Waveguide optimization methods, waveguide optimization equipment and media for audio equipment

Abstract

This application discloses a waveguide optimization method, waveguide optimization device, and medium for audio devices, relating to the field of audio processing technology. The disclosed waveguide optimization method for audio devices includes: integrating a verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized into a full-device simulation model of the target audio product; determining the energy ratio between reflected sound and direct sound at the receiving point when the full-device simulation model simulates sound wave propagation; and outputting the physical structure information of the waveguide if the energy ratio is greater than or equal to a preset energy ratio. This simulation optimization method ensures the compatibility of the sky or surround waveguide structure with the target audio product, improves the effectiveness and reliability of waveguide development and testing, eliminates the need for frequent reliance on costly anechoic chamber environments, and provides precise and economical technical support for optimizing the channel performance of audio devices.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of audio processing technology, and in particular to waveguide optimization methods, waveguide optimization devices and media for audio devices. Background Technology

[0002] Among the relevant waveguide development methods, the optimal testing environment is an anechoic chamber. However, for sky waveguides or surround waveguides, this environment requires the artificial construction of simulated ceilings or walls, which is costly. Furthermore, conducting whole-system testing directly in a room results in significant room reflections, making it difficult to accurately separate reflected sound from direct sound belonging to the sky or surround channels.

[0003] The above content is only used to help understand the technical solution of this application and does not represent an admission that the above content is prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of this application is to provide a waveguide optimization method, waveguide optimization device and medium for audio devices, aiming to solve the technical problem of the difficulty in quantifying the energy ratio in the waveguide development of audio devices.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application proposes a waveguide optimization method for an audio device, the method comprising: The verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized is integrated into the overall simulation model of the target audio product. Determine the energy ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation; If the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, the physical structure information of the waveguide to be optimized is output.

[0006] In one embodiment, after determining the energy ratio between reflected sound and direct sound at the receiving point when the whole-machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation, the waveguide optimization method of the audio device further includes: If the energy ratio is less than the preset energy ratio, update the waveguide geometry in the physical model; The physical model is integrated into the overall simulation model of the target audio product until the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, and then the physical structure information of the waveguide is output.

[0007] In one embodiment, the step of determining the energy ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation includes: When the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation, it determines the reflected sound from the sound source point to the receiving point based on the mirror symmetry point of the reflecting wall, and the direct sound from the sound source point to the receiving point, wherein the reflecting wall includes the ceiling or the circumferential wall. The difference in sound pressure level between the spectrum of the reflected sound and the spectrum of the direct sound at the same frequency point is determined as the energy ratio.

[0008] In one embodiment, the step of determining the sound pressure level difference between the spectrum of the reflected sound and the spectrum of the direct sound at the same frequency point as the energy ratio includes: Determine the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound, and determine the sound path ratio between the direct path and the reflected path; The product of the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio and the sound path ratio is calculated, and the product is calculated based on a preset algorithm to obtain the energy ratio.

[0009] In one embodiment, the step of determining the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound includes: Based on the directivity function, the first initial sound pressure amplitude corresponding to the direct sound is determined according to the first angle between the direction of travel of the direct sound and the vertical direction; Based on the directivity function, the second initial sound pressure amplitude corresponding to the reflected sound is determined according to the second angle between the direction of travel of the reflected sound and the vertical direction; The ratio of the first initial sound pressure amplitude to the second initial sound pressure amplitude is determined as the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio.

[0010] In one embodiment, the step of determining the sound path ratio of the direct path and the reflection path includes: The direct path from the sound source point to the receiving point is defined as the direct sound path. The path from the sound source point through the reflecting wall to the mirror symmetric point is determined as the equivalent propagation path of the reflection path, wherein the equivalent propagation path is the equivalent sound path of the reflected sound. Calculate the path ratio between the direct sound path and the equivalent sound path of the reflected sound.

[0011] In one embodiment, before the step of integrating the verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized into the overall simulation model of the target audio product, the waveguide optimization method for the audio device further includes: The simulation data is obtained by acoustic simulation of the physical model of the waveguide to be optimized. Test data obtained after acoustic testing of a physical sample of the waveguide to be optimized; If the deviation between the simulation data and the test data is less than a preset deviation value, the physical model is determined to have passed verification.

[0012] In one embodiment, after the step of obtaining test data from the physical sample of the waveguide to be optimized and performing acoustic testing, the waveguide optimization method for the audio device further includes: If the deviation between the simulation data and the test data is greater than or equal to a preset deviation value, the model parameters of the physical model are updated based on the input command.

[0013] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a waveguide optimization device, which includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the waveguide optimization method for the audio device as described above.

[0014] In addition, to achieve the above objectives, this application also proposes a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the waveguide optimization method for audio devices as described above.

