A currentless feedback ups charger and its working state detection method

Abstract

A current-feedback-free UPS charger and its operating status detection method are disclosed, relating to the field of UPS chargers. This application provides a current-feedback-free UPS charger, wherein an input power detection module calculates the input power Pin by collecting the voltage Vin and current Iin at the input terminal of the AC-DC conversion module or the DC bus terminal, and an output power detection module calculates the output power Pout by collecting the voltage Vout and current Iout at the UPS output terminal. A microcontroller calculates the difference ΔP between the two and analyzes its dynamic change characteristics. When the charger is turned on, if the change in ΔP is within the expected range and the trend conforms to a preset model, it indicates that the charger has started normally and is operating stably; otherwise, it is determined to be an abnormal state. This application not only avoids the increased cost and reduced reliability caused by dedicated current sampling circuits, but also more accurately reflects the actual operating status of the charger from the overall perspective of system energy conversion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of UPS chargers, and particularly relates to a UPS charger without current feedback and a method for detecting its operating status. Background Technology

[0002] Existing UPS systems typically include major functional modules such as AC-DC conversion units, DC-DC charging units, and inverter units. The DC-DC charging unit is responsible for converting the DC bus voltage into appropriate voltage and current to charge the UPS backup battery. To ensure proper charger operation and achieve precise charging control, traditional designs usually incorporate a current sampling circuit at the charger output, using components such as current transformers, Hall effect sensors, or sampling resistors to directly detect and provide feedback on the charging current.

[0003] However, in cost-sensitive or compact UPS designs, to simplify circuitry, reduce system costs, and improve reliability, it is often necessary to remove the current sampling feedback loop on the charger output side. While this design offers advantages in terms of cost and structure, it also deprives the control system of a direct means of monitoring the charging energy flow, making it difficult to reliably determine whether the charger has actually started and is charging the battery.

[0004] In related technologies, UPS systems typically rely on direct sampling and feedback of output voltage and current to monitor the charger's operating status. This approach not only increases circuit complexity and cost but also consumes controller port resources. Furthermore, the current sampling circuit itself can become a point of failure for the system, introducing noise interference and resulting in additional power loss; these issues require further improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a UPS charger without current feedback and a method for detecting its operating status, addressing the technical problem of traditional UPS charger designs that rely on direct sampling of output current. This method monitors existing electrical parameters in the UPS system and comprehensively analyzes the change in input-output power difference before and after the charger is turned on, achieving reliable judgment of the charger's operating status without a dedicated current feedback circuit.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a UPS charger without current feedback, comprising: AC-DC conversion module, used to convert AC mains power into DC bus voltage; The DC-DC charging module is connected to the output terminal of the AC-DC conversion module and is used to convert the DC bus voltage into a controlled voltage and current for charging the UPS backup battery. The DC-DC charging module does not have a direct feedback path for the output current. An input power detection module is connected to the input terminal or DC bus terminal of the AC-DC conversion module to detect the input voltage Vin and the input current Iin, and to provide a signal for calculating the input power Pin. The output power detection module is connected to the UPS output terminal to detect the output voltage Vout and the output current Iout, and provides a signal for calculating the output power Pout. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the control terminals of the input power detection module, the output power detection module, and the DC-DC charging module, respectively. The microcontroller calculates the difference ΔP between the input power Pin and the output power Pout, and monitors the change in the difference ΔP before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, to determine whether the DC-DC charging module is working properly.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the input power detection module calculates the input power Pin by collecting the voltage Vin and current Iin at the input terminal or DC bus terminal of the AC-DC conversion module, and the output power detection module calculates the output power Pout by collecting the voltage Vout and current Iout at the output terminal of the UPS. The microcontroller calculates the difference ΔP between the two and analyzes its dynamic change characteristics. When the charger is turned on, if the change in ΔP is within the expected range and the trend conforms to the preset model, it indicates that the charger has started normally and is working stably; otherwise, it is judged as an abnormal state. This application not only avoids the increased cost and reduced reliability caused by a dedicated current sampling circuit, but also reflects the actual working state of the charger more accurately from the overall perspective of system energy conversion.

