure and solenoid valve opening and closing status through a PLC programming controller.

8. A process for the resource utilization of copper smelting slag, characterized in that, The process includes the following steps: S1. Liquid slag feed Copper smelting slag at 1200~1400℃ is added to a high-efficiency separator at a flow rate of 20~100 t / h; S2. Cooperative Separation The copper smelting slag is driven to rotate in a high-efficiency separation furnace to generate a 15~40G super gravity field. A crystal nucleation growth agent is added to stir the copper smelting slag. The furnace temperature is maintained at 1200~1300℃. The metallic phase settles and accumulates towards the bottom of the furnace, while the depleted slag phase remains in the upper part of the copper smelting slag. S3. Accumulation of valuable metals The metal phase enriched at the bottom of the furnace is discharged from the high-efficiency separation furnace, cooled by water quenching, and then subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain polymetallic copper concentrate; S4. Slag Modification After the upper lean slag phase is discharged from the high-efficiency separator, it is fully mixed with additives and modified to optimize the slag phase forming performance. S5. Profile Casting The modified slag phase is discharged into a preheated mold, naturally cooled and shaped, and then demolded to obtain the profile product.

9. The copper smelting slag resource utilization process according to claim 8, characterized in that, The copper smelting slag is rotated at a speed of 800~2000 r / min in a high-efficiency separation furnace, and the co-separation time is 3~5 minutes.

10. The copper smelting slag resource utilization process according to claim 8, characterized in that, The additives include at least one of CaO, SiO2, TiO2, and Al2O3.

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