[0015] One or more technical solutions proposed in this application have at least the following technical effects: By integrating the verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized into the whole-machine simulation model of the target audio product, and then determining the energy ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole-machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation, if the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, the physical structure information of the waveguide is output. In this way, the compatibility between the sky waveguide structure or the surround waveguide structure and the target audio product is ensured through simulation optimization, which improves the effectiveness and reliability of testing in waveguide development. It eliminates the need to frequently rely on the expensive anechoic chamber environment, and avoids the defects of waveguide unit testing or whole-machine audio testing in separating the reflected sound and the direct sound of the channel. It provides accurate and economical technical support for the performance optimization of the sky channel or surround channel of audio equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the waveguide optimization method for the audio device of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the ceiling-based mirroring principle in the waveguide optimization method for the audio device of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the mirror principle based on circumferential walls in the waveguide optimization method for the audio device of this application. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary application of the sky waveguide in the waveguide optimization method for the audio device of this application. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the changes in the optimized waveguide and the initial waveguide after applying the waveguide optimization method for the audio device of this application to the sky waveguide. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the directivity verification results of a single waveguide unit at different off-axis angles in the waveguide optimization method of the audio device of this application. Figure 7 A simplified flowchart illustrating the waveguide optimization method for audio devices obtained by combining various embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware operating environment involved in the waveguide optimization method of the audio device in this application embodiment.

[0019] The purpose, features, and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0020] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit this application.

[0021] The main solution of this application embodiment is to integrate the verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized into the whole simulation model of the target audio product. Determine the energy ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation; If the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, the physical structure information of the waveguide is output.

[0022] In this embodiment, for ease of description, the waveguide optimization device will be used as the execution subject in the following description.

[0023] Among the relevant waveguide development methods, the optimal testing environment is an anechoic chamber. However, for sky waveguides or surround waveguides, this environment requires the artificial construction of simulated ceilings or walls, which is costly. Furthermore, conducting whole-system testing directly in a room results in significant room reflections, making it difficult to accurately separate reflected sound from direct sound belonging to the sky or surround channels.

[0024] This application provides a solution that integrates the verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized into the whole-machine simulation model of the target audio product. Then, it determines the energy ratio between reflected sound and direct sound at the receiving point when the whole-machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation. If the energy ratio is greater than or equal to a preset energy ratio, the physical structure information of the waveguide is output. In this way, the compatibility of the sky waveguide structure or surround waveguide structure with the target audio product is ensured through simulation optimization, which improves the effectiveness and reliability of testing in waveguide development. It eliminates the need to frequently rely on the expensive anechoic chamber environment and avoids the defect of difficulty in separating channel reflected sound and direct sound in actual testing of the whole audio system. It provides accurate and economical technical support for the performance optimization of the sky channel or surround channel of audio equipment.

[0025] It should be noted that the executing entity in this embodiment can be a computing service device with data processing, network communication, and program execution functions, such as a tablet computer, personal computer, or mobile phone, or an electronic device or waveguide optimization device capable of performing the above functions. The following description uses a waveguide optimization device as an example to illustrate this embodiment and the subsequent embodiments.

[0026] To better understand the technical solution of this application, a detailed description will be provided below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0027] This application provides a waveguide optimization method for an audio device, referring to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the first embodiment of the waveguide optimization method for the audio device of this application.

[0028] In this embodiment, the waveguide optimization method for the audio device includes steps S10 to S30: Step S10: The verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized is integrated into the overall simulation model of the target audio product.

[0029] In this embodiment, the physical model refers to a simulation model constructed using simulation methods such as the finite element method and the boundary element method. Physical data of waveguide entities, such as openings, cavities, and mounting interfaces, as well as the physical contour data of the speaker unit's diaphragm, magnetic circuit, and housing, can be obtained through 3D scanning or design drawings. Then, a 1:1 or other scale 3D geometric model is reconstructed using finite element software. Therefore, this physical model includes two core acoustic components: a waveguide structure for guiding sound wave propagation and a speaker unit as the sound source. These two components are combined according to their actual assembly relationship to recreate the physical connection state in a real product. The speaker unit is the core component for generating sound waves, converting electrical signals into mechanical vibrations to radiate sound waves. Without the speaker unit, the waveguide has no guideable sound waves, making it impossible to simulate the actual working scenario. This allows the physical model to completely replicate the actual workflow of speaker sound generation, sound wave entry into the waveguide, and waveguide guiding sound wave propagation, avoiding the problem of failing to reproduce the acoustic coupling effect when modeling only a single waveguide or speaker, ensuring that subsequent simulations or tests reflect the real usage state. The target audio products are audio devices that integrate sky channel waveguide technology, such as home audio systems and gaming audio devices.

