Method and apparatus for controlling a modular heat pump device

Abstract

A heating apparatus comprises one or more modular heat pumps connected to a heat source and powered by an electricity grid. The arrangement further comprises an accumulator tank connected to the heat pumps, an electric direct-fired heater located within the accumulator tank and powered by the electricity grid, and an external heat exchanger connected to the accumulator tank and to a hot mains water system. A controller is configured to control operation of the heating apparatus and to configure an operating temperature range of a fluid in the accumulator tank based on a trigger signal indicative of normal supply of electricity, surplus of electricity or deficit of electricity in the electricity grid. When the trigger signal is indicative of normal supply of electricity, the controller configures the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a first temperature range, when the trigger signal is indicative of surplus of electricity, the controller configures the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a second temperature range, and when the trigger signal is indicative of deficit of electricity, the controller configures the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a third temperature range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This technology relates to the field of residential heating systems, with a particular focus on energy-efficient and environmentally friendly solutions for providing space heating and hot tap water in residential buildings. This includes integrating heat pumps, energy storage tanks, and control systems to optimize the use of electricity from the grid and renewable energy sources. Background Technology

[0002] Heat pumps are widely used to provide heating solutions in residential and commercial buildings. These systems are known for their energy efficiency and ability to provide both heating and cooling. Heat pumps work by transferring heat from a heat source, such as air or water, to radiators (such as inside a building or in an energy storage tank). The efficiency of a heat pump is typically measured by its coefficient of performance (COP), which is the ratio of heat output to electrical power input.

[0003] In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power for electricity generation. However, these energy sources are intermittent and can lead to fluctuations in electricity supply. This presents a challenge for heat pump systems, as their performance and efficiency can be negatively affected by these fluctuations.

[0004] Current heat pump control solutions are designed to provide the best COP under the assumption of a stable power supply. This design does not account for fluctuations in power supply, resulting in inefficient operation during periods of power instability. Furthermore, these control solutions may lack adaptive control algorithms that can adjust to changing power supply conditions, leading to suboptimal performance and lower operating costs.

[0005] Additionally, heat pump systems may lack the management capabilities to handle fluctuations in power supply. This can lead to inefficient operation during periods of unstable power supply, as the system cannot store excess energy during periods of high supply or draw from stored energy during periods of low supply.

[0006] Some existing technological solutions for heat pump systems involve using two accumulator tanks: one for storing heat (acting as a thermal battery) and the other for heating tap water. However, using two accumulator tanks increases cost and complexity.

[0007] Furthermore, some existing technology solutions for small heat pump units (up to 10 kW) can only be designed for temperatures up to 60 degrees Celsius, thus limiting the ability of small heat pump units to accumulate excess heat energy within the 55 to 60 degrees Celsius range required for hot tap water.

[0008] Therefore, there is a need for an improved heat pump control solution that can adapt to fluctuations in power supply, provide efficient operation during periods of unstable power supply, and effectively manage energy storage and utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0009] According to a first aspect of this disclosure, a heating device is provided, comprising one or more modular heat pumps connected to a heat source and powered by a power grid. The heating device further comprises: an energy storage tank connected to the one or more modular heat pumps; a direct-heating electric heater located within the energy storage tank and powered by the power grid; an external heat exchanger connected to the energy storage tank and connected to a hot water supply system; and a controller configured to control the operation of the heating device and to configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank based on a trigger signal indicating normal power supply, power surplus, or power shortage in the power grid. The controller is configured to: when a trigger signal indicates a normal power supply, configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a first temperature range; when a trigger signal indicates an excess of power, configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range; and when a trigger signal indicates an insufficient power supply, configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a third temperature range, wherein the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range. This aspect of the present disclosure provides the advantage of optimizing the use of electricity from the grid, thereby reducing energy costs and improving energy efficiency.

[0010] This aspect of the disclosure further provides the advantage of having a dual purpose of an accumulator tank. This is achieved by the possibility of controlling the operating temperature range in the accumulator tank based on the indication of a trigger signal, ensuring that the temperature range does not fall far below the temperature required for hot tap water. Because the first temperature range is near the temperature of the hot tap water, the third temperature range is preferably near the first temperature range.

[0011] The term "normal power supply" is also referred to herein as normal mode or normal mode operation. The term "excess power" is also referred to herein as charging mode or charging mode operation. The term "insufficient power" is also referred to herein as discharging mode or discharging mode operation. Therefore, when the controller is configured to configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a first temperature range, the heating equipment operates in normal mode. When the controller is configured to configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a second temperature range, the heating equipment operates in charging mode. When the controller is configured to configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank to a third temperature range, the heating equipment operates in discharging mode. Therefore, the operating mode of the heating equipment can be normal mode, charging mode, or discharging mode.

[0012] Based on some embodiments, the heating equipment further includes a space heating system connected to the output of one or more modular heat pumps, wherein a controller regulates the operation of the space heating system based on space heating demand. This provides the advantages of efficiently managing the heating demand of the space, thereby ensuring optimal comfort while minimizing energy consumption.

[0013] According to some embodiments, the heating equipment further includes a first three-way valve connected to a return pipe from the output of one or more modular heat pumps, a first connection to the accumulator tank, and a return pipe from the space heating system. The first three-way valve is configured to control the flow of heat to the accumulator tank or the space heating system based on space heating demand or heating demand from the hot water system. The heating equipment also includes a second three-way valve connected to a supply pipe from the output of one or more modular heat pumps, a third connection to the accumulator tank, and a supply pipe to the space heating system. The second three-way valve is configured to control the flow of heat from the accumulator tank based on the operating mode of the heating equipment and the space heating demand. This provides the advantage of efficiently directing heat to where it is most needed, thereby ensuring efficient energy use and maintaining optimal temperatures in both the accumulator tank and the space heating system.

[0014] According to some embodiments, if a trigger signal indicates insufficient power and the space heating system requires heat, a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve are configured to direct heat from the accumulator tank to the space heating system. This provides the advantage of efficiently utilizing the heat stored in the accumulator tank to meet the heating needs of the space heating system during periods of insufficient power on the grid.