[0008] In conjunction with some implementations of the first aspect, in some implementations, the microcontroller performs the following operations: Receive signals from the input power detection module and the output power detection module, and calculate the power difference ΔP, where ΔP = Pin - Pout; Determine the UPS operating mode and battery level; Based on the operating mode and battery level, monitor |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, where Pin(t2) is the input power after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, Pin(t1) is the input power before the DC-DC charging module is turned on, ΔP(t2) is the power difference after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, and ΔP(t1) is the power difference before the DC-DC charging module is turned on.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the microcontroller first receives the power detection signal and calculates the power difference. Then, it selects appropriate monitoring parameters based on the UPS operating mode and battery status. When the UPS is operating in bypass mode or ECO mode, since the load power does not pass through the inverter stage, the system directly monitors the change in input power |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)|. When operating in mains inverter mode, the charger status is determined by monitoring the change in power difference |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)|. This differentiated monitoring strategy not only improves the accuracy of status judgment but also adapts to the energy transmission characteristics of the UPS in different operating modes, avoiding misjudgments that may be caused by traditional single judgment methods. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the power changes before and after the charger is turned on, the influence of interference factors such as load fluctuations can be effectively filtered out, improving the reliability of detection.

[0010] In conjunction with some implementations of the first aspect, in some implementations, the operating mode includes bypass mode, ECO mode, and mains-inverter mode. Based on the operating mode and battery level, monitoring |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on specifically includes: Determine if the battery level is below a preset percentage; When the battery level is below a preset percentage, obtain the current working mode; When the UPS is operating in bypass mode or ECO mode, determine whether |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| is within the preset threshold range; When the UPS is operating in mains inverter mode, determine whether |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| is within the preset threshold range.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution and the differentiated judgment method based on the working mode, not only are the energy transmission characteristics of the UPS under different working modes considered, but also a clear judgment standard is established by setting a threshold range, making the charger status monitoring more scientific and reliable.

[0012] In conjunction with some implementation methods of the first aspect, in some implementation methods, the preset threshold range is [Th_low, Th_high]. When the power change falls within the preset threshold range and the change trend is within a preset stable range, it is determined to be in normal working condition. Here, Th_low is the lower limit of the preset threshold range, and Th_high is the upper limit of the preset threshold range. Th_low and Th_high are set according to the rated power of the UPS.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a reasonable range for power change [Th_low, Th_high], the system can effectively distinguish between normal charging and abnormal states: if the power change is too small, it indicates that the charger may not have actually started or its charging capacity is insufficient; if the power change is too large, there may be abnormal conditions such as overcharging or circuit failure. At the same time, the system also pays attention to the dynamic characteristics of power change, requiring the power change trend to remain within a preset stable range, which helps to detect unstable phenomena such as fluctuations and oscillations during the charging process in a timely manner. By associating the threshold parameters Th_low and Th_high with the rated power of the UPS, the judgment method can be adaptively applied to UPS equipment of different power levels, improving the versatility of the solution.

[0014] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, some embodiments further include: An alarm unit is used to issue an alarm signal when an abnormal state is detected; A protection execution unit is used to perform protection operations when an abnormal state is detected, the protection operations including disconnecting the input relay and shutting down the DC-DC charging module.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the system detects that the charger is malfunctioning, the alarm unit will immediately issue an alarm signal to promptly remind maintenance personnel to pay attention to the equipment status and avoid the fault from escalating or causing more serious consequences. At the same time, the protection execution unit will automatically take protective measures such as disconnecting the input relay and shutting down the DC-DC charging module to cut off the abnormal circuit at the source and reduce the possibility of equipment damage or safety accidents.

[0016] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a method for detecting the operating status of a UPS charger without current feedback, applied to the aforementioned UPS charger, specifically including: Upon power-on startup of the UPS system, the system checks the UPS operating mode and battery level. The input power detection module and the output power detection module synchronously collect data in real time to calculate the instantaneous input power Pin(t) and output power Pout(t); When the battery charge is less than a preset percentage, |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| is selectively calculated according to the UPS operating mode; The calculated power change is compared with a preset threshold range, and the working status of the DC-DC charging module is determined based on the comparison result. Perform the corresponding operation based on the judgment result.

[0017] In conjunction with some implementations of the first aspect, in some implementations, the selective calculation of |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| based on the UPS operating mode specifically includes: When the UPS is operating in bypass mode or ECO mode, calculate |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)|; When the UPS is operating in mains inverter mode, calculate |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)|, where ΔP(t)=Pin(t)-Pout(t).

[0018] In some implementations of the first aspect, the preset percentage is 90%. When the battery charge is greater than or equal to 90%, the DC-DC charging module is determined to be in normal working condition.