[0030] In this embodiment, before the physical model of the waveguide to be optimized is integrated into the overall simulation model, it undergoes waveguide model simulation testing, i.e., waveguide unit verification, to ensure that the integrated model reflects the actual acoustic characteristics of the waveguide. After obtaining the complete parameters of the verified waveguide unit simulation model, the R&D personnel can use 3D modeling software to construct the overall simulation model of the target audio product, fully including the speaker unit, product cavity, mounting interface, external acoustic environment boundary, etc., and reproducing the key diffraction structure of the enclosure, providing the waveguide physical model with an overall simulation environment that includes diffraction effects. Subsequently, through the acoustic coupling module of the FEM simulation platform, the waveguide unit model is embedded into the speaker outlet mounting position of the overall finite element simulation model, and an acoustic interaction link is established between the waveguide, speaker, and enclosure diffraction structure to ensure that the complete process of diffraction generated by the interaction between the waveguide radiated sound waves and the enclosure structure can be simulated.

[0031] Optionally, after the model is integrated into the whole machine simulation model, diffraction-related parameters can be verified on the integrated model, including the refinement of the grid at the edge of the enclosure and the acoustic sealing treatment of the gap between the waveguide and the enclosure, so as to avoid the diffraction effect being underestimated or distorted and to ensure the computational reliability of the integrated model.

[0032] Step S20: Determine the energy ratio between the reflected sound at the receiving point and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole machine simulation model simulates the propagation of sound waves. It should be noted that when reflected from the ceiling, the energy ratio is the ratio between the reflected sound from the sky channel and the direct sound at the receiving point. However, when reflected from circumferential walls, such as the left wall, the energy ratio is the ratio between the reflected sound from the surround channel and the direct sound at the receiving point.

[0033] Taking ceiling channels as an example, directly performing finite element simulation when considering the sound field reflected from the ceiling results in a huge computational burden. Typically, the ceiling is 3 meters above the ground, and direct calculation means establishing a huge computational mesh domain. However, accurate simulation of waveguides and sound sources (speaker units) requires fine mesh generation. Simultaneously satisfying the requirements for mesh domain and accuracy places excessive demands on computer performance and results in excessively long calculation times.

[0034] Therefore, in this embodiment, the mirror principle is introduced to simplify the computational model and complete the equivalent calculation. As an optional implementation method, step S20 includes steps S21 to S22: Step S21: Determine the reflected sound from the source point to the receiver point based on the mirror symmetry of the reflective wall when the whole machine simulation model simulates the propagation of sound waves, as well as the direct sound from the source point to the receiver point, wherein the reflective wall includes the ceiling or the circumferential wall.

[0035] Step S22: Determine the sound pressure level difference between the spectrum of the reflected sound and the spectrum of the direct sound at the same frequency point, and use it as the energy ratio.

[0036] In this embodiment, when simulating sound wave propagation in the whole-machine simulation model, the spectra of the direct sound from the waveguide and the reflected sound from the specified reflection path can be obtained based on the mirror principle, and the spectral difference between the two can be calculated as the energy ratio. The spectral difference refers to the difference in sound pressure level (dB) between the reflected sound spectrum and the direct sound spectrum at the same frequency point on a decibel scale, essentially representing the energy ratio of the reflected sound to the direct sound. This difference directly reflects the energy strength relationship, quantifies the optimization effect of the waveguide on the sky channel or surround sound channel, improves the simulation effect of the whole-machine finite element simulation model, and enables the output of an effective waveguide structure.

[0037] For example, using a sky waveguide, please refer to... Figure 2 S is the equivalent point sound source incorporating waveguide directivity, R is the receiving point, and Q is the mirror symmetric point of R about the ceiling. At this time, the direct sound from the sound source to the receiving point is the sound of path SR. Similarly, the reflected sound from the sound source to the receiving point based on the mirror symmetric point of the ceiling is the sound of path SMR. Then, the ratio of reflected sound energy to direct sound energy at the receiving point R is calculated using parameters such as equivalent sound path and initial sound pressure amplitude.

[0038] It should be noted that, without considering ceiling reflection loss, the specular reflection model uses the path SMQ as the equivalent propagation path of SMR, meaning that obtaining the sound pressure level at point Q is equivalent to obtaining the sound pressure level at point R. In addition to the ceiling, sound sources in the sky channel of a real room will also cause reflections from the side walls, and multiple reflections exist. However, here we only consider the sky sound effect, and path attenuation plays a dominant role in the next reflection. Figure 2 The simplified model of a single reflection shown is reasonable.

[0039] Furthermore, taking a surrounding waveguide as an example, please refer to... Figure 3 Similar to the sky waveguide, S is the equivalent point sound source incorporating the waveguide's directivity, R is the receiving point, and Q is the mirror-symmetric point of R about the circumferential walls. In this case, the direct sound from the source point to the receiving point is the sound along path SR. The reflected sound from the source point to the receiving point based on the mirror-symmetric point of the circumferential walls is the sound along path SMR. Subsequently, the ratio of reflected sound energy to direct sound energy at the receiving point R is calculated using parameters such as equivalent sound path and initial sound pressure amplitude.