[0015] According to some embodiments, if a trigger signal indicates insufficient power, the controller is configured to disable the direct-heating electric heater and one or more modular heat pumps. This provides the advantage of saving electricity during periods of power shortage on the grid, thereby ensuring that heating equipment does not place a further burden on the grid.

[0016] In some embodiments, the trigger signal is generated based on at least one of the following: real-time electricity market price; availability of excess energy from renewable energy sources; the difference between the power generated from solar panels and the current electricity demand in the associated house or apartment; or the electricity supply level in the grid with different thresholds indicating surplus, normal, or insufficient conditions. This provides the advantage of dynamically adjusting the operating temperature range of the energy storage tank based on various factors affecting electricity supply and demand, thereby ensuring efficient energy use and minimizing energy costs.

[0017] In some embodiments, the trigger signal is generated based on information about frequency balancing of the power grid. If the information indicates a need to increase the frequency in the grid, the trigger signal indicates a power shortage; conversely, if the information indicates a need to decrease the frequency in the grid, the trigger signal indicates a power surplus. This provides the advantage of helping to maintain grid stability by balancing power supply and demand, thereby reducing the risk of power outages or voltage shortages.

[0018] In some embodiments, the heat source is either an air-based heat source or a water-based heat source. This provides the advantage of flexibility in heat source selection, thereby ensuring compatibility with a wide variety of heating systems and environments.

[0019] According to some embodiments, each modular heat pump has a height between 25 cm and 45 cm, a width between 15 cm and 35 cm, and a depth between 45 cm and 65 cm. This provides the advantage of a compact and portable design, allowing for easy installation and integration into various types of buildings and spaces.

[0020] According to some embodiments, the one or more modular heat pumps include a frequency-controlled compressor with a power range of 1 kW to 6 kW thermal energy. This provides the advantage of allowing precise control of heat output, thereby ensuring optimal performance and energy efficiency.

[0021] According to some embodiments, the accumulator tank stores 70 to 200 liters of fluid. This provides the advantage of adapting to a variety of storage capacities, thereby ensuring compatibility with different heating system requirements and building sizes.

[0022] According to some embodiments, the accumulator tank, external heat exchanger, first three-way valve, second three-way valve, and direct-heating electric heater are each structured and configured to manage temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius. This provides the advantage of ensuring that the heating equipment can handle high temperatures, thereby ensuring safe and efficient operation.

[0023] According to some embodiments, a first temperature range is between 45°C and 55°C, a second temperature range is between 70°C and 80°C or between 80°C and 90°C, and a third temperature range is between 40°C and 45°C. Therefore, the lowest temperature in the second temperature range is preferably higher than the highest temperature in the first temperature range. This provides the advantage of defining specific temperature ranges for each operating mode, thereby ensuring optimal performance and energy efficiency.

[0024] According to a second aspect of this disclosure, a method is provided for configuring the operating temperature range of an energy storage tank in a heating device according to the first aspect. The method includes: monitoring a trigger signal indicating normal power supply, power surplus, or power shortage in the power grid; configuring the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank to a first temperature range when the trigger signal indicates normal power supply; configuring the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range when the trigger signal indicates power surplus; and configuring the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank to a third temperature range when the trigger signal indicates power shortage, wherein the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range. This aspect of the present disclosure provides the advantage of dynamically adjusting the operating temperature range of the energy storage tank based on the power supply and demand in the power grid, thereby ensuring efficient energy use and minimizing energy costs.

[0025] According to some embodiments, a first temperature range is between 45 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius, a second temperature range is between 70 degrees Celsius and 80 degrees Celsius or between 80 degrees Celsius and 90 degrees Celsius, and a third temperature range is between 40 degrees Celsius and 45 degrees Celsius. This provides the advantage of defining specific temperature ranges for each operating mode, thereby ensuring optimal performance and energy efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The example is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic representation of a heating system, which includes: a heat pump; an energy storage tank; a direct-heating electric heater; an external heat exchanger and its connection to the energy storage tank and the hot water supply system; a controller and its connection to the various components of the heating system; a first three-way valve and a second three-way valve and their connection to the heat pump, the energy storage tank, and the space heating system.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a flowchart illustrating a method for configuring the operating temperature range in the accumulator tank of a heating system.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic representation of the first three-way valve configuration and the second three-way valve configuration when space heating is required during operation in discharge mode. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The detailed description set forth below provides information and examples of the disclosed technology in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic representation of a heating system 100 is shown, comprising various components and their connections. The heating system 100 includes one or more modular heat pumps 105a, 105b, which are connected to a heat source 170 on their input side and powered by a power grid 195. Hereinafter, "one or more modular heat pumps 105a, 105b" will also be referred to as "heat pumps 105a, 105b". A pump 132 and an accumulator tank 110 are connected to the output side of the heat pumps 105a, 105b via a first connection 141, a second connection 142, and a third connection 143. A direct-heating electric heater 115 is located within the accumulator tank 110 and is powered by the power grid 195. An external heat exchanger 120 has a first side connected to the accumulator tank 110 and the pump 130, and a second side connected to a hot water supply system 190. Controller 125 is configured to control the operation of heating equipment 100 and to configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 based on trigger signal 150, which indicates normal power supply, power surplus, or power shortage in the power grid 195. The term "normal power supply" is also referred to herein as normal mode or normal mode operation. The term "power surplus" is also referred to herein as charging mode or charging mode operation. The term "power shortage" is also referred to herein as discharging mode or discharging mode operation. Controller 125 also controls the operation of the heat pump based on the actual temperature of the fluid in accumulator tank 155, tap water demand 165, and the operating temperature range. Optionally, in some examples, heating equipment 100 further includes a space heating system 180 connected to the output of the heat pump, wherein controller 125 controls the operation of space heating system 180 based on space heating demand 160.