[0019] In conjunction with some implementations of the first aspect, in some implementations, comparing the calculated power change with a preset threshold range specifically includes: Determine whether the power change falls within the preset threshold range [Th_low, Th_high]. Determine whether the trend of power change is within the preset stable range; When the power change falls within the preset threshold range and the trend of change is within the preset stable range, it is determined to be in normal working condition. Otherwise, it is judged as an abnormal state.

[0020] In conjunction with some implementations of the first aspect, in some implementations, the step of performing the corresponding operation based on the determination result specifically includes: When the system is determined to be in normal working condition, the operating status of the DC-DC charging module is continuously monitored. When an abnormal state is detected, the alarm unit is triggered to issue an alarm signal and controls the protection execution unit to perform protection operations.

[0021] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. This application provides a UPS charger without current feedback. The input power detection module calculates the input power Pin by collecting the voltage Vin and current Iin at the input terminal of the AC-DC conversion module or the DC bus terminal. The output power detection module calculates the output power Pout by collecting the voltage Vout and current Iout at the UPS output terminal. The microcontroller calculates the difference ΔP between the two and analyzes its dynamic change characteristics. When the charger is turned on, if the change in ΔP is within the expected range and the trend conforms to the preset model, it indicates that the charger has started normally and is working stably; otherwise, it is determined to be in an abnormal state. This application not only avoids the increased cost and reduced reliability caused by dedicated current sampling circuits, but also more accurately reflects the actual working state of the charger from the overall perspective of system energy conversion.

[0022] 2. This application provides a UPS charger without current feedback. The microcontroller first receives the power detection signal and calculates the power difference. Then, it selects appropriate monitoring parameters based on the UPS operating mode and battery status. When the UPS operates in bypass mode or ECO mode, since the load power does not pass through the inverter stage, the system directly monitors the change in input power |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)|. When operating in mains inverter mode, the charger status is determined by monitoring the change in power difference |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)|. This differentiated monitoring strategy not only improves the accuracy of status judgment but also adapts to the energy transmission characteristics of the UPS in different operating modes, avoiding misjudgments that may be caused by traditional single judgment methods. At the same time, by comparing and analyzing the power changes before and after the charger is turned on, the influence of interference factors such as load fluctuations can be effectively filtered out, improving the reliability of detection.

[0023] 3. This application provides a UPS charger without current feedback. When the system detects that the charger is malfunctioning, the alarm unit will immediately issue an alarm signal to promptly remind maintenance personnel to pay attention to the equipment status and avoid the fault from escalating or causing more serious consequences. At the same time, the protection execution unit will automatically take protective measures such as disconnecting the input relay and shutting down the DC-DC charging module to cut off the abnormal circuit from the source and reduce the possibility of equipment damage or safety accidents. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a UPS charger without current feedback according to an embodiment of this application.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for detecting the operating status of a UPS charger without current feedback, as described in an embodiment of this application.

[0026] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification and appended claims of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to any or all possible combinations including one or more of the listed items.

[0028] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0029] In the field of UPS power systems, the reliability and operational status monitoring of chargers are crucial for the stable operation of the system. As a key module responsible for battery charging management in a UPS system, the charger's operational status directly affects the availability of backup power and the system's power supply reliability.

[0030] In related technologies, conventional charger status monitoring schemes mainly rely on direct sampling feedback of output current. While this approach is intuitive and reliable, it suffers from high cost, complex structure, and high power consumption in practical applications. Especially in applications with stringent cost and size requirements, traditional current sampling schemes often fail to meet design needs.

[0031] This application is primarily applied to charger design scenarios for cost-sensitive or highly compact UPS systems, such as low-power UPS, rack-mount UPS, and modular UPS with high integration requirements. In these applications, it is necessary to minimize system costs and simplify circuit structure while ensuring reliable charger operation. To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a UPS charger without current feedback and a method for detecting its operating status. An embodiment is described below in conjunction with… Figure 1 The following describes a UPS charger without current feedback in an embodiment of this application: Please see Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a module of a UPS charger without current feedback in an embodiment of this application.

