A flaw detection device and method based on light agricultural transmission shaft production

Abstract

The application discloses a flaw detection device and method based on light-weight agricultural transmission shaft production and relates to the technical field of transmission shaft production.The application comprises a rack, a push plate type elevator is arranged on one side of the rack, a detection mechanism is arranged in the middle of the rack and is used for detecting the flaw of the transmission shaft, the detection mechanism comprises a conveying assembly, the conveying assembly comprises two supporting plates which are slidably arranged in the middle of the top end of the rack, and the driving motor is arranged on the supporting plate; the driving motor is used for driving the transmission shaft to be lifted from the rotating roller through the clamping groove when the moving frame is lifted, the transmission shaft is then horizontally conveyed to a working position and then is lowered and placed, the step-by-step one-by-one transfer of the transmission shaft is realized, when the rotating shaft rotates and conveys, the eccentric wheel at the end of the rotating shaft synchronously drives the outer shell body provided with the air knife to vertically reciprocate, the air knife moves to the lowest point when the transmission shaft is transferred to the cleaning working position and is placed, and therefore, the transmission shaft can be effectively cleaned at the best time while being continuously conveyed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drive shaft manufacturing technology, specifically to a flaw detection device and method based on the production of lightweight agricultural drive shafts. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of agricultural mechanization towards lightweight and high efficiency, agricultural drive shafts, as the core components of agricultural machinery power transmission, directly affect the reliability and safety of agricultural machinery operations due to their structural strength and surface quality. Since drive shafts are prone to defects such as surface cracks, oxide scale residue, and iron filings during the production process due to forging and processing, if these defects are not detected and removed in time, they may lead to malfunctions such as breakage and power transmission failure during operation.

[0003] Referring to the patent document: Patent Publication No. CN120651963A, Patent Publication Date 2025-09-16, an ultrasonic flaw detection device and method for detecting agricultural drive shafts is disclosed, belonging to the field of ultrasonic flaw detection technology. This ultrasonic flaw detection device and method for detecting agricultural drive shafts utilizes a lifting rod, control box, multiple ultrasonic flaw detection mechanisms, and an ultrasonic receiver. By increasing or decreasing the total number of ultrasonic flaw detection mechanisms, the inner diameter of the closed loop structure formed by these mechanisms can be changed, making it applicable to agricultural drive shafts of various diameters. It achieves the purpose of flaw detection on agricultural drive shafts of various diameters, with a wide range of applications. Through the cooperation of the insert, arc-shaped strip, and fiber brush, the outer wall of the drive shaft can be cleaned in time before using the ultrasonic transmitter to detect flaws, ensuring the cleanliness of the drive shaft surface before flaw detection and preventing adhering impurities from affecting the propagation and reception of ultrasonic signals, thus preventing the concealment or misleading of flaw detection results.

[0004] Based on the search of patent numbers and the shortcomings of existing technologies, the following was found: Currently, common inspection methods for such shaft components include manual spot checks using handheld ultrasonic or magnetic particle testing equipment, and the use of semi-automated inspection machines. Manual inspection suffers from low efficiency, high labor intensity, inconsistent inspection standards, and susceptibility to subjective factors leading to missed or incorrect detections. While existing semi-automatic inspection equipment improves inspection speed to some extent, many still rely on manual placement or simple conveyor belt pushing during the material loading process, making it difficult to achieve automatic, orderly, and sequential loading of stacked components, thus affecting the automation level of the production line. Furthermore, before inspection, the surface of the drive shaft often has residual cutting fluid adhering to it. Impurities such as metal filings, oil stains, and dust are typically cleaned by brushing (which can easily damage the surface and has limited cleaning effectiveness) or rinsing (which requires drying and is cumbersome). These impurities can interfere with the coupling and transmission of ultrasonic flaw detection signals, severely affecting detection accuracy and even masking minor defects. Furthermore, in the detection process, the scanning coverage of a single probe is limited. To complete the detection of the entire outer surface of the shaft, either the probe must move slowly along the spatial trajectory of the drive shaft, or the workpiece must undergo multiple rotations and axial displacements. This results in low detection efficiency and makes it difficult to achieve high-speed scanning while ensuring full coverage, thus failing to adapt to efficient and continuous production processes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of current flaw detection technologies for shaft parts, such as low automation, incomplete surface pretreatment affecting detection accuracy, and low probe scanning efficiency, this invention aims to provide a flaw detection device and method based on the production of lightweight agricultural drive shafts.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a flaw detection device based on the production of lightweight agricultural drive shafts, comprising a frame, a push-plate type elevator arranged on one side of the frame, and a detection mechanism arranged in the middle of the frame for flaw detection of the drive shaft, the detection mechanism comprising: The conveying assembly includes two support plates that are slidably disposed at the top center of the frame. Multiple drive shaft bodies to be tested are disposed on the upper part of the two support plates. Multiple sets of rotating rollers that cooperate with each other are rotatably mounted on the upper part of the two support plates. A conveying component for conveying the drive shaft bodies to be tested one by one is disposed in the middle of the two support plates. An outer shell is disposed at the top center of the frame. A cleaning component for cleaning the surface of the drive shaft bodies is disposed in the middle of the outer shell. Adjustment components, located at both ends of the frame, are used to adjust the spacing between the two support plates; The inspection component, located at one end of the upper part of the frame, is used to inspect the cleaned drive shaft body for defects.

