Roofing system based on photovoltaic building and assembly method

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of building integrated photovoltaics, and discloses a roof heat dissipation grid system based on a photovoltaic building and an assembling method, which are used for installing and supporting photovoltaic panels on the roof of a building and comprise: a plurality of grid units, the grid unit comprising a frame, a heat dissipation support rib being arranged in the frame, the heat dissipation support rib being used for bearing and dissipating heat of the photovoltaic panel, and a heat dissipation air duct being formed between the heat dissipation support ribs; a connecting piece being arranged on the outer side of the four peripheries of the frame, the connecting piece being used for detachably fixedly connecting two adjacent grid units in four directions of front, back, left and right. Through the modular grid unit design, the heat dissipation air ducts are formed in a crisscross manner inside, the air ducts at the unit splicing positions are communicated with each other, and a continuous ventilation network covering the entire roof is formed. Air can freely circulate in the air ducts, effectively taking away the heat at the back of the photovoltaic panel, significantly reducing the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel, and improving the power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), and more specifically, to a roof heat dissipation grid system and assembly method based on photovoltaic buildings. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of solar photovoltaic power generation technology, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) has become an important direction for building energy conservation. Installing photovoltaic panels on the roofs of existing buildings is a common application. However, traditional photovoltaic panel mounting brackets are mostly simple metal keel structures, whose main function is to support and fix the photovoltaic panels. This type of structure has the following problems:

[0003] 1. Poor heat dissipation: Photovoltaic panels generate a lot of heat during the power generation process, especially when installed on the roof where ventilation is poor, causing the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panels to rise, which not only reduces power generation efficiency but also accelerates the aging of the modules;

[0004] 2. Complex installation: Traditional support systems usually require drilling a lot of holes in the roof, the installation steps are complicated, it may damage the roof waterproofing layer, and the construction period is long;

[0005] 3. Fragmented structure: The strength and stability of a single support are limited, making it difficult to form an integral structure. It has weak wind resistance and poses a safety hazard, especially in areas with strong winds.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a rooftop photovoltaic installation system that can effectively support photovoltaic panels, solve heat dissipation problems, and is easy to install and structurally stable. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a roof heat dissipation grid system and assembly method based on photovoltaic buildings.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings for installing and supporting photovoltaic panels on the roof of a building, comprising:

[0010] Multiple grid units, each grid unit includes a frame, and heat dissipation support ribs are provided inside the frame. The heat dissipation support ribs are used for supporting and dissipating heat from the photovoltaic panel, and heat dissipation air ducts are formed between the heat dissipation support ribs.

[0011] The frame is provided with connectors on its four outer sides. The connectors are used to detachably fix two adjacent grid units in the four directions of front, back, left, and right to form a grid array covering the roof.

[0012] The frame is provided with ventilation openings, which correspond to the ends of the heat dissipation ducts. When adjacent grille units are spliced ​​in any direction, the ventilation openings of the adjacent grille units are aligned and connected to each other, so that the heat dissipation ducts in each grille unit are connected and connected at the splicing point, forming a continuous ventilation network that runs through the entire grille array.

[0013] It also includes a fixing component for securing the edges of the grille array to the roof structure.

[0014] Furthermore, the connector includes at least one connecting plate fixedly connected to a first side and a second side of the frame. The first side of the frame is the side where the port of the heat dissipation duct is located, and the second side of the frame is a side parallel to the extension direction of the heat dissipation duct. Slots are provided on the other two sides of the frame corresponding to the connecting plates. Threaded holes are provided on the connecting plates, and bolts are provided on the frame. The bolts extend into the slots and cooperate with the threaded holes to lock and fix the connecting plates inserted into the slots.

[0015] Furthermore, the heat dissipation support rib is a continuous corrugated metal plate. The crests of the corrugated metal plate form a support surface for supporting the photovoltaic panel, and the troughs connect to the bottom of the frame. A through heat dissipation air duct is formed between the two inclined surfaces of the corrugated metal plate. Lateral connecting holes are provided at the troughs of the corrugated metal plate and on the frame to allow adjacent heat dissipation air ducts to be laterally connected to each other.