[0032] The current-feedback-free UPS charger provided in this application includes an AC-DC conversion module, a DC-DC charging module, an input power detection module, an output power detection module, and a microcontroller. The output terminal of the AC-DC conversion module is connected to the DC-DC charging module. The input power detection module is connected to the input terminal or DC bus terminal of the AC-DC conversion module. The output power detection module is connected to the UPS output terminal. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the control terminals of the input power detection module, the output power detection module, and the DC-DC charging module. By calculating the difference ΔP between the input power Pin and the output power Pout, and monitoring the change in ΔP before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, the microcontroller determines whether the DC-DC charging module is working normally. This application can reliably determine the charger's operating status without using a dedicated current feedback circuit. By monitoring the change in the input-output power difference, it indirectly reflects the charger's operating status from the perspective of system energy conversion.

[0033] Specifically, the AC-DC conversion module includes a rectifier and a boost circuit. The rectifier typically uses a bridge rectifier circuit, which is characterized by its construction consisting of multiple diodes or SCRs, capable of converting AC mains power into DC voltage. For example, a common full-wave bridge rectifier circuit consists of four diodes connected in pairs, which rectifies the AC power. The boost circuit generally includes an inductor (L), an IGBT switching transistor, a diode (D), and a bus capacitor. After the AC mains power is converted into DC voltage by the rectifier, it passes through the boost circuit to obtain a relatively stable DC bus voltage, which is then supplied to the DC-DC charging module and the DC-AC inverter module.

[0034] Specifically, a DC-DC charging module includes a switching transistor and a transformer. The switching transistor typically uses a MOSFET (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor) or an IGBT (Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistor). IGBTs are suitable for high-voltage, high-current applications. The transformer consists of a primary winding and a secondary winding, and it achieves voltage conversion through the principle of electromagnetic induction. For example, in a step-down DC-DC charging module, the primary winding has more turns than the secondary winding, thereby converting the DC bus voltage to a voltage suitable for charging UPS backup batteries. The switching transistor and the transformer are connected by a circuit; the switching on and off of the transistor controls the current flow in the primary winding of the transformer, thus realizing energy transfer and conversion.

[0035] Specifically, the input power detection module includes a voltage sensor and a current sensor. The voltage sensor can be a resistive voltage divider, indirectly measuring the input voltage Vin by measuring the voltage across the dividing resistors. A voltage transformer can also be used. The current sensor can be a Hall effect sensor, which converts current into a voltage signal output based on the Hall effect. A current transformer is also an alternative current sensor. The voltage and current sensors are connected to the input terminal or DC bus terminal of the AC-DC conversion module, respectively, transmitting the measured voltage and current signals to the microcontroller for calculating the input power Pin.

[0036] Specifically, the output power detection module includes a voltage detection circuit and a current detection circuit. The voltage detection circuit can use a voltage sensor similar to that in the input power detection module to detect the UPS output voltage Vout. The current detection circuit can also use a Hall sensor or a current transformer to detect the output current Iout. The voltage and current detection circuits are connected to the UPS output terminal, transmitting the detected voltage and current signals to the microcontroller for calculating the output power Pout.

[0037] Microcontrollers can be either single-chip microcomputers or DSPs, such as the common 51 microcontroller or STM32 series microcontrollers. Single-chip microcomputers have functions such as calculation, control, and logic judgment, and internally include a processor, memory, and input / output interfaces. The microcontroller receives signals from the input power detection module and the output power detection module, calculates the difference ΔP between the input power Pin and the output power Pout through its built-in calculation program, and monitors the change in the difference ΔP before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on. The microcontroller can also determine the operating state of the charger according to preset logic and output corresponding control signals.

[0038] Specifically, the microcontroller receives signals from the input power detection module and the output power detection module, calculates the power difference ΔP, ΔP = Pin - Pout; then it determines the UPS operating mode and battery level; based on the operating mode and battery level, it monitors |Pin(t2) - Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2) - ΔP(t1)| before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on.

[0039] The operating modes include bypass mode, ECO mode, and AC / DC inverter mode. Pin(t2) is the input power after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, Pin(t1) is the input power before the DC-DC charging module is turned on, ΔP(t2) is the power difference after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, and ΔP(t1) is the power difference before the DC-DC charging module is turned on. The system first determines whether the battery charge is less than a preset percentage; if the battery charge is less than a preset percentage, it obtains the current operating mode; when the UPS is operating in bypass mode or ECO mode, it determines whether |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| is within a preset threshold range; when the UPS is operating in AC / DC inverter mode, it determines whether |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| is within a preset threshold range. The preset threshold range is [Th_low, Th_high]. When the power change falls within the preset threshold range and the trend of change is within the preset stable range, it is determined to be in normal working condition. Here, Th_low is the lower limit of the preset threshold range, and Th_high is the upper limit of the preset threshold range. Th_low and Th_high are set according to the rated power of the UPS.