[0040] It should be noted that the optimization principles of sky waveguides and surround waveguides are the same; the difference lies in the reflecting wall, i.e., sound is emitted through the ceiling or the circumferential walls, respectively. Therefore, for ease of description, the following explanation uses the sky waveguide as an example to illustrate the optimization process. The principle of the surround waveguide is the same and will not be repeated hereafter.

[0041] As an alternative implementation, after the simulation starts, the whole-machine simulation model radiates sound waves from the sky channel through a waveguide, records the time-domain acoustic signal at the receiving point, and uses cross-correlation analysis to separate the direct sound component (the signal that arrives at the receiving point first without reflection or superposition) from the time-domain signal, and simultaneously separates the reflected sound component (the signal that arrives at the receiving point later and is reflected by the ceiling, etc.). By calculating the energy of the two types of signals separately, and then solving for the ratio of reflected sound energy to direct sound energy, the ratio of reflected sound energy to direct sound energy in the sky channel is obtained.

[0042] Step S30: If the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, output the physical structure information of the waveguide to be optimized.

[0043] In this embodiment, the preset energy ratio is a ratio set based on requirements and can be dynamically updated. When the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, it indicates that the sky channel effect meets the standard during the simulation process, and the energy of the reflected sound is sufficient to simulate the sound from above. That is, the current waveguide structure or the optimized waveguide structure can successfully guide the sound waves to be reflected as expected, achieving the desired energy distribution, which means that the product's performance in this dimension meets the design goals.

[0044] Therefore, after obtaining the energy ratio, the device can retrieve the preset energy ratio, which can be set according to the audio device's sky channel performance standard; then the energy ratio is compared with the preset threshold to determine whether it meets the condition of being greater than or equal to. If the condition is met, the complete physical structure information of the waveguide to be optimized is extracted. This physical structure information includes at least geometric modulus, material parameters such as material type, acoustic characteristics, and mechanical strength.

[0045] This embodiment provides a waveguide optimization method for audio equipment, organically combining waveguide unit testing, waveguide unit simulation, and system-level whole-device simulation. The simulation model is calibrated using waveguide unit test data, and system-level whole-device simulation is achieved by combining the physical mechanisms of sound wave propagation. This allows for reliable calculation of the energy ratio in a virtual environment, thereby enabling iterative waveguide optimization. This method ensures the accuracy of the simulation model through unit testing and calibration, while simultaneously recreating the actual working scenario of the waveguide through system-level whole-device simulation. It effectively avoids the high cost of building an anechoic chamber and solves the problem of difficulty in separating sky-reflected sound from direct sound in traditional room audio system testing. It balances the reliability and efficiency of waveguide optimization, ensuring that the output waveguide structure accurately adapts to the whole device, significantly improving the acoustic performance stability of the audio equipment's sky channel. The same principle applies to the surround channels of the audio equipment.

[0046] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to that in the first embodiment can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Based on this, after step S20, steps S40~S50 are also included: Step S40: If the energy ratio is less than the preset energy ratio, update the waveguide geometry in the physical model; Step S50: Integrate the physical model into the whole-machine simulation model of the target audio product until the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, and output the physical structure information of the waveguide.

[0047] In this embodiment, the waveguide geometry includes at least the waveguide depth, opening and throat dimensions, surface curvature, and tilt angle. When the energy ratio is less than the preset energy ratio, it indicates that the structure of the waveguide to be optimized does not meet the requirements. In this case, its geometric parameters need to be adjusted and the actions of steps S10 to S20 need to be repeated to iteratively optimize the waveguide until the design goal is met.

[0048] As an alternative implementation, it can be based on parameter-driven logic. First, a parameterized representation of the waveguide shape is completed, meaning the waveguide shape is determined by a multivariable function. Updating the parameters then updates the waveguide structure. For example, an exponential horn... A waveguide is a type of waveguide that can be represented by an analytic function, where the cross-sectional area is... As the axial distance increases exponentially... This represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the throat. For expansion factor, Let be the waveguide depth. For a circular horn, then... , Clearly, the shape of a circular index horn can be determined by the radius of the throat. Mouth radius Horn depth These parameters represent the following: Specifically, the waveguide geometry can be updated based on the parameters input by the R&D personnel on the device. When the energy ratio is less than the preset energy ratio, the device responds to the input command of the waveguide geometry of the Sky Waveguide device, determines the fill value corresponding to the input command, and then updates the current waveguide geometry based on the fill value. For example, if the R&D personnel input the aperture width parameter of the waveguide as 8mm and the aperture height parameter as 4mm, the device will automatically update the corresponding aperture width field in the current waveguide geometry to 8mm and the aperture height field to 4mm, and then update the corresponding shape based on the fields, triggering a new round of whole-machine simulation.

