Carbon emission accounting method and application thereof in calculation of carbon emission of fabricated building

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of carbon emission accounting method and its application in prefabricated building carbon emission calculation, comprising: calculating the carbon emission C JC Generated in building material production and transportation stage, including the carbon emission C SC Generated in building material production stage and the carbon emission C YS Generated in building material transportation stage;Calculate the carbon emission C ZPJ Generated in assembly part processing and transportation stage, including the carbon emission C NH Generated in the processing of building material used in factory by assembly part and the carbon emission C ZYS Generated in the transportation of assembly part to construction site;Calculate the carbon emission C JZ Generated in building construction stage, including the carbon emission generated in completing each sub-item project construction and the carbon emission generated in the implementation process of each measure item;Calculate the carbon emission C YW Generated in building operation and maintenance stage;Calculate the carbon emission C CC Generated in building demolition stage;Calculate the carbon emission generated in unit area in the entire service period of prefabricated building.The present application provides a more accurate calculation method for prefabricated building carbon emission accounting, and the calculation method is simple and easy to understand, which lays a solid theoretical foundation for the control of carbon emission afterwards.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The original application was entitled "A Method for Calculating Carbon Emissions of Prefabricated Buildings," with application number 202411910417.1 and application date of December 24, 2024. Technical Field

[0002] This invention relates to the field of prefabricated buildings, and more specifically to a method for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings. Background Technology

[0003] There is an urgent need to improve the carbon emission calculation standards in China. Considering the development of prefabricated buildings in China in recent years, there is still no calculation method that can accurately calculate the carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to address the current situation, resolve the coexistence of restrictions on prefabricated buildings and carbon emissions, and further promote the improvement of prefabricated building standards systems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the main objective of this invention is to provide a method for calculating carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings, so as to solve the problems existing in the prior art, that is, to promote the improvement of prefabricated buildings and standards system by simply and effectively calculating the carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings includes:

[0008] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials. JC This includes carbon emissions (C) generated during the building materials production stage. SC And carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of building materials YS ;

[0009] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly, processing, and transportation stages. ZPJ This includes carbon emissions C generated from the processing of building materials used in assembly parts in factories. NH And carbon emissions C from transporting components to the construction site ZYS ;

[0010] Calculate carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase JZ This includes carbon emissions generated from the completion of each sub-project and carbon emissions generated during the implementation of various measures and projects;

[0011] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance phase. YW This includes carbon emissions (C) generated from the energy required during the operation of building equipment. YX Carbon emissions from energy required during the building equipment maintenance phase (C)WH ;

[0012] Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase. CC Carbon emissions from the various energy consumption and power generated by the mechanical equipment used in manual and mechanical demolition;

[0013] The carbon emissions per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building were calculated throughout its entire service life.

[0014] Preferably, the carbon emissions C generated during the building material production and transportation stages are... JC Calculate using the following formula:

[0015] C JC =C SC +C YS In equation (1-1):

[0016] C SC —Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated during the building materials production stage;

[0017] C YS —Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated during the transportation of building materials;

[0018] The carbon emissions (CSC) generated during the building materials production stage are calculated using the following formula:

[0019]

[0020] In the formula:

[0021] M i —The consumption of the i-th main building material;

[0022] F i —The carbon emission factor (kgCO2 / unit quantity of building material) of the i-th main building material; wherein, the carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of the building material YS Calculate using the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula:

[0025] M i —The consumption of the i-th main building material;

[0026] D i —Average transportation distance (km) for the i-th main building material;

[0027] T i — Carbon emission factor per unit weight of transport distance (kgCO2 / (t·km)) under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material.

[0028] Preferably, the carbon emission factor Fi of the i-th main building material is calculated using the following formula:

[0029] F i =F ycl +F ny +F ys +F zj In equation (1-4):

[0030] F ycl —The production of building materials involves the mining of raw materials and carbon emissions during the production process;

[0031] F ny —The production of building materials involves energy extraction and carbon emissions during the production process;

[0032] F ys —The production of building materials involves carbon emissions from the transportation of raw materials and energy;

[0033] F zj —Direct carbon emissions from the production process of building materials.