[0040] Furthermore, the preset threshold range [Th_low, Th_high] is dynamically adjusted based on the battery's real-time status. The system establishes a threshold adjustment model by collecting parameters such as battery temperature (T), current capacity (C), and number of charge / discharge cycles (N): Th_low = f1(T,C,N), Th_high = f2(T,C,N). Here, f1 and f2 are mapping functions trained using machine learning algorithms. By analyzing historical operating data, the system learns the optimal threshold range under different operating conditions, which mainly include temperature range, capacity status, and number of charge / discharge cycles. For example, at higher temperatures, the system will appropriately narrow the threshold range to provide more stringent protection; while for batteries with longer operating times, the system will adjust the threshold range accordingly based on their capacity degradation.

[0041] Specifically, if the battery level is above 90%, since the battery is nearly fully charged and charging is at a low trickle power level, no judgment is needed or it can be considered normal. If the battery level is below 90% and the UPS is operating in bypass or ECO mode, after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, the input power Pin continuously increases from an initial small value and eventually stabilizes within a pre-set threshold range, and this stabilization process conforms to the expected dynamic response model, then the charger is considered to have started normally and entered a stable operating state. If the battery level is below 90% and the UPS is operating in mains inverter mode, after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, according to the principle that |ΔP| continuously increases from an initial small value and eventually stabilizes within a pre-set threshold range (a lookup table needs to be provided based on the Pout output power segment), and this stabilization process conforms to the expected dynamic response model, then the charger is considered to have started normally and entered a stable operating state. If the battery level is below 90% and the UPS is operating in bypass or ECO mode, and comparing before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, the input power Pin does not continuously increase and stabilize within a pre-set threshold range, then the charger is considered to be malfunctioning and in a fault state. If the battery level is below 90% and the UPS is operating in AC / DC inverter mode, and comparing the state before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, if |ΔP| does not continuously increase and eventually stabilizes within a pre-set threshold range (a lookup table based on the Pout output power range is required), then the charger is determined to be malfunctioning and in a faulty state. The system also includes an alarm unit and a protection execution unit. When an abnormal state is detected, the alarm unit issues an alarm signal; the protection execution unit performs protection operations upon detecting an abnormal state, including disconnecting the input relay and shutting down the DC-DC charging module.

[0042] In one embodiment, in a system with multiple charging modules, the system assigns a load weighting coefficient Wi to each charging module i and simultaneously acquires the power difference ΔPi corresponding to each module. When the change in the power difference of a module, |ΔPi(t2)-ΔPi(t1)|, approaches a warning value, the system automatically reduces the Wi value of that module and correspondingly increases the weighting coefficients of other healthy modules to maintain the stability of the total charging power of the system. Furthermore, by comparing and analyzing the ΔPi change characteristics of different modules, a relative deviation threshold between modules is established. If the data of a module significantly deviates from the average value of other modules, the system initiates a cross-validation procedure.

[0043] In the above embodiments, this embodiment sets up multiple modules to work collaboratively, using changes in power difference to determine the charger's operating status. This avoids the use of a dedicated current feedback circuit, simplifies the circuit structure, reduces costs, and minimizes power consumption, noise, and potential failure points caused by current feedback sensors, thereby improving system reliability. Furthermore, by monitoring and analyzing power changes under different operating modes and battery levels, it can more accurately determine whether the charger is working properly, ensuring the stable operation of the UPS system.

[0044] This application also provides a method for detecting the operating status of a UPS charger without current feedback. The following description, in conjunction with the aforementioned UPS charger without current feedback, will illustrate the method for detecting the operating status of a UPS charger without current feedback.

[0045] Reference Figure 2 A method for detecting the operating status of a UPS charger without current feedback, comprising the following steps: S1, UPS system power-on and start.

[0046] S2. Determine the operating mode and detect the battery level.

[0047] The system first needs to determine the current operating status of the UPS, including two key parameters: operating mode and battery level, to provide a basis for subsequent monitoring strategy selection.

[0048] S3. Determine if the battery level is less than 90%.

[0049] When the battery level drops below 90%, the system determines that charging is required and continues with subsequent steps.

[0050] S4. Determine if the working mode is bypass / ECO.

[0051] After step S4, the system selects different monitoring paths according to the current working mode and collects data according to different working modes.