[0007] Preferably, the conveying component includes a drive motor fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the frame, four symmetrically distributed rotating shafts rotatably installed in the middle of the frame, two rotating shafts on each side being connected by chain and sprocket transmission, and one of the rotating shafts being connected to the drive end of the drive motor by chain and sprocket transmission, eccentric plates being fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the four rotating shafts, a movable frame for mutual cooperation being provided in the middle of the two support plates, the other ends of the four eccentric plates being rotatably installed on the lower part of the movable frame, two sets of symmetrically distributed slots being opened on the upper part of the movable frame, a testing platform being fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the frame, four equally spaced placement plates being fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the testing platform, and guide plates being fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the testing platform.

[0008] Preferably, the cleaning component includes an outer shell disposed on the upper part of the frame. Two symmetrically distributed mounting seats are installed on the upper part of the outer shell. Multiple air knives are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two mounting seats. A worm gear is fixedly installed at one end of each air knife. A rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the upper part of one of the mounting seats. Multiple worms that mesh with the worm gears are fixedly installed in the middle of the rotating shaft. A servo motor is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the outer shell. One end of the rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor. Two symmetrically distributed collection plates are fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame. Two symmetrically distributed vacuum cleaners are fixedly installed on the lower part of the frame. The input ends of the two vacuum cleaners are fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the collection plates. Eccentric wheels are fixedly installed on opposite ends of the four rotating shafts. The other ends of the four eccentric wheels are in contact with the bottom end of the outer shell.

[0009] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes rotating plates rotatably mounted on the upper parts of both ends of the frame. Both ends of the two rotating plates are equipped with transmission rods via fisheye bearings. The other ends of the four transmission rods are all mounted on the lower part of the support plate via fisheye bearings. Two symmetrically distributed drive cylinders are fixedly mounted on the lower part of the frame. The drive ends of the two drive cylinders are fixedly mounted on one side of the lower part of the support plate.

[0010] Preferably, the detection component includes a support frame fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the frame, a movable stage slidably arranged on the upper part of the support frame, a lifting cylinder fixedly installed on one side of the top of the movable stage, a sliding plate fixedly installed on the driving end of the lifting cylinder, a plurality of equally spaced execution cylinders fixedly installed on one side of the sliding plate, a probe fixedly installed on the driving end of each of the plurality of execution cylinders, and a driving component provided on the upper part of the movable stage.

[0011] Preferably, four evenly distributed limiting frames are fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame, and the inner side of the outer shell is slidably locked in the middle of the limiting frame. Each of the four limiting frames is provided with a limiting spring in the middle. The top of each of the four limiting springs is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the outer shell, and the bottom of each of the four limiting springs is fixedly installed on the top of the frame.

[0012] Preferably, the upper part of the frame is fixedly installed with four symmetrically distributed slide rails, and the lower parts of the two support plates are slidably installed on the upper part of the slide rails.

[0013] Preferably, two symmetrically distributed sliding rods are fixedly installed on one side of the mobile platform, and one side of the sliding plate is slidably installed in the middle of the sliding rods.

[0014] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a toothed plate fixedly mounted on the upper part of the support frame, a stepper motor fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the moving stage, a drive gear fixedly mounted on the drive end of the stepper motor, a driven gear rotatably mounted on one side of the lower part of the moving stage and meshing with the drive gear, and a drive gear meshing with the toothed plate fixedly mounted on the middle of the bottom end of the driven gear.