[0034] Preferably, the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly processing and transportation stages are... ZPJ Calculate using the following formula:

[0035] C ZPJ =C NH +C ZYS In equation (2-1):

[0036] C NH — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from energy consumption during the assembly and processing of parts;

[0037] C ZYS —Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated during the transportation of assembled parts;

[0038] Among them, the carbon emissions C generated by the energy consumed in the assembly process are... NH Calculate using the following formula:

[0039]

[0040] In the formula:

[0041] P i —The consumption of the i-th type of energy;

[0042] F i —The carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / unit of building material); wherein, the carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of the assembled components ZYS Calculate using the following formula:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula:

[0045] M i —The consumption of the i-th main building material;

[0046] D i —Average transportation distance (km) for the i-th main building material;

[0047] T i — Carbon emission factor per unit weight of transport distance (kgCO2 / (t·km)) under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material.

[0048] Preferably, the carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase are... JZ Calculate using the following formula:

[0049]

[0050] In the formula:

[0051] C JZ — Carbon emissions generated during the building construction phase (kgCO2);

[0052] E jz,i —The amount of the i-th type of energy used during the building construction phase (kWh or kg);

[0053] EF i —The carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / kWh or kgCO2 / kg);

[0054] Wherein, the energy consumption Ejz,i of the i-th type during the building construction phase is calculated by the following formula:

[0055] E jz,i =E fx,i +E cs,i (3-2)

[0056] In the formula:

[0057] E fx,i —The i-th type of energy consumption (kWh or kg) for the sub-item project;

[0058] E cs,i —The amount of energy used for the i-th type of measure (kWh or kg).

[0059] Preferably, the energy consumption of the i-th type of sub-item project is calculated using the following formula:

[0060]

[0061] In the formula:

[0062] Qfx,i —The quantity of work for the i-th item in the sub-item project;

[0063] f fx,i —Energy consumption coefficient (kWh / unit of measurement) of the i-th item in the sub-item project;

[0064] T i,j —The quantity of work done in the i-th project and the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery (per shift);

[0065] R j — Energy consumption per shift (kWh / shift) of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th project;

[0066] E jj,i —In the i-th project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the energy consumption of materials (kWh), but not in its machine shift consumption;

[0067] i — Project number in the sub-item project;

[0068] j——Construction machinery serial number.

[0069] And / or, the energy consumption of the i-th type of measure item is calculated according to the following formula:

[0070]

[0071] In the formula:

[0072] Q cs,i —The workload of the i-th item in the measures project;

[0073] f cs,i —Energy consumption coefficient (kWh / unit of measurement) of the i-th item in the measures project;

[0074] T A-i,j —The unit quantity of the i-th measure project and the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery (shifts);

[0075] R j — Energy consumption per unit shift (kWh / shift) of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th measure project;

[0076] i—Item number of the measure / project;

[0077] j——Construction machinery serial number.

[0078] Preferably, the carbon emissions (CYW) generated during the building operation and maintenance phase are calculated using the following formula:

[0079] C YW =C YX +C WH (4-1)

[0080] C YX =C D +G HS +C S -C KZS (4-2)

[0081] C WH =C JCSY -C TH In equation (4-3):

[0082] C YX —The carbon emissions generated by the energy required during the operation of building equipment;

[0083] C WH —The carbon emissions generated by the energy required during the maintenance phase of building equipment;

[0084] C D — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from the use of electricity during the operation of building equipment;

[0085] C HS — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) from fossil fuel use during the operation of building equipment;

[0086] C S — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from water energy use during the operation of building equipment;

[0087] C KZS — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated by renewable energy during the operation of building equipment;

[0088] C JCSY —Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from the use of building materials during building maintenance and renovation;

[0089] C TH —Total carbon sequestration (kgCO2) over 40 years of fulfilling the responsibilities within the planning scope.

[0090] Preferably, the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase are... CC Calculate using the following formula:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula:

[0093] C CC — Carbon emissions generated during the building demolition phase (kgCO2 / m³) 2 );

[0094] E cc,i —The amount of energy used during the building demolition phase (kWh or kg);

[0095] EF i —The carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / kWh).

[0096] Preferably, the total energy consumption E during the building demolition phase is... cc Calculate using the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula:

[0099] Q cc,i —The workload of the i-th demolition project;

[0100] f cc,i —Energy consumption coefficient per unit of measurement for the i-th demolition project (kWh / unit of measurement or kg / unit of measurement);

[0101] T B-i,j —The unit quantity of the i-th demolition project and the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery per shift;

[0102] R j —Energy consumption per shift of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th demolition project;

[0103] i—Demolition project number;

[0104] j—Construction machinery serial number;

[0105] E jj,i —In the i-th demolition project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the energy consumption of materials, but not in the machinery shift consumption.

