A device and construction method for waterproofing membrane laying in a key area of a pile head

Abstract

This invention provides a device and construction method for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads, relating to the field of waterproofing construction technology. It includes a base, a support rod movably connected above the base, an upper clamp fixedly mounted at the top of the support rod, and a lower clamp connected to the support rod body. The lower clamp includes a lower support fixedly connected to the support rod. A circumferential cutting component is slidably connected to the support rod, a flame-jetting component is mounted on the lower support, a centering component is installed inside the base, and several rollers are installed at the bottom of the base. The beneficial effects of this invention are: reasonable design, effective utilization of irregularly shaped waterproof membranes, reduced construction waste rate of waterproof membranes, improved efficiency of irregularly shaped waterproof membranes, reduced construction costs, and the goal of achieving zero leakage during the service life of underground structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of construction waterproofing technology, and in particular to a device and construction method for laying waterproof membrane in key areas of pile heads. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of my country's social economy, while urban buildings are constantly expanding upwards, the development and utilization of underground space has also become an important direction, such as underground shopping malls, underground parking lots, and underground high-speed railway stations. When developing and utilizing urban underground space, the impact of groundwater buoyancy must be given due attention by designers and construction personnel. The groundwater level plays a crucial role in the anti-buoyancy engineering of underground space structures. Improper groundwater level selection can lead to buoyancy damage during the building's service life, affecting its usability and even causing structural instability. Currently, the main anti-buoyancy method for underground space structures in construction is the design of anti-uplift cast-in-place piles (hereinafter referred to as anti-uplift piles). Anti-uplift piles utilize the pile's own weight and side friction to provide anti-uplift (buoyancy) force. Compared with other anti-buoyancy measures, they have the advantages of high anti-uplift force, minimal disturbance to the surrounding soil, full utilization of the original soil strength, no need for excavation, convenient construction, and high cost-effectiveness, leading to their increasingly high utilization rate in underground anti-buoyancy engineering. However, after the tension piles are poured, the pile heads need to be crushed and ground, and the raft foundation reinforcement and tension pile reinforcement need to be tied and poured together to form a pile foundation-raft foundation structure to ensure the stability of the underground structure. Due to the influence of high groundwater levels and seasonal fluctuations in some areas, the waterproofing design of underground structures has received increasing attention and importance from engineers, and waterproofing measures and construction techniques are constantly being optimized and upgraded.

[0003] The existing waterproofing measures for the pile heads of underground space structures mainly involve laying 2-3 layers of waterproof membrane (pre-laid layer + waterproof reverse adhesive reinforcement layer) and applying waterproofing expansion adhesive and waterproofing crystallizer to key leakage-prone points for enhanced waterproofing. In underground space structures, the pile heads of tension piles are typical leakage-prone areas. Improper treatment in this area can lead to leakage risks, potentially causing instability in the underground structure's waterproofing system, resulting in significant additional costs for later operation and maintenance, and adverse social impacts. Existing waterproofing measures for pile heads mainly consist of two layers of waterproof membrane, waterproof crystallizer, and water-stopping gel. The specific construction process involves cutting the waterproof membrane to the appropriate size and location according to the pile head, evenly applying the waterproof crystallizer to the pile head and sides, and applying the corresponding water-stopping gel to the joint between the pile head (hereinafter referred to as the pile bottom) and the waterproof membrane. This method is currently widely used for waterproofing pile heads and foundation slabs in various underground structures, offering significant advantages such as simple construction, good waterproofing performance, and combined waterproofing. However, due to the need for manual cutting of the waterproof membrane, limitations imposed by the skill level of construction workers and the availability of construction machinery result in insufficient bonding between the waterproof membrane and the pile bottom. The tight construction and the difficulty in cutting the irregular structure of the pile head lead to significant waste of waterproof membrane during construction. Some of the cut waterproof membrane has to be discarded, resulting in a significant increase in construction material costs and environmental pollution. This construction method will inevitably create large waterproof construction joints, which can easily cause groundwater to rise along the pull-out piles, thus affecting the overall waterproof effect of the underground structure. Even if water-stopping gel is used in the design and construction to seal the joints, this treatment method has a good waterproof and water-stopping effect in the early stage of underground structure operation, but there is still a significant risk of waterproof failure in long-term service. The waterproof crystallization applied around the pile also has the significant defect of being prone to failure in long-term service.