[0016] The metal corrugations and the frame are provided with transverse connecting holes, so that adjacent heat dissipation ducts can be connected to each other laterally.

[0017] Furthermore, the frame is made of lightweight and high-strength material, and the bottom of the frame is provided with multiple parallel and spaced support legs.

[0018] Furthermore, a removable protective net is provided at the port of the heat dissipation air duct at the edge of the grille array.

[0019] Furthermore, the fixing component includes a pressure block and an anchor bolt. The pressure block is pressed onto the frame of the grid unit at the edge of the grid array, and the anchor bolt passes through the pressure block and is fixed in the load-bearing beam or structural layer of the roof.

[0020] Secondly, the present invention provides an assembly method for a roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings, used to assemble the heat dissipation grille system described in any of the above technical solutions, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1: Place the first grille unit at the starting position on the roof, so that its bottom support feet are stably supported on the roof surface, and maintain a gap between the bottom of the frame and the roof surface to form a bottom ventilation layer;

[0022] S2: Align the second grille unit with the first grille unit, insert the connecting plate of the second grille unit into the corresponding slot of the first grille unit, and then screw the bolt into the threaded hole of the connecting plate to complete the fixed connection of the two grille units. At the same time, align the ventilation openings of the two grille units with each other to achieve the connection and flow of the heat dissipation air duct.

[0023] S3: Repeat step S2, gradually expanding and splicing in the four directions of front, back, left and right until a grid array covering the predetermined area is formed, and the heat dissipation air ducts in all grid units are interconnected to form a continuous ventilation network that runs through the entire array.

[0024] S4: Secure the grid array to the roof structure using fastening components at the edge of the grid array or at a location corresponding to the roof load-bearing structure.

[0025] S5: Lay the flexible photovoltaic panel and fix it on the top support surface of the heat dissipation support rib to complete the electrical connection.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are:

[0027] I. Excellent Heat Dissipation Performance: Through a modular grille unit design, a crisscrossing heat dissipation airflow is formed inside, and the airflow channels at the unit joints are interconnected, forming a continuous ventilation network covering the entire roof. Air can circulate freely within the airflow channels, effectively removing heat from the back of the photovoltaic panels, significantly reducing the operating temperature of the photovoltaic panels, and improving power generation efficiency.

[0028] 2. Modular and rapid installation: The system consists of standardized and modular grid units, which can be quickly spliced ​​through connectors, resulting in fast construction speed and greatly shortening the on-site installation cycle; there is no need to drill large holes in the roof, reducing the risk of damage to the roof waterproofing layer.

[0029] Third, the structure is highly integrated and safe and reliable: Each grid unit is tightly connected to form a whole grid array through connectors around the perimeter, resulting in uniform stress distribution, high structural stability, and strong resistance to wind uplift. The system is connected to the main roof structure via edge fixing components, ensuring the safety and reliability of the entire system.

[0030] IV. High adaptability and wide application: The system can be used to install conventional rigid photovoltaic panels, and its flat support surface is also particularly suitable for installing flexible photovoltaic panels. The design of the bottom support feet leaves a gap between the frame and the roof surface, which is conducive to bottom ventilation and moisture prevention, and also makes it easy to adapt to slightly uneven roof surfaces.

[0031] V. High functional integration: It integrates the functions of photovoltaic panels such as load-bearing, heat dissipation, and ventilation into one unit, with a simple and efficient structure, making it an ideal building-integrated photovoltaic solution. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grille unit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the plug and the slot of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the continuous metal corrugated plate with heat dissipation support ribs of the present invention.