[0106] Preferably, the carbon emissions C per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building throughout its entire service life are [not specified]. FY Calculate using the following formula:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula:

[0109] C FY — Carbon emissions per unit area during the building's service life (kgCO2 / m²) 2 A – Building area (m²) 2 ).

[0110] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows: This invention proposes a carbon emission calculation method for prefabricated buildings, which calculates the carbon emissions of a prefabricated building from scratch (zero) to completion (construction) to demolition, i.e., the entire construction and service life. Specifically, (1) the calculation method provided by this invention is simple and easy to understand, providing a more accurate calculation method for carbon emission accounting of prefabricated buildings, accurately and conveniently calculating the carbon emissions of prefabricated buildings throughout their entire life cycle, and improving the carbon emission calculation model in the construction field; (2) by accurately and reasonably calculating carbon emissions, the development of prefabricated buildings can be promoted, laying a solid theoretical foundation for the control of carbon emissions in the future.

[0111] It should be understood that the implementation of any embodiment of the present invention does not mean that it will simultaneously possess or achieve multiple or all of the above-mentioned beneficial effects. Attached Figure Description

[0112] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0113] The structures, proportions, sizes, etc. illustrated in this specification are only for the purpose of assisting those skilled in the art in understanding and reading the content disclosed herein, and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in the proportions, or adjustments to the size, without affecting the effects and objectives that the present invention can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in the present invention.

[0114] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0115] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0116] It should be understood that the terms "comprising / including," "consisting of," or any other variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but may also include, where necessary, other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a product, apparatus, process, or method. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising / including," "consisting of," does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the product, apparatus, process, or method that includes said element.

[0117] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0118] Prefabricated buildings primarily involve manufacturing building components in factories or other production sites, then transporting these components to the construction site for assembly and installation. Carbon emissions are generated at every stage throughout the construction and service life. This invention proposes a method for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings, covering the entire process from construction to demolition—from nothing to something—to complete construction and ultimately to demolition. This provides a more accurate method for carbon emission accounting in prefabricated buildings, enabling precise carbon emission accounting throughout the prefabricated building process. The method does not consider the recycling stage after demolition of building materials.

[0119] The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to preferred embodiments.

[0120] See Figure 1 The flowchart shown illustrates a method 100 for calculating carbon emissions from prefabricated buildings, which includes: S10, calculating the carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials. JC This includes carbon emissions (C) generated during the building materials production stage. SC And carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of building materials YS S20, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly and transportation stages. ZPJ This includes carbon emissions C generated from the processing of building materials used in assembly parts in factories. NH And carbon emissions C from transporting components to the construction site ZYS S30, calculates carbon emissions (C) generated during the building construction phase. JZ This includes carbon emissions generated during the completion of each sub-project and the implementation of various measures and projects; S40, calculates carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance phase.YW This includes carbon emissions (C) generated from the energy required during the operation of building equipment. YX Carbon emissions from energy required during the building equipment maintenance phase (C) WH S50, calculates the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase. CC This includes carbon emissions from various energy consumption and power generated by the mechanical equipment used for manual and mechanical demolition; S60 calculates the carbon emissions per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building throughout its entire service life.

[0121] The specific implementation of each step will be explained in detail below.

[0122] In box S10, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials. JC This includes carbon emissions (C) generated during the building materials production stage. SC And carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of building materials YS .

[0123] For prefabricated buildings, the production and transportation of building materials are divided into two parts. The first part is the carbon emissions generated from the production of building materials required for the processing of prefabricated components. CJC11 Carbon emissions from transporting building materials to factories (C) JC12 They can be collectively referred to as C JC1 The second part is the carbon emissions C generated from the production of building materials not required for assembly processing. JC21 Carbon emissions from transporting building materials to the construction site (C) JC22 They can be collectively referred to as C JC2 .

[0124] Calculation principles:

[0125] 1. The carbon emission calculation for building materials during the production and transportation stages should include the following materials: building main structural components, building envelope components, and other building components and parts. The determination of the main building materials included in the calculation should comply with the following regulations:

[0126] 1) The total weight of the selected main building materials shall not be less than 95% of the total weight of building materials consumed in the construction;

[0127] 2) When the requirements of paragraph 1) of this Article are met, building materials with a weight ratio of less than 0.1% may be excluded from the calculation.