[0032] The heating equipment 100 further includes a first three-way valve 135, which is connected to a return pipe from the output of heat pumps 105a and 105b, a first connection 141 of the accumulator tank, and a return pipe from the space heating system. The first three-way valve 135 controls the flow of heat to the accumulator tank 110 or to the space heating system 180 based on the heating demand of the space heating system 180 or the heating demand of the hot water system 190. A second three-way valve 140 is connected to a supply pipe from the output of heat pumps 105a and 105b, a third connection of the accumulator tank 143, and a supply pipe to the space heating system. The second three-way valve 140 controls the flow of heat from the accumulator tank 110 based on the operating mode of the heating equipment 100 and the heating demand of the space heating system 180.

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for configuring the operating temperature range in an energy storage tank 110 of a heating system 100. The method includes: monitoring a trigger signal 150 (210); configuring the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank 110 as a first temperature range when the trigger signal 150 indicates a normal power supply (220); configuring the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank 110 as a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range when the trigger signal 150 indicates an excess power supply (230); and configuring the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank 110 as a third temperature range when the trigger signal 150 indicates an insufficient power supply (240). In one example, the third temperature range at least partially overlaps with the first temperature range; in another example, the third temperature range is the same as the first temperature range; and in yet another example, the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

[0034] Figure 3This is a schematic representation of the first and second three-way valve configurations when space heating is required during operation in discharge mode. The first three-way valve 135 is connected to the return pipe from the output of heat pumps 105a and 105b, the first connection 141 of the accumulator tank 110, and the return pipe from the space heating system 180. The first three-way valve 135 controls the heat flow to the accumulator tank 110 or the space heating system 180 based on the heating demand of the space heating or the heating demand of the hot water system. The second three-way valve 140 is connected to the supply pipe from the output of heat pumps 105a and 105b, the third connection 143 of the accumulator tank 110, and the supply pipe to the space heating system 180. The second three-way valve 140 controls the heat flow from the accumulator tank 110 based on the operating mode of the heating equipment 100 and the heating demand of the space heating system 180. When the controller 125 is configured to operate in discharge mode and requires space heating, the first three-way valve 135 and the second three-way valve 140 are configured such that the third connection 143 of the accumulator tank 110 serves as the inlet 146 and the second connection 142 of the accumulator tank 110 serves as the outlet 146.

[0035] 2. Component Details

[0036] This section provides a detailed description of the various components of the heating equipment 100 (and in some examples, more specifically, the domestic heating equipment (DHA)) and the interactions between these components.

[0037] 2.1. Modular heat pump

[0038] The DHA comprises one or more modular heat pumps 105a, 105b. These modular heat pumps are designed to be compact, replaceable, and easy to transport, thus allowing for convenient installation and maintenance. In some examples, each heat pump module may have a height between 25 cm and 45 cm, a width between 15 cm and 35 cm, and a depth between 45 cm and 65 cm.

[0039] 2.1.1. Functionality and Interaction with Other Components

[0040] Heat pumps 105a and 105b are connected to heat source 170 on the input side and are powered by grid 195. The heat pumps extract heat from heat source 170 and transfer it to accumulator tank 110 on the output side. Controller 125 controls the operation of heat pumps 105a and 105b based on trigger signal 150, hot water demand 165, space heating demand 160, and actual accumulator tank fluid temperature 155. This allows the DHA to efficiently manage the heating demand of space heating system 180 and hot water system 190.

[0041] 2.2. Heat source

[0042] Heat source 170 provides the necessary heat input for the operation of heat pumps 105a and 105b.

[0043] 2.2.1. Air-based heat sources or water-based heat sources

[0044] In one example, heat source 170 can be an air-based heat source, and one or more modular heat pumps 105a, 105b are air / water heat pumps. In another example, heat source 170 can be a water-based heat source, and one or more modular heat pumps 105a, 105b are water / water heat pumps. This allows DHA to be compatible with a variety of heat sources, providing flexibility in installation and operation.

[0045] 2.3. Accumulator Tank

[0046] The accumulator tank 110 is connected to the output side of the heat pumps 105a and 105b and stores the heat generated by the heat pumps. The accumulator tank 110 has a fluid storage capacity of 70 liters to 200 liters, the fluid of which can be tap water, purified water or distilled water, and can withstand temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0047] 2.3.1. Connectors and Specifications

[0048] The accumulator tank 110 includes a first connector 141, a second connector 142, and a third connector 143. The first connector 141 is connected to the lower portion of the accumulator tank and serves as an outlet when the accumulator tank is charged in normal and charging modes. The second connector 142 is connected to the upper portion of the accumulator tank and serves as an outlet when space heating is required in discharge mode, and as an inlet when the accumulator tank is charged in normal and charging modes. The third connector 143 is connected between the first and second connectors, preferably in the lower portion of the accumulator tank, and serves as an inlet in discharge mode.

[0049] 2.4. Direct-heating electric heater

[0050] The direct-heating electric heater 115 is located inside the accumulator tank 110 and is powered by the power grid 195. The direct-heating electric heater 115 is made of heat-resistant material capable of withstanding temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0051] 2.4.1. Functionality and Interaction with the Controller

[0052] The controller 125 controls the operation of the direct-heating electric heater 115 based on a trigger signal 150, hot water demand 165, actual accumulator tank fluid temperature 155, and optionally, space heating demand 160. In some examples, if the trigger signal indicates normal mode operation (i.e., power supply is normal) and the hot water demand is high while the accumulator tank fluid temperature is low, the controller can activate the direct-heating electric heater to quickly heat the water in the accumulator tank to meet the demand. If the trigger signal indicates charging mode operation (i.e., power surplus), the controller can activate the direct-heating electric heater to heat the water in the accumulator tank to a temperature higher than that the heat pump can deliver (above 60 to 65 degrees Celsius). If the trigger signal indicates discharging mode operation (i.e., power deficiency), the controller can deactivate the direct-heating electric heater. Furthermore, the controller 125 may be a processor or processing unit.