[0004] How to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is the challenge facing this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a rationally designed device and construction method for laying waterproof membranes in critical areas of pile heads, which enables the effective use of irregularly shaped waterproof membranes and reduces the construction loss rate of waterproof membranes.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: The present invention provides a device for laying waterproof membrane in the key area of ​​pile head, including a base, a support rod movably connected above the base, an upper clamp fixedly installed at the top of the support rod, a lower clamp connected to the support rod body, and the lower clamp including a lower bracket fixedly connected to the support rod. A ring-cutting assembly is slidably connected to the support rod, and a flame-jetting assembly is provided on the lower bracket; The base is equipped with a centering component, and the bottom of the base is equipped with several rollers.

[0007] The base includes a hollow, disc-shaped shell, with a secondary gear rotatably connected to the center of the shell. The shaft of the secondary gear is coaxial with the axis of the circular base plate of the shell. A main gear is rotatably connected inside the housing, and a first motor is coaxially connected to the main gear. The main gear meshes with the secondary gear. The top of the auxiliary gear is provided with several strip-shaped grooves that penetrate the auxiliary gear. The strip-shaped grooves are evenly distributed and radially arranged along the circumference of the auxiliary gear, and extend from the edge of the central hole of the auxiliary gear to the root circle region. The housing is movably connected to a plurality of centering rods, which are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the housing. The outer end of each centering rod is provided with an arc-shaped top plate. The centering rod body is horizontally slidably connected to the housing, and the inner end of each centering rod is provided with a vertical column. Each of the columns is located in one of the strip grooves and is fitted with the groove width. When the column is located at the innermost end of the strip groove, the top plate is in contact with the housing. When the column moves toward the edge of the auxiliary gear, the top plate moves from the housing toward the outside. A threaded hole is provided at the center of the top of the base, and the threaded hole is internally connected to the thread at the bottom of the support rod.

[0008] The support rod is vertically connected to the base, and the upper clamp includes an upper bracket and an upper clamping ring. The top end of the support rod is fixedly connected to the upper clamping ring through the upper bracket. The upper clamping ring is made of low-carbon steel and has an embedded electromagnetic coil made of enameled copper wire. The coil is connected to an external power source through the wire channel of the upper bracket. The lower clamping ring is also made of magnetic material and is movably connected to the lower bracket.

[0009] Both the upper support and the lower support include several L-shaped frames that are fixedly connected to the support rod. One end of the lower support is connected to the support rod, and the other end is provided with a horizontal fixing ring. The top of the fixing ring is movably connected to the lower clamping ring. The lower clamping ring is correspondingly arranged with the upper clamping ring. A plurality of telescopic rods are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower clamping ring. The top surface of the fixed ring is provided with an annular groove that cooperates with the lower clamping ring. The bottom of the annular groove is slidably connected to the lower clamping ring through the telescopic rods. A plurality of tension springs are also provided between the lower clamping ring and the bottom of the annular groove.

[0010] The circumferential cutting assembly includes a blade holder, which is a ring structure and includes a sliding sleeve that is slidably connected to the support rod in the middle. A ring of downward-facing toothed blades is provided on the outer periphery of the blade holder.

[0011] The outer side of the sliding sleeve is provided with threads 702 and a motor frame; the threads of the sliding sleeve engage with a tapered roller, the tapered roller is coaxially connected to a second motor, and the second motor is fixedly connected to the upper bracket through the motor frame.

[0012] The surface of the conical roller is covered with rubber, and the preload is increased to make the roller press more tightly against the spiral surface.

[0013] The support rod is provided with a limiting block, which is fixedly installed on the support rod and located between the tool holder and the upper clamping ring. A spring is provided at the bottom of the tool holder.