[0128] 2. The consumption of major building materials should be determined by consulting design drawings, procurement lists, and other relevant technical documents for project construction.

[0129] 3. The actual transportation distance should be used as the priority for the transportation distance of building materials. When the actual transportation distance is unknown, the default value in Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019 can be used.

[0130] 4. Carbon emission factors during the transportation of building materials (T) i The carbon emission factor (T) should include the direct carbon emissions from the transportation of building materials from the production site to the construction site, as well as the carbon emissions from the production process that consumes energy during transportation. i The default value can be taken from Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019.

[0131] Specific calculation method:

[0132] In S10, carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials JC Calculate using the following formula:

[0133] C JC =C SC +C YS (1-1)

[0134] In the formula:

[0135] C SC —Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated during the building materials production stage;

[0136] C YS — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated during the transportation of building materials.

[0137] As a method for concrete calculation, the carbon emissions C generated during the building materials production stage... SC Calculate using the following formula:

[0138]

[0139] In the formula:

[0140] M i —The consumption of the i-th main building material; it is easy to understand that the unit of consumption here varies depending on the building material, for example, it may be the weight unit ton (t) or the volume unit cubic meter (m³). 3 It could also be other units.

[0141] F i — Carbon emission factor of the i-th major building material (kgCO2 / unit quantity of building material).

[0142] As a method for concrete calculation, the carbon emissions C generated during the building materials transportation stage... YS Calculate using the following formula:

[0143]

[0144] In the formula:

[0145] M i—The consumption of the i-th main building material;

[0146] D i —Average transportation distance (km) for the i-th main building material;

[0147] T i —The carbon emission factor (kgCO) per unit weight of transport distance for the i-th main building material under the transportation mode. 2 / (t·km)).

[0148] For the carbon emission factor F of the i-th main building material i If there are actual measured values ​​or carbon emission factors that fit the actual situation, they can be used; or if there are detailed carbon emission processes, they can be calculated using the following formula (1-4); if none of the above data are available, the values ​​can be taken from Appendix D of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019.

[0149] The carbon emission factor F of the i-th major building material i Calculate using the following formula:

[0150] F i =F ycl +F ny +F ys +F zj (1-4)

[0151] In the formula:

[0152] F ycl —The production of building materials involves the mining of raw materials and the carbon emissions during the production process;

[0153] F ny —The production of building materials involves energy extraction and carbon emissions during the production process;

[0154] F ys —The carbon emissions from the transportation of raw materials and energy involved in the production of building materials;

[0155] F zj —Direct carbon emissions from the production process of building materials.

[0156] In box S20, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly and transportation stages. ZPJ This includes carbon emissions C generated from the processing of building materials used in assembly parts in factories. NH And carbon emissions C from transporting components to the construction site ZYS .

[0157] Calculation principles:

[0158] 1. The actual transportation distance should be used as the priority for the transportation of assembled parts. When the actual transportation distance is unknown, the default value in Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019 can be used.

[0159] 2. Carbon emission factors during the transportation of assembled parts (T) i The carbon emission factor (T) should include the direct carbon emissions from the transportation of components from the production site to the construction site, as well as the carbon emissions from the production process that consumes energy during transportation. i When there is no reliable data source, the default value can be taken from Appendix E of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019.

[0160] Specific calculation method:

[0161] In frame S20, carbon emissions C generated during the assembly and transportation stages are... ZPJ Calculate using the following formula:

[0162] C ZPJ =C NH +C ZYS (2-1)

[0163] In the formula:

[0164] C NH — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from energy consumption during the assembly and processing of parts;

[0165] C ZYS — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated during the transportation of assembled parts.

[0166] As a specific calculation method, the carbon emissions (CNH) generated by energy consumption during the assembly process are calculated using the following formula:

[0167]

[0168] In the formula:

[0169] P i —The consumption of the i-th type of energy;

[0170] F i —The carbon emission factor (kgCO2 / unit building material quantity) of the i-th energy source can be taken from Appendix D of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019.

[0171] As a concrete calculation method, the carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of assembled parts... ZYS Calculate using the following formula:

[0172]

[0173] In the formula:

[0174] M i —The consumption of the i-th main building material;

[0175] D i —Average transportation distance (km) for the i-th main building material;

[0176] T i — Carbon emission factor per unit weight of transport distance (kgCO2 / (t·km)) under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material.

