Inlet / outlet waterway hydraulic model and manufacturing method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic model technology, and particularly relates to an inlet / outlet hydraulic model, comprising: a reservoir body as a fixed container; perforated bricks set inside the reservoir body as the base filling of the model; variable modules as the framework of the steep slope of the model; PVC plastic pipes forming the framework of the gentle slope of the model; plastic flexible sheets laid on the surface of the variable modules and PVC plastic pipes; and rubber sheets bonded to the outer layer of the plastic flexible sheets. This application adopts modular component assembly, eliminating disposable consumables such as cement and sand, making model construction simpler and laying the foundation for green recycling and efficient production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic model technology, and particularly relates to an inlet / outlet hydraulic model and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] Pumped storage power stations, as important energy storage and peak-shaving facilities in water conservancy and hydropower projects, have their inlet / outlet as the core hydraulic structures of their water conveyance system, which directly determine the power station's water conveyance efficiency and operational safety. During the engineering design and detailed drawing phase, it is necessary to verify whether the hydraulic indicators and reservoir flow patterns meet the design specifications through hydraulic model tests at the inlet / outlet. Accurately simulating the topography of the inlet / outlet and the surrounding reservoir area is crucial to ensuring the reliability of the test results.

[0003] Currently, hydraulic models for inlets and outlets are generally constructed using traditional methods: first, the model's boundaries are built with bricks; then, sand is filled within the outline to create a preliminary terrain; elevation control points are repeatedly marked using rulers and levels; finally, cement mortar is applied to the sand surface and left to cure. This traditional method has many inherent drawbacks and can no longer meet the needs of green, efficient, and low-cost engineering testing. 1. Long production cycle and low efficiency: The processes of building the boundary, filling and shaping with sand, marking the elevation, applying cement and curing all rely on a lot of manual labor. The production cycle of a single inlet / outlet model can be as long as 2-3 months, which seriously slows down the test progress.

[0004] 2. High material consumption and extremely low reuse rate: After the model test, the brick boundary and cement plaster layer need to be removed and discarded, as they cannot be reused. A single model typically consumes 50 cubic meters of sand and 2-3 tons of cement, resulting in high material costs and serious waste of resources.

[0005] 3. Difficult to demolish and poor environmental impact: Cement mortar has high hardness after curing, making demolition time-consuming and labor-intensive, and generating a large amount of construction waste, which does not meet the requirements of green construction and environmental protection.

[0006] 4. Insufficient terrain adaptability: The traditional sand-cement plastering process has limited accuracy in fitting complex terrains such as steep and gentle slopes, and the surface flatness is difficult to control precisely, which can easily affect the accuracy of hydraulic test results.

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, there is an urgent need to develop a method for producing inlet / outlet hydraulic models that are efficient, use recyclable materials, are environmentally friendly, and have strong terrain adaptability. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned technical problems by providing an inlet / outlet hydraulic model and its manufacturing method.

[0009] In view of this, the present invention provides an inlet / outlet hydraulic model, comprising: The reservoir serves as a fixed container; Hollow bricks are placed inside the reservoir and used as the base filling for the model; Variable modules serve as the framework for the steep slope of the model; PVC plastic pipes form the framework of the model's gentle slope. Plastic flexible sheets are laid on the surface of the variable modules and PVC plastic pipes; Rubber sheeting is bonded and laid on the outer layer of the plastic flexible board; Wooden planks were laid on the model in the area above the test water level; Modeling clay is used for connecting curved surfaces between different components, filling gaps, and making model accessories.

[0010] Furthermore, the hollowed-out bricks are stacked inside the reservoir to form a model of flat terrain.

[0011] Furthermore, both the reservoir body and the variable module are made of steel.

[0012] Furthermore, the variable module is adapted to bank slopes with a gradient of 1:0.5 to 1:3, and the PVC plastic pipe is adapted to bank slopes with a gradient of 1:3 to 1:6.

[0013] Furthermore, the variable module is connected to the hollow brick block by screws, and the PVC plastic pipe is fixedly connected to the hollow brick block.

[0014] Furthermore, the hollowed-out brick is square.

[0015] Furthermore, the model accessories include sand-retaining embankments and slag-retaining walls.

[0016] A method for fabricating an inlet / outlet hydraulic model, comprising the following steps: The reservoir body was customized according to the experimental requirements, and the terrain outline and elevation of the model were marked on the bottom surface of the reservoir body; In flat terrain areas of the model, place the hollow bricks according to the marked outline and stack them to the target elevation; For gentle slopes with a ratio of 1:3 to 1:6, PVC plastic pipes are fixed as the slope framework, and plastic soft boards and rubber sheets are laid on the surface of the framework in sequence. For steep slopes of 1:0.5 to 1:3, variable modules and hollow bricks are connected with screws to form a slope skeleton, and plastic soft board and rubber sheet are laid on the surface of the skeleton in sequence. Use clay to create curved transitions and fill gaps at the joints of the components, and also use clay to make model accessories; Wooden planks were laid in the area of ​​the model that was above the test water level.

