A method for beidou / gnss structural deformation monitoring fusing baseline length and ratio value

Abstract

The application discloses a Beidou / GNSS structure deformation monitoring method fusing baseline length and ratio value, and relates to the technical field of structure deformation monitoring.The method comprises the following steps: performing relative positioning solution on a monitoring station by a plurality of reference stations respectively; extracting baseline length and ratio value of each baseline as a key index and obtaining a weight factor; fusing two types of weight factors by multiplication criterion to obtain comprehensive reliability of each reference station; normalizing the reliability into a standardized weight value; and finally fusing multi-reference station monitoring data by weighted average to output a high-precision and high-reliability structure deformation sequence.The method coordinates the contradictory relationship of multiple indexes in data fusion, realizes optimal weight distribution from two dimensions of geometric reliability and ambiguity fixing quality, and thus significantly improves the precision, robustness and resistance of the structure deformation monitoring result.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of structural deformation monitoring technology, and in particular to a BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio value. Background Technology

[0002] Continuous loads, material aging, and natural disasters can all cause structural deformation or even collapse. Therefore, long-term, high-precision monitoring of structural deformation is a core requirement for ensuring public safety. In recent years, non-contact monitoring methods, represented by GNSS technology, have become one of the mainstream technologies for monitoring the deformation of large-span structures due to their advantages such as directly acquiring the three-dimensional absolute displacement of the station and all-weather operation.

[0003] In engineering practice, BeiDou / GNSS monitoring technology often employs relative positioning (differential positioning) methods. The core of this method lies in the high-precision determination of the integer ambiguity of the carrier phase. However, factors such as satellite orbital errors, atmospheric delay, and multipath effects (particularly significant in bridge monitoring environments) can interfere with the estimation of floating-point ambiguities, causing them to deviate from integer values ​​and resulting in fixation failure. By setting the receiver located in a stable region as the base station and the receiver on the structure as the rover station, the difference between their signals can be calculated, effectively canceling common errors and thus obtaining a reliable ambiguity fixation solution. Among these, the ambiguity fixation ratio (Ratio value) is a key indicator for evaluating the accuracy and reliability of the fixation solution.

[0004] To further enhance the reliability and robustness of monitoring, multi-base station fusion technology is widely used. This technology utilizes multiple reference stations to synchronously calculate the same monitoring station, increasing redundant observations. By fusing the calculation results from each base station, the resulting deformation result integrates information from multiple stations. This avoids being constrained by anomalies in a single base station and enables mutual verification between multiple stations.

[0005] Existing technologies have explored numerous approaches to improve the accuracy and reliability of GNSS bridge monitoring. For example, Chinese invention patent CN116299598A (publication date: June 23, 2023) discloses a bridge deformation monitoring method based on PPP-RTK and multipath correction. This method utilizes Precise Point Positioning (PPP-RTK) combined with the repetitive periodicity of satellite orbits to establish a spatial domain multipath error model, correcting the original observations of the monitoring station. This method focuses on modeling and eliminating specific systematic errors (multipath) at the observation level to improve the solution accuracy of a single baseline. Another example is Chinese invention patent CN119984027A (publication date: May 13, 2025), which discloses a deformation monitoring and correction method and device based on the Global Navigation Satellite System. After fixing the ambiguity, nonparametric components representing systematic errors such as multipath are introduced to construct a compensated least squares model for estimation and separation. This method represents the latest approach to handling complex systematic errors at the solution model level, aiming to obtain cleaner positioning results.

[0006] However, while the aforementioned existing technologies can handle multipath errors at the observation or model level, they all fail to coordinate and quantify the inherent geometric strength factor of "baseline length" with the "Ratio value," a key indicator reflecting the quality of real-time solutions. When considering multiple indicators simultaneously, contradictions may arise between them, and existing technologies lack a systematic adaptive framework to balance these indicators.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a BeiDou / GNSS multi-base station fusion method that integrates baseline length and ratio value, which can integrate the inherent factors of the reference station and the dynamic influence of the environment in structural deformation monitoring, and improve the reliability of the solution results. Summary of the Invention

[0008] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio values, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Deploy monitoring stations and multiple reference stations, and use BeiDou / GNSS to acquire structural deformation monitoring data; Step S2: Perform relative positioning calculations for each reference station individually using the BeiDou / GNSS monitoring data from the structural dynamic deformation monitoring station; Step S3: Extract key indicators and obtain the weighting factors for each indicator; Step S4: Use the multiplication criterion to fuse the weighting factors of each indicator to obtain the comprehensive credibility of each benchmark station; Step S5: Normalize the overall credibility of the base station and convert the credibility of each station into standardized weights; Step S6: Weighted average fusion of monitoring data from multiple base stations to output a high-precision structural deformation sequence.