[0177] In box S30, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase. JZ This includes carbon emissions generated during the completion of each sub-project and the implementation of various measures and projects.

[0178] Calculation principles:

[0179] 1. The calculation boundary for carbon emissions generated during the building construction phase should comply with the following regulations:

[0180] 1) From the start of the project to the final acceptance upon completion;

[0181] 2) Carbon emissions generated from the energy consumed during the use of machinery, small tools, temporary facilities, etc., within the construction site area should be included;

[0182] 3) Carbon emissions from on-site mixed concrete and mortar, and on-site fabricated components and parts should be included;

[0183] 4) Construction of temporary facilities such as office buildings, living quarters, and material warehouses used during the construction phase may be excluded from the calculation.

[0184] Specific calculation method:

[0185] In frame S30, carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase JZ Calculate using the following formula:

[0186]

[0187] In the formula:

[0188] C JZ — Carbon emissions generated during the building construction phase (kgCO2);

[0189] E jz,i —The amount of the i-th type of energy used during the building construction phase (kWh or kg);

[0190] EF i—The carbon emission factor of the i-th energy source (kgCO2 / kWh or kgCO2 / kg),

[0191] The values ​​are taken from Appendix A of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019.

[0192] As a specific calculation method, the energy consumption E of the i-th type during the building construction phase is... jz,i Calculate using the following formula:

[0193] E jz,i =E fx,i +E cs,i (3-2)

[0194] In the formula:

[0195] E fx,i —The i-th type of energy consumption (kWh or kg) for the sub-item project;

[0196] E cs,i —The amount of energy used for the i-th type of measure (kWh or kg).

[0197] As a method for concrete calculation, the total energy consumption E of the sub-items of the project fx,i Calculate using the following formula:

[0198]

[0199] In the formula:

[0200] Q fx,i —The workload of the i-th item in the sub-item project;

[0201] f fx,i —Energy consumption coefficient (kWh / unit of measurement) of the i-th item in the sub-item project;

[0202] T i,j —The quantity of work done in the i-th project and the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery (per shift);

[0203] R j —The energy consumption (kWh / shift) per unit shift of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th project shall be determined according to Appendix C of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019, when there is an agreement...

[0204] When verifying data, it can be determined based on empirical data;

[0205] E jj,i —In the i-th project, small construction machinery is not included in the machine shift consumption, but

[0206] The energy it consumes is included in the material's energy consumption (kWh);

[0207] i — Project number in the sub-item project;

[0208] j——Construction machinery serial number.

[0209] As a specific calculation method, the total energy consumption E of the measure project is... cs,i Calculate using the following formula:

[0210]

[0211] In the formula:

[0212] Q cs,i —The workload of the i-th item in the measures project;

[0213] f cs,i —Energy consumption coefficient (kWh / unit of measurement) of the i-th item in the project.

[0214] Bit);

[0215] T A-i,j —The unit quantity of the i-th measure project and the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery (shifts);

[0216] R j —The energy consumption (kWh / shift) of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th measure project shall be determined according to the machinery category corresponding to Appendix C of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019;

[0217] i—Item number of the measure / project;

[0218] j——Construction machinery serial number.

[0219] In box S40, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building's operation and maintenance phase. YW This includes carbon emissions (C) generated from the energy required during the operation of building equipment. YX Carbon emissions from energy required during the building equipment maintenance phase (C) WH .

[0220] Specific calculation method:

[0221] In frame S40, carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance phase YW Calculate using the following formula:

[0222] C YW =C YX +C WH (4-1)

[0223] C YX =C D +C HS +CS -C KZS (4-2)

[0224] C WH =C JCSY -C TH (4-3)

[0225] In the formula:

[0226] C YX —The carbon emissions generated by the energy required during the operation of building equipment;

[0227] C WH —The carbon emissions generated by the energy required during the maintenance phase of building equipment;

[0228] C D — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from the use of electricity during the operation of building equipment;

[0229] C HS — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) from fossil fuel use during the operation of building equipment;

[0230] C S — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from water energy use during the operation of building equipment;

[0231] C KZS — Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated by renewable energy during the operation of building equipment;

[0232] C JCSY —Carbon emissions (kgCO2) generated from the use of building materials during building maintenance and renovation;

[0233] C TH —The total carbon sequestration (kgCO2) within the planning scope over 40 years, i.e., the green carbon sink.

