A multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixel cooperative driving calculation method based on target spectral distribution
By constructing and optimizing the spectral error function, and collaboratively driving multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixels, the problem of spectral morphology control in high-fidelity display scenarios of liquid crystal display systems is solved, achieving accurate spectral reconstruction and enhanced realism.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- SUZHOU UNIV OF SCI & TECH
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-05
AI Technical Summary
Existing LCD systems struggle to directly control spectral morphology in high-fidelity display scenarios. Traditional driving methods cannot effectively reconstruct continuous spectral distributions and exhibit metamerism, failing to meet the demands of high-fidelity displays.
By constructing a spectral error function, the driving parameters of the multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixels are optimized, enabling the coordinated calculation of the output intensity of the spectral sub-channels and the modulation coefficients of the RGB sub-pixels. This directly optimizes spectral matching, constructs a display output spectral model, and performs optimization solutions under constraints.
It achieves coordinated driving of multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixels under brightness and power consumption constraints, and the output spectrum approximates the target spectral distribution, solving the metamerism phenomenon and improving the realism and spectral consistency of the display.
Smart Images
Figure CN122157609A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of display technology, specifically to a driving calculation method in a multi-channel spectrally controllable display system, and more particularly to a multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixel collaborative driving calculation method based on target spectral distribution. Background Technology
[0002] Existing liquid crystal display systems mainly employ a red, green, and blue three-primary-color display mechanism. Their driving method is typically based on color space mapping and brightness control, achieving color display by adjusting the driving signals of RGB sub-pixels. This type of driving method essentially aims at matching tristimulus values to achieve color reproduction in a comprehensive color space. Its control dimensions are mainly limited to the color and brightness levels, lacking the ability to directly control the spectral distribution of the display output.
[0003] In applications requiring high-fidelity display, spectral consistency, or near-natural lighting conditions, such as high-fidelity visual presentation, medical imaging, museum artifact display, and industrial inspection, display systems not only need to meet color matching requirements but also need to approximate the continuous spectral distribution under natural lighting conditions. For example, the D65 standard for natural daylight, defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE), exhibits continuous and smooth spectral characteristics. However, traditional RGB display methods, due to their discrete emission spectral lines and limited bandwidth, struggle to effectively reconstruct such target spectra.
[0004] In recent years, multi-channel spectral backlight technology has provided a hardware foundation for expanding the spectral control capabilities of display systems by introducing multiple light-emitting channels with different spectral ranges. However, existing technologies mainly focus on backlight structure design or spectral channel configuration, lacking a systematic computational method that integrates with the display driving process. In particular, given a target spectral distribution, how to comprehensively consider the spectral characteristics of multi-channel backlight and the spectral modulation characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel, and collaboratively calculate the output intensity of each spectral sub-channel and the driving parameters of RGB sub-pixels to achieve accurate approximation of the display output spectrum remains an unresolved issue.
[0005] Existing driving methods typically employ lookup table methods or algebraic solutions based on colorimetric transformations. These methods struggle to handle the high-dimensional, nonlinear problems arising from the coupling between multi-channel backlights and liquid crystal sub-pixels, and they cannot directly optimize spectral errors for inverse calculation of driving parameters. In particular, traditional methods use color matching (tristimulus value matching) as the final evaluation criterion, failing to address the spectral distortion caused by metamerism and thus failing to meet the demands of high-fidelity display scenarios for spectral-level color reproduction.
[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a collaborative driving calculation method based on the target spectral distribution to achieve joint control of multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixels, thereby improving the expressive power of the display system at the spectral level.
[0007] This application, along with patent application number 202610062000.7 entitled "A Multi-channel Spectrum Controllable Liquid Crystal Display System and Display Method," constitutes a series of applications under the same inventive concept. While the system patent in this series focuses on the hardware architecture and collaborative modulation framework of the multi-channel backlight module and liquid crystal display panel, this application further proposes a driving calculation method based on the target spectral distribution. By constructing a spectral error function and solving an optimization problem, it provides a specific driving parameter calculation scheme for the control module in the system patent. Summary of the Invention
[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixel collaborative driving calculation method based on target spectral distribution, to solve the problem of the lack of spectral-level control capability in existing display driving methods. This method can serve as the core algorithm of the control module in a multi-channel spectrally controllable liquid crystal display system, providing computational support for the system to achieve controllable reconstruction of the display spectrum.