[0053] 2.5. External heat exchanger

[0054] An external heat exchanger 120 is connected to an accumulator tank 110 on one side and to a hot water system 190 on the second side. The external heat exchanger 120 is designed to withstand temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0055] 2.5.1. Connectors and Specifications

[0056] A first side of the external heat exchanger 120 is connected to a pump 130, which controls the fluid flow from the accumulator tank to the heat exchanger, thereby producing hot tap water at approximately 45°C to 47°C. In one example, a first fluid flow rate is configured during normal operation. In some examples, the pump 130 is configured to have a second fluid flow rate to the heat exchanger when the fluid temperature in the accumulator tank is above a first temperature range (i.e., the temperature range under normal operation). The second fluid flow rate may depend on excess heat. This ensures that hot tap water at approximately 45°C to 47°C is produced even when excess heat is stored in the accumulator tank, as is possible during charging and discharging operation, thus eliminating the risk of the hot tap water becoming overheated. A second side of the external heat exchanger 120 is connected to a hot water system 190, thereby providing heated water for domestic use.

[0057] 2.6 First three-way valve and second three-way valve

[0058] A first three-way valve 135 is connected to a return pipe from the output terminals of heat pumps 105a and 105b, a first connection 141 of the accumulator tank, and a return pipe from the space heating system. The first three-way valve 135 controls the heat flow to the accumulator tank 110 or the space heating system 180 based on the heating demand of the space heating system 180 or the hot water system 190. A second three-way valve 140 is connected to a supply pipe from the output terminals of heat pumps 105a and 105b, a third connection of the accumulator tank 143, and a supply pipe to the space heating system. The second three-way valve 140 controls the heat flow from the accumulator tank 110 based on the DHA operating mode and the heating demand of the space heating system 180.

[0059] The first three-way valve 135 and the second three-way valve 140 can be of various types, such as on / off actuated three-way valves or variable actuated three-way valves.

[0060] 3. Method Details

[0061] The Method Details section provides a detailed explanation of the steps involved in the operation temperature range of the accumulator tank 110 in the configuration of the heating equipment 100. The method includes: monitoring 210 for a trigger signal 150; configuring 220 of the operation temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank 110 as a first temperature range when the trigger signal 150 indicates normal mode operation (i.e., normal power supply); configuring 230 of the operation temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank 110 as a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range when the trigger signal 150 indicates charging mode operation (i.e., excess power); and configuring 240 of the operation temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank 110 as a third temperature range when the trigger signal 150 indicates discharging mode operation (i.e., insufficient power). In one example, the third temperature range at least partially overlaps with the first temperature range. In another example, the third temperature range is the same as the first temperature range. In yet another example, the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

[0062] 3.1. Monitor trigger signals

[0063] The method involves monitoring a trigger signal 150, which in one example indicates whether the power supply in the power grid 195 is normal (normal mode), there is a power surplus (charging mode), or there is a power shortage (discharging mode).

[0064] The trigger signal 150 can be generated based on various factors, such as: real-time electricity market prices; the availability of excess energy from renewable energy sources; the difference between the power generated from solar panels and the current electricity demand in the associated house or apartment; or the power supply level in the power grid 195 with different thresholds indicating surplus, normal, or shortage conditions.

[0065] For example, if the market price is 50% lower than the average market price (over a period of time, such as a day, a week, or a month), an electricity surplus can be identified, and if the market price is 50% higher than the average market price, an electricity deficit can be identified. Other thresholds can also be used, such as below 75% and above 75%. As another example, if the difference between the power generated from solar panels and the current electricity demand in the associated house or apartment is greater than zero, an surplus can be identified, and if the power generated from solar panels is zero, a deficit can be identified.

[0066] In another example, the trigger signal could be generated based on information regarding frequency balancing of grid 195. As an example, in an AC grid with a nominal frequency of 50 Hz, the frequency should be within (49.8, 50.2) Hz, preferably within (49.9, 50.1) Hz. For instance, if the information indicates a need to increase the frequency in grid 195, a power shortage in the grid is determined, and if the information indicates a need to decrease the frequency in the grid, a power surplus in the grid is determined. If no such frequency balancing information is received, normal supply is determined. The frequency balancing information can be received by the grid frequency balancing service provider associated with the DHA.

[0067] 3.1.1. Purpose and Interaction with Other Steps

[0068] The monitoring trigger signal 150 allows the controller 125 to determine the appropriate operating mode for the DHA and accordingly configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank 110. This provides the DHA with efficient and energy-saving operation and also helps to maintain grid stability by balancing power supply and demand, thereby reducing the risk of power outages or insufficient voltage.

[0069] 3.2. Configure operating temperature range

[0070] Based on the detected trigger signal 150, the controller 125 configures the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank 110.

[0071] 3.2.1. Normal Mode Operation

[0072] If trigger signal 150 indicates normal mode operation, controller 125 configures 220 the operating temperature range of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 as a first temperature range. This allows the DHA to efficiently meet the heating needs of space heating system 180 and hot water supply system 190 during normal operation. A typical first temperature range can be between 45 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius.

[0073] 3.2.2. Operation in charging mode

[0074] If trigger signal 150 indicates charging mode operation, controller 125 configures the operating temperature range 230 of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range. A typical second temperature range may be between 70 and 80 degrees Celsius or between 80 and 90 degrees Celsius; that is, the lowest temperature in the second temperature range is preferably higher than the highest temperature in the first temperature range. This allows the DHA to store excess heat during periods of surplus power in the grid, which can then be used later during periods of higher demand or lower power supply.

[0075] 3.2.3. Discharge Mode Operation

[0076] If trigger signal 150 indicates operation in discharge mode, controller 125 configures the operating temperature range 240 of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 as a third temperature range, wherein the lowest temperature within the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature within the first temperature range. A typical third temperature range may be between 40 and 45 degrees Celsius. Other examples of third temperature ranges may be between 42 and 52 degrees Celsius, or between 45 and 55 degrees Celsius. This allows the DHA to efficiently utilize stored heat during periods of insufficient power on the grid, thereby reducing the need for additional power consumption.

[0077] 4. Operation process

[0078] The operation of the heating equipment involves different operating modes, including normal mode, charging mode, and discharging mode. These modes are determined based on trigger signal 150, which indicates the power supply in the power grid 195. The operation process ensures efficient energy use and optimal heating performance for both the space heating system and the hot water system.