[0015] A method for using a flaw detection device based on a lightweight agricultural drive shaft includes the following steps: S1: The drive shaft bodies to be tested are stacked horizontally in the middle of the push plate type elevator. The push plate type elevator continuously pushes and conveys them one by one until they fall into the side of the support plate. The drive shaft bodies to be tested are conveyed forward one by one by the conveying component so that they pass through the cleaning component. S2: During the conveying process, the adjustment component adjusts the relative distance between the two support plates so that after each transmission shaft body is conveyed forward one grid, it will be supported at different positions of the transmission shaft body, so that the cleaning component can clean the dust attached to the surface of the transmission shaft body through high-pressure airflow. S3: After cleaning, the device is transported by its conveying component to the lower part of the detection component for flaw detection.

[0016] Beneficial effects Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This application utilizes a drive motor to lift the drive shaft from the rotating roller when the moving frame rises. The shaft is then horizontally conveyed to one station before being lowered and placed, achieving a step-by-step transfer of the drive shaft. Simultaneously, as the shaft rotates and conveys, the eccentric wheel at its end synchronously drives the outer casing housing the air knife to perform a vertical reciprocating motion. This ensures that whenever the drive shaft is moved to the cleaning station and comes to a complete stop, the outer casing reaches its lowest point. At this moment, the distance between the air knife and the drive shaft surface is closest, resulting in the strongest blowing force and peak cleaning effect. This mechanical linkage between conveying and cleaning ensures that each drive shaft receives the most effective blowing and cleaning at the optimal time while maintaining efficient and continuous conveying, significantly improving the automation level and cleaning efficiency of the pre-treatment process.

[0017] 2. This application uses PLC to control the extension and retraction of the drive cylinder. Through a linkage mechanism consisting of a rotating plate and a transmission rod, the two side support plates are driven to move synchronously in opposite directions along the slide rail. During the transmission shaft conveying process, the distance is continuously and dynamically adjusted, so that the contact support point between the transmission shaft and the lower rotating roller changes each time the transmission shaft is lowered by the moving frame. This avoids the problem of incomplete cleaning of local areas (such as contact points) that may be caused by fixed support. The blown-off dust and debris then fall into the guide groove of the lower collection plate. Due to the stable negative pressure generated by the connected vacuum cleaner, the impurities are quickly sucked in and centrally processed, avoiding dust dispersion, improving the working environment, and ensuring the accuracy of subsequent flaw detection.

[0018] 3. In this application, during inspection, the drive shaft is driven by a rotating roller to rotate at a constant speed. Simultaneously, driven by a stepper motor, gears, and a toothed plate, the entire probe array moves horizontally at a constant speed along the drive shaft axis. This causes the inspection trajectory of each probe to form a spiral line relative to the drive shaft surface. Multiple probes are evenly distributed axially, and their respective spiral scanning trajectories are interconnected, covering the entire outer surface of the drive shaft. This allows the probe array to complete the scanning of the entire workpiece outer wall with only a single rapid axial sweep, enabling synchronous acquisition and complementary analysis of data from multiple probes, improving inspection speed, and meeting the production line rhythm. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the frame structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying component structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the collecting plate structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment component structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the outer shell of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the detection component after it has been disassembled in this invention.

[0029] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component structure in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 11. Push-plate type elevator; 12. Drive shaft body; 2. Detection mechanism; 21. Conveying assembly; 211. Drive motor; 212. Rotating shaft; 2121. Eccentric plate; 2122. Eccentric wheel; 213. Moving frame; 2131. Slot; 214. Support plate; 2141. Rotating roller; 215. Detection table; 2151. Placement plate; 2152. Guide plate; 216. Outer shell; 2161. Limiting frame; 2162. Limiting spring; 217. Vacuum cleaner; 2171. Collection plate; 218. Mounting base; 219 1. Air knife; 219. Servo motor; 2191. Worm gear; 2192. Rotating shaft; 2193. Worm; 22. Adjustment component; 221. Drive cylinder; 222. Rotating plate; 223. Transmission rod; 224. Slide rail; 23. Detection component; 231. Support frame; 232. Moving stage; 233. Lifting cylinder; 2331. Sliding rod; 234. Sliding plate; 235. Execution cylinder; 236. Probe; 237. Gear plate; 238. Stepper motor; 2381. Drive gear; 2382. Driven gear; 239. Drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Example: Figure 1-11 As shown, this invention provides a flaw detection device based on the production of lightweight agricultural drive shafts, including a frame 1. A pusher-type elevator 11 is provided on one side of the frame 1 for lifting stacked drive shaft bodies 12 one by one and feeding them into the detection line. A detection mechanism 2 is provided in the middle of the frame 1 for performing flaw detection on the drive shafts. The detection mechanism 2 includes: The conveying assembly 21 includes two support plates 214 slidably disposed at the center of the top of the frame 1. The two support plates 214 are parallel to each other and have multiple V-shaped support grooves on their upper parts to support multiple drive shaft bodies 12 to be tested. Multiple drive shaft bodies 12 to be tested are disposed on the upper part of the two support plates 214. Multiple sets of rotating rollers 2141 that cooperate with each other are rotatably mounted on the upper part of the two support plates 214. The rotating rollers 2141 are polyurethane coated rollers and are mounted on the lower part of the V-shaped support grooves of the support plates 214 via deep groove ball bearings. Each set of rotating rollers 2141 is provided with two The multiple sets of rotating rollers 2141 located on both sides are driven by synchronous belts and conventional motors to rotate synchronously in the same direction. This ensures that when the main body of the drive shaft 12 falls into the middle of the two rotating rollers 2141 in each set, it can drive the main body of the drive shaft 12 to rotate. This makes the cleaning more uniform and thorough when the cleaning component is used. The middle of the two support plates 214 is provided with a conveying component for conveying the main body of the drive shaft 12 to be inspected one by one. The top center of the frame 1 is provided with an outer shell 216. The middle of the outer shell 216 is provided with a cleaning component for cleaning the surface of the main body of the drive shaft 12. Adjustment components 22 are located at both ends of the frame 1 and are used to adjust the distance between the two support plates 214; The inspection component 23 is located at one end of the upper part of the frame 1 and is used to inspect the cleaned drive shaft body 12 for defects.