[0049] As another optional implementation, a mapping relationship between energy ratio and waveguide geometry can be constructed using historical data. Then, based on the actual energy ratio, the waveguide geometry that needs adjustment can be determined, thereby automatically completing the waveguide geometry update and subsequent waveguide iterative optimization. Optionally, the mapping relationship corresponding to the waveguide geometry can also be constructed in other ways, which are not limited in this application.

[0050] Regarding waveguide iterative optimization, it's important to note that generally, a greater waveguide depth results in stronger directivity; a larger aperture size leads to a lower limit of the effective frequency range; and a smaller throat size results in a higher upper limit of the effective frequency range. However, practical considerations require trade-offs. For example, excessive depth may introduce deep troughs in the axial frequency response at extremely high frequencies; an excessively large aperture requires a corresponding increase in depth, which may not match the product design; and the lower limit of the throat size is limited by the size of the speaker unit. Rapid changes in curvature can lead to modal distortion, resulting in a poor frequency response profile. Therefore, waveguide geometry updates are typically achieved through adjustments and trade-offs made by R&D personnel.

[0051] For example, such as Figure 4 As shown in the exemplary application where the sky waveguide is mounted on a soundbar, the soundbar is 1210 mm long, 75 mm high, and 130 mm deep, with its front surface aligned with the receiving point. The directional distance is 3 m, and the upper surface is 3 m away from the receiving point. The directional distance is 0.2m, and the upper surface is perpendicular to the ceiling. The directional distance is 2.3m. The two waveguides are spaced 570mm apart and are symmetrically distributed.

[0052] Figure 5This chart compares the ratio of reflected sound energy to direct sound energy in the Soundbar's overhead channels before and after using optimized waveguides. The vertical axis, sound pressure level difference (dB), directly reflects the energy ratio of reflected sound to direct sound; the larger the difference, the stronger the reflected sound energy. The horizontal axis represents frequency (Hz). The optimized waveguide's spectral difference curve is higher than the initial waveguide, with a sound pressure level difference reaching 6dB above 3.9kHz. In the high-frequency range, the optimized waveguide's difference can exceed 6dB, meaning the reflected sound energy is more than four times that of the direct sound. This improvement directly enhances the spatial immersion of the Soundbar's overhead channels, allowing users to clearly perceive the layers of high-altitude sound effects.

[0053] Furthermore, Figure 5 The optimized waveguide curve shown is smoother, especially with a significant reduction in fluctuations in the mid-to-high frequency range (above 5kHz). This indicates that the iteratively optimized waveguide provides more precise and uniform control over the reflection of sound waves at different frequencies. The resulting overhead channel sound is more natural and coherent, without noticeable frequency band separation. This addresses the shortcomings of the initial waveguide in overhead channel performance, enabling a stable and clear overhead sound field even when using speakers positioned low. From a technical perspective, iterative optimization of the waveguide achieves precise control over reflected sound energy at specific high frequencies, providing crucial support for the performance breakthrough of the soundbar's overhead channels. This also allows the product to meet users' demands for cinematic spatial sound effects in terms of acoustic refinement and immersion.

[0054] It should be noted that the above Soundbar is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the target product.

[0055] This embodiment provides a waveguide optimization method for audio devices. When the energy ratio is less than a preset energy ratio, the waveguide geometry is updated in a target-oriented manner, including but not limited to parameter-driven structural parameter response updates and mapping relationships between energy ratio and waveguide constructed from historical data. When the structure of the waveguide to be optimized does not meet actual requirements, adjustments are made through continuous iterative optimization to avoid invalid waveguide information output. Simultaneously, through iterative optimization of the waveguide, precise control of reflected sound energy in specific frequency bands is achieved, providing crucial support for performance breakthroughs in target audio products and enabling the product to meet deeper user needs.

[0056] Based on the first or second embodiment of this application, in the third embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to the above embodiment can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. In addition, step S22 further includes steps S221 to S222: Step S221: Determine the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound, and determine the sound path ratio between the direct path and the reflected path; Step S222: Calculate the product of the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio and the sound path ratio, and calculate the product based on a preset algorithm to obtain the energy ratio.

[0057] In this embodiment, the ratio of the energy of the reflected sound to the energy of the direct sound is the difference in sound pressure levels at the receiving point. The calculation process for this sound pressure level difference is as follows: .

[0058] Please continue to refer to Figure 2 , This represents the sound pressure level of the reflected sound at the receiving point R. This refers to the sound pressure level of the direct sound at the receiving point R. For spectral difference This directly characterizes the energy of reflected sound and direct sound. It is the ratio of the initial sound pressure amplitude between the reflected sound and the direct sound.

