Modified dodecylamine collector, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of mineral processing, and particularly relates to a modified dodecylamine collector, a preparation method and application thereof.The preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector provided by the present application comprises the following steps: carrying out glow discharge air plasma treatment on dodecylamine by taking air as a working gas.The present application introduces oxygen-containing and / or nitrogen-containing active groups on the surface of dodecylamine molecules by means of glow discharge air plasma modification of dodecylamine, and the dodecylamine is used for flotation separation of quartz and hematite, so that the adsorption capacity and selectivity of the dodecylamine to quartz, especially fine quartz, are enhanced, and efficient separation of quartz and hematite can be realized at a lower dosage; and the raw material of the preparation method is green and environmentally friendly, the modification process is low-temperature, safe and controllable, no by-product is generated, and the energy consumption is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing technology, and in particular to a modified dodecylamine collector, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Dodecylamine is a typical cationic collector. Due to its good collecting ability for silicate minerals such as quartz, it is widely used in the reverse flotation desilication process of iron ore.

[0003] As mineral resources become increasingly refined, the particle size of target minerals in ores becomes finer, requiring fine grinding to achieve individual mineral liberation. During flotation, fine-grained minerals have small mass, large specific surface area, and high surface energy, significantly increasing the difficulty of flotation.

[0004] In the flotation separation system of quartz and hematite, dodecylamine has limited ability to collect fine-grained quartz (especially below -400 mesh), which easily leads to quartz loss in the tailings. At the same time, the selectivity of dodecylamine in the separation process of quartz and hematite still needs to be improved, making it difficult to efficiently recover quartz while ensuring that hematite is not floated. In actual production, it is often necessary to use a large amount of depressant, which increases the cost of reagents and the burden of subsequent dewatering operations.

[0005] Therefore, developing a highly efficient collector with strong and selective ability to collect fine-grained quartz is of great significance for improving the utilization rate of complex and difficult-to-process iron ore resources.

[0006] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The first objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a modified dodecylamine collector, which involves introducing oxygen- and / or nitrogen-containing active groups onto the surface of dodecylamine molecules through plasma treatment, thereby enhancing its adsorption capacity and selectivity for quartz, especially fine-grained quartz.

[0008] A second objective of this invention is to provide a modified dodecylamine collector.

[0009] A third objective of this invention is to provide a flotation separation method for quartz and hematite.

[0010] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives of the present invention, the following technical solution is adopted:

[0011] This invention provides a method for preparing a modified dodecylamine collector, comprising the following steps: using air as the working gas, subjecting dodecylamine to glow discharge plasma treatment.

[0012] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector includes the following steps:

[0013] S1. Place dodecylamine in the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum level of 80~100 Pa.

[0014] S2. Air with a purity ≥99.99% is introduced into the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber at a flow rate of 60~600mL / min.

[0015] S3. Start the glow discharge module and perform glow discharge plasma treatment on the dodecylamine for 300~600s to obtain the modified dodecylamine collector.

[0016] Furthermore, the power of the glow discharge plasma treatment is 1.3~1.8KW.

[0017] The present invention also provides a modified dodecylamine collector, which is prepared by the modified dodecylamine collector preparation method described above.

[0018] The present invention also provides a flotation separation method for quartz and hematite, which uses the modified dodecylamine collector described above to separate the ore by flotation.

[0019] Furthermore, the particle size of the ore is ≤0.074mm.

[0020] Furthermore, the flotation separation method for quartz and hematite includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. The ore is successively ground and prepared into a slurry to obtain a slurry;

[0022] S2. Adjust the pH of the slurry;

[0023] S3. Add the inhibitor and the modified dodecylamine collector solution sequentially to the slurry after pH adjustment, and perform aeration flotation to obtain quartz concentrate and tailings containing hematite.

[0024] Further, the pH of the slurry is adjusted to 8-10;

[0025] And / or, pH adjusters include sulfuric acid and / or sodium hydroxide.

[0026] Furthermore, the inhibitor includes starch;

[0027] And / or, based on ore, the amount of the inhibitor added is 500~3000g / t.