[0009] Furthermore, the results of the relative positioning calculation in step S2 include displacement sequence and ratio value, wherein the ratio value is a characterization value of the accuracy of the relative positioning calculation under the influence of environmental factors such as multipath.

[0010] Furthermore, the key indicators in step S3 can be flexibly introduced or replaced with other key weight decision factors, such as the influence of multipath error, the intensity of satellite spatial geometric distribution, and the long-term stability of the reference station, based on actual engineering needs, environmental characteristics, and data conditions.

[0011] Furthermore, the key indicators in step S3 are the baseline length and the ratio value.

[0012] Furthermore, the baseline length and weight function are monotonically decreasing functions. When the baseline length is less than 2km, the impact of the baseline length change on the solution accuracy is negligible.

[0013] Furthermore, when the baseline length is greater than or equal to 2 km, the weighting factor is determined using an exponential decay function, calculated as follows: In the formula, w L Indicates the baseline length weighting factor. L Baseline length; k It is a decay constant. k The larger the value, the faster the weights of the long baseline decrease; empirically, this is... k =0.1.

[0014] Furthermore, the ratio value and the weight function are monotonically increasing functions. The ratio value is affected by multipath effects, ionospheric errors, and tropospheric errors. The ratio value is positively correlated with the weight of the reference station.

[0015] Furthermore, the weighting factor of the ratio value is determined by a linear function of a set threshold, and the calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, w R Represents the ratio weight factor. R This represents the ratio value; R min This is the minimum threshold for the ratio; if it is lower than this value, the solution is considered unreliable. In the experiment, the empirical value is 3. R max This is the ratio saturation threshold. Values ​​higher than this are considered to indicate that the solution is very reliable. In experiments, the empirical value is 30.

[0016] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the overall reliability of each base station in step S4 is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the base stationi Overall credibility Indicates the base station i The baseline length weighting factor, Indicates the base station i The ratio weighting factor.

[0017] Furthermore, step S5 normalizes the overall reliability of the base station to ensure that the sum of the two weights is 1. For the solution result of base station 1, the formula for obtaining the normalized weights is as follows: For the solution results of base station 2, the formula for normalizing the weights is as follows: In the formula, C 1 indicates the overall reliability of base station 1. C 2 indicates the overall reliability of base station 2. W 1 represents the weight of base station 1. W 2 represents the weight of base station 2.

[0018] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the weighted average in step S6 is as follows: In the formula, For different base station weights, It is the baseline vector, and n is the number of base stations. These are the coordinates after merging multiple base stations.

[0019] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages and effects of this application are as follows: 1. Currently, in terms of solution-level fusion, the main method used is to use a baseline length-weighted method for fusion. However, the results of single fusion are not comprehensive enough. Moreover, when using multi-index fusion, the fusion results of various factors may be contradictory. This application coordinates the contradictory relationship between multiple indicators in data fusion and achieves optimal weight allocation from two dimensions: geometric reliability and ambiguity fixation quality. This significantly improves the accuracy, robustness and survivability of structural deformation monitoring results.

[0020] 2. This application exhibits excellent scalability, enabling the flexible introduction of various fusion indicators based on actual engineering needs, such as observation quality parameters like multipath error, satellite spatial geometric distribution intensity, and long-term stability of the reference station. This scalable structure significantly enhances the method's adaptability and robustness to different engineering scenarios, allowing for the acquisition of high-precision and high-reliability fusion results in complex positioning scenarios such as structural deformation monitoring through different indicator combinations.

[0021] 3. This application strengthens the constraint relationship between indicators by using the multiplication criterion to integrate two types of weighting factors, ensuring that the deterioration of any indicator will significantly reduce the credibility of the site.