[0033] The conveying component includes a drive motor 211 fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the frame 1. The drive motor 211 is a three-phase asynchronous motor, connected to the drive sprocket via a coupling. Four symmetrically distributed rotating shafts 212 are rotatably mounted in the middle of the frame 1. Two rotating shafts 212 on each side are connected by chain and sprocket transmission, and one of the rotating shafts 212 is connected to the drive end of the drive motor 211 by chain and sprocket transmission. Eccentric plates 2121 are fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the four rotating shafts 212. A movable frame 213 for mutual cooperation is set in the middle of the two support plates 214. The other ends of the four eccentric plates 2121 are rotatably mounted on the lower part of the movable frame 213. Two sets of symmetrically distributed slots 2131 are opened on the upper part of the movable frame 213. The width of the slots 2131 is adapted to the transmission shaft body 12, which can be used for conveying. The transmission shaft body 12 is positioned. When the drive motor 211 drives the rotating shaft 212 to rotate, under the transmission of the chain and sprocket, the eccentric plate 2121 can drive the moving frame 213 to perform reciprocating linear and lifting movements, so as to realize the sequential conveying of the transmission shaft body 12. A test table 215 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the frame 1. Four equally spaced placement plates 2151 are fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the test table 215. Two of the placement plates 2151 are also equipped with a set of rotating rollers 2141 at one end, which are used to drive the transmission shaft body 12 to rotate during the test. Guide plates 2152 are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the test table 215. The guide plates 2152 are L-shaped plates made of stainless steel. The side near the conveying component has an outward V-shaped structure, so that the transmission shaft body 12 is centered and enters the test station under its guidance.

[0034] The cleaning component includes an outer casing 216 mounted on the upper part of the frame 1. Two symmetrically distributed mounting bases 218 are installed on the upper part of the outer casing 216. Multiple equally spaced air knives 2181 are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two mounting bases 218. Each air knife 2181 is a stainless steel strip-shaped air knife, and its air pipe is connected to an external air compressor. A worm gear 2191 is fixedly mounted at one end of each air knife 218. A rotating shaft 2192 is fixedly mounted on the upper part of one of the mounting bases 218. Multiple worm gears 2193, meshing with worm wheels 2191, are fixedly installed in the middle of 2192. A servo motor 219 is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the outer casing 216. One end of the rotating shaft 2192 is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor 219. This servo motor 219 is a Siemens servo motor connected to a PLC, which can achieve precise angle adjustment of the air knife 2181 to adapt to different diameter drive shaft bodies 12. Two symmetrically distributed collection plates 2171 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 1. Two symmetrically distributed vacuum cleaners 217 are fixedly installed at the lower part of the drive shaft body 12. The input ends of both vacuum cleaners 217 are fixedly installed in the middle of one side of the collection plate 2171. The air knife 2181 blows the dust off the outer surface of the drive shaft body 12 and it falls into the collection plate 2171. Under the suction of the vacuum cleaners 217, a negative pressure is generated in the cavity of the collection plate 2171, which removes the dust and debris. Eccentric wheels 2122 are fixedly installed at the opposite ends of the four rotating shafts 212. The other ends of the four eccentric wheels 2122 are all connected to the outer shell 21. The bottom ends of 6 are in contact with each other. When the rotating shaft 212 rotates, the eccentric wheel 2122 can drive the outer shell 216 to move up and down on the limiting frame 2161. When the moving frame 213 moves down and pushes its drive shaft body 12 forward by one step and then falls into the V-groove of the support plate 214, the outer shell 216 is at the lowest point under the action of its eccentric wheel 2122. At this time, when the air knife 2181 works, it is closer to the drive shaft body 12, so that it can blow away dust and impurities more effectively.