[0036] Explanation of the labels in the diagram:

[0037] 1. Grille unit; 11. Frame; 12. Heat dissipation support rib; 121. Support surface; 13. Heat dissipation duct; 14. Ventilation opening; 15. Horizontal connecting hole; 16. Support foot; 17. Protective net; 2. Connector; 21. Connecting plate; 22. Slot; 23. Threaded hole; 24. Bolt; 3. Photovoltaic panel; 4. Fixing component; 41. Pressure block; 42. Anchor bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] Please see Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings, used to install and support photovoltaic panels 3 on the roof of a building. The system mainly includes multiple grille units 1, connectors 2, and fixing components 4.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the grille unit 1 includes a frame 11 and heat dissipation support ribs 12 disposed within the frame 11. The frame 11 is a rectangular frame structure, made of lightweight, high-strength materials (such as aluminum alloy, galvanized steel, etc.) to ensure structural strength while reducing roof load. The bottom of the frame 11 is provided with multiple parallel and spaced support feet 16. When the grille unit 1 is placed on the roof surface, it is supported by the support feet 16, maintaining a gap between the bottom of the frame 11 and the roof surface, forming a bottom ventilation layer, which is beneficial for moisture prevention and auxiliary heat dissipation.

[0042] Inside the frame 11, heat dissipation support ribs 12 are provided for supporting and dissipating heat from the photovoltaic panel. In this embodiment, as... Figure 4 As shown, the heat dissipation support rib 12 is a continuous corrugated metal plate. The crests of the corrugated metal plate form a flat support surface 121 for supporting the photovoltaic panel 3; the troughs are fixedly connected to the bottom of the frame 11. The two sloping sides of the corrugated metal plate and the frame 11 together form a through heat dissipation duct 13, which runs through the entire grille unit 1 along the extension direction of the corrugated plate.

[0043] The frame 11 has a vent 14 at the port position corresponding to the heat dissipation duct 13.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the frame 11 is provided with connectors 2 on its outer perimeter, which are used to detachably fix two adjacent grid units 1 in the four directions of front, back, left and right, thereby forming a grid array that covers the entire roof.

[0045] Specifically, in this embodiment, the connector 2 adopts a plug-in locking structure, and at least one connecting plate 21 is fixedly provided on the "first side" and "second side" of the frame 11. The "first side" refers to the side where the port of the heat dissipation duct 13 is located (i.e., the side where the vent 14 is located), and the "second side" refers to the side parallel to the extending direction of the heat dissipation duct 13. Correspondingly, slots 22 matching the connecting plates 21 are provided on the other two sides of the frame 11 (i.e., the two sides opposite to the "first side" and "second side"). Threaded holes 23 are provided on the connecting plates 21. Bolts 24 are provided on the frame 11, extending into the slots 22, and their positions correspond to the threaded holes 23 on the connecting plates 21 that are inserted into the slots 22.

[0046] When two grille units 1 need to be joined, the connecting plate 21 of one grille unit 1 is inserted into the corresponding slot 22 of the adjacent grille unit 1, and then the bolts 24 are tightened to screw it into the threaded hole 23 of the connecting plate 21, thereby achieving a tight locking and fixation between the two units. This connection method is not only firm but also convenient to operate. After the connecting plate 21 is fully inserted and locked, the ventilation openings 14 of the two adjacent grille units 1 will align and connect with each other, so that the internal heat dissipation air ducts 13 are connected and interlocked at the joint.

[0047] In this way, the grid is continuously expanded and spliced ​​in four directions (front, back, left, and right) to eventually form a grid array consisting of numerous grid units 1 covering a predetermined area. Since the heat dissipation ducts 13 of all units are interconnected at the splicing points, a continuous, crisscrossing ventilation network is formed inside the entire array.

[0048] To prevent debris from entering the air duct, a removable protective net 17 can be installed at the port of the heat dissipation air duct 13 at the edge of the grille array. The protective net 17 is a metal wire mesh or a plastic grille, with a mesh diameter preferably of 2-5mm, to prevent leaves, debris, or small animals from entering the air duct and to ensure ventilation effect for long-term use.