[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0010] This invention provides a collaborative driving computing method, comprising:
[0011] First, a display target containing the target display spectral distribution constraint is obtained, wherein the target display spectral distribution is used to describe the desired display output spectral shape, and the target spectrum can be a continuous natural spectral distribution or a spectral distribution corresponding to a standard spectral distribution under natural lighting conditions.
[0012] Secondly, based on the spectral distribution characteristics of each spectral sub-channel in the multi-channel backlight module and the spectral transmission characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel, a display output spectral model is constructed.
[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the display output spectrum can be expressed as:
[0014]
[0015] in:
[0016] Displays the output spectrum;
[0017] : No. Each spectral sub-channel backlight spectrum;
[0018] RGB color filter transmittance;
[0019] : RGB subpixel driving modulation coefficients;
[0020] The combined transmission characteristics of the liquid crystal layer and polarizer;
[0021] .
[0022] Furthermore, an error function is constructed based on the target display spectral distribution to compare the target spectrum with the display output spectrum, used to quantify the spectral reconstruction deviation. In one embodiment of the present invention, the error function can be expressed as:
[0023]
[0024] in, This indicates that the target displays its spectral distribution.
[0025] In actual calculations, the optimization of the error function must be performed under preset constraints, which include at least one of the following: display brightness constraints, power consumption constraints, hardware capability constraints, and chromaticity consistency constraints. Specifically, the brightness constraint ensures that the display output meets a predetermined brightness level, and the power consumption constraint limits the energy consumption of the multi-channel backlight.
[0026] It should be noted that the core of this invention lies in directly achieving spectral matching through the optimization of the spectral error function. Since spectral matching mathematically implies color matching (i.e., when the output spectrum and the target spectrum are sufficiently close in the visible light range, their tristimulus values naturally meet the consistency requirements), there is no need to set a separate color matching constraint. In special application scenarios, if there is a need to further limit chromaticity deviation, chromaticity consistency constraints can be selectively introduced as auxiliary constraints.
[0027] By optimizing the error function under the above constraints, the output intensity of the backlight of each spectral sub-channel and the driving modulation coefficient of the RGB sub-pixels are obtained, thereby realizing the collaborative driving calculation of multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixels.
[0028] Finally, based on the calculated driving parameters, the multi-channel backlight module and the liquid crystal display panel are controlled in a coordinated manner to make the display output spectrum approximate the target spectral distribution within a predetermined spectral range.
[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0030] 1. By taking spectral distribution as the direct optimization target, it fundamentally solves the problem that traditional display driving methods are limited to color matching and cannot control spectral morphology, and overcomes the impact of metamerism on the realism of the display.
[0031] 2. By constructing and optimizing the spectral error function, the coordinated driving of multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixels was realized, and the output spectrum was made to physically approximate the target spectral distribution while meeting the constraints of brightness and power consumption.
[0032] 3. Without changing the existing LCD panel structure, spectral-level display control can be achieved simply by improving the driving calculation method, which has good compatibility and practical value;
[0033] 4. This method can be used as the core driving algorithm for a multi-channel spectral controllable liquid crystal display system, forming a complete technical solution with the system architecture to jointly achieve high-precision reconstruction of the display spectrum. Attached Figure Description
[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the collaborative driving computing method of the present invention;
[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the input of multi-channel backlight spectrum and the spectral characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel.
[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the construction of the output spectral model;
[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram illustrating the error optimization between the target spectral distribution and the reconstructed spectrum;
[0039] Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the solution of parameters for the collaborative driving of multi-channel backlight and RGB sub-pixels. Detailed Implementation
[0040] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0041] Example 1: Calculation Process
[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the collaborative driving calculation method based on target spectral distribution provided by this invention includes the following steps:
[0043] First, the target display spectral distribution is obtained. This target spectrum is used to describe the desired display output spectral shape and can be a continuous natural spectral distribution or a standard light source spectral distribution.