[0035] The adjustment assembly 22 includes rotating plates 222 rotatably mounted on the upper parts of both ends of the frame 1. Each end of the two rotating plates 222 is fitted with a transmission rod 223 via a fisheye bearing. The other ends of the four transmission rods 223 are mounted on the lower part of the support plate 214 via fisheye bearings. Two symmetrically distributed drive cylinders 221 are fixedly mounted on the lower part of the frame 1. The drive ends of the two drive cylinders 221 are fixedly mounted on one side of the lower part of the support plate 214. The control air circuit of the drive cylinders 221 is connected to a solenoid valve, and the control circuit of the solenoid valve is connected to a PLC. The PLC outputs pulse signals to control the operation. The extension and retraction of the drive cylinder 221 adjusts the distance between the two support plates 214. As the drive shaft body 12 gradually conveys the material, the two support plates 214 gradually open under the drive of the drive cylinder 221 and the transmission through the rotating plate 222 and the transmission rod 223. When they reach their maximum value, they gradually close. This ensures that the support points are different each time the drive shaft body 12 moves forward and falls to the top of the support plates 214. This makes the cleaning process more thorough and avoids prolonged contact of the rotating roller 2141 in certain areas, which could lead to poor cleaning results in certain areas.

[0036] The detection component 23 includes a support frame 231 fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the frame 1. A movable stage 232 is slidably arranged on the upper part of the support frame 231. A lifting cylinder 233 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the movable stage 232. A sliding plate 234 is fixedly installed on the drive end of the lifting cylinder 233. A plurality of equally spaced actuator cylinders 235 are fixedly installed on one side of the sliding plate 234. A probe 236 is fixedly installed on the drive end of each actuator cylinder 235. The probe 236 is an ultrasonic flaw detection probe. The signal output end of the probe 236 is connected to an ultrasonic flaw detector. The communication port of the flaw detector is connected to a PLC, which can realize the real-time detection data. For real-time transmission and storage, the upper part of the moving stage 232 is equipped with a drive assembly. When the transmission shaft body 12 enters the detection station, the two sets of rotating rollers 2141 drive the transmission shaft body 12 to rotate. At the same time, under the drive of the drive assembly, it drives the moving stage 232, lifting cylinder 233, execution cylinder 235, and probe 236 to move horizontally, so that multiple probes 236 gradually sweep across the upper part of the transmission shaft body 12. Because multiple probes 236 are provided and under the action of the rotation of the transmission shaft body 12, the data of multiple probes 236 complement each other, and the entire outer surface of the transmission shaft body 12 can be completely detected while moving quickly across.

[0037] Four evenly distributed limiting frames 2161 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 1. The inner side of the outer shell 216 is slidably locked in the middle of the limiting frame 2161. Each of the four limiting frames 2161 is provided with a limiting spring 2162 in the middle. The top of each of the four limiting springs 2162 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the outer shell 216, and the bottom of each of the four limiting springs 2162 is fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1. The limiting frames 2161 and the limiting springs 2162 provide guidance and support for the up and down movement of the outer shell 216.

[0038] Four symmetrically distributed slide rails 224 are fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame 1. The lower parts of the two support plates 214 are slidably installed on the upper part of the slide rails 224. The slide rails 224 are linear slide rails, which can ensure the straightness of the support plates 214 when they move and reduce shaking.

[0039] Two symmetrically distributed sliding rods 2331 are fixedly installed on one side of the moving platform 232. One side of the sliding plate 234 is slidably installed in the middle of the sliding rods 2331, which serves to guide and support the sliding plate 234.

[0040] The drive assembly includes a toothed plate 237 fixedly mounted on the upper part of the support frame 231, a stepper motor 238 fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the moving stage 232, a drive gear 2381 fixedly mounted on the drive end of the stepper motor 238, a driven gear 2382 rotatably mounted on the lower side of the moving stage 232 and meshing with the drive gear 2381, and a drive gear 239 meshing with the toothed plate 237 fixedly mounted on the middle of the bottom end of the driven gear 2382. The stepper motor 238 is a two-phase stepper motor, which drives the drive gear 2381 to rotate and drives the drive gear 239 to rotate through meshing with the driven gear 2382. With the cooperation of the toothed plate 237, the moving stage 232 slides along the upper part of the support frame 231.