[0028] Furthermore, the concentration of the modified dodecylamine collector in the modified dodecylamine collector solution is 1wt%~5wt%;

[0029] And / or, based on ore, the amount of the modified dodecylamine collector added is 100~1000 g / t.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] The preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector of the present invention modifies dodecylamine by glow discharge air plasma, introducing oxygen- and / or nitrogen-containing active groups on the surface of dodecylamine molecules, and then using it for flotation separation of quartz and hematite. This enhances its adsorption capacity and selectivity for quartz, especially fine-grained quartz, and has a strong collecting capacity for fine-grained quartz. It can achieve efficient separation of quartz and hematite, and the amount of reagent used is small and the cost is low.

[0032] The preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector of the present invention uses green and environmentally friendly raw materials that are inexpensive and readily available; the modification process is low-temperature safe and controllable with no by-products generated; it has low energy consumption; and it can be applied on a large scale in actual production. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiments described below are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not be regarded as limiting the scope of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall be followed. Where the manufacturers of reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for preparing a modified dodecylamine collector is provided, comprising the following steps: using air as the working gas, subjecting dodecylamine to glow discharge plasma treatment.

[0035] The preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector of the present invention is a method for preparing a glow discharge air plasma modified dodecylamine collector. Through plasma treatment, oxygen-containing and / or nitrogen-containing active groups are introduced on the surface of the dodecylamine molecule. It is then used for the flotation separation of quartz and hematite, which enhances its adsorption capacity and selectivity for quartz, especially fine-grained quartz. It has a strong collecting ability for fine-grained quartz, can achieve efficient separation of quartz and hematite, and requires less reagent and is inexpensive.

[0036] The preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector of the present invention uses green and environmentally friendly raw materials that are inexpensive and readily available; the modification process is low-temperature safe and controllable with no by-products generated; it has low energy consumption; and it can be applied on a large scale in actual production.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector includes the following steps:

[0038] S1. Place dodecylamine in the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber and evacuate it to a vacuum level of 80~100Pa.

[0039] S2. Introduce air with a purity of ≥99.99% into the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber at a flow rate of 60~600mL / min.

[0040] S3. Start the glow discharge module and perform glow discharge plasma treatment on dodecylamine for 300~600s to obtain a modified dodecylamine collector.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, typically but not limitingly, for example, in step S1, the vacuum level of the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber is 80 Pa, 85 Pa, 90 Pa, 95 Pa, 100 Pa, and any value between any two thereof.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, typically but not limitingly, for example, in step S2, the air flow rate can be 60 mL / min, 100 mL / min, 150 mL / min, 200 mL / min, 250 mL / min, 300 mL / min, 350 mL / min, 400 mL / min, 450 mL / min, 500 mL / min, 550 mL / min, 600 mL / min, and any value between any two of these.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, typically but not limitingly, for example, in step S3, the time for glow discharge plasma treatment can be 300s, 350s, 400s, 450s, 500s, 550s, 600s, and any value between any two of these.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the power of the glow discharge plasma treatment is 1.3~1.8KW; typically, but not limitingly, for example, the power of the glow discharge plasma treatment can be 1.3KW, 1.4KW, 1.5KW, 1.6KW, 1.7KW, 1.8KW, and any value between any two thereof; preferably 1.5KW. The preparation method of the modified dodecylamine collector of the present invention has low energy consumption, with a total power of 1.3~1.8KW.

[0045] The glow discharge plasma treatment of the present invention is a glow discharge plasma treatment under low temperature and low pressure conditions; the temperature of the glow discharge plasma treatment is <100℃, and room temperature is generally sufficient.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present invention, a modified dodecylamine collector is also provided, which is prepared by the above-described method for preparing the modified dodecylamine collector.

[0047] The modified dodecylamine collector prepared by the method of the present invention has strong selectivity and good collection effect, and can achieve good flotation separation effect of quartz and hematite with a small amount.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present invention, a flotation separation method for quartz and hematite is also provided, wherein the above-mentioned modified dodecylamine collector is used to separate the ore by flotation.

[0049] The modified dodecylamine collector of the present invention is used for the flotation separation of quartz and hematite. It has good adsorption capacity and selectivity for quartz, especially fine-grained quartz, and has a good flotation separation effect.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the ore is ≤0.074mm; efficient separation can be achieved for fine-grained ores below 200 mesh (0.074mm).