[0234] As a concrete calculation method, the carbon emissions C generated by the use of electricity during the operation of building equipment are... D Calculate using the following formula:

[0235] C D =AD D ×EF D (4-4)

[0236] In the formula:

[0237] AD D —Building operating power consumption (kW·h);

[0238] EF D —Electricity carbon emission factor (kgCO2 / (kW·h));

[0239] As a concrete calculation method, the carbon emissions C generated by the use of fossil fuels during the operation of building equipment are... HS Calculate using the following formula:

[0240] C HS =AD Y ×EF Y (4-5)

[0241] In the formula:

[0242] AD Y —Fossil energy consumption (tce) of a certain sub-item during the building operation and maintenance phase;

[0243] EF Y —Carbon emissions from the use of various fossil fuels (kgCO2 / (tce));

[0244] As a concrete calculation method, the carbon emissions C generated by water energy use during the building equipment operation phase are... S Calculate using the following formula:

[0245] C S =E W ×F W +E W1 ×F W1 +E W2 ×F W2 (4-6)

[0246] In the formula:

[0247] E W —Building tap water volume (m³) 3 );

[0248] F W —Treatment of carbon emission factors (kgCO2 / m³) in tap water 3 );

[0249] E W1 —Building drainage (m³) 3 );

[0250] F W1 —Carbon emission factor of wastewater treatment (kgCO2 / m³) 3 );

[0251] E W2 —Building green water treatment capacity (m³) 3 );

[0252] F W2 —Carbon emission factor of green water treatment in buildings (kgCO2 / m³) 3 );

[0253] As a concrete calculation method, the carbon emissions C generated by renewable energy during the building equipment operation phase are... KZS Calculate using the following formula:

[0254] C KZS =AD E ×EF D +AD F ×EF Y (4-7)

[0255] In the formula:

[0256] AD E —Electricity converted from renewable energy (kW·h);

[0257] EF D —Electricity carbon emission factor (kgCO2 / (kW·h));

[0258] AD F —Renewable energy sources reduce fossil fuel consumption (tce);

[0259] EF Y —Carbon emissions from the use of various fossil fuels (kgCO2 / tce);

[0260] As a concrete calculation method, the carbon emissions C generated by the use of building materials during building maintenance and renovation are... JCSY Calculate using the following formula:

[0261] C JCSY =AD Z ×EF Z (4-8)

[0262] In the formula:

[0263] AD Z —Consumable building materials (kg) for a specific sub-item during the maintenance phase;

[0264] EF Z — Carbon emission factor of building materials (kgCO2 / kg);

[0265] As a concrete calculation method, the total carbon sequestration (CTH) over the 40-year planning period is calculated using the following formula:

[0266]

[0267] In the formula:

[0268] S—Planting area of ​​different greening types (m²) 2 );

[0269] C pi—Total carbon sequestration per unit planting area over 40 years under various planting methods (kgCO2 / m²) 2 ).

[0270] In box S50, calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase. CC This includes carbon emissions generated from the various energy consumption and power generated by the mechanical equipment used in manual and mechanical demolition.

[0271] Calculation principles:

[0272] 1. The time boundary for calculating carbon emissions during the demolition phase should be from the start of demolition until the parts are dismantled and removed from the building.

[0273] 2. The energy consumption for building demolition by blasting, static demolition, and mechanical demolition should be determined according to the specific demolition plan.

[0274] Specific calculation method:

[0275] In frame S50, carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase CC Calculate using the following formula:

[0276]

[0277] In the formula:

[0278] C CC — Carbon emissions generated during the building demolition phase (kgCO2 / m³) 2 );

[0279] E cc,i —The amount of energy used during the building demolition phase (kWh or kg);

[0280] EF i —The carbon emission factor (kgCO2 / kWh) of the i-th energy source is determined according to Appendix A of the building carbon emission calculation standard GB / T51366-2019.