[0014] The flame jet assembly includes several flame jet heads arranged in a ring around the lower support. Fuel is supplied through a pre-installed liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) pipe within the lower support, which passes through the support rod. The number of flame jet heads and heating intensity can be appropriately increased based on site requirements and the properties of the rolled material. Each flame jet head valve is individually controlled to avoid fuel waste and safety hazards caused by flame jetting.

[0015] The first motor is electrically connected to a switch, and the switch is located outside the base; The second motor is electrically connected to the internal wiring of the support rod via the upper bracket and has a control switch. The coil of the upper clamping ring is electrically connected to the internal wiring of the support rod via the upper bracket and a control switch.

[0016] A construction method for an apparatus for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads includes the following steps: S1. Install the base inside the pile head reinforcement and use the centering component to position the base at the center of the pile head; S2. Install the support rod and rotate the support rod to adjust the connection between the bottom thread and the base thread hole so that the height of the support rod matches the height of the pile head reinforcement on site. S3. Compare the shape of the pre-laid waterproof membrane with the outer edge of the pile to determine the waterproof membrane laying and overlapping scheme. S4. Insert the waterproof membrane into the space between the upper and lower clamping rings from one side, and turn on the power through the control switch to clamp the waterproof membrane between the upper and lower clamping rings. S5. Turn on the flame nozzle to heat the waterproof membrane to give it good plasticity and adhesion; S6. Drive the conical rollers with the second motor to rotate and lower the ring cutting assembly to cut the excess waterproof membrane as a whole, and then tightly attach the cut waterproof membrane to the bottom plate and the side of the pile head area. S7. Apply waterproof gel to the construction joint between the pile side membrane and the pile head to ensure that the construction joint of the waterproof membrane is filled tightly. S8. Move the device to the next pile location and repeat the above steps until all pile head waterproofing treatment and base slab roll material laying are completed.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the leakage phenomenon in the pile head area of ​​the pull-out pile caused by the capillary rise of groundwater and seasonal fluctuations in the underground space structure can be significantly suppressed. With the help of this device and method, the waterproof membrane required for the bottom plate area of ​​the pull-out pile head and the concrete of the pile side can be accurately cut and constructed, realizing the effective use of irregularly shaped waterproof membrane and reducing the construction loss rate of waterproof membrane. This invention effectively overcomes the defect of existing construction joints in waterproof membrane laying that are left at the bottom of the pile, which can easily cause leakage. By wrapping upwards, it achieves an integrated waterproof system from the pile head area to the pile bottom and the pile side. While raising the existing construction joints, it effectively reduces the number of construction joints. The application of water-stop gel at the corresponding locations can ensure the integrity and long-term service stability of the waterproof system, minimize the risk of leakage in the pile head area, and achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement in the waterproof construction of underground space structures. This invention can effectively reduce the number of roll material construction joints in the pile head-base plate connection section. The integrated upward wrapping construction method of the roll material significantly improves the waterproofing effect in the easily leaking areas of the pile head, and enhances the waterproofing stability. This invention effectively utilizes irregularly shaped roll materials by performing integrated cutting, significantly reducing the construction loss rate of roll materials and thus achieving effective control of construction material costs. This invention can achieve a refined cutting process that meets the requirements of laying roll material with different pile diameters and pile head heights by using upper and lower clamps and ring cutting tools. It can effectively reduce the gap between roll material and pile head caused by insufficient precision of manual construction and limited construction surface of existing equipment, and achieve simultaneous improvement of construction precision and waterproofing efficiency. This invention achieves the upward shift of the construction joint by wrapping the roll material upwards around the pile side, and the application of waterproof gel at the construction joint can maximize the waterproof effect of the pile head, thus achieving targeted enhancement of the waterproof performance in areas prone to leakage. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is the front view of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the base of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial front view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a partial three-dimensional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a flowchart illustrating the construction process of this invention.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative distribution of the base plate and the pile head positions of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the waterproof membrane laying for the pre-reserved concrete and reinforcing steel bars at the pile head in this invention.