[0017] Furthermore, the plastic flexible board, rubber sheet, and corresponding frame are connected and fixed by screws.

[0018] Furthermore, after the test is completed, all components are disassembled in reverse order without damage and recycled for reuse.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This application uses modular components for assembly, eliminating disposable materials such as cement and sand, making model building simpler and laying the foundation for green recycling and efficient production. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a reservoir body according to an inlet / outlet hydraulic model proposed in this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow brick structure of an inlet / outlet hydraulic model proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the PVC plastic pipe arrangement structure of the inlet / outlet hydraulic model method proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the variable module arrangement of an inlet / outlet hydraulic model proposed in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the plastic flexible plate and rubber sheet of the inlet / outlet hydraulic model proposed in this invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the wooden board arrangement for an inlet / outlet hydraulic model proposed in this invention.

[0021] The markings in the diagram are as follows: 1. Reservoir body; 2. Perforated bricks; 3. Variable modules; 4. PVC plastic pipes; 5. Wooden boards; 6. Plastic flexible boards; 7. Rubber sheets. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to this application. For ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0024] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and not to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such use of data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of this application can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and are not limited in number; for example, a first object can be one or more. Furthermore, in the specification and claims, "and / or" indicates at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0025] It should be noted that in the description of this application, the directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0026] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element. Furthermore, it should be noted that the scope of the methods and apparatuses in the embodiments of this application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, but may also include performing functions substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0027] Reference Figures 1 to 5 A hydraulic model for inlet / outlet water supply, comprising: Reservoir body 1 serves as a fixed container; Hollow brick 2 is placed inside the reservoir body 1 and used as the basic filling of the model; Variable module 3 serves as the framework for the steep slope of the model; 4 PVC plastic pipes form the framework of the gentle slope of the model; Plastic flexible board 6 is laid on the surface of variable module 3 and PVC plastic pipe 4; Rubber sheet 7 is bonded and laid on the outer layer of plastic flexible sheet 6; Wooden plank 5 was laid on the model in the area above the test water level; Modeling clay is used for connecting curved surfaces between different components, filling gaps, and making model accessories.

[0028] This application adopts modular component assembly, eliminating disposable consumables such as cement and sand, making model building simpler and laying the foundation for green recycling and efficient production.

[0029] In the example of this application, the hollow bricks 2 are stacked inside the reservoir body 1 to form a flat terrain model. The hollow bricks 2 are lightweight and easy to stack, which greatly reduces the difficulty of filling and material consumption.

[0030] In the example of this application, both the reservoir body 1 and the variable module 3 are made of steel. The steel reservoir body 1 and the variable module 3 have high structural strength and stable dimensions, and can be reused for a long time, thus improving the durability and reusability of the model.

[0031] In the example of this application, the variable module 3 is adapted to bank slopes with a gradient of 1:0.5 to 1:3, and the PVC plastic pipe 4 is adapted to bank slopes with a gradient of 1:3 to 1:6. The corresponding skeleton can be matched according to the slope, the bank slope fitting accuracy is high, it is adapted to different steep terrains, and it takes into account both production efficiency and simulation accuracy.

[0032] In the example of this application, the variable module 3 is connected to the hollow brick 2 by screws, and the PVC plastic pipe 4 is fixedly connected to the hollow brick 2. The variable module 3 is a rigid steel component. By adjusting the screw connection points between it and the hollow brick 2 (slope foot / slope top), it can move back and forth / up and down to change the tilt angle of the module (achieved by assembling with the position of the hollow brick 2). It can adapt to any steep slope between 1:0.5 and 1:3 without replacing the module. It adopts a multi-segment splicing structure. By increasing or decreasing the number of modules and adjusting the splicing length, it can adapt to steep slopes of different heights and lengths, meet the needs of different model sizes, and form a regular steep slope skeleton after module combination. With the help of plastic soft board and rubber skin, it can quickly fit a flat slope surface, replacing the fixed shape of traditional cement plastering. Disassembly and adjustment of the shape do not require damage to the components.

[0033] In the example of this application, the hollow brick 2 is square. The square hollow brick 2 is stacked neatly and positioned accurately, which improves the efficiency of building on flat terrain and the flatness of the finished product.