[0059] in, This is the formula for the directivity function, describing the sound source in different directions. and different operating frequencies The acoustic radiation characteristics under these conditions The operating frequency of the loudspeaker is the same as the operating frequency of the model sound source, and the angle between the direct sound direction and the vertical direction is... The angle between the reflected sound direction and the vertical direction is The direct sound path is The path length of the reflected sound is , This converts the sound pressure ratio into a logarithmic scale relationship of sound pressure level difference. The logarithmic relationship can be set according to requirements.

[0060] Therefore, when determining the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio between reflected and direct sound, it is necessary to determine the first initial sound pressure amplitude corresponding to the direct sound based on the directivity function and the first angle between the direction of travel of the direct sound and the vertical direction, and the second initial sound pressure amplitude corresponding to the reflected sound based on the directivity function and the second angle between the direction of travel of the reflected sound and the vertical direction. Finally, the ratio of the first and second initial sound pressure amplitudes is determined as the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio. When determining the path ratio, it is necessary to first determine the path of the direct sound and the path of the reflected sound. The direct sound path is the direct path from the sound source to the receiver, while the reflected sound path is the path from the sound source through the reflecting wall (ceiling) to the mirror symmetric point. Therefore, the path from the sound source through the ceiling to the mirror symmetric point can be determined as the equivalent propagation path of the reflected path, which is the equivalent sound path of the reflected sound. Finally, the path ratio between the direct sound path and the equivalent sound path of the reflected sound is calculated.

[0061] For example, please continue to refer to Figure 2Let path SR be the direct sound path. The path SMQ is the equivalent sound path of the reflected sound. The sound path ratio is / The angle between the direction of sound travel and the vertical direction is... The angle between the direction of travel of the reflected sound and the vertical direction is... At this point, the vertical directivity of the equivalent sound source is denoted as . The ratio of the initial sound pressure amplitude of the reflected sound to that of the direct sound is: Finally, the product of the initial sound pressure amplitude and the sound path ratio is input into the preset value. The energy ratio is then calculated.

[0062] It should be noted that, Figure 2 or Figure 3 shown The waveguide tilt angle is the angle between the waveguide axial direction and the vertical direction. Its optimal size cannot be simply taken as the reflection angle. .when Gradually increase to At that time, the reflected sound corresponds to the waveguide axis, and its sound wave amplitude is the largest, but this does not mean that... It also maximizes, because at this time It also decreases synchronously. It should also be maximized. Generally, the larger the off-axis angle, the faster the attenuation; therefore, the waveguide tilt angle should satisfy... Furthermore, the choice of tilt angle is also limited by installation conditions such as the size of the enclosure; for example, when increasing the tilt angle... Figure 2 When adjusting the tilt angle of the middle waveguide, the waveguide depth needs to be increased to avoid the short busbar being too short; otherwise, geometric interference with the box structure may occur.

[0063] This embodiment provides a waveguide optimization method for audio devices. It calculates the energy ratio by combining the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio of reflected sound and direct sound, as well as the sound path ratio. It accurately quantifies the energy relationship between the two from two dimensions: the initial radiation characteristics of the sound source and the propagation path characteristics. This allows for targeted optimization of waveguide design and enhances the acoustic immersion in scenarios such as sky channels or surround sound.

[0064] Based on the first or second embodiment of this application, in the fourth embodiment of this application, the content that is the same as or similar to the above embodiment can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. In addition, before step S10, steps S01~S03 are also included: Step S01: Obtain simulation data of the physical model of the waveguide to be optimized after acoustic simulation.

[0065] Step S02: Obtain test data after acoustic testing of the physical sample of the waveguide to be optimized; Step S03: If the deviation between the simulation data and the test data is less than the preset deviation value, the physical model is confirmed to have passed the verification.

[0066] In this embodiment, during the waveguide unit model verification stage, after establishing a physical model of the waveguide to be optimized using the finite element method, acoustic simulation is performed on this physical model to obtain directional simulation data. Simultaneously, acoustic testing is conducted on a physical sample of the waveguide to obtain directional test data. Next, the directional data from the finite element acoustic simulation is compared with the directional data from the physical sample acoustic test to ensure that the simulation model accurately reflects the acoustic characteristics of the waveguide. Only a calibrated waveguide unit simulation model can be reliably integrated into the subsequent enclosure simulation model, i.e., the overall system simulation model, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the overall system acoustic simulation and avoiding deviations in the overall system acoustic performance prediction due to model errors.

[0067] Therefore, when the deviation between the simulation data and the test data is less than the preset deviation value, the physical model is deemed to have passed the verification.