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the flotation separation method for quartz and hematite includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. The ore is ground and mixed sequentially to obtain a slurry;

[0053] S2, Adjust the pH of the slurry;

[0054] S3. Add inhibitor and modified dodecylamine collector solution to the slurry after pH adjustment, and carry out aeration flotation to obtain quartz concentrate and tailings containing hematite.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S1, the particle size of the ore after grinding is -200 to +325 mesh (0.043 to 0.074 mm), -325 to +400 mesh (0.038 to 0.043 mm), or -400 mesh (<0.038 mm).

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, step S1, slurry preparation includes: adding water to the ground ore to prepare the slurry; preferably, the solid content of the slurry is 1wt% to 50wt%; typically, but not limitingly, for example, the solid content of the slurry can be 1wt%, 10wt%, 20wt%, 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, and any value between any two of these.

[0057] In some embodiments of the invention, in step S2, the pH of the slurry is adjusted to 8-10; typically, but not limitingly, for example, the pH of the slurry is adjusted to 8, 8.2, 8.4, 8.6, 8.8, 9, 9.2, 9.4, 9.4, 9.6, 9.8, 10, and any value between any two of these.

[0058] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S2, the pH adjuster includes sulfuric acid and / or sodium hydroxide.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the inhibitor includes, but is not limited to, starch.

[0060] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the amount of inhibitor added is 500-3000 g / t based on ore; that is, 500-3000 g of inhibitor is added per ton of ore; typically, but not limitingly, for example, the amount of inhibitor added based on ore can be 500 g / t, 700 g / t, 1000 g / t, 1500 g / t, 2000 g / t, 2500 g / t, 3000 g / t and any value between any two of these.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the concentration of the modified dodecylamine collector in the modified dodecylamine collector solution is 1wt% to 5wt%; typically, but not limitingly, for example, the concentration of the modified dodecylamine collector in the modified dodecylamine collector solution can be 1wt%, 2wt%, 3wt%, 4wt%, 5wt%, and any value between any two thereof; preferably, the modified dodecylamine collector solution is an aqueous solution of the modified dodecylamine collector.

[0062] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the amount of modified dodecylamine collector added is 100-1000 g / t based on ore; that is, 100-1000 g of modified dodecylamine collector is added per ton of ore; typically, but not limitingly, for example, the amount of modified dodecylamine collector added can be 100 g / t, 200 g / t, 300 g / t, 400 g / t, 500 g / t, 600 g / t, 700 g / t, 800 g / t, 900 g / t, 1000 g / t, and any value between any two of these.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present invention, in step S3, the time for aeration flotation is 3 to 10 minutes; typically, but not limitingly, for example, the time for aeration flotation can be 3 minutes, 4 minutes, 5 minutes, 6 minutes, 7 minutes, 8 minutes, 9 minutes, 10 minutes, and any value between any two of these.

[0064] Example 1

[0065] The method for preparing the modified dodecylamine collector provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0066] S1. Place dodecylamine in the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber and evacuate it to a vacuum level of 90 Pa.

[0067] S2. Introduce air with a purity of ≥99.99% into the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber at a flow rate of 300 mL / min.

[0068] S3. Start the glow discharge module to perform glow discharge plasma treatment on dodecylamine for 300s with a power of 1.5KW to obtain a modified dodecylamine collector.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] The method for preparing the modified dodecylamine collector provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0071] S1. Place dodecylamine in the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber and evacuate it to a vacuum level of 80 Pa.

[0072] S2. Introduce air with a purity ≥99.99% into the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber at a flow rate of 600 mL / min.

[0073] S3. Start the glow discharge module to perform glow discharge plasma treatment on dodecylamine for 450s with a power of 1.3KW to obtain a modified dodecylamine collector.

[0074] Example 3

[0075] The method for preparing the modified dodecylamine collector provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0076] S1. Place dodecylamine in the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber and evacuate it to a vacuum level of 100 Pa.

[0077] S2. Introduce air with a purity ≥99.99% into the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber at a flow rate of 60 mL / min.

[0078] S3. Start the glow discharge module to perform glow discharge plasma treatment on dodecylamine for 600s with a power of 1.8KW to obtain modified dodecylamine collector.