[0041] A method for using a flaw detection device based on a lightweight agricultural drive shaft includes the following steps: S1: The drive shaft bodies 12 to be tested are horizontally stacked in the middle trough of the push plate type elevator 11, with a stacking height not exceeding 5 layers (to avoid excessive pressure causing deformation of the bottom drive shaft). The equipment is started by the PLC, the push plate type elevator 11 is started, and the push plate is driven to rise, pushing the drive shaft bodies 12 one by one to the side of the support plate 214. At the same time, the conveying part drive motor 211 is started, driving the rotating shaft 212 to rotate. Under the synchronous transmission of the chain and sprocket, the eccentric plate 2121 drives the moving frame 213 to rise. The slot 2131 locks the drive shaft body 12 and disengages from the rotating roller 2141. Then the moving frame 213 is horizontally conveyed forward one grid, and then descends to make the drive shaft fall onto the next set of rotating rollers 2141. At this time, the motor on the support plate 214 is started, driving the rotating roller 2141 to rotate synchronously, so that it can be cleaned from all directions when it rotates. Under the gradual conveying of the moving frame 213, the drive shaft bodies 12 are conveyed forward one by one into the cleaning part. S2: During the conveying process, the adjusting component 22 continuously adjusts the relative distance between the two support plates 214 by swinging the rotating plate 222 and pushing and pulling the transmission rod 223. This ensures that the support plates 214 are supported at different positions on the transmission shaft body 12 after each forward conveying of one unit. This also ensures that the rotating roller 2141 is supported at different positions on the transmission shaft body 12, avoiding prolonged contact in localized areas. Simultaneously, the PLC controls the servo motor 219 to start, which adjusts the angle of the air knife 2181 through the worm gear 2191 and worm 2193. The external air compressor starts, and high-pressure airflow passes through the air knife. Air knife 2181 is ejected, and in conjunction with the rotation of the drive shaft body 12, it blows away surface dust and iron filings. When the drive shaft 212 rotates, it drives the eccentric wheel 2122 to rotate synchronously. The outer shell 216 moves up and down under the action of the limit frame 2161 and the limit spring 2162. When the drive shaft body 12 is in position, the outer shell 216 is at its lowest point, and the air knife 2181 is closest to the drive shaft body 12, resulting in the best cleaning effect. The blown-off impurities fall into the guide groove of the collection plate 2171. The PLC linkage control starts the vacuum cleaner 217, which generates negative pressure to suck up the impurities, achieving dust-free cleaning. S3: After cleaning, under the continuous conveying of the conveying components, the main body 12 of the drive shaft is guided by the guide plate 2152 and falls onto the placement plate 2151 of the inspection table 215. The rotating roller 2141 on the inspection table 215 starts, driving the main body 12 of the drive shaft to rotate. The lifting cylinder 233 of the inspection component 23 controlled by the PLC starts, driving the sliding plate 234 to descend along the sliding rod 2331. The execution cylinder 235 pushes the probe 236 to contact the surface of the drive shaft. At the same time, the stepper motor 238 starts, driving the moving table 232 to move horizontally along the support frame 231 through gear transmission. The four probes 236 scan the surface of the drive shaft synchronously. The detection signal of the probe 236 is transmitted to the ultrasonic flaw detector in real time. After analyzing and processing the signal, the flaw detector transmits the detection result (qualified, unqualified, defect location, defect size) to the PLC. Qualified products continue to be conveyed to the discharge end, and unqualified products trigger the alarm light to light up. At the same time, the PLC records the defect information.