[0026] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Base; 101. Roller; 102. Housing; 103. Main gear; 104. First motor; 105. Secondary gear; 106. Centering rod; 107. Top plate; 108. Column; 109. Strip groove; 110. Switch; 2. Support rod; 201. Limiting block; 3. Upper clamp; 301. Upper bracket; 302. Upper clamping ring; 4. Lower clamp; 401. Lower bracket; 40 2. Lower clamping ring; 403. Fixing ring; 404. Telescopic rod; 405. Tension spring; 5. Knife holder; 501. Sliding sleeve; 502. Spring; 6. Toothed cutter; 7. Conical roller; 701. Second motor; 702. Motor frame; 8. Flame jet head; 9. Waterproof membrane; 10. Pile head; 11. Pile head reinforcement; 12. Overlap of adjacent waterproof membranes; 13. Reserved thickness of pile head concrete; 15. Construction joint sealing gel. Detailed Implementation To clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the following detailed implementation method will be used to explain the solution.

[0027] See Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment is a device for laying waterproof membrane in the key area of ​​the pile head, including a base 1. The area of ​​the base 1 is slightly smaller than that of the pile head 10 area, the diameter is 30-50cm, and the weight is not less than 10kg. A support rod 2 is movably connected above the base 1. An upper clamp 3 is fixedly installed at the top of the support rod 2. A lower clamp 4 is connected to the body of the support rod 2. The lower clamp 4 includes a lower bracket 401 fixedly connected to the support rod 2. A ring-cutting assembly is slidably connected to the support rod 2, and a flame jet assembly is installed on the lower bracket 401; The base 1 is equipped with a centering component, and the bottom of the base 1 is equipped with several rollers 101.

[0028] The base 1 includes a hollow, disc-shaped shell 102, with a secondary gear 105 rotatably connected in the center of the shell 102. The shaft of the secondary gear 105 is coaxial with the axis of the circular base plate of the shell 102. A main gear 103 is rotatably connected inside the housing 102. A first motor 104 is coaxially connected to the main gear 103. The main gear 103 meshes with the auxiliary gear 105. The top of the auxiliary gear 105 is provided with several strip-shaped grooves 109 that penetrate the auxiliary gear 105. The strip-shaped grooves 109 are evenly distributed and radially arranged around the circumference of the auxiliary gear 105. The strip-shaped grooves 109 extend from the edge of the central hole of the auxiliary gear 105 to the tooth root circle area. The housing 102 is movably connected to a number of centering rods 106. The centering rods 106 are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the housing 102. An arc-shaped top plate 107 is provided at the outer end. The centering rods 106 are horizontally slidably connected to the housing 102. A vertical column 108 is provided at the inner end of the centering rods 106. Each column 108 is located in its strip groove 109 and matches the width of the strip groove 109. When the column 108 is located at the innermost end of the strip groove 109, the top plate 107 is in contact with the housing 102. When the column 108 moves toward the edge of the auxiliary gear 105, the top plate 107 moves from the housing 102 toward the outside. A threaded hole is provided at the center of the top of the base 1. The threaded hole is connected to the thread at the bottom of the support rod 2. The height of the support rod 2 can be adjusted from 0 to 10 cm. The top of the support height is slightly higher than the length of the protruding steel bar of the pile head 10.

[0029] The support rod 2 is vertically connected to the base 1. The upper clamp 3 includes an upper bracket 301 and an upper clamping ring 302. The top of the support rod 2 is fixedly connected to the upper clamping ring 302 through the upper bracket 301. The upper clamping ring 302 is made of low carbon steel and has an electromagnetic coil made of enameled copper wire embedded inside. The coil is connected to an external power source through the wire channel of the upper bracket 301. The lower clamping ring 402 is also made of magnetic material and is movably connected to the lower bracket 401.