[0079] Example 4

[0080] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0081] S1. After grinding and sieving pure quartz minerals and pure hematite minerals respectively, pure quartz minerals and pure hematite minerals with a particle size of 200~325 mesh (0.043~0.074mm) are obtained; pure quartz minerals and pure hematite minerals with a particle size of 200~325 mesh are mixed at a mass ratio of 3:7 to obtain mixed minerals; 2g of mixed minerals are weighed and placed in a flotation cell, 60mL of deionized water is added, and the pulp is adjusted for 2min using an XFGII type hanging cell flotation machine at a speed of 1600rpm / min to obtain slurry;

[0082] S2. Add sodium hydroxide or dilute sulfuric acid to the above slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 8;

[0083] S3. Then add starch inhibitor and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of starch inhibitor added is 2500 g / t. Then add an aqueous solution of modified dodecylamine collector (prepared by the preparation method in Example 1) (concentration of 1 wt%) and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of modified dodecylamine collector added is 300 g / t. Finally, skim the foam for 3 min.

[0084] After the foaming process is completed, the foam product (quartz concentrate) and the product in the tank (tailings containing hematite) are dried, weighed, and their recovery rates are calculated.

[0085] Example 5

[0086] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0087] S1. After grinding and sieving pure quartz minerals and pure hematite minerals respectively, pure quartz minerals and pure hematite minerals with a particle size of 325~400 mesh (0.038~0.043mm) are obtained; pure quartz minerals and pure hematite minerals with a particle size of 325~400 mesh are mixed at a mass ratio of 5:5 to obtain mixed minerals; 2g of mixed minerals are weighed and placed in a flotation cell, 60mL of deionized water is added, and XFGII type hanging cell flotation machine is used at a speed of 1600rpm / min for 2min to obtain slurry;

[0088] S2. Add sodium hydroxide or dilute sulfuric acid to the above slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 9;

[0089] S3. Then add starch inhibitor and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of starch inhibitor added is 2000 g / t. Then add an aqueous solution of modified dodecylamine collector (prepared by the preparation method of Example 1) (concentration of 1 wt%) and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of modified dodecylamine collector added is 200 g / t. Finally, skim the foam for 3 min.

[0090] After the foaming process is completed, the foam product (quartz concentrate) and the product in the tank (tailings containing hematite) are dried, weighed, and their recovery rates are calculated.

[0091] Example 6

[0092] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0093] S1. After grinding and sieving the pure quartz mineral and the pure hematite mineral separately (using a 400-mesh sieve), pure quartz mineral and pure hematite mineral with a particle size of <0.038mm are obtained. The pure quartz mineral and pure hematite mineral with a particle size of <0.038mm are mixed at a mass ratio of 6:4 to obtain a mixed mineral. 2g of the mixed mineral is weighed and placed in a flotation cell, 60mL of deionized water is added, and the pulp is adjusted for 2min using an XFGII type hanging cell flotation machine at a speed of 1600rpm / min to obtain the slurry.

[0094] S2. Add sodium hydroxide or dilute sulfuric acid to the above slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 9;

[0095] S3. Then add starch inhibitor and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of starch inhibitor added is 3000 g / t. Then add an aqueous solution of modified dodecylamine collector (prepared by the preparation method in Example 1) (concentration of 1 wt%) and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of modified dodecylamine collector added is 500 g / t. Finally, skim the foam for 3 min.

[0096] After the foaming process is completed, the foam product (quartz concentrate) and the product in the tank (tailings containing hematite) are dried, weighed, and their recovery rates are calculated.

[0097] Example 7

[0098] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0099] S1. The main minerals of the raw quartz ore are quartz, hematite, dolomite, feldspar, and calcite, with a quartz content of 85 wt% and a hematite content of 3 wt%. After grinding and screening the raw quartz ore, minerals with a particle size ≤ 0.074 mm are obtained. 500 g of minerals are weighed and placed in a flotation cell, 1000 mL of deionized water is added, and the slurry is adjusted for 2 min using an XFD-Ⅳ single-cell flotation machine at a speed of 1600 rpm / min to obtain the slurry.

[0100] S2. Add sodium hydroxide or dilute sulfuric acid to the above slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 8;

[0101] S3. Then add starch inhibitor and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of starch inhibitor added is 1500 g / t. Then add an aqueous solution of modified dodecylamine collector (prepared by the preparation method in Example 1) (concentration of 1 wt%) and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of modified dodecylamine collector added is 1000 g / t. Finally, skim the foam for 5 min to obtain quartz concentrate and tailings containing hematite.