[0042] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0043] During operation, the pusher-type elevator 11 lifts the stacked drive shaft bodies 12 one by one to one side of the support plate 214. After the drive motor 211 starts, it drives the four rotating shafts 212 to rotate synchronously through chain and sprocket transmission. The eccentric plates 2121 on the rotating shafts 212 drive the moving frame 213 to perform synchronous reciprocating lifting and horizontal movement. When the moving frame 213 rises, the slot 2131 locks the drive shaft body 12 and disengages from the rotating roller 2141. After being horizontally conveyed forward one level, it descends, allowing the drive shaft body 12 to... The shaft falls into the V-shaped support groove of the support plate 214, and the rotating roller 2141 driven by the synchronous belt drives it to rotate. At the same time, the drive cylinder 221 of the adjustment component 22 continuously extends and retracts under the control of the PLC. Through the rotation plate 222 and the transmission rod 223, and with the guide of the slide rail 224, the distance between the two support plates 214 is adjusted so that the support point of the transmission shaft body 12 is different each time it is conveyed and placed, avoiding local contact that leads to incomplete cleaning, and realizing orderly and all-round pre-processing conveying of the transmission shaft body 12. After the drive shaft body 12 enters the housing 216, the PLC-controlled servo motor 219 starts, and through the meshing of the rotating shaft 2192, worm gear 2193 and worm wheel 2191, it precisely adjusts the angle of multiple stainless steel strip air knives 2181 to adapt to drive shaft bodies 12 of different diameters. An external air compressor delivers high-pressure airflow to the air knives 2181, which, together with the rotation of the drive shaft body 12, blows away surface dust and iron filings from all directions. At the same time, the rotation of the rotating shaft 212 drives the eccentric wheel 2. 122 rotates synchronously, and under the guidance and support of the limit frame 2161 and the limit spring 2162, the drive housing 216 moves up and down reciprocally. When the drive shaft body 12 is in position, the housing 216 is at its lowest point, the air knife 2181 is closest to the drive shaft body 12, and the cleaning effect is optimal. The blown-off impurities fall into the guide groove of the collection plate 2171. The PLC linkage control vacuum cleaner 217 starts, which generates negative pressure in the cavity of the collection plate 2171 to suck up the impurities and achieve dust-free cleaning. After cleaning, the drive shaft body 12, guided by the guide plate 2152 (outward V-shape structure) under the action of the conveying component, falls centered onto the placement plate 2151 of the inspection table 215. The rotating roller 2141 on the inspection table 215 drives the drive shaft body 12 to rotate continuously. The lifting cylinder 233 of the PLC-controlled inspection component 23 is activated, driving the sliding plate 234 to descend along the sliding rod 2331. The actuator cylinder 235 pushes the ultrasonic flaw detector 236 to contact the surface of the drive shaft body 12. At the same time, the stepper motor 238 is activated, and through the drive gear 2381 and the driven gear... Gear 2382 meshes with drive gear 239 to drive the moving table 232 to move horizontally along the toothed plate 237 of the support frame 231. Four probes 236 simultaneously scan and detect the surface of the rotating drive shaft body 12. The detection signal is transmitted to the ultrasonic flaw detector in real time. After analysis and processing, the qualified and unqualified results, defect location and size are fed back to the PLC. Qualified products continue to be transported to the discharge end by the robot arm. Unqualified products trigger the alarm light. At the same time, the PLC records the defect information, realizing comprehensive and accurate flaw detection of the outer surface of the drive shaft body 12.

[0044] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0045] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft manufacturing, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A push-plate type elevator (11) is provided on one side of the frame (1), and a detection mechanism (2) is provided in the middle of the frame (1) for flaw detection of the drive shaft. The detection mechanism (2) includes: The conveying assembly (21) includes two support plates (214) slidably disposed at the middle of the top of the frame (1). Multiple drive shaft bodies (12) to be tested are disposed on the upper part of the two support plates (214). Multiple sets of rotating rollers (2141) are rotatably mounted on the upper part of the two support plates (214). A conveying component for conveying the drive shaft bodies (12) to be tested one by one is disposed in the middle of the two support plates (214). A housing (216) is disposed at the middle of the top of the frame (1). A cleaning component for cleaning the surface of the drive shaft bodies (12) is disposed in the middle of the housing (216). Adjustment components (22) are located at both ends of the frame (1) and are used to adjust the distance between the two support plates (214); The inspection component (23) is set at one end of the upper part of the frame (1) and is used to inspect the cleaned drive shaft body (12).

2. The flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying component includes a drive motor (211) fixedly installed on one side of the lower part of the frame (1). Four symmetrically distributed rotating shafts (212) are rotatably installed in the middle of the frame (1). Two rotating shafts (212) on each side are connected by chain and sprocket transmission. One of the rotating shafts (212) is connected to the drive end of the drive motor (211) by chain and sprocket transmission. An eccentric plate (2121) is fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the four rotating shafts (212). An eccentric plate (2121) is set in the middle of the two support plates (214). There is a movable frame (213) that works together with each other. The other ends of the four eccentric plates (2121) are rotatably installed on the lower part of the movable frame (213). The upper part of the movable frame (213) is provided with two sets of symmetrically distributed slots (2131). A testing table (215) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the frame (1). Four equally spaced placement plates (2151) are fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the testing table (215). Guide plates (2152) are fixedly installed on both sides of the top of the testing table (215).