[0052] S51, Turn on the DC-DC charging module.

[0053] When the system is operating in bypass / ECO mode, the charging module is started directly to begin the charging process.

[0054] S52, Turn on the DC-DC charging module.

[0055] When the system is operating in AC inverter mode, the charging module is also activated, but a different monitoring strategy is used.

[0056] S61. Collect the input power Pin(t1) before charging and the input power Pin(t2) after charging.

[0057] In bypass / ECO mode, since the load power comes directly from the mains without going through an inverter, the system power variation mainly comes from changes in the charger's operating state. Therefore, by directly comparing the input power changes before and after charging, it is possible to accurately reflect whether the charger is working properly, avoiding interference from other factors.

[0058] S62, Before data collection is enabled, P(t1) = Pout(t1) - Pin(t1); After data collection is enabled, P(t2) = Pout(t2) - Pin(t2).

[0059] In AC-DC-AC dual conversion mode, the input power includes not only charging power but also load power and conversion losses due to the dual AC-DC-AC conversion process. Therefore, it's necessary to calculate the difference between input and output power to eliminate the influence of load power and accurately reflect the charger's operating status. Changes in this power difference directly correspond to changes in the charger's operating status, providing a more accurate basis for judgment.

[0060] S71. Calculate the absolute value of the change in input power |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)|.

[0061] S72. Calculate the absolute value of the change in power difference |P(t2)-P(t1)|.

[0062] S8. Determine whether the change is within the preset threshold range [Th_low, Th_high] and whether Pin(t) / P(t) shows a stable or slow changing trend.

[0063] The charger status is evaluated using a dual-criteria approach, considering both the magnitude of power changes and the stability of those changes.

[0064] If the judgment result is "yes", then S91 is judged to be in a normal state.

[0065] If the judgment result is "no", then S92 is judged as an abnormal state.

[0066] S101. Continuously ensure the monitoring status.

[0067] S102, trigger the protection shutdown procedure and audible and visual alarm.

[0068] When an abnormal state is detected, the system immediately activates protection measures and alerts maintenance personnel via alarm.

[0069] In the above embodiments, this embodiment monitors and analyzes the input and output power of the UPS system in real time. Without relying on a dedicated current feedback circuit, it calculates the power change based on different operating modes and battery capacity, and compares it with a preset threshold range to determine the charger's operating status. When an anomaly is detected, protective measures are taken promptly, ensuring the safe operation of the UPS system and improving its stability and reliability.

[0070] In one embodiment, this application provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When executed by the processor, the computer program implements a method for detecting the operating status of a UPS charger without current feedback. See also... Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0071] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The structure of the system shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0072] like Figure 3 As shown, the system includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU) 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in Read-Only Memory (ROM) 302 or a program loaded from storage portion 308 into Random Access Memory (RAM) 303, such as executing the methods described in the above embodiments. The RAM 303 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via a bus 304. An Input / Output (I / O) interface 305 is also connected to the bus 304.

[0073] The following components are connected to I / O interface 305: input section 306 including a camera, infrared sensor, etc.; output section 307 including a liquid crystal display (LCD) and speakers, etc.; storage section 308 including a hard disk, etc.; and communication section 309 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card and a modem, etc. Communication section 309 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. Drive 310 is also connected to I / O interface 305 as needed. Removable media 311, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on drive 310 as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into storage section 308 as needed.

[0074] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing computer programs for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 309, and / or installed from removable medium 311. When the computer program is executed by central processing unit (CPU) 301, it performs the various functions defined in the present invention.

[0075] It should be noted that the computer-readable medium shown in the embodiments of the present invention can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium, or any combination thereof. A computer-readable storage medium can be, for example,—but not limited to—an electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of a computer-readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present invention, a computer-readable signal medium can include a data signal propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, wherein a computer-readable computer program is carried. The transmitted data signal can take many forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof.

[0076] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in a block diagram or flowchart, and combinations of blocks in a block diagram or flowchart, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0077] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not assembled into the system. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs that, when executed by a processor of a system, cause the system to implement the methods provided in the above embodiments.

[0078] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0079] As used in the above embodiments, depending on the context, the term "when..." can be interpreted as "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "when determining..." or "if (the stated condition or event) is interpreted as "if determining...", "in response to determining...", "when (the stated condition or event) is detected", or "in response to detecting (the stated condition or event)".

