Hydropower plant regulating system based on performance improvement

Abstract

This invention discloses a hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement, comprising a water level monitoring system and a head regulation system. The water level monitoring system monitors the water level, and the head regulation system includes a turbine guide vane opening adjustment system, which adjusts the head and flow rate according to the water level. This invention's hydropower plant regulation system, comprising a water level monitoring system and a head regulation system, improves the accuracy of the reservoir water level monitoring system. The head regulation system then accurately adjusts the turbine guide vane opening based on the received water level data, thereby regulating the head and flow rate. This allows the turbine to operate at a higher head and flow rate, thus achieving efficiency improvement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement. Background Technology

[0002] A hydropower plant is an electrical facility that primarily generates electricity using hydropower. The main equipment of a hydropower station includes a dam to impound water, water diversion facilities, and generator sets. Generator sets typically consist of a turbine and a generator. The turbine is one of the core components of a hydropower plant, converting the kinetic and potential energy of water flow into mechanical energy. There are many types of turbines, among which the mixed-flow turbine is quite common. Its unique feature is the direction of water flow; water flows radially into the turbine and then flows out approximately axially. This design allows the turbine to efficiently convert water energy. The turbine-generator set needs to provide a specified amount of electrical energy according to the grid's requirements. The amount of electrical energy depends on the head and flow rate. The flow rate into the turbine is adjusted by the opening of the guide vanes on the turbine. In short, the turbine-generator set has a regulating system that adjusts the opening of the guide vanes on the turbine according to the head conditions to regulate the flow rate and head, ensuring high turbine efficiency. Therefore, accurate measurement of the reservoir water level is necessary. There are many ways to monitor reservoir water levels, such as radar sensors, ultrasonic sensors, and pressure sensors. However, radar sensors and ultrasonic sensors are affected by water surface fluctuations, while pressure sensors are easily affected by temperature and require frequent calibration. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above shortcomings, the purpose of this invention is to provide a hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement, including a water level monitoring system and a head regulation system. The water level monitoring system is used to monitor the water level, and the head regulation system includes a turbine guide vane opening regulation system, which is used to regulate the head and flow rate according to the water level.

[0005] Furthermore, it includes a ranging device and a measuring point that cooperates with the ranging device. The measuring point is set above the water surface. It also includes a support pipe, a support rod connected to the measuring point, and one end of the support rod is set in the support pipe and can change its height accordingly with changes in water level.

[0006] Furthermore, one end of the support pipe is vertically installed at the bottom of the water, and the support pipe has an inlet on its body that connects to the external water flow and the pipe cavity. One end of the support rod is connected to the float, and a limiting ring is provided on the inner wall of the support pipe, which can restrict the vertical movement of the support rod.

[0007] Furthermore, the water inlet is located at the lower end of the support pipe.

[0008] The water level monitoring system includes a pressure water level gauge, which is installed at a predetermined position inside the support pipe. Water flows into the chamber of the support pipe from the inlet.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a guide plate and a hose. A fixing block is set on the guide plate, the hose inlet is fixed on the fixing block, and the other end of the hose is fixed to the water inlet. The fixing block can move vertically along the guide plate under the drive of the drive device. It also includes a measuring device that can measure the moving distance of the fixing block.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a drain outlet and a water pump. The support pipe extends out of the water surface and forms a work platform on the water surface. The water pump is set on the work platform. The drain outlet is connected to the water pump through a pipe. The water pump can pump the water in the support pipe to the outside of the support pipe.

[0011] Furthermore, the support tube includes an outer tube and an inner tube, with an insulation interlayer provided between the outer tube and the inner tube.

[0012] Furthermore, the workbench is also equipped with a power supply unit, which includes a solar panel for providing power to the water pump and drive device.

[0013] Furthermore, the head regulation system also includes a speed regulator, a hydraulic device, and an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system can receive real-time water level data from the water level monitoring system and control the head regulation system to adjust the head and flow rate.

[0014] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: The present invention discloses a hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement, comprising a water level monitoring system and a head regulation system. By improving the water level monitoring system to accurately monitor the water level of the reservoir, the head regulation system then accurately adjusts the opening of the turbine guide vanes based on the received water level data, thereby achieving regulation of head and flow rate, enabling the turbine to operate at a higher head and flow rate, thus achieving efficiency improvement.