[0022] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the preferred embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] The above and other objects, advantages and features of this application will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In all drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. The elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0025] in: Figure 1 A flowchart of a BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio values; Figure 2 This is the location of the implementation experimental monitoring station provided by the present invention patent; Figure 3 This is a layout diagram of the implementation test monitoring station and reference station provided by the present invention patent; Figure 4 The present invention provides an experimental monitoring station and a reference station, wherein (a) is the location of reference station JZ01; (b) is the location of reference station JZ02; (c) is the location of reference station JZ03; and (d) is the location of monitoring station DS01. Figure 5 The results are the individual calculation results of each reference station in the implementation experiment provided by this invention patent, wherein (a) is the vertical dynamic deformation calculated by reference station JZ01 relative to monitoring station DS01; (b) is the vertical dynamic deformation calculated by reference station JZ02 relative to monitoring station DS01; and (c) is the vertical dynamic deformation calculated by reference station JZ03 relative to monitoring station DS01. Figure 6 This invention patent provides the experimental fusion result of multi-base station data fusion of BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring weight factors that integrate baseline length and ratio values; Figure 7This invention patent provides the traditional baseline length weighted average method for BeiDou / GNSS fusion results; Figure 8 The standard deviation of the fusion results of the individual calculation results of each reference station, the fusion baseline length and the ratio value weight factor multi-base station data fusion results, and the fusion results of the traditional baseline length weighted average method are provided in the implementation experiment of this invention patent. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. In the following description, specific details such as specific configurations and components are provided merely to help fully understand the embodiments of this application. Therefore, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of this application. In addition, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of known functions and structures are omitted in the embodiments.

[0027] It should be understood that the phrase "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" throughout the specification means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of this application. Therefore, "an embodiment" or "this embodiment" appearing throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0028] Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples within this application. Such repetition is for the purpose of simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed.

[0029] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" describes another type of relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the related objects before and after it have an "or" relationship.

[0030] In this article, the term "at least one" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, "at least one of A and B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone.

[0031] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0032] Example 1 This embodiment introduces a BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio values. Please refer to the appendix. Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio values.

[0033] Assuming at each epoch t, ​​reference station 1 has a baseline length L1 and a ratio value R1; reference station 2 has a baseline length L2 and a ratio value R2. The method involves using the baseline length and ratio value to perform multi-index weighting factor fusion of BeiDou / GNSS multi-base station data to obtain structural dynamic deformation monitoring data, including the following steps: Step S1: Deploy monitoring stations and multiple reference stations, and use BeiDou / GNSS to acquire structural deformation monitoring data; Step S2: Perform relative positioning calculations for each reference station individually using the BeiDou / GNSS monitoring data from the structural dynamic deformation monitoring station; Step S3: Extract key indicators and obtain the weighting factors for each indicator; Step S4: Use the multiplication criterion to fuse the weighting factors of each indicator to obtain the comprehensive credibility of each benchmark station; Step S5: Normalize the overall credibility of the base station and convert the credibility of each station into standardized weights; Step S6: Weighted average fusion of monitoring data from multiple base stations to output a high-precision structural deformation sequence.

[0034] Furthermore, the results of the relative positioning calculation in step S2 include displacement sequence and ratio value, wherein the ratio value is a characterization value of the accuracy of the relative positioning calculation under the influence of environmental factors such as multipath.

[0035] Furthermore, the key indicators in step S3 can be flexibly introduced or replaced with other key weight decision factors, such as the influence of multipath error, the intensity of satellite spatial geometric distribution, and the long-term stability of the reference station, based on actual engineering needs, environmental characteristics, and data conditions.

[0036] Furthermore, the key indicators in step S3 are the baseline length and the ratio value.

[0037] Furthermore, the baseline length and weight function are monotonically decreasing functions. When the baseline length is less than 2km, the impact of the baseline length change on the solution accuracy is negligible.

[0038] Furthermore, when the baseline length is greater than or equal to 2 km, the weighting factor is determined using an exponential decay function, calculated as follows: In the formula, Indicates the baseline length weighting factor. L Baseline length; k It is a decay constant. k The larger the value, the faster the weights of the long baseline decrease; empirically, this is... k =0.1.

[0039] Furthermore, the ratio value and the weight function are monotonically increasing functions. The ratio value is affected by multipath effects, ionospheric errors, and tropospheric errors. The ratio value is positively correlated with the weight of the reference station.

[0040] The technical effect achieved in this embodiment is as follows: By establishing a quantized weight function for baseline length and ratio value and applying a multiplication criterion for fusion, an adaptive and quantifiable multi-base station weight decision model is constructed. This method improves the accuracy and reliability of multi-base station data fusion; at the same time, this method can be flexibly extended according to different engineering scenarios, enhancing the practicality and robustness of the technology, and ultimately outputting a more stable and reliable high-precision structural deformation monitoring sequence.