[0079] 4.1. Normal Mode Operation

[0080] In one example, when trigger signal 150 indicates normal mode operation, controller 125 configures the operating temperature range of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 as a first temperature range. The first temperature range may be between 45 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius. Other examples of the first temperature range may be between 45 degrees Celsius and 50 degrees Celsius or between 55 degrees Celsius and 60 degrees Celsius. During normal mode operation, heat pumps 105a and 105b and the direct-heating electric heater 115 may work together to maintain the temperature within accumulator tank 110 within the first temperature range.

[0081] Controller 125 monitors the actual accumulator tank fluid temperature 155, hot tap water demand 165, and space heating demand 160. Based on these parameters and the configured operating temperature range, controller 125 enables or disables one or more heat pumps 105a, 105b and direct-heating electric heaters 115 to maintain the desired temperature within accumulator tank 110. A first three-way valve 135 controls the flow of heat to accumulator tank 110 or space heating system 180 based on the heating demand of the space heating or the hot tap water system.

[0082] 4.2. Operating in charging mode

[0083] In some examples, when trigger signal 150 indicates operation in charging mode, controller 125 configures the operating temperature range of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range. The second temperature range may be between 70°C and 80°C, 70°C and 90°C, or 80°C and 90°C. During charging mode operation, heat pumps 105a and 105b and direct-heating electric heater 115 can be activated and may work together to raise the temperature within accumulator tank 110 to store excess heat.

[0084] The controller 125 monitors the actual fluid temperature 155 in the accumulator tank and adjusts the operation of the heat pumps 105a and 105b and the direct-heating electric heater 115 accordingly. The first three-way valve 135 controls the flow of heat to the accumulator tank 110 or the space heating system 180 based on the heating demand of the space heating or the heating demand of the hot water system.

[0085] The charging mode operation utilizes excess electricity from the grid 195, allowing the DHA to store excess heat in the accumulator tank 110 for later use. This operating mode helps reduce costs for DHA users and improves the overall energy efficiency of the DHA.

[0086] 4.3. Discharge Mode Operation

[0087] In one example, when trigger signal 150 indicates operation in discharge mode, controller 125 configures the operating temperature range of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 as a third temperature range, wherein the lowest temperature within the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature within the first temperature range. This third temperature range may be between 40 degrees Celsius and 45 degrees Celsius. In another example, the third temperature range at least partially overlaps with the first temperature range. This third temperature range may be between 42 degrees Celsius and 52 degrees Celsius. In yet another example, the third temperature range is the same as the first temperature range. This third temperature range may be between 45 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius.

[0088] During discharge mode operation, controller 125 disables the direct-heating electric heater 115 and heat pumps 105a, 105b. First three-way valve 135 and second three-way valve 140 control the heat flow from accumulator tank 110 to the space heating system 180 based on the heating demand of the space heating system. In some examples, if both the space heating and the hot water system require heat, the controller can configure first three-way valve 135 and second three-way valve 140 such that excess heat from accumulator tank 110 can be transferred to the space heating system and pump 130 can be configured to a second flow rate to simultaneously generate hot water for the system. This has the effect of simultaneously meeting both heating needs, thereby improving the quality of DHA service provided to users.

[0089] In one example, the first three-way valve 135 and the second three-way valve 140 can be on / off actuated three-way valves. This has the advantage of low complexity and thus achieves a robust valve solution.

[0090] In the second example, the second three-way valve 140 can be a variable-actuated three-way valve. The first three-way valve 135 can be an on / off actuated three-way valve or a variable-actuated three-way valve. This has the advantage of allowing for gradual adjustment of the fluid temperature from the accumulator tank 110 to the space heating system 180 during discharge mode operation, thus providing smoother space heating operation.

[0091] Discharge mode operation allows the DHA to utilize the heat stored in accumulator tank 110 to meet the heating needs of the space heating system 180 and the hot water system 190, thereby reducing the electricity demand on the grid 195 during periods of power shortage. This operating mode helps reduce costs for DHA users and improve the overall energy efficiency of the DHA.

[0092] 5. Technical Specifications

[0093] Heating equipment 100 may include various technical specifications that facilitate its efficient operation and adaptability to different scenarios and requirements. These technical specifications are described in detail in the following sections.

[0094] 5.1. Heat pump module dimensions

[0095] In some examples, each heat pump module 105a, 105b can have a height between 25 cm and 45 cm, a width between 15 cm and 35 cm, and a depth between 45 cm and 65 cm. These dimensions allow for easy replacement of the heat pump modules when maintenance is required, thus enabling the DHA to be customized to the specific heating needs of a residence. The compact size of the heat pump modules also allows for easy installation and maintenance, as well as efficient use of space within the DHA 100.

[0096] 5.2. Frequency-controlled compressor power range

[0097] In one example, heat pumps 105a and 105b may include a frequency-controlled compressor with a power range of 1 kW to 6 kW of thermal energy; in another example, these heat pumps may have a power range of 0.5 kW to 10 kW; and in yet another example, these heat pumps may have a power range of 0.25 kW to 12 kW. The use of a frequency-controlled compressor allows for precise control of the heat pump's operating output power, thereby reducing the need for on / off control of the heat pump and ensuring optimal performance, reliability, and energy efficiency. By adjusting the compressor's power output based on space heating needs and the DHA 100's operating mode, the system can minimize energy consumption and reduce operating costs.

[0098] 5.3. Storage capacity of accumulator tank

[0099] In some examples, the accumulator tank 110 can store 70 to 200 liters of fluid. This storage capacity allows the DHA to adapt to a variety of heating needs and requirements for residential applications, providing flexibility for its application. The accumulator tank 110 can store heated fluid within different temperature ranges according to the operating mode of the DHA 100, as determined by the controller 125 based on the trigger signal 150. This allows the DHA 100 to store excess heat when needed, thereby optimizing energy efficiency.