[0015] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, by setting a support pipe and setting a float and a float support rod and measuring point that move up and down with the water level in the support pipe, the water surface fluctuation will not affect the measuring point, and the ranging device or measuring instrument only needs to measure the measuring point to realize the standard measurement of the water level.

[0016] In other specific embodiments of the present invention, a pressure level gauge is also used. By changing the position of the inlet, water at different depths is introduced into the support pipe, so that different depth data can be measured by the pressure level gauge for calibrating other water level measuring devices. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1A schematic diagram illustrating a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of Example 1; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of Example 2; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the support tube in Example 2.

[0018] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Reservoir; 2. Dam; 3. Water diversion facility; 4. Turbine; 5. Support pipe; 501. Outer pipe; 502. Insulation interlayer; 503. Inner pipe; 6. Support rod; 7. Float; 8. Flat plate; 9. Inlet; 10. Limiting ring; 11. Pressure level gauge; 12. Guide plate; 13. Hose; 14. Water pump; 15. Workbench; 16. Solar panel; 17. Fixing block. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] Reference Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention discloses a hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement, comprising a water level monitoring system and a head regulation system. The water level monitoring system is used to monitor the water level, and the head regulation system includes a guide vane opening regulation system for the turbine 4, used to regulate the head and flow rate according to the water level. (Refer to...) Figure 1As shown, the hydropower plant includes a reservoir 1, a dam 2, a water diversion facility 3, a turbine 4, and a generator unit. The difference between the water level in reservoir 1 and the tailrace water level is the head difference. The turbine 4 is the core facility that converts the kinetic and potential energy of the water flow into mechanical energy. Its regulation task is to continuously adjust the output of the turbine generator according to changes in load and maintain the unit speed within a specified range, generally achieved by adjusting the guide vane opening of the turbine 4. Changes in the guide vane opening of the turbine 4 regulate the flow rate and affect the turbine speed, thereby affecting the generator unit speed. The guide vane opening regulation system of the turbine 4 also includes a governor, which adjusts the guide vane opening according to the unit speed deviation to change the output and restore the speed. Therefore, the regulation system generally also has sensitive, amplified, actuated, and feedback components. Specifically, it may include an intelligent control system, and the actuation component may be a hydraulic device. The intelligent control system can receive real-time water level data from the water level monitoring system and control the hydraulic device to perform regulation actions. The aforementioned regulation system needs to receive water level data to achieve accurate control. The efficiency of turbine 4 is affected by the head and flow rate. Accurate control of the head and flow rate allows turbine 4 to operate within a higher efficiency parameter range. To accurately measure the water level of reservoir 1, a water level monitoring system is installed in reservoir 1. The water level monitoring device includes multiple monitoring sensors to monitor the water level.

[0021] In the above embodiments, the water level monitoring device may include radar sensors or ultrasonic sensors. These sensors measure water level by measuring the reflected signals. However, water flow or wind can cause water waves on the water surface, affecting the accuracy of the measurement. In this embodiment 1, referring to... Figure 2 As shown, a support pipe 5 is fixed at the bottom of the water and extends vertically to the water surface. A support rod 6 is installed inside the support pipe 5, and a float 7 is installed at the bottom of the support rod 6. A water inlet 9 is provided in the support pipe 5 to allow water to flow into it. A flat plate 8 is horizontally installed at the upper end of the support rod 6. A reflector can be installed on the flat plate 8 as a measuring point, but it can be omitted. A laser rangefinder can also be used for ranging. Because the flat plate 8 or the measuring point replaces the water surface, the reflected signal is better and more accurate. At the same time, the isolation effect of the support pipe 5 allows the flat plate 8 to accurately reflect the water level without being affected by water waves. To allow the support rod 6 to move vertically up and down with the water level, a limiting ring 10 is provided on the inner wall of the support pipe 5 to cooperate with the support rod 6. The limiting ring 10 restricts the vertical movement of the support rod 6. The water inlet 9 of the support pipe 5 can be located at the lower end of the support pipe 5, which is a deeper part of the bottom where the water flow is more stable and less affected by water surface fluctuations.