[0041] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example further introduces a specific calculation formula in a BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio value.

[0042] Furthermore, the weighting factor of the ratio value is determined by a linear function of a set threshold, and the calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, w R Represents the ratio weight factor. R This represents the ratio value; R min This is the minimum threshold for the ratio; if it is lower than this value, the solution is considered unreliable. In the experiment, the empirical value is 3. R max This is the ratio saturation threshold. Values ​​higher than this are considered to indicate that the solution is very reliable. In experiments, the empirical value is 30.

[0043] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the overall reliability of each base station in step S4 is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the base station i Overall credibility Indicates the base station i The baseline length weighting factor, Indicates the base station i The ratio weighting factor.

[0044] Furthermore, step S5 normalizes the overall reliability of the base station to ensure that the sum of the two weights is 1. For the solution result of base station 1, the formula for obtaining the normalized weights is as follows: For the solution results of base station 2, the formula for normalizing the weights is as follows: In the formula, C 1 indicates the overall reliability of base station 1. C 2 indicates the overall reliability of base station 2. W 1 represents the weight of base station 1. W 2 represents the weight of base station 2.

[0045] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the weighted average in step S6 is as follows: In the formula, W ij For different base station weights, Y i It is the baseline vector, and n is the number of base stations. Z j These are the coordinates after merging multiple base stations.

[0046] Example 3 Based on Examples 1-2, this example demonstrates the effectiveness of a BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio values ​​through the following experiments. Please refer to the appendix. Figure 2-8 .

[0047] A BeiDou / GNSS monitoring experiment was conducted on a large-span cable-stayed bridge in Chongqing that serves both road and rail purposes across the river, under light rail excitation. The deployment of the experimental monitoring station is shown in [details omitted]. Figure 2 .

[0048] The main span of the bridge was 445m. Monitoring station DS01 was deployed at the mid-span of the bridge deck to monitor the dynamic deformation of the bridge deck during the passage of the light rail. Three reference stations, JZ01, JZ02, and JZ03, were deployed on both banks of the bridge. The locations of the reference stations and monitoring stations are detailed below. Figure 3 Among them, reference station JZ01 is located on the downstream side of the west bank of the bridge, JZ02 is located on the upstream side of the east bank of the bridge, and JZ03 is located on the upstream side of the west bank of the bridge. The locations of the reference stations are stable and open.

[0049] Please refer to the following for the implementation of experimental monitoring stations and reference stations: Figure 4 .

[0050] The cutoff elevation angle of the BeiDou / GNSS receiver is set to 15°, and the sampling frequency is 10Hz.

[0051] The mid-span dynamic deformation was calculated individually using each reference station. The vertical dynamic deformation calculated by each base station is shown in the figure. Figure 5 The ratio is a fixed ambiguity ratio value, which is a key indicator of the accuracy of dynamic relative positioning solution. A ratio of 0 indicates that there is no fixed solution for this epoch. When the ratio is greater than or equal to 3.0, the solution result is a fixed ambiguity solution. The larger the ratio value, the more reliable the solution result. In the experiment, solution values ​​with a ratio < 3.0 have been eliminated.

[0052] During the independent calculation process at each reference station, due to differences in their spatial environment and baseline length, the calculation accuracy indicators corresponding to various influencing factors also exhibit different characteristics. Among them, the ratio value directly reflects the degree of influence of environmental factors such as multipath and ionosphere on relative positioning accuracy, so it is selected as the characterization index of environmental sensitivity; at the same time, the baseline length is used as a core indicator reflecting the inherent geometric characteristics of the reference station and participates in the weight decision.

[0053] To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, Table 1 provides an example of weight calculation for each base station at a specific epoch. The corresponding multi-station data fusion results are shown in [reference needed]. Figure 6 .

[0054] Table 1 Examples of weight calculation at specific epochs As can be seen from this weight calculation example, the weight factors obtained using the exponential decay function for baseline lengths of 0.29km and 0.38km are very close. This is because the rate of change of weight is controlled by the decay constant k. The larger the value of k, the faster the weight of the long baseline decreases. This characteristic of the exponential decay function is consistent with the influence of the actual baseline length on the solution accuracy. Related studies have shown that when the baseline length is within a certain range (1km), the change in baseline length has a very small impact on the solution accuracy. Therefore, in this experiment, the fusion weight is mainly affected by the ratio value.