[0068] Optionally, if the deviation between the simulation data and the test data is greater than or equal to a preset deviation value, the model parameters of the physical model need to be updated based on the input command. These model parameters refer to relevant parameters of the speaker unit, such as the speaker unit diaphragm, the speaker's own physical properties, and physical field parameters. Data updates are performed via commands from the R&D personnel to ensure that the consistency between the directional simulation data and the test data reaches a preset standard. For example, Figure 6 The directivity verification results of a single waveguide unit at different off-axis angles are shown. With the sound pressure level along the waveguide axis as a reference, the vertical axis represents the normalized sound pressure level (dB), and the horizontal axis represents the frequency (Hz). The frequency response results at off-axis angles of 30°, 60°, and 90° are normalized to characterize the waveguide's directivity. Simulation curves are from acoustic simulation results of the finite element model, while measured curves are from acoustic test results of actual waveguide samples. Based on... Figure 6 The curves shown almost perfectly match the simulated and measured curves at the same off-axis angle within the 2kHz~20kHz frequency band, indicating that the simulated model of the waveguide unit can accurately reproduce the directivity characteristics of the actual object. Based on this, when the calibrated waveguide model is integrated into the enclosure simulation model, the accuracy of the overall acoustic simulation can be guaranteed, thereby improving the accuracy of waveguide testing.

[0069] For example, to help understand the implementation flow of the waveguide optimization method for the audio device obtained by combining the above embodiments, please refer to... Figure 7 , Figure 7A simplified flowchart of a waveguide optimization method for audio devices is provided. Specifically: In the initialization phase, after inputting initial waveguide data, the waveguide data model is simulated and the corresponding structure is measured to obtain the simulated and measured waveguide unit directivity data. Then, it is determined whether the deviation between the two is less than 3dB. If not, the waveguide unit simulation model is adjusted and calibrated, and the data is re-detected. If yes, the model is considered calibrated. Next, the calibrated waveguide unit simulation model is embedded into the enclosure simulation, and the spectra of reflected sound and direct sound are calculated. The difference between their spectra, i.e., the energy ratio, is checked to see if it exceeds a threshold. If not, the waveguide geometric parameters are optimized and updated. If yes, the waveguide digital model is output, completing the iterative update of the waveguide.

[0070] This application provides a waveguide optimization device, which includes: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, which are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the waveguide optimization method of the audio device in the first embodiment described above.

[0071] The following is for reference. Figure 8 It shows a schematic diagram of a waveguide optimization device suitable for implementing the embodiments of this application. Figure 8 The waveguide optimization device shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of this application.

[0072] like Figure 8As shown, the waveguide optimization device may include a processing unit 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.), which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 1002 or a program loaded from a storage device 1003 into a random access memory (RAM) 1004. The random access memory 1004 also stores various programs and data required for the operation of the waveguide optimization device. The processing unit 1001, the read-only memory 1002, and the random access memory 1004 are interconnected via a bus 1005. An input / output (I / O) interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Typically, the following systems can be connected to the input / output interface 1006: input devices 1007 including, for example, touchscreens, touchpads, keyboards, mice, image sensors, microphones, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.; output devices 1008 including, for example, liquid crystal displays (LCDs), speakers, vibrators, etc.; storage devices 1003 including, for example, magnetic tapes, hard disks, etc.; and communication devices 1009. Communication device 1009 allows the waveguide optimization device to communicate wirelessly or wiredly with other devices to exchange data. Although waveguide optimization devices with various systems are shown in the figures, it should be understood that it is not required to implement or possess all the systems shown. More or fewer systems can be implemented alternatively.

[0073] Specifically, according to the embodiments disclosed in this application, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments disclosed in this application include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via a communication device, or installed from storage device 1003, or installed from read-only memory 1002. When the computer program is executed by processing device 1001, it performs the functions defined in the methods of the embodiments disclosed in this application.

[0074] The waveguide optimization device provided in this application employs the waveguide optimization method for audio devices described in the above embodiments, which can solve the technical problem of difficulty in quantifying the energy ratio in the waveguide development of audio devices. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the waveguide optimization device provided in this application are the same as those of the waveguide optimization method for audio devices provided in the above embodiments, and other technical features of this waveguide optimization device are the same as those disclosed in the method of the previous embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0075] It should be understood that the various parts disclosed in this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0076] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

[0077] This application provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) stored thereon, the computer-readable program instructions being used to execute the waveguide optimization method for the audio device in the above embodiments.

[0078] The computer-readable storage medium provided in this application may be, for example, a USB flash drive, but is not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory, read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM, or flash memory), optical fibers, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this embodiment, the computer-readable storage medium may be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, system, or device. The program code contained on the computer-readable storage medium may be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to: wires, optical cables, radio frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0079] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium may be included in the waveguide optimization device; or it may exist independently and not be assembled into the waveguide optimization device.