[0044] Secondly, acquire the spectral data of each spectral sub-channel in the multi-channel backlight module, as well as the spectral transmission characteristics data of the liquid crystal display panel.
[0045] Then, based on the above spectral data, a display output spectral model is constructed;
[0046] Furthermore, an error function between the target spectrum and the output spectrum is established, and optimization calculations are performed under preset constraints.
[0047] Finally, based on the calculation results, the multi-channel backlight driving parameters and RGB sub-pixel driving parameters are output to achieve coordinated driving of the display system. This method can be directly applied to the control module of a multi-channel spectrally controllable liquid crystal display system, providing it with a specific driving parameter calculation scheme.
[0048] Example 2: Construction of Spectral Model
[0049] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the multi-channel backlight module provides N spectral sub-channels, and the spectral distributions of each spectral sub-channel are as follows: These spectral subchannels are superimposed and then enter the liquid crystal display panel.
[0050] Liquid crystal display panels use RGB color filters and the modulation effects of the liquid crystal layer and polarizers to select the spectrum and modulate the intensity of incident light, thus forming the final output spectrum. Its spectral expression is:
[0051]
[0052] in, The combined transmittance characteristics of the liquid crystal layer and polarizer combination at different wavelengths were characterized. The liquid crystal layer itself controls the transmittance of light through optical rotation, which is usually wavelength-dependent (i.e., there is a dispersion effect). This effect is described in conjunction with the wavelength-dependent transmittance characteristics of the polarizer. In practical applications, It can be obtained through pre-calibration or regarded as a known function under specific driving conditions.
[0053] This model comprehensively describes the multi-channel spectral superposition, color filter selection, and liquid crystal polarization modulation process, and forms the basis for subsequent driving calculations.
[0054] Example 3: Error Optimization Mechanism
[0055] like Figure 4 As shown, the target spectrum With output spectrum By comparison, a spectral error function is constructed:
[0056]
[0057] In practical applications, comprehensive colorimetric error or weighted spectral error can be introduced as needed to construct a comprehensive error function.
[0058] To minimize the aforementioned error function, this invention provides a specific optimization solution method as follows:
[0059] First, the visible light wavelength range (e.g., 380nm to 780nm) is discretized into M sampling points with a wavelength interval of Δλ. The integral error function is then transformed into a sum of squared discrete errors:
[0060]
[0061] Substituting the output spectrum model into the equation, we obtain the error function E, which is related to the backlight output intensity vector. and sub-pixel driving modulation coefficient vector The function.
[0062] The optimization process needs to be carried out under the following constraints:
[0063] Display brightness constraint: The total brightness of the display output should meet the preset brightness requirement, i.e. ;
[0064] Power consumption constraints: The output intensity of each backlight channel should not exceed its maximum output capability, and the total power consumption should be lower than a preset value, i.e. , .
[0065] It is important to note that color matching is not treated as an independent constraint in this optimization model. This is because the present invention takes minimizing spectral error as its direct optimization objective. When the output spectrum sufficiently approximates the target spectrum within the visible light range, its tristimulus values naturally satisfy the consistency requirement. Color matching is a necessary result of spectral matching, rather than an additional constraint. This design avoids the potential conflict between spectral optimization and color constraints in traditional methods, ensuring the mathematical well-posedness of the optimization problem.
[0066] Under the above constraints, the error function E is a function of... and Since the function is a quadratic form and all constraints are linear, this optimization problem can be transformed into a standard quadratic programming problem. By solving this quadratic programming problem, the backlight output intensity vector that best approximates the target spectrum in the least-squares sense can be obtained. and sub-pixel driving modulation coefficient vector .
[0067] In practice, the Lagrange multiplier method or a numerical optimization solver (such as a solver based on the effective set method or interior point method) can be used to solve this quadratic programming problem efficiently.
[0068] By optimizing the error function as described above, the output spectrum gradually approximates the target spectral distribution.