[0049] Fixing component 4 is used to secure the edges of the grid array to the roof structure. For example... Figure 1 , 2 As shown, the fixing component 4 includes a pressure block 41 and an anchor bolt 42. After the grid array is assembled, the pressure block 41 is pressed onto the frame 11 of the grid unit 1 at the edge of the grid array, and then the anchor bolt 42 passes through the pressure block 41 and is anchored to the load-bearing beam of the roof or the concrete structural layer. Typically, the fixing component 4 only needs to be installed at the edge of the array and at key locations corresponding to the load-bearing structure of the roof. For larger grid arrays, fixing components 4 can also be added at locations inside the array corresponding to the load-bearing structure.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] This embodiment has the same basic structure as Embodiment 1, the difference being the structural form of the heat dissipation support rib 12.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the heat dissipation support rib 12 consists of multiple parallel and spaced heat dissipation fins. These heat dissipation fins can be straight or corrugated, and their tops also form a support surface 121 for supporting the photovoltaic panel 3. A linear heat dissipation air duct 13 is formed between adjacent heat dissipation fins.

[0053] To further enhance ventilation and enable lateral connectivity between air ducts, multiple lateral connecting holes 15 are provided at the base of the heat dissipation fins or at the troughs of the metal corrugated pipes, and on the connected frame 11. These lateral connecting holes 15 connect the multiple parallel heat dissipation air ducts 13 laterally, making the airflow field inside the entire grille unit 1 more uniform, which helps to eliminate ventilation dead zones and further improve heat dissipation efficiency. The remaining structures, such as the connectors 2 and fixing components 4, are the same as in Embodiment 1.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] This embodiment provides an assembly method for a roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings, used to assemble the heat dissipation grille system as described in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2. The method includes the following steps:

[0056] S1: Place the first grille unit 1 at the starting position on the roof, so that its bottom support foot 16 is stably supported on the roof surface, and maintain a gap between the bottom of the frame 11 and the roof surface to form a bottom ventilation layer.

[0057] S2: Align the second grille unit 1 with the first grille unit 1, insert the connecting plate 21 of the second grille unit 1 into the corresponding slot 22 of the first grille unit 1, and then screw the bolt 24 into the threaded hole 23 of the connecting plate 21 to complete the fixed connection of the two grille units 1. At the same time, align the ventilation openings 14 of the two grille units 1 with each other to achieve the connection and connection of the heat dissipation air duct 13.

[0058] S3: Repeat step S2, gradually expanding and splicing in the four directions of front, back, left and right until a grid array covering the predetermined area is formed, and the heat dissipation air ducts 13 in all grid units 1 are interconnected to form a continuous ventilation network that runs through the entire array.

[0059] S4: At the edge of the grid array or at a position corresponding to the roof load-bearing structure, use the fixing component 4 to fix the grid array to the roof structure. Specifically, press the pressure block 41 onto the frame 11 of the grid unit 1, and then pass the anchor bolt 42 through the pressure block 41 and fix it to the load-bearing beam 5 of the roof or the structural layer.

[0060] S5: Lay the flexible photovoltaic panel and fix it on the top support surface 121 of the heat dissipation support rib 12 to complete the electrical connection.

[0061] Following step S5, the process also includes checking the ports of all heat dissipation ducts 13, the transverse connecting holes 15, and the bottom ventilation layer for unobstructed flow, and cleaning any construction residue. Simultaneously, removable protective nets 17 are installed at the heat dissipation duct ports along the edge of the grille array.

[0062] In summary, this invention, through its modular and lightweight grid unit design, combined with a unique connection structure and ventilation system, enables the rapid installation of a photovoltaic system with excellent heat dissipation performance on the roof without compromising the roof's waterproofing. This effectively solves many pain points in existing technologies and demonstrates significant progress and practicality.