[0080] In the above embodiments, implementation can be achieved entirely or partially through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented entirely or partially in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that integrates one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid-state drive), etc.

[0081] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. A UPS charger without current feedback, characterized in that, include: AC-DC conversion module, used to convert AC mains power into DC bus voltage; The DC-DC charging module is connected to the output terminal of the AC-DC conversion module and is used to convert the DC bus voltage into a controlled voltage and current for charging the UPS backup battery. The DC-DC charging module does not have a direct feedback path for the output current. An input power detection module is connected to the input terminal or DC bus terminal of the AC-DC conversion module to detect the input voltage Vin and the input current Iin, and to provide a signal for calculating the input power Pin. The output power detection module is connected to the UPS output terminal to detect the output voltage Vout and the output current Iout, and provides a signal for calculating the output power Pout. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the control terminals of the input power detection module, the output power detection module, and the DC-DC charging module, respectively. The microcontroller calculates the difference ΔP between the input power Pin and the output power Pout, and monitors the change in the difference ΔP before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, to determine whether the DC-DC charging module is working properly.

2. The UPS charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller performs the following operations: Receive signals from the input power detection module and the output power detection module, and calculate the power difference ΔP, where ΔP = Pin - Pout; Determine the UPS operating mode and battery level; Based on the operating mode and battery level, monitor |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, where Pin(t2) is the input power after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, Pin(t1) is the input power before the DC-DC charging module is turned on, ΔP(t2) is the power difference after the DC-DC charging module is turned on, and ΔP(t1) is the power difference before the DC-DC charging module is turned on.

3. The UPS charger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operating modes include bypass mode, ECO mode, and mains-inverter mode. Based on the operating mode and battery level, the |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| before and after the DC-DC charging module is turned on is monitored, specifically including: Determine if the battery level is below a preset percentage; When the battery level is below a preset percentage, obtain the current working mode; When the UPS is operating in bypass mode or ECO mode, determine whether |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| is within the preset threshold range; When the UPS is operating in mains inverter mode, determine whether |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| is within the preset threshold range.

4. The UPS charger according to claim 3, characterized in that, The preset threshold range is [Th_low, Th_high]. When the power change falls within the preset threshold range and the change trend is within the preset stable range, it is determined to be in normal working condition. Here, Th_low is the lower limit of the preset threshold range, and Th_high is the upper limit of the preset threshold range. Th_low and Th_high are set according to the rated power of the UPS.

5. The UPS charger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An alarm unit is used to issue an alarm signal when an abnormal state is detected; A protection execution unit is used to perform protection operations when an abnormal state is detected, the protection operations including disconnecting the input relay and shutting down the DC-DC charging module.

6. A method for detecting the operating status of a UPS charger without current feedback, characterized in that, The UPS charger used in any one of claims 1-5 specifically includes: Upon power-on startup of the UPS system, the system checks the UPS operating mode and battery level. The input power detection module and the output power detection module synchronously collect data in real time to calculate the instantaneous input power Pin(t) and output power Pout(t); When the battery charge is less than a preset percentage, |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| is selectively calculated according to the UPS operating mode; The calculated power change is compared with a preset threshold range, and the working status of the DC-DC charging module is determined based on the comparison result. Perform the corresponding operation based on the judgment result.

7. The working status detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The selective calculation of |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)| or |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)| based on the UPS operating mode specifically includes: When the UPS is operating in bypass mode or ECO mode, calculate |Pin(t2)-Pin(t1)|; When the UPS is operating in mains inverter mode, calculate |ΔP(t2)-ΔP(t1)|, where ΔP(t)=Pin(t)-Pout(t).

8. The working status detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The preset percentage is 90%. When the battery power is greater than or equal to 90%, the DC-DC charging module is determined to be in normal working condition.

9. The working status detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of comparing the calculated power change with a preset threshold range specifically includes: Determine whether the power change falls within the preset threshold range [Th_low, Th_high]. Determine whether the trend of power change is within the preset stable range; When the power change falls within the preset threshold range and the trend of change is within the preset stable range, it is determined to be in normal working condition. Otherwise, it is judged as an abnormal state.

10. The working status detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The step of performing corresponding operations based on the determination result specifically includes: When the system is determined to be in normal working condition, the operating status of the DC-DC charging module is continuously monitored. When an abnormal state is detected, the alarm unit is triggered to issue an alarm signal and controls the protection execution unit to perform protection operations.

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