[0030] Both the upper support 301 and the lower support 401 include several L-shaped frames that are fixedly connected to the support rod 2. One end of the lower support 401 is connected to the support rod 2, and the other end is provided with a horizontal fixing ring 403. The top of the fixing ring 403 is movably connected to the lower clamping ring 402. The lower clamping ring 402 is correspondingly arranged with the upper clamping ring 302. Several telescopic rods 404 are evenly arranged on the bottom surface of the lower clamping ring 402. The top surface of the fixing ring 403 is provided with an annular groove that cooperates with the lower clamping ring 402. The bottom of the annular groove is slidably connected to the lower clamping ring 402 through the telescopic rods 404. Several tension springs 405 are also provided between the lower clamping ring 402 and the bottom of the annular groove.

[0031] The ring cutting assembly includes a tool holder 5, which is a ring structure and includes a sliding sleeve 501 that is slidably connected to the support rod 2 in the middle. A ring of downward-facing toothed cutters 6 is provided on the outer periphery of the tool holder 5.

[0032] The sliding sleeve 501 is provided with threads 702 and motor frame; the threads of the sliding sleeve 501 engage with a conical roller 7, the conical roller 7 is coaxially connected to a second motor 701, and the second motor 701 is fixedly connected to the upper bracket 301 through the motor frame 702.

[0033] The tapered roller 7 has a rubber coating and increased preload to press the roller more firmly against the spiral surface.

[0034] The support rod 2 is provided with a limit block 201. The limit block 201 is fixedly installed on the support rod 2 and located between the tool holder 5 and the upper clamping ring 302. A spring 502 is provided at the bottom of the tool holder 5.

[0035] The flame jet assembly includes several flame jet heads 8, which are installed in a ring and distributed on the lower support 401. Fuel is supplied through a liquefied petroleum gas pipeline pre-installed within the lower support 401, passing through the support rod 2. The number and heating intensity of the flame jet heads 8 can be appropriately increased according to on-site construction requirements and the properties of the rolled material. Each flame jet head 8 has an individually controlled valve to avoid fuel waste and safety hazards caused by flame jetting.

[0036] The first motor 104 is electrically connected to a switch 110, which is located outside the base 2; The second motor 701 is electrically connected to the internal wiring of the support rod 2 via the upper bracket 301 and has a control switch. The coil of the upper clamping ring 302 is electrically connected to the internal wiring of the support rod 2 via the upper bracket 301 and a control switch.

[0037] A construction method for an apparatus for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads includes the following steps: S1. Install the base 1 inside the pile head reinforcement 11. Use the centering component to position the base 1 at the center of the pile head 10. Specifically, turn on the switch 110 to drive the main gear 103 to rotate and drive the secondary gear 105 that meshes with it to rotate. Through the cooperation of the strip groove 109 and the column 108, all the centering rods 106 move outward. The top plate 107 at the end hits the pile head reinforcement 11 and the bottom roller 101 achieves the centering of the base 1 itself. S2. Install support rod 2 and rotate support rod 2 to adjust the connection between the bottom thread and the threaded hole of base 1 so that the height of support rod 2 matches the height of the pile head reinforcement 11 on site; when installing support rod 2, connect the fuel canister of the flame injector to the reserved fuel filling port of support rod 2. S3. Compare the shape of the pre-laid waterproof membrane 9 with the outer edge of the pile to determine the laying and overlapping scheme of the waterproof membrane 9. One or two construction workers lift and move the membrane so that its horizontal projection meets the requirements of the overlapping of adjacent membranes and the waterproof laying of the pile head. The overlapping width of adjacent membranes in the pile head area is appropriately greater than the specification requirements. In this embodiment of the invention, the overlapping width is not less than 15cm. S4. Insert the waterproof membrane 9 from one side between the upper clamping ring 302 and the lower clamping ring 402. Power on the control switch to clamp the waterproof membrane 9 between the upper clamping ring 302 and the lower clamping ring 402, making the membrane taut and under tension for easy cutting later. When the lower clamping ring 402 is driven upward by magnetic force, it moves stably through the telescopic rod 404. After power is cut off, it rebounds into the groove through the action of the tension spring 405. When inserting the membrane, if the middle support rod of the middle membrane cannot pass through the upper and lower clamps, the transverse cutting edge of the membrane should be used to avoid the support rod 2, but not cut off. S5. Turn on the flame nozzle 8 to heat the waterproof membrane 9 so that it has good plasticity and adhesion, and heat it until its adhesion and plasticity meet the construction requirements. S6. The second motor 701 drives the conical roller 7 to rotate and descend the ring cutting assembly to cut the excess waterproof membrane 9 as a whole, and the cut waterproof membrane 9 is tightly attached to the bottom plate and side of the pile head 10. During the cutting process, the upper support at the top can protect the on-site construction personnel, and the spring under the cutter can prevent the sliding sleeve from falling after it separates from the conical roller. The base plate membrane in the pile head area is prone to problems such as insufficient heating and poor adhesion. Manual additional spraying is required to ensure that the membrane adheres tightly to the base plate area. For the bottom edge of the pile head, i.e. the intersection of the pile head and the base plate, additional compression or pressure strips are used to fix it to ensure that the roll material is tightly attached to the base plate and the pile head at this position; During construction, ensure that the waterproof membrane is laid without any blind spots at 360° along the pile side, and that the overlap width of adjacent membranes is not less than 15cm. This should be given priority in the design of the waterproof membrane laying plan. S7. Apply waterproof gel to the construction joint connecting the pile side membrane and the pile head to ensure that the construction joint of the waterproof membrane is filled tightly. S8. Move the device to the next pile position and repeat the above steps until all pile head waterproofing treatment and bottom slab roll material laying are completed. During the construction process, carry out the waterproofing treatment of adjacent pile heads in sequence according to the roll material laying direction. After the longitudinal single roll material is laid, carry out the overlapping operation to the left (right).