[0281] As a specific calculation method, the total energy consumption E during the building demolition phase is... cc Calculate using the following formula:

[0282]

[0283] In the formula:

[0284] Q cc,i —The workload of the i-th demolition project;

[0285] f cc,i —Energy consumption coefficient per unit of measurement for the i-th demolition project (kWh / unit of measurement or kg / unit of measurement);

[0286] T B-i,j —The unit quantity of the i-th demolition project and the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery per shift;

[0287] R j —Energy consumption per shift of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th demolition project;

[0288] i—Demolition project number;

[0289] j—Construction machinery serial number;

[0290] E jj,i —In the i-th demolition project, small construction machinery is not included in the machine shift consumption.

[0291] However, the energy it consumes is included in the energy consumption of the materials.

[0292] Within frame S60, the carbon emissions per unit area during the entire service life of the prefabricated building are calculated.

[0293] Specific calculation method:

[0294] In frame S60, the carbon emissions CFY per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building throughout its entire service life are calculated using the following formula:

[0295]

[0296] In the formula:

[0297] C FY — Carbon emissions per unit area during the building's service life (kgCO2 / m²) 2 );

[0298] A – Building area (m²) 2 ).

[0299] Finally, the carbon emissions per unit area of ​​the prefabricated building are calculated throughout its entire service life to facilitate comparisons between different buildings and projects.

[0300] In summary, the carbon emission calculation method for prefabricated buildings provided by this invention can accurately calculate the carbon emissions of a prefabricated building from scratch to completion and demolition, providing a reference for promoting the improvement of prefabricated buildings and standards systems.

[0301] While several specific implementation details are included in the foregoing discussion, these should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. Certain features described in the context of individual embodiments may also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features described in the context of a single implementation may also be implemented individually or in any suitable sub-combination in multiple implementations.

Claims

1. A method for carbon emission accounting in building materials production and transportation, characterized in that, include: S1: Calculate carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials. JC This includes carbon emissions (C) generated during the building materials production stage. SC And carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of building materials YS The carbon emission calculation for the building materials production and transportation stage includes building main structure components and building envelope components. The total weight of building materials shall not be less than 95% of the total weight of building materials consumed in the building. The transportation distance of building materials shall be the actual transportation distance of the building materials. When the actual transportation distance of the building materials is unknown, the corresponding preset default value shall be used. Carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials JC The specific calculation process is as follows: C JC =C SC +C YS In the formula, C SC Carbon emissions generated during the building materials production stage; C YS This refers to the carbon emissions generated during the transportation of building materials. Carbon emissions C generated during the building materials production stage SC Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, M i Let F be the consumption of the i-th main building material. i is the carbon emission factor of the i-th main building material; Carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of building materials YS Calculate using the following formula: In the formula: M i Let D be the consumption of the i-th main building material. i Let T be the average transportation distance of the i-th main building material. i Let be the carbon emission factor per unit weight of transportation distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material; The carbon emission factor Fi of the i-th major building material is calculated using the following formula: F i =F ycl +F ny +F ys +F zj In the formula, F ycl The production of building materials involves the mining of raw materials and carbon emissions during the production process. ny For building materials production, which involves energy extraction and carbon emissions during the production process, F ys For carbon emissions from the transportation of raw materials and energy involved in the production of building materials, F zj Direct carbon emissions from the production process of building materials; S2: Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the assembly, processing, and transportation stages. ZPJ This includes carbon emissions C generated from the processing of building materials used in assembly parts in factories. NH And carbon emissions C from transporting components to the construction site ZYS The transportation distance of the assembly parts is the actual transportation distance of the assembly parts. When the actual transportation distance of the assembly parts is unknown, the corresponding preset default value is used. The carbon emission factor of the assembly parts transportation stage includes the direct carbon emissions of the transportation process of the assembly parts from the production site to the construction site and the carbon emissions of the production process of the energy consumed in the transportation process. Carbon emissions C generated during the assembly and transportation stages ZPJ The specific calculation process is as follows: C ZPJ =C NH +C ZYS In the formula, C NH C represents the carbon emissions generated by energy consumption during the assembly and processing of parts. ZYS Carbon emissions generated during the transportation of assembled parts; Carbon emissions C from energy consumption during component processing NH Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, P i Let F be the consumption of the i-th energy source. i Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th energy source; Carbon emissions C generated during the transportation of the assembled parts ZYS Calculate using the following formula: In the formula, M i Let D be the consumption of the i-th main building material. i Let T be the average transportation distance for the i-th main building material. i Let be the carbon emission factor per unit weight of transport distance under the transportation mode of the i-th main building material.