[0102] Example 8

[0103] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0104] S1. The main minerals of the raw quartz ore are quartz, hematite, dolomite, feldspar, and calcite, with a quartz content of 75 wt% and a hematite content of 25 wt%. After grinding and screening the raw quartz ore, minerals with a particle size <0.038 mm are obtained. 500 g of the minerals are weighed and placed in a flotation cell, 1000 mL of deionized water is added, and the slurry is adjusted for 2 min using an XFD-Ⅳ single-cell flotation machine at a speed of 1600 rpm / min to obtain the slurry.

[0105] S2. Add sodium hydroxide or dilute sulfuric acid to the above slurry to adjust the pH of the slurry to 9;

[0106] S3. Then add starch inhibitor and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of starch inhibitor added is 2000 g / t. Then add an aqueous solution of modified dodecylamine collector (prepared by the preparation method in Example 1) (concentration of 1 wt%) and stir at 1600 rpm / min for 3 min. The amount of modified dodecylamine collector added is 1000 g / t. Finally, skim the foam for 5 min to obtain quartz concentrate and tailings containing hematite.

[0107] Example 9

[0108] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 7, except that the modified dodecylamine collector is prepared using the preparation method in Example 2.

[0109] Example 10

[0110] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this embodiment is the same as that in Example 7, except that the modified dodecylamine collector is prepared using the preparation method in Example 3.

[0111] Comparative Example 1

[0112] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 4, except that the modified dodecylamine collector is replaced with a dodecylamine collector.

[0113] Comparative Example 2

[0114] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 5, except that the modified dodecylamine collector is replaced with a dodecylamine collector.

[0115] Comparative Example 3

[0116] The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite provided in this comparative example is the same as that in Example 6, except that the modified dodecylamine collector is replaced with a dodecylamine collector.

[0117] Test case

[0118] The flotation separation results of Examples 4-10 and Comparative Examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1.

[0119] Table 1

[0120]

[0121] As can be seen from Table 1, compared with the unmodified dodecylamine collector, the dodecylamine collector modified by glow discharge air plasma in this invention enhances its adsorption capacity and selectivity for quartz, especially fine-grained quartz, and has a better flotation separation effect on quartz and hematite.

[0122] Although the present invention has been illustrated and described with specific embodiments, it should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention; therefore, this means that all such substitutions and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention are included in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a modified dodecylamine collector, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Place dodecylamine in the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber and evacuate the chamber to a vacuum level of 80~100 Pa. S2. Air with a purity ≥99.99% is introduced into the glow discharge excitation reaction chamber at a flow rate of 60~600mL / min. S3. Start the glow discharge module and perform glow discharge plasma treatment on the dodecylamine for 300~600s. The power of the glow discharge plasma treatment is 1.3~1.8KW to obtain the modified dodecylamine collector.

2. A modified dodecylamine collector, characterized in that, The modified dodecylamine collector was prepared using the method described in claim 1.

3. A flotation separation method for quartz and hematite, characterized in that, The modified dodecylamine collector described in claim 2 is used for flotation separation of ore.

4. The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite according to claim 3, characterized in that, The particle size of the ore is ≤0.074mm.

5. The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite according to claim 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The ore is successively ground and prepared into a slurry to obtain a slurry; S2. Adjust the pH of the slurry; S3. Add the inhibitor and the modified dodecylamine collector solution sequentially to the slurry after pH adjustment, and perform aeration flotation to obtain quartz concentrate and tailings containing hematite.

6. The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite according to claim 5, characterized in that, Adjust the pH of the slurry to 8-10; And / or, pH adjusters include sulfuric acid and / or sodium hydroxide.

7. The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite according to claim 5, characterized in that, The inhibitor includes starch; And / or, based on ore, the amount of the inhibitor added is 500~3000g / t.

8. The flotation separation method for quartz and hematite according to claim 5, characterized in that, The concentration of the modified dodecylamine collector in the modified dodecylamine collector solution is 1wt%~5wt%; And / or, based on ore, the amount of the modified dodecylamine collector added is 100~1000 g / t.

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