[0069] Example 4: Solving for Cooperative Driving Parameters
[0070] like Figure 5 As shown, by optimizing the solution of the error function, we obtain:
[0071] Output intensity parameters of each spectral sub-channel (i=1,2,...,N);
[0072] RGB subpixel driving modulation coefficient , , .
[0073] It is important to emphasize that the above parameters collectively determine the final display output spectrum. Therefore, this invention employs a joint solution approach, rather than calculating the backlight and liquid crystal parameters independently step by step. Specifically, in the optimization model, the backlight output intensity vector... and sub-pixel driving modulation coefficient vector Simultaneously, these parameters appear as decision variables in both the error function and constraints, and are coupled through an explicit output spectral model. By obtaining the optimal values of both sets of parameters in a single optimization solution, the cumulative errors that might be introduced by step-by-step solutions are avoided.
[0074] After the solution is completed, the backlight output intensity parameters The signal is sent to the driving circuit of the multi-channel backlight module to control the luminous intensity of each spectral sub-channel; the RGB sub-pixel driving modulation coefficients , , The drive circuit sent to the liquid crystal display panel is used to control the transmittance of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels in each pixel unit.
[0075] This collaborative driving mechanism ensures precise coordination between the multi-channel backlight module and the LCD panel at the spectral modulation level, enabling the final output spectrum to achieve optimal approximation of the target spectral distribution while meeting the constraints of brightness, chromaticity, and power consumption.
[0076] Example 5: Application of Target Spectroscopy
[0077] In this embodiment, the target display spectral distribution is selected as the D65 standard natural daylight spectral distribution defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE).
[0078] By using the above-mentioned collaborative driving calculation method, the driving parameters of multi-channel backlight and RGB sub-pixels are solved, so that the display output spectrum approaches the D65 spectrum in the visible light range, thereby achieving a display effect close to natural lighting conditions and improving the realism and spectral consistency of the display.
[0079] It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the core idea of the present invention, those skilled in the art can adjust or replace the number of spectral sub-channels, spectral range and optimization method. All such equivalent changes should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A multi-channel backlight and liquid crystal sub-pixel collaborative driving calculation method based on target spectral distribution, characterized in that, include: Obtain the display target that includes the target display spectral distribution constraints; Based on the spectral distribution of each spectral sub-channel in the multi-channel backlight module and the spectral transmission characteristics of the liquid crystal display panel, a display output spectral model is constructed. Based on the target display spectral distribution, an error function is constructed between the target spectral distribution and the display output spectrum. The output intensity of the backlight of each spectral sub-channel and the driving modulation coefficients of the red, green, and blue sub-pixels are solved by optimizing the error function. The optimization process is carried out under the condition of satisfying preset constraints. Based on the calculation results, the multi-channel backlight module and the liquid crystal display panel are controlled to perform coordinated modulation so that the display spectrum output by the liquid crystal display panel approximates the target display spectrum distribution within a predetermined spectral range.
2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The display output spectral model is represented as follows: in, To display the output spectrum, For the first Each spectral sub-channel backlight spectrum , , These represent the transmittance of red, green, and blue filters, respectively. , , These are the driving modulation coefficients for the red, green, and blue sub-pixels, respectively. To combine the transmission characteristics of the liquid crystal layer and polarizer, The number of spectral sub-channels and ≥4.
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preset constraints include at least one of the following: Display brightness constraints are used to ensure that the display output meets a predetermined brightness level. Power consumption constraints are used to limit the energy consumption of multi-channel backlights; Hardware capability constraints are used to limit the output intensity of each spectral subchannel from exceeding its maximum driving capability. Colorimetric consistency constraints are used to ensure that colorimetric deviations are within a preset tolerance range, based on spectral matching optimization.
4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The error function is constructed based on spectral differences, color differences, or a combination thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The target display spectral distribution is a continuous natural spectral distribution or a spectral distribution corresponding to a standard spectral distribution under natural lighting conditions.
6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The standard spectral distribution includes the D65 standard natural daylight spectral distribution as defined by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE).
7. A display driving method, characterized in that, Based on the calculation method described in any one of claims 1 to 6, the multi-channel backlight module and the liquid crystal display panel are controlled to perform display driving.