[0034] In the example of this application, the model accessories include sand-retaining embankments and slag-retaining walls. The accessories are made of modeling clay, which are flexible to process, require no consumables, and can quickly form complex structures such as sand-retaining embankments and slag-retaining walls.

[0035] A method for fabricating an inlet / outlet hydraulic model, comprising the following steps: Reservoir 1 was customized according to the experimental requirements, and the terrain outline and elevation of the model were marked on the bottom surface of reservoir 1. In a flat terrain area of ​​the model, place the hollow bricks 2 according to the marked outline and stack them to the target elevation; For gentle slopes of 1:3 to 1:6, PVC plastic pipes 4 are fixed as the slope skeleton, and plastic soft boards 6 and rubber sheets 7 are laid on the surface of the skeleton in sequence. For steep slopes of 1:0.5 to 1:3, the variable module 3 and the hollow brick 2 are connected by screws to form a slope skeleton, and plastic soft board 6 and rubber sheet 7 are laid on the surface of the skeleton in sequence. Use clay to create curved transitions and fill gaps at the joints of each component, and use clay to make model accessories (not shown in the figure). Wooden planks were laid in the area of ​​the model above the test water level.

[0036] This application adopts a modular, step-by-step production method, which greatly simplifies the process, reduces manual labor input, and shortens the model production cycle from 2-3 months to 20-30 days, significantly improving production efficiency.

[0037] In the example of this application, the plastic soft plate 6, the rubber skin 7 and the corresponding skeleton are connected and fixed by screws. The screws fix the surface components, and the surface fits tightly, smoothly and continuously, ensuring the accuracy of the hydraulic flow simulation of the model.

[0038] In the example of this application, after the test is completed, all components are disassembled in reverse order without damage, and then recycled for reuse. Reverse disassembly without damage and recycling of all components result in no construction waste, 100% material reuse rate, and a 50% reduction in model making cost.

[0039] The embodiments of this application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. This application is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of this application without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims, and all of these forms are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hydraulic model for an inlet / outlet, characterized in that, include: The reservoir body (1) serves as a fixed container; Hollow bricks (2) are placed inside the reservoir body (1) and used as the base filling of the model; Variable module (3) serves as the framework for the steep slope of the model; PVC plastic pipes (4) form the framework of the gentle slope of the model; Plastic flexible board (6) is laid on the surface of variable module (3) and PVC plastic pipe (4); Rubber sheet (7) is bonded and laid on the outer layer of plastic flexible board (6); Wooden planks (5) were laid on the model in the area above the test water level to serve as an observation platform; Modeling clay is used for connecting curved surfaces between different components, filling gaps, and making model accessories.

2. The inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow bricks (2) are stacked inside the reservoir body (1) to form a model of flat terrain.

3. The inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both the reservoir body (1) and the variable module (3) are made of steel.

4. The inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 3, characterized in that, The variable module (3) is adapted to bank slopes with a gradient of 1:0.5 to 1:3, and the PVC plastic pipe (4) is adapted to bank slopes with a gradient of 1:3 to 1:

6.

5. The inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 4, characterized in that, The variable module (3) is connected to the hollow brick (2) by screws, and the PVC plastic pipe (4) is fixedly connected to the hollow brick (2).

6. The inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 5, characterized in that, The hollow brick (2) is square.

7. The inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 6, characterized in that, The model accessories include sand-retaining embankments and slag-retaining walls.

8. A method for fabricating an inlet / outlet hydraulic model, used to prepare an inlet / outlet hydraulic model as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The reservoir body (1) was customized according to the experimental requirements, and the terrain outline and elevation of the model were marked on the bottom surface of the reservoir body (1); In flat terrain areas of the model, hollow bricks are placed according to the calibration outline (2) and stacked to the target elevation; For gentle slopes of 1:3 to 1:6, PVC plastic pipes (4) are fixed as the slope skeleton, and plastic soft boards (6) and rubber sheets (7) are laid on the surface of the skeleton in sequence. For steep slopes of 1:0.5 to 1:3, the variable module (3) and the hollow brick (2) are connected by screws to form a slope skeleton, and plastic soft board (6) and rubber sheet (7) are laid on the surface of the skeleton in sequence. Use clay to create curved transitions and fill gaps at the joints of the components, and also use clay to make model accessories; Wooden planks were laid in the area of ​​the model above the test water level (5).

9. A method for fabricating an inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 8, characterized in that, The plastic flexible board (6), rubber sheet (7) and the corresponding skeleton are connected and fixed by screws.

10. A method for fabricating an inlet / outlet hydraulic model according to claim 8, characterized in that, After the test is completed, all components are disassembled in reverse order without damage and recycled for reuse.

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