[0063] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention; however, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and its improved concepts, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A roof heat dissipation grid system based on photovoltaic buildings, used for installing and supporting photovoltaic panels (3) on the roof of a building, characterized in that, include: Multiple grid units (1), each grid unit (1) includes a frame (11), and a heat dissipation support rib (12) is provided in the frame (11). The heat dissipation support rib (12) is used for supporting and dissipating heat from the photovoltaic panel (3), and a heat dissipation air duct (13) is formed between the heat dissipation support ribs (12). The frame (11) is provided with connectors (2) on its four sides. The connectors (2) are used to detachably fix two adjacent grid units (1) in the four directions of front, back, left and right to form a grid array covering the roof. The frame (11) is provided with a ventilation opening (14), which corresponds to the end of the heat dissipation duct (13). When adjacent grille units (1) are spliced ​​in any direction, the ventilation openings (14) of adjacent grille units (1) are aligned and connected to each other, so that the heat dissipation ducts (13) in each grille unit (1) are connected and connected at the splicing point, forming a continuous ventilation network that runs through the entire grille array. It also includes a fixing component (4) for fixing the edge of the grid array to the roof structure.

2. The roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (2) includes at least one connecting plate (21) fixedly connected to the first side and the second side of the frame (11). The first side of the frame (11) is the side where the port of the heat dissipation duct (13) is located, and the second side of the frame (11) is a side parallel to the extension direction of the heat dissipation duct (13). The other two sides of the frame (11) are provided with slots (22) corresponding to the connecting plate (21). The connecting plate (21) has a threaded hole (23), and the frame (11) has a bolt (24). The bolt (24) extends to the slot (22) and works with the threaded hole (23) to lock and fix the connecting plate (21) inserted into the slot (22).

3. The roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation support rib (12) is a continuous metal corrugated plate. The crest of the metal corrugated plate forms a support surface (121) for supporting the photovoltaic panel (3), and the trough is connected to the bottom of the frame (11). A through heat dissipation air duct (13) is formed between the two inclined surfaces of the metal corrugated plate. The metal corrugations and the frame (11) are provided with transverse connecting holes (15) so that the adjacent heat dissipation ducts (13) are connected to each other transversely.

4. The roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat dissipation support rib (12) consists of multiple parallel and spaced heat dissipation fins. The top of the heat dissipation fins forms a support surface (121) for supporting the photovoltaic panel (3), and a heat dissipation air duct (13) is formed between adjacent heat dissipation fins. The root of the heat dissipation fins and the frame (11) are provided with transverse connecting holes (15) so that the adjacent heat dissipation air ducts (13) are transversely connected to each other.

5. The roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The frame (11) is made of lightweight and high-strength material, and the bottom of the frame (11) is provided with multiple parallel and spaced support feet (16).

6. The roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: A removable protective net (17) is provided at the port of the heat dissipation air duct (13) at the edge of the grille array.

7. The roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing component (4) includes a pressure block (41) and an anchor bolt (42). The pressure block (41) is pressed onto the frame (11) of the grid unit (1) at the edge of the grid array, and the anchor bolt (42) passes through the pressure block (41) and is fixed in the load-bearing beam or structural layer of the roof.

8. A method for assembling a roof heat dissipation grille system based on photovoltaic buildings, used for assembling the heat dissipation grille system as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Place the first grid unit (1) at the starting position on the roof, so that its bottom support foot (16) is stably supported on the roof surface, and maintain a gap between the bottom of the frame (11) and the roof surface to form a bottom ventilation layer; S2: Align the second grille unit (1) with the first grille unit (1), insert the connecting plate (21) of the second grille unit (1) into the corresponding slot (22) of the first grille unit (1), and then screw the bolt (24) into the threaded hole (23) of the connecting plate (21) to complete the fixed connection of the two grille units (1), and at the same time align the ventilation openings (14) of the two grille units (1) with each other to achieve the connection of the heat dissipation air duct (13); S3: Repeat step S2, gradually expand the splicing in the four directions of front, back, left and right until a grid array covering the predetermined area is formed, and make the heat dissipation air ducts (13) in all grid units (1) interconnected to form a continuous ventilation network that runs through the entire array. S4: At the edge of the grid array or at a location corresponding to the roof load-bearing structure, use fixing components (4) to fix the grid array to the roof structure; S5: Lay the flexible photovoltaic panel (3) on the top support surface (121) of the heat dissipation support rib (12) to complete the electrical connection.

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