[0100] 5.4. Temperature Management

[0101] In some examples, the accumulator tank 110, the external heat exchanger 120, the first three-way valve 135, the second three-way valve 140, and the direct-heating electric heater 115 can manage temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0102] The ability to manage high temperatures also contributes to the efficient operation of the DHA, as it allows the system to store and distribute heat based on operating modes and heating demands. For example, during charging mode operation, when trigger signal 150 indicates excess power in the grid 195, controller 125 can configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in accumulator tank 110 to a higher second temperature range (e.g., 70°C to 80°C, or 80°C to 90°C). This allows the DHA to store excess heat during periods of excess power, which can then be used during periods of normal or insufficient power supply.

[0103] Furthermore, the ability to manage high temperatures ensures that components of the DHA 100 (such as the accumulator tank 110, external heat exchanger 120, first three-way valve 135, second three-way valve 140, and direct-heating electric heater 115) are made of heat-resistant materials capable of withstanding temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius. This ensures the durability and lifespan of the DHA components, thereby reducing the need for frequent maintenance or replacement.

[0104] 6. Description of the Implementation Examples

[0105] This section describes in detail various embodiments of residential heating systems (DHAs), focusing on different variations in heat pump modules, heat source types, and accumulator tank sizes. These embodiments demonstrate the versatility and adaptability of DHAs to meet diverse heating requirements and preferences.

[0106] 6.1. Changes in the heat pump module

[0107] In one example, a DHA may include a single modular heat pump 105a. This configuration is suitable for smaller living spaces or situations with relatively low heating needs. A single heat pump module is easy to install and maintain, thus providing an efficient and cost-effective heating solution.

[0108] In some examples, a DHA may include multiple modular heat pumps 105a, 105b. This configuration allows for increased heating capacity and flexibility, as the heat pumps can operate individually or in combination to meet the heating needs of the space. The modular design of the heat pumps simplifies installation, maintenance, and replacement, and heating capacity can be expanded by adding more heat pump modules if needed.

[0109] The heat pump modules 105a and 105b can have a height between 25 cm and 45 cm, a width between 15 cm and 35 cm, and a depth between 45 cm and 65 cm. This compact size allows for easy installation and integration into various spaces without taking up a large footprint.

[0110] 6.2. Changes in heat source type

[0111] In one example, the heat source 170 used for DHA could be an air-based heat source. This type of heat source extracts heat from the ambient air and transfers it to heat pumps 105a and 105b. Air-based heat sources are generally more accessible and easier to install because they do not require a connection to a water source.

[0112] In some examples, heat source 170 can be a water-based heat source. This type of heat source extracts heat from water sources such as lakes, rivers, or groundwater and transfers it to heat pumps 105a, 105b. Water-based heat sources can provide higher efficiency and more stable heating performance, especially in colder climates where the water source temperature remains relatively constant.

[0113] 6.3. Changes in accumulator tank dimensions

[0114] The accumulator tank 110 in the DHA can have different storage capacities to accommodate various heating needs and preferences. In one example, the accumulator tank 110 can store 70 liters of fluid, which can be suitable for smaller living spaces or situations with relatively low heating needs.

[0115] In some examples, the accumulator tank 110 can store up to 200 liters of fluid, thus providing greater storage capacity for increased heating demand. This larger accumulator tank size may be more suitable for larger residential spaces or commercial applications with higher heating demands.

[0116] The accumulator tank 110 is designed to withstand temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius, ensuring that the DHA can be used as a thermal battery to store excess heat. The different connections (such as the first connection 141, the second connection 142, and the third connection 143) and specifications of the accumulator tank 110 allow for universal and adaptable operation to meet a variety of heating needs and preferences.

[0117] In summary, the various embodiments of the residential heating system (DHA) 100 described in this section demonstrate the versatility and adaptability of this disclosure to cater to diverse heating requirements and preferences. The modular design of the heat pump, variations in heat source types, and different accumulator tank sizes allow for customizable, highly efficient heating solutions that are easy to install, maintain, and expand as needed.

[0118] 7. Potential Applications

[0119] The DHA (Domestic Heating Equipment) 100 has a variety of potential applications in different settings and scenarios. This section describes some of these potential applications in detail, highlighting the advantages of the DHA's features and how to utilize these features in different situations.

[0120] 7.1. Residential Heating System

[0121] In one example, DHA can be used in a residential heating system to provide both space heating and hot tap water for a house or apartment. Modular heat pumps 105a and 105b can be easily installed and connected to a heat source 170 (such as an air-based or water-based heat source), depending on the specific requirements of the residential environment. An accumulator tank 110 with a fluid storage capacity of 70 to 200 liters can store heated fluid within different temperature ranges according to an operating mode determined by a controller 125 based on a trigger signal 150.

[0122] The DHA may include an external heat exchanger 120 having a first side connected to an accumulator tank 110 and a second side connected to a hot water supply system 190. This allows for efficient heat transfer between the accumulator tank 110 and the hot water supply system 190, thereby providing hot water within a desired temperature range.

[0123] The controller 125 can be configured to control the operation of the DHA based on a trigger signal 150, which indicates whether the power supply in the grid 195 is normal (normal mode), there is excess power (charging mode), or there is insufficient power (discharging mode). This allows for efficient use of the power in the grid 195.

[0124] 7.2. Integration with renewable energy

[0125] In some examples, the DHA can be directly connected to renewable energy sources such as solar or wind power. A trigger signal 150 can be generated based on the availability of excess energy from these sources, allowing the DHA to adjust its operating mode accordingly. This integration with renewable energy can help reduce the overall carbon footprint of the heating system and promote more sustainable energy consumption patterns.

[0126] When the DHA is connected to a renewable energy source, the controller 125 can configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank 110 based on a trigger signal 150, which indicates the availability of excess energy from the renewable energy source. In normal mode operation, the controller 125 can configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank 110 to a first temperature range. In charging mode operation, the controller 125 can configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank 110 to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range, and the energy storage tank functions as a thermal battery. In discharging mode operation, the controller 125 can configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the energy storage tank 110 to a third temperature range, where the lowest temperature within the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature within the first temperature range.