[0055] To systematically evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed multi-base station data fusion method for BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring weight factors that integrates baseline length and ratio values, a comparative experiment was conducted with the widely used baseline length weighted averaging method. The fusion results of the two methods are as follows: Figure 7 As shown in the figure, standard deviation was used as the evaluation index to quantitatively analyze the accuracy and consistency of the data before and after fusion. Figure 8 The standard deviations of the individual solution results for each reference station, the fusion results of the method presented in this paper, and the fusion results of the traditional baseline length weighted average method are compared.

[0056] Experimental results show that the proposed method for fusing BeiDou / GNSS multi-base station data with baseline length and ratio values ​​can fully utilize two core indicators—geometric structure and ambiguity fixed quality—to significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of bridge dynamic deformation monitoring. Compared with the traditional baseline length weighted average method, this method not only more comprehensively considers the main factors affecting the solution accuracy but also shows significant advantages in terms of lower standard deviation and better data consistency of the fusion results, verifying the superior comprehensive performance of this method in multi-base station fusion.

[0057] The proposed weighted factor-based BeiDou / GNSS multi-base station data fusion method exhibits good scalability, enabling the flexible introduction of various fusion indicators based on actual engineering needs. By mapping any selected indicator to a corresponding weighted factor, the fusion result can be effectively characterized and incorporate the credibility information reflected by that indicator.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any equivalent substitutions, structural improvements, adjustments to the functional implementation methods, as well as reasonable adjustments to parameters, module integrations, or step sequences based on the concept of the present invention, made within the spirit and principles set forth in the present invention, should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method that integrates baseline length and ratio values, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1: Deploy monitoring stations and multiple reference stations, and use BeiDou / GNSS to acquire structural deformation monitoring data; Step S2: Perform relative positioning calculations for each reference station using the BeiDou / GNSS monitoring data from the structural dynamic deformation monitoring station; Step S3: Extract the baseline length and ratio value of key indicators and calculate the weighting factor of each indicator; Step S4: Multiply the baseline length weight factor and the ratio value weight factor to obtain the overall reliability of each reference station; Step S5: Normalize the overall credibility of the base station to ensure that the sum of the two weights is 1, and obtain the final weights used for weight averaging. Step S6: fused the monitoring data from multiple base stations by weighted averaging to output a high-precision structural deformation sequence.

2. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The results of the relative positioning calculation in step S2 include displacement sequence and ratio value, where the ratio value is a characterization value of the accuracy of the relative positioning calculation under the influence of environmental factors such as multipath.

3. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The baseline length and weight function are monotonically decreasing functions. When the baseline length is less than 2km, the impact of the change in baseline length on the solution accuracy is negligible.

4. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the baseline length is greater than or equal to 2 km, the weighting factor is determined using an exponential decay function, calculated as follows: In the formula, w L Indicates the baseline length weighting factor. L Baseline length; k It is a decay constant.

5. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio value and the weight function are monotonically increasing functions, and the ratio value is positively correlated with the base station weight.

6. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The weighting factor of the ratio value is determined by a linear function of a set threshold, and the calculation formula is as follows: In the formula, w R Represents the ratio weight factor. R This represents the ratio value; R min The minimum threshold for ratio; R max This is the saturation threshold for the ratio.

7. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the overall reliability of each base station in step S4 is as follows: In the formula, Indicates the base station i Overall credibility Indicates the base station i The baseline length weighting factor, Indicates the base station i The ratio weighting factor.

8. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of base stations is greater than or equal to 2, and the number of monitoring stations is 1.

9. The BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 8, characterized in that, Step S5 normalizes the overall reliability of the base station, and the formula for obtaining the weights after normalization is as follows: For the solution results of base station 2, the formula for normalizing the weights is as follows: In the formula, C 1 indicates the overall reliability of base station 1. C 2 indicates the overall reliability of base station 2. W 1 represents the weight of base station 1. W 2 represents the weight of base station 2.

10. A BeiDou / GNSS structural deformation monitoring method according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the weighted average in step S6 is as follows: In the formula, For different base station weights, This is the baseline vector, where n is the number of base stations. These are the coordinates after merging multiple base stations.

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