2. A method for calculating carbon emissions per unit area over the life cycle of prefabricated buildings, characterized in that, The carbon emission accounting method for building material production and transportation as described in claim 1 further includes the following steps: Calculate carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase JZ This includes carbon emissions generated from the completion of each sub-project and carbon emissions generated during the implementation of various measures and projects; Calculate the carbon emissions C generated during the building operation and maintenance phase. YW This includes carbon emissions (C) generated from the energy required for the operation of building equipment. YX Carbon emissions from energy required during the building equipment maintenance phase (C) WH ; Calculate carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase CC Carbon emissions from the various energy consumption and power generated by the mechanical equipment used in manual and mechanical demolition; Carbon emissions C generated during the production and transportation of building materials JC Carbon emissions C generated during the assembly, processing, and transportation stages ZPJ Carbon emissions generated during the building construction phase (C) JZ Carbon emissions generated during the building operation and maintenance phase (C) YW Carbon emissions C generated during the building demolition phase CC The specific calculation process for calculating the carbon emissions per unit area of ​​a prefabricated building throughout its entire service life is as follows: In the formula: C FY The carbon emissions per unit area during the building's service life, where A is the building area.

3. The method for calculating carbon emissions per unit area over the life cycle of prefabricated buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, Carbon emissions C generated during the building construction phase JZ The calculation process is as follows: In the formula, C JZ E represents carbon emissions generated during the building construction phase. jz,i Let EF be the energy consumption of the i-th type during the building construction phase. i Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th energy source; Energy consumption of type i during the building construction phase, E jz,i The calculation process: AND jz,i =And fx,i +E cs,i In the formula, E fx,i For the i-th type of energy consumption in the sub-item project, E cs,i For the i-th type of energy consumption in the measure project; The calculation process for the i-th type of energy consumption in the sub-item project: In the formula, Q fx,i f represents the quantity of the i-th item in the sub-item project. fx,i Let T be the energy consumption coefficient of the i-th item in the sub-item project. i,j R represents the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th project workload. j E represents the energy consumption per unit shift of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th project. jj,i For the i-th project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the energy consumption of materials (kWh), but not in its machine shift consumption; And / or, the energy consumption of the i-th type of measure item is calculated according to the following formula: In the formula, Q cs,i f represents the workload of the i-th item in the measures project. cs,i Let T be the energy consumption coefficient of the i-th item in the project. A-i,j R represents the unit quantity of the i-th measure project and the consumption of the j-th type of construction machinery per shift. j Let J represent the energy consumption per shift of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th measure project.

4. The method for calculating carbon emissions per unit area over the life cycle of prefabricated buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, Carbon emissions generated during the building operation and maintenance phase C YW The calculation process is as follows: C YW =C YX +C WH C YX =C D +G HS +C S -C KZS C WH =C JCSY -C TH In the formula, C YX C represents the carbon emissions generated by the energy required for the operation of building equipment. WH C represents the carbon emissions generated by the energy required during the building equipment maintenance phase. D Carbon emissions from electrical energy use during the operation of building equipment; C HS C represents the carbon emissions generated by the use of fossil fuels during the operation of building equipment. S C represents the carbon emissions generated from water energy use during the operation of building equipment. KZS C represents the carbon emissions generated by renewable energy sources during the operation of building equipment. JCSY C represents the carbon emissions generated from the use of building materials during building maintenance and renovation. TH The total carbon sequestration over 40 years within the scope of the plan.

5. The method for calculating carbon emissions per unit area over the life cycle of prefabricated buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, Carbon emissions C from building demolition phase CC The calculation process is as follows: In the formula, C CC E represents carbon emissions generated during the building demolition phase. cc,i Let EF be the energy consumption of type i during the building demolition phase. i Let be the carbon emission factor for the i-th energy source.

6. The method for calculating carbon emissions per unit area over the life cycle of prefabricated buildings according to claim 2, characterized in that, Total energy consumption during building demolition phase E cc The calculation process is as follows: In the formula, Q cc,i Let f be the amount of work for the i-th demolition project. cc ,i Let T be the energy consumption coefficient per unit of measurement for the i-th demolition project. B-i,j R represents the unit workload of the j-th type of construction machinery consumed per shift in the i-th demolition project; j E represents the energy consumption per unit shift of the j-th type of construction machinery in the i-th demolition project; jj,i For the i-th demolition project, the energy consumed by small construction machinery is included in the energy consumption of materials, but not in its machine shift consumption.

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