[0038] Example 2 The difference from Embodiment 1 is that no rollers are provided under the base 1 for roughening.

[0039] The technical features of this invention not described can be implemented by or using existing technology, and will not be repeated here. Of course, the above description is not a limitation of this invention, and this invention is not limited to the examples above. Any changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of this invention should also be within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A device for laying waterproof membrane in key areas of pile heads, characterized in that, Includes a base (1), a support rod (2) is movably connected above the base (1), an upper clamp (3) is fixedly installed at the top of the support rod (2), and a lower clamp (4) is connected to the body of the support rod (2). The lower clamp (4) includes a lower bracket (401) fixedly connected to the support rod (2). A ring-cutting assembly is slidably connected to the support rod (2), and a flame jet assembly is provided on the lower bracket (401); The base (1) is provided with a centering component, and the bottom of the base (1) is provided with several rollers (101).

2. The device for laying waterproof membrane in key areas of pile heads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) includes a hollow, disc-shaped shell (102), with a secondary gear (105) rotatably connected in the center of the shell (102), and the shaft of the secondary gear (105) being coaxial with the axis of the circular base plate of the shell (102). A main gear (103) is rotatably connected inside the housing (102), and a first motor (104) is coaxially connected to the main gear (103). The main gear (103) meshes with the secondary gear (105). The top of the auxiliary gear (105) is provided with a plurality of strip grooves (109) that penetrate the auxiliary gear (105). The strip grooves (109) are evenly distributed and radially arranged along the circumference of the auxiliary gear (105). The strip grooves (109) extend from the edge of the central hole of the auxiliary gear (105) to the tooth root circle area. The housing (102) is movably connected with a plurality of centering rods (106). The centering rods (106) are evenly distributed along the outer periphery of the housing (102), and an arc-shaped top plate (107) is provided at the outer end. The centering rods (106) are horizontally slidably connected to the housing (102), and a vertical column (108) is provided at the inner end of the centering rods (106). Each of the columns (108) is located in one of the slots (109) and is fitted with the width of the slot (109). When the column (108) is located at the innermost end of the slot (109), the top plate (107) is in contact with the housing (102). When the column (108) moves toward the edge of the auxiliary gear (105), the top plate (107) moves from the housing (102) toward the outside. The base (1) has a threaded hole at the top center, and the threaded hole is internally connected to the thread at the bottom of the support rod (2).