[0127] 7.3. Changes in the heat pump module

[0128] The DHA may include one or more modular heat pumps 105a, 105b, which can be easily installed and connected to a heat source 170 on the input side and powered by the power grid 195. Each heat pump module may have a height between 25 cm and 45 cm, a width between 15 cm and 35 cm, and a depth between 45 cm and 65 cm, making these heat pump modules suitable for a variety of installation spaces and requirements.

[0129] Heat pumps 105a and 105b may include frequency-controlled compressors with a power range of 1 kW to 6 kW of thermal energy, thereby allowing for efficient and flexible operation according to the heating needs of the space or the heating needs of the hot water system.

[0130] 7.4. Changes in heat source type

[0131] Depending on the specific requirements of the application, the DHA can be connected to different types of heat sources (such as air-based or water-based heat sources). This flexibility in heat source type allows the DHA to adapt to various settings and scenarios, thus providing efficient heating solutions for different environments.

[0132] 7.5. Changes in accumulator tank dimensions

[0133] Accumulator tank 110 can have different storage capacities, ranging from 70 liters to 200 liters of fluid, depending on the specific requirements of the application. This variation in accumulator tank size allows the DHA to adapt to different heating needs and scenarios, thus providing efficient heating solutions for a wide range of settings.

[0134] The accumulator tank 110, external heat exchanger 120, first three-way valve 135, second three-way valve 140, and direct-heating electric heater 115 can be designed to manage temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius, thereby ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the DHA in a variety of applications.

[0135] 8. Example List

[0136] Example 1: A heating device, comprising:

[0137] One or more modular heat pumps, which are connected to a heat source and powered by the power grid;

[0138] An energy storage tank, which is connected to these heat pumps;

[0139] A direct-heating electric heater, which is located inside the accumulator tank and powered by the power grid;

[0140] An external heat exchanger, connected to the accumulator tank and to the hot water supply system; and

[0141] A controller configured to control the operation of the heating equipment and to configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank based on trigger signals indicating normal power supply (normal mode), excess power (charging mode), or insufficient power (discharging mode) in the power grid, wherein the controller is configured to:

[0142] When the trigger signal indicates normal operation, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank is configured to the first temperature range.

[0143] When the trigger signal indicates that the charging mode is in operation, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank is configured to a second temperature range that is higher than the first temperature range.

[0144] When the trigger signal indicates that the discharge mode is running, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank is configured as a third temperature range, wherein the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

[0145] Example 2: The heating device as described in Example 1, the heating device further includes a space heating system connected to the output of these heat pumps, wherein the controller controls the operation of the space heating system based on the space heating demand.

[0146] Example 3: The heating device as described in Example 2 further includes: a first three-way valve connected to a return pipe from the output of the heat pumps, a first connection of the accumulator tank, and a return pipe from the space heating system, wherein the first three-way valve controls the heat flow to the accumulator tank or to the space heating system based on the heating demand of the space heating or the heating demand of the hot water system; and a second three-way valve connected to a supply pipe from the output of the heat pumps, a third connection of the accumulator tank, and a supply pipe to the space heating system, wherein the second three-way valve controls the heat flow from the accumulator tank based on the operating mode of the heating device and the heating demand of the space heating system.

[0147] Example 4: The heating device as described in Example 3, and if the heating device is in discharge mode and the space heating system requires heat, then the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve direct the heat from the accumulator tank to the space heating system.

[0148] Example 5: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 4, wherein if the operating mode of the heating device is in discharge mode, the controller disables the direct-heating electric heater and the one or more heat pumps.

[0149] Example 6: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 5, wherein the trigger signal is generated based on at least one of the following: real-time electricity market price; availability of excess energy from renewable energy sources; the difference between the power generated from solar panels and the current electricity demand in the associated house or apartment; or the level of electricity supply in the power grid having different thresholds indicating a surplus, normal, or insufficient condition.

[0150] Example 7: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 5, wherein the trigger signal is generated based on information regarding frequency balancing of the power grid, wherein if the information indicates a need to increase the frequency in the power grid, a discharge mode operation is determined, and if the information indicates a need to decrease the frequency in the power grid, a charging mode operation is determined.

[0151] Example 8: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 7, wherein the heat source is an air-based heat source or a water-based heat source.

[0152] Example 9: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 8, wherein each heat pump module has a height between 25 cm and 45 cm, a width between 15 cm and 35 cm, and a depth between 45 cm and 65 cm.

[0153] Example 10: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 9, wherein the heat pump includes a frequency-controlled compressor with a power range of 1 kW to 6 kW of thermal energy.

[0154] Example 11: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 10, wherein the accumulator tank stores 70 to 200 liters of fluid.

[0155] Example 12: A heating device as described in any one of Examples 1 to 11, wherein the accumulator tank, the external heat exchanger, the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, and the direct-heating electric heater manage temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius.

[0156] Example 13: A method for configuring an operating temperature range in an energy storage tank of a heating device according to any one of Examples 1 to 12, the method comprising:

[0157] The monitoring system detects trigger signals indicating whether the power supply in the power grid is normal (normal mode), there is a power surplus (charging mode), or there is a power shortage (discharging mode).

[0158] When the trigger signal indicates normal operation, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank is configured as the first temperature range;

[0159] When the trigger signal indicates that the charging mode is in operation, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank is configured to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range; and

[0160] When the trigger signal indicates that the discharge mode is running, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank is configured as a third temperature range, wherein the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

[0161] Example 14: The method according to Example 13, wherein the first temperature range is between 45 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius, the second temperature range is between 70 degrees Celsius and 80 degrees Celsius or between 80 degrees Celsius and 90 degrees Celsius, and the third temperature range is between 40 degrees Celsius and 45 degrees Celsius.

[0162] The terminology used herein is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit this disclosure. As used herein, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. As used herein, the term “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It should be further understood that the terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and / or “comprises” as used herein specify the presence of the stated features, wholes, behaviors, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, behaviors, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0163] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc., may be used herein to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one element from another. For example, without departing from the scope of this disclosure, a first element may be referred to as a second element, and similarly, a second element may be referred to as a first element.