3. The flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning component includes an outer shell (216) disposed on the upper part of the frame (1). Two symmetrically distributed mounting seats (218) are mounted on the upper part of the outer shell (216). Multiple equally spaced air blades (2181) are rotatably mounted on opposite sides of the two mounting seats (218). A worm gear (2191) is fixedly mounted at one end of each air blade (2181). A rotating shaft (2192) is fixedly mounted on the upper part of one of the mounting seats (218). Multiple worms (2193) that mesh with the worm gear (2191) are fixedly mounted on the middle of the rotating shaft (2192). The outer shell (216)... A servo motor (219) is fixedly installed on one side of the upper part. One end of the rotating shaft (2192) is fixedly installed on the drive end of the servo motor (219). Two symmetrically distributed collection plates (2171) are fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame (1). Two symmetrically distributed vacuum cleaners (217) are fixedly installed on the lower part of the frame (1). The input ends of the two vacuum cleaners (217) are fixedly installed on the middle of one side of the collection plate (2171). Eccentric wheels (2122) are fixedly installed on the opposite ends of the four rotating shafts (212). The other ends of the four eccentric wheels (2122) are in contact with the bottom end of the outer shell (216).

4. The flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment assembly (22) includes rotating plates (222) rotatably mounted on the upper part of both ends of the frame (1). Both ends of the two rotating plates (222) are equipped with transmission rods (223) through fisheye bearings. The other ends of the four transmission rods (223) are all mounted on the lower part of the support plate (214) through fisheye bearings. Two symmetrically distributed drive cylinders (221) are fixedly mounted on the lower part of the frame (1). The drive ends of the two drive cylinders (221) are all fixedly mounted on one side of the lower part of the support plate (214).

5. The flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The detection component (23) includes a support frame (231) fixedly installed on one side of the upper part of the frame (1). A moving stage (232) is slidably arranged on the upper part of the support frame (231). A lifting cylinder (233) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the moving stage (232). A sliding plate (234) is fixedly installed on the driving end of the lifting cylinder (233). A plurality of equally spaced execution cylinders (235) are fixedly installed on one side of the sliding plate (234). A probe (236) is fixedly installed on the driving end of each of the plurality of execution cylinders (235). A driving component is provided on the upper part of the moving stage (232).

6. The flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Four evenly distributed limit frames (2161) are fixedly installed on the upper part of the frame (1). The inner side of the outer shell (216) is slidably locked in the middle of the limit frame (2161). Limit springs (2162) are provided in the middle of the four limit frames (2161). The top of the four limit springs (2162) is fixedly installed on the upper side of the outer shell (216), and the bottom of the four limit springs (2162) is fixedly installed on the top of the frame (1).

7. The flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper part of the frame (1) is fixedly installed with four symmetrically distributed slide rails (224), and the lower parts of the two support plates (214) are slidably installed on the upper part of the slide rails (224).

8. The flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Two symmetrically distributed sliding rods (2331) are fixedly installed on one side of the mobile platform (232), and one side of the sliding plate (234) is slidably installed in the middle of the sliding rods (2331).

9. A flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft production as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a toothed plate (237) fixedly mounted on the upper part of the support frame (231), a stepper motor (238) fixedly mounted on one side of the top of the moving stage (232), a drive gear (2381) fixedly mounted on the drive end of the stepper motor (238), a driven gear (2382) meshing with the drive gear (2381) rotatably mounted on one side of the lower part of the moving stage (232), and a drive gear (239) meshing with the toothed plate (237) fixedly mounted on the middle of the bottom end of the driven gear (2382).

10. A method of using a flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft manufacturing, comprising the flaw detection device based on lightweight agricultural drive shaft manufacturing as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The drive shaft body (12) to be tested is stacked horizontally in the middle of the push plate type elevator (11). The push plate type elevator (11) continuously pushes and conveys it one by one until it falls into the side of the support plate (214). The drive shaft body (12) to be tested is conveyed forward one by one by the conveying component so that it passes through the cleaning component. S2: During the conveying process, the adjustment component (22) adjusts the relative distance between the two support plates (214) so ​​that after each transmission shaft body (12) is conveyed forward one grid, it will be supported at different positions of the transmission shaft body (12), so that the cleaning component can clean the dust attached to the surface of the transmission shaft body (12) through high-pressure airflow. S3: After cleaning, the device is transported by its conveying component to the lower part of the detection component (23) for flaw detection.

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