3. The device for laying waterproof membrane in key areas of pile heads according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support rod (2) is vertically connected to the base (1). The upper clamp (3) includes an upper bracket (301) and an upper clamping ring (302). The top end of the support rod (2) is fixedly connected to the upper clamping ring (302) through the upper bracket (301). The upper clamping ring (302) is made of low carbon steel and has an electromagnetic coil made of enameled copper wire embedded inside. The coil is connected to an external power source through the wire channel of the upper bracket (301). The lower clamping ring (402) is also made of magnetic material and is movably connected to the lower bracket (401).

4. The device for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper support (301) and the lower support (401) both include several L-shaped frames that are fixedly connected to the support rod (2). One end of the lower support (401) is connected to the support rod (2), and the other end is provided with a horizontal fixing ring (403). The top of the fixing ring (403) is movably connected to the lower clamping ring (402). The lower clamping ring (402) is correspondingly arranged with the upper clamping ring (302). The bottom surface of the lower clamping ring (402) is evenly provided with a plurality of telescopic rods (404). The top surface of the fixing ring (403) is provided with an annular groove that cooperates with the lower clamping ring (402). The bottom of the annular groove is slidably connected to the lower clamping ring (402) through the telescopic rods (404). A plurality of tension springs (405) are also provided between the lower clamping ring (402) and the bottom of the annular groove.

5. The device for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ring cutting assembly includes a blade holder (5), which is a ring structure and includes a sliding sleeve (501) that is slidably connected to the support rod (2) in the middle. A ring of downward-facing toothed blades (6) is provided on the outer periphery of the blade holder (5).

6. The device for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads according to claim 5, characterized in that, The sliding sleeve (501) is provided with a thread 702 on the outside, and a conical roller (7) is engaged with the thread of the sliding sleeve (501). The conical roller (7) is coaxially connected to a second motor (701), and the second motor (701) is fixedly connected to the upper bracket (301) through the motor bracket (702).

7. The device for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads according to claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the conical roller (7) is covered with rubber. The support rod (2) is provided with a limiting block (201). The limiting block (201) is fixedly provided on the support rod (2) and located between the tool holder (5) and the upper clamping ring (302). A spring (502) is provided at the bottom of the tool holder (5).

8. The device for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flame jet assembly includes several flame jet heads (8), which are installed in a ring and distributed on the lower support (401). The flame jet heads (8) are supplied with fuel through the support rod (2) via a liquefied petroleum gas pipeline reserved in the lower support (401).

9. The device for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first motor (104) is electrically connected to a switch (110), which is located outside the base (2); The second motor (701) is electrically connected to the internal wiring of the support rod (2) via the upper bracket (301) and a control switch; The coil of the upper clamping ring (302) is electrically connected to the internal circuit of the support rod (2) via the upper bracket (301) and a control switch.

10. A construction method for an apparatus for laying waterproof membrane in critical areas of pile heads as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Install the base (1) inside the pile head reinforcement (11) and use the centering component to position the base (1) at the center of the pile head (10); S2. Install the support rod (2) and rotate the support rod (2) to adjust the connection between the bottom thread and the threaded hole of the base (1) so that the height of the support rod (2) matches the height of the pile head reinforcement (11) on site. S3. Compare the shape of the pre-laid waterproof membrane (9) with the outer edge of the pile to determine the laying and overlapping scheme of the waterproof membrane (9); S4. Insert the waterproof membrane (9) from one side between the upper clamping ring (302) and the lower clamping ring (402), and turn on the power through the control switch to make the upper clamping ring (302) and the lower clamping ring (402) clamp the waterproof membrane (9). S5. Turn on the flame nozzle (8) to heat the waterproof membrane (9) so that it has good plasticity and adhesion; S6. Drive the conical roller (7) through the second motor (701) to make the ring cutting assembly rotate and descend to cut the excess waterproof membrane (9) as a whole, and tightly attach the cut waterproof membrane (9) to the bottom plate and the side of the pile head (10) area. S7. Apply waterproof gel to the construction joint connecting the pile side membrane and the pile head to ensure that the construction joint of the waterproof membrane (9) is filled tightly. S8. Move the device to the next pile location and repeat the above steps until all pile head waterproofing treatment and base slab roll material laying are completed.

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