[0080] The aforementioned computer-readable storage medium carries one or more programs that, when executed by the waveguide optimization device, cause the waveguide optimization device to: The verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized is integrated into the overall simulation model of the target audio product. Determine the energy ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation; If the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, the physical structure information of the waveguide is output.

[0081] Computer program code for performing the operations of this application can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages ​​such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++, as well as conventional procedural programming languages ​​such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving remote computers, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network—including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN)—or can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0082] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of this application. In this regard, each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, segment, or portion of code containing one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those indicated in the drawings. For example, two consecutively indicated blocks may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams and / or flowcharts, may be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified function or operation, or using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0083] The modules described in the embodiments of this application can be implemented in software or hardware. The names of the modules do not necessarily limit the functionality of the unit itself.

[0084] The readable storage medium provided in this application is a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer-readable program instructions (i.e., a computer program) for executing the waveguide optimization method of the above-described audio device, which can solve the technical problem of difficulty in quantifying the energy ratio in the waveguide development of audio devices. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer-readable storage medium provided in this application are the same as the beneficial effects of the waveguide optimization method of the audio device provided in the above embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0085] The above description is only a part of the embodiments of this application and does not limit the patent scope of this application. All equivalent structural transformations made under the technical concept of this application and using the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included in the patent protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A waveguide optimization method for an audio device, characterized in that, The waveguide optimization method for the audio device includes: The verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized is integrated into the overall simulation model of the target audio product. Determine the energy ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation; If the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, the physical structure information of the waveguide to be optimized is output.

2. The waveguide optimization method for audio devices as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After determining the energy ratio between reflected sound and direct sound at the receiving point when the whole-machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation, the waveguide optimization method for the audio device further includes: If the energy ratio is less than the preset energy ratio, update the waveguide geometry in the physical model; The physical model is integrated into the overall simulation model of the target audio product until the energy ratio is greater than or equal to the preset energy ratio, and then the physical structure information of the waveguide is output.

3. The waveguide optimization method for an audio device as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, The step of determining the energy ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound at the receiving point when the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation includes: When the whole machine simulation model simulates sound wave propagation, it determines the reflected sound from the sound source point to the receiving point based on the mirror symmetry point of the reflecting wall, and the direct sound from the sound source point to the receiving point, wherein the reflecting wall includes the ceiling or the circumferential wall. The difference in sound pressure level between the spectrum of the reflected sound and the spectrum of the direct sound at the same frequency point is determined as the energy ratio.

4. The waveguide optimization method for audio devices as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The step of determining the sound pressure level difference between the spectrum of the reflected sound and the spectrum of the direct sound at the same frequency point, as the energy ratio, includes: Determine the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound, and determine the sound path ratio between the direct path and the reflected path; The product of the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio and the sound path ratio is calculated, and the product is calculated based on a preset algorithm to obtain the energy ratio.

5. The waveguide optimization method for audio devices as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio between the reflected sound and the direct sound includes: Based on the directivity function, the first initial sound pressure amplitude corresponding to the direct sound is determined according to the first angle between the direction of travel of the direct sound and the vertical direction; Based on the directivity function, the second initial sound pressure amplitude corresponding to the reflected sound is determined according to the second angle between the direction of travel of the reflected sound and the vertical direction; The ratio of the first initial sound pressure amplitude to the second initial sound pressure amplitude is determined as the initial sound pressure amplitude ratio.

6. The waveguide optimization method for audio devices as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The step of determining the sound path ratio of the direct path and the reflection path includes: The direct path from the sound source point to the receiving point is defined as the direct sound path. The path from the sound source point through the reflecting wall to the mirror symmetric point is determined as the equivalent propagation path of the reflection path, wherein the equivalent propagation path is the equivalent sound path of the reflected sound. Calculate the path ratio between the direct sound path and the equivalent sound path of the reflected sound.

7. The waveguide optimization method for an audio device as described in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that, Before the step of integrating the verified physical model of the waveguide to be optimized into the overall simulation model of the target audio product, the waveguide optimization method for the audio device further includes: The simulation data is obtained by acoustic simulation of the physical model of the waveguide to be optimized. Test data obtained after acoustic testing of a physical sample of the waveguide to be optimized; If the deviation between the simulation data and the test data is less than a preset deviation value, the physical model is determined to have passed verification.

8. The waveguide optimization method for audio devices as described in claim 7, characterized in that, Following the step of obtaining test data from the acoustic testing of the physical sample of the waveguide to be optimized, the waveguide optimization method for the audio device further includes: If the deviation between the simulation data and the test data is greater than or equal to a preset deviation value, the model parameters of the physical model are updated based on the input command.

9. A waveguide optimization device, characterized in that, The waveguide optimization device includes: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, the computer program being configured to implement the steps of the waveguide optimization method for the audio device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium is a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program is stored on the storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the waveguide optimization method for the audio device as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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