[0022] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, in this embodiment 2, the water level monitoring system includes a pressure level gauge 11, which is installed at a predetermined position inside the support pipe 5. Water flows into the chamber of the support pipe 5 from the inlet 9, and the pressure level gauge 11 measures the water level by monitoring the pressure. However, the problem is that the pressure level gauge 11 is easily affected by water temperature. In embodiment 2, the inlet 9 of the support pipe 5 can be placed at the lower end. After the water depth reaches a certain level, its temperature becomes more stable and less affected by changes in external temperature. (Refer to...) Figure 4 As shown, due to the existence of water stratification, the temperature of each layer is affected by the outside world differently. In order to ensure that the water temperature in the chamber of the support pipe 5 is close to the temperature of the deep water, the support pipe 5 includes an outer pipe 501 and an inner pipe 503, and an insulation interlayer 502 is provided between the outer pipe 501 and the inner pipe 503.

[0023] In the above embodiments, reservoir 1 is generally equipped with several water level monitoring devices to measure the water level, and when more than two devices are needed at the same cross-section, they are often set at different elevations. The water level gauges need to be calibrated at regular intervals. (Refer to...) Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the system also includes a guide plate 12 and a hose 13. A fixing block 17 is provided on the guide plate 12, and the inlet of the hose 13 is fixed to the fixing block 17. The other end of the hose 13 is fixed to the water inlet 9. The fixing block 17 can move vertically along the guide plate 12 under the drive of a driving device. The driving device may include a lead screw, a chain structure, etc., and also includes a measuring device. The measuring device can measure the moving distance of the fixing block. The measuring device may be a displacement gauge or other sensor, a distance measuring device, etc., or a depth sounder may be directly installed on the fixing block. In this embodiment 2, the moving fixing block can be used to allow water of different depths (temperature differences) to be introduced into the support pipe 5 through the inlet of the hose. Due to the temperature influence of different water depths, there is a difference between the measured water level value and the true value. The water level values ​​measured by other water level gauges at the corresponding depths are compared with this difference and corrected to obtain the actual value, thereby realizing the correction of the measurement data of other water level gauges.

[0024] In the above embodiment 2, a drain outlet and a water pump 14 are also included. The support pipe 5 extends out of the water surface and forms a work platform 15 on the water surface. The water pump 14 is installed on the work platform 15. The drain outlet is connected to the water pump 14 through a pipe. The water pump 14 can pump the water in the support pipe 5 to the outside of the support pipe 5. The work platform 15 is also equipped with a power supply unit, which includes a solar panel 16 and a lithium battery pack, for providing power to the water pump 14 and the drive device.

[0025] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement, characterized in that: It includes a water level monitoring system and a head regulation system. The water level monitoring system is used to monitor the water level, and the head regulation system includes a turbine guide vane opening regulation system, which is used to regulate the head and flow rate according to the water level.

2. The hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a ranging device and a measuring point that works with the ranging device. The measuring point is set above the water surface. It also includes a support pipe. The measuring point is connected to a support rod. One end of the support rod is set in the support pipe and can change its height accordingly with changes in water level.

3. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the support pipe is vertically set at the bottom of the water. The support pipe has an inlet that connects the external water flow to the pipe cavity. One end of the support rod is connected to the float. The inner wall of the support pipe is provided with a limiting ring that can restrict the vertical movement of the support rod.

4. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water inlet is located at the lower end of the support pipe.

5. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water level monitoring system includes a pressure water level gauge, which is installed at a predetermined position inside the support pipe. Water flows into the chamber of the support pipe from the inlet.

6. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a guide plate and a hose. A fixing block is set on the guide plate, the hose inlet is fixed on the fixing block, and the other end of the hose is fixed to the water inlet. The fixing block can move vertically along the guide plate under the drive of the drive device. It also includes a measuring device that can measure the moving distance of the fixing block.

7. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a drain outlet and a water pump. The support pipe extends out of the water surface and forms a work platform on the water surface. The water pump is set on the work platform. The drain outlet is connected to the water pump through a pipe. The water pump can pump the water in the support pipe to the outside of the support pipe.

8. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that: The support tube includes an outer tube and an inner tube, with an insulation interlayer between the outer tube and the inner tube.

9. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to claim 7, characterized in that: The workbench is also equipped with a power supply unit, which includes a solar panel for providing power to the water pump and drive device.

10. A hydropower plant regulation system based on efficiency improvement according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The head regulation system also includes a speed governor, a hydraulic device, and an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system can receive real-time water level data from the water level monitoring system and control the head regulation system to adjust the head and flow rate.

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