[0164] In this document, relative terms such as “below,” “above,” “upper,” “lower,” “horizontal,” or “vertical” may be used to describe the relationship between one element and another as shown in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these terms, and those discussed above, are intended to cover different orientations of the device other than those depicted in the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that when an element is referred to as “connected” or “linked” to another element, it may be directly connected or linked to the other element, or there may be intermediate elements present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as “directly connected” or “directly linked” to another element, there are no intermediate elements present.

[0165] Unless otherwise defined, all terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) shall have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. It will be further understood that terms used herein shall be interpreted as having the same meaning as they have in the context of this specification and the relevant field, and shall not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly defined herein.

[0166] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the aspects described above and shown in the accompanying drawings; rather, those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes and modifications can be made within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. Aspects have been disclosed in the drawings and description for illustrative purposes only and not for limiting purposes, and the scope of this disclosure is set forth in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A heating device (100), comprising: One or more modular heat pumps (105a, 105b) are connected to a heat source (170) and powered by a power grid (195); An energy storage tank (110) is connected to one or more modular heat pumps (105a, 105b). A direct-heating electric heater (115) is located inside the accumulator tank (110) and is powered by the power grid (195); An external heat exchanger (120) is connected to the accumulator tank (110) and to the hot water supply system (190); and A controller (125) configured to control the operation of the heating equipment (100) and to configure the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank (110) based on a trigger signal (150) indicating normal power supply, power surplus, or power shortage in the power grid (195), wherein the controller (125) is configured to: When the trigger signal (150) indicates that the power supply is normal, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank (110) is configured as a first temperature range. When the trigger signal (150) indicates an excess of power, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank (110) is configured to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range, and When the trigger signal (150) indicates that the power is insufficient, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank (110) is configured as a third temperature range, wherein the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

2. The heating device (100) according to claim 1, further comprising a space heating system (180) connected to the output of the one or more modular heat pumps (105a, 105b), wherein, The controller (125) controls the operation of the space heating system (180) based on the space heating demand (160).

3. The heating equipment (100) according to claim 2, further comprising: A first three-way valve (135) is connected to a return pipe from the output of one or more modular heat pumps (105a, 105b), a first connection (141) of the accumulator tank (110), and a return pipe from the space heating system (180), wherein the first three-way valve (135) is configured to control the flow of heat to the accumulator tank (110) or to the space heating system (180) based on the space heating demand (160) or the heating demand of the hot water system. The second three-way valve (140) is connected to a supply pipe from the output of the one or more modular heat pumps (105a, 105b), a third connection (143) of the accumulator tank (110), and a supply pipe leading to the space heating system (180), wherein the second three-way valve (140) is configured to control the heat flow from the accumulator tank (110) based on the operating mode of the heating equipment (100) and based on the space heating demand (160).

4. The heating device (100) according to claim 3, and if the trigger signal indicates that the power is insufficient and the space heating system (180) needs heat, the first three-way valve (135) and the second three-way valve (140) are configured to direct the heat flow from the accumulator tank (110) to the space heating system (180).

5. The heating device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein if the trigger signal indicates that the power is insufficient, the controller (125) is configured to disable the direct-heating electric heater (115) and the one or more modular heat pumps (105a, 105b).

6. The heating equipment (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The trigger signal (150) is generated based on at least one of the following: Real-time electricity market prices The availability of excess energy from renewable energy sources The difference between the power generated by solar panels and the current electricity demand in the associated house or apartment, or The power grid (195) has different thresholds indicating excess, normal or insufficient power supply levels.

7. The heating equipment (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, The trigger signal (150) is generated based on information about frequency balancing of the power grid (195), wherein if the information indicates that the frequency in the power grid (195) needs to be increased, the trigger signal indicates insufficient power, and if the information indicates that the frequency in the power grid (195) needs to be decreased, the trigger signal indicates excess power.

8. The heating equipment (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The heat source (170) is a heat source based on air or water.

9. The heating equipment (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein, Each modular heat pump (105a, 105b) has a height between 25 cm and 45 cm, a width between 15 cm and 35 cm, and a depth between 45 cm and 65 cm.

10. The heating device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein, The one or more modular heat pumps (105a, 105b) include a frequency-controlled compressor with a power range of 1 kW to 6 kW thermal energy.

11. The heating device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein, The accumulator tank (110) stores fluids ranging from 70 liters to 200 liters.

12. The heating device (100) according to any one of claims 3 to 11 when dependent on claim 3, wherein, The accumulator tank (110), the external heat exchanger (120), the first three-way valve (135), the second three-way valve (140), and the direct-heating electric heater (115) are each structured and configured to manage temperatures up to 90 degrees Celsius.

13. The heating device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein, The first temperature range is between 45 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius, the second temperature range is between 70 degrees Celsius and 80 degrees Celsius or between 80 degrees Celsius and 90 degrees Celsius, and the third temperature range is between 40 degrees Celsius and 45 degrees Celsius.

14. A method for configuring an operating temperature range in an accumulator tank (110) of a heating device (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, the method comprising: Monitor (210) trigger signal (150), which indicates whether the power supply in the power grid (195) is normal, there is a power surplus or a power shortage; When the trigger signal (150) indicates that the power supply is normal, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank (110) is configured (220) as the first temperature range; When the trigger signal (150) indicates that there is excess power, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank (110) is configured (230) to a second temperature range higher than the first temperature range; and When the trigger signal (150) indicates that the power is insufficient, the operating temperature range of the fluid in the accumulator tank (110) is configured (240) as a third temperature range, wherein the lowest temperature in the third temperature range is lower than the lowest temperature in the first temperature range.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein, The first temperature range is between 45 degrees Celsius and 55 degrees Celsius, the second temperature range is between 70 degrees Celsius and 80 degrees Celsius or between 80 degrees Celsius and 90 degrees Celsius, and the third temperature range is between 40 degrees Celsius and 45 degrees Celsius.

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