A new high-efficiency large-flux three-dimensional mass transfer tray

Abstract

The application discloses a novel high-efficiency large-flux three-dimensional mass transfer tray and relates to the technical field of mass transfer separation towers, comprising a horizontal plate and a three-dimensional cap, wherein a plurality of air holes are formed in the lower part of each cap as gas inlets; the three-dimensional cap is divided into upper and lower two parts of a lifting section and a shunt section; the bottom of the wall surface of the lifting section is provided with a liquid hole as a channel for liquid to enter the three-dimensional cap; and the shunt section is provided with a stepped baffle structure. The novel high-efficiency large-flux three-dimensional mass transfer tray can strengthen gas-liquid mixing and effectively control entrainment of mist, and will help to simultaneously realize high efficiency and large flux of the plate tower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mass transfer separation tower technology, and more specifically to a novel, high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tower plate. Background Technology

[0002] Mass transfer separation equipment is commonly used and crucial for the purification of high-end, high-purity chemicals. Plate columns are one of the main types of mass transfer separation equipment, widely used in processes such as absorption, desorption, and distillation. Plate columns can be used under various operating pressure conditions and can handle high-viscosity, easily coking, and easily self-aggregating materials. Due to their simple structure, low cost, ease of scale-up, and side-stream extraction, plate columns have long held an important position in distillation equipment.

[0003] Plate columns are energy-intensive and high-investment mass transfer separation devices with a wide range of applications. Even small performance improvements can bring significant economic benefits. Plate columns need to be developed towards greater efficiency, energy saving, and high throughput to address the limitations imposed on their processing capacity by mist entrainment and the resulting flooding.

[0004] Therefore, how to provide a new type of high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] For commonly used tray types in the production of high-end, high-purity chemicals, such as sieve trays and valve trays, mist entrainment and the resulting flooding are often key factors limiting their processing capacity. To address this, this invention provides a novel, highly efficient, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray. By optimizing the tray's pore opening method, the liquid entry method and flow within the cap, and the three-dimensional cap structure, mist entrainment is effectively controlled while enhancing gas-liquid mixing. This will help achieve both high efficiency and high throughput in the tray column, ensuring the purity of the high-end, high-purity chemicals produced.

[0006] Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide a novel high-efficiency high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray, comprising: a horizontal plate and a plurality of three-dimensional caps, wherein the three-dimensional caps are disposed on the horizontal plate; The horizontal plate is provided with a number of air holes, which are arranged in an alternating pattern, and each air hole corresponds to one of the three-dimensional caps. The three-dimensional cap includes a lower lifting section and an upper diversion section. The bottom of the vertical wall of the lifting section is provided with liquid holes; the diversion section is provided with stepped baffles.

[0007] Preferably, the pores are divided into multiple groups, each group consisting of five hexagonal pores and two pentagonal pores arranged side by side, and a liquid bridge is formed between the hexagonal pores and pentagonal pores in each group.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid bridge is narrow in the middle and wide at both sides.

[0009] Preferably, the liquid holes are located at the bottom of the long side of the vertical wall, with 5 holes on each side and corresponding to each other on both sides. The size of the liquid holes is 10×10 mm.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid hole and the liquid bridge form a hole-bridge structure, serving as a flow channel for liquid to enter the three-dimensional cap and flow within the three-dimensional cap.

[0011] Because the liquid bridges and vents are arranged alternately, as the gas enters the cap through the vents, it drives the liquid on the liquid bridges upward. During the lifting process, the liquid is broken from a continuous ribbon into numerous tiny droplets by the airflow, which then travel through the cap's lifting section to the separation section. This breaking process during liquid lifting greatly promotes liquid surface renewal, increases the gas-liquid mass transfer contact area, and enhances the mass transfer effect. The alternating arrangement of liquid bridges and gas pores in the "hole-bridge structure" and the liquid bridge structure greatly enhance the initial gas-liquid contact area and significantly improve the liquid lifting capacity of the tray.

[0012] Preferably, the stepped partitions are arranged in a trapezoidal longitudinal interval and symmetrically distributed, and gradually penetrate deeper into the interior of the cap as the height increases, until the two partitions meet.

[0013] The stepped baffle forces the vertically rising gas-liquid mixture to deflect horizontally. Utilizing the centrifugal force generated by this horizontal deflection and the density difference between the gas and liquid phases, the fine droplets originally carried by the airflow are thrown towards the stepped baffle and coalesce into a continuous liquid, effectively reducing the mist content in the gas phase. Simultaneously, the droplets impacting the stepped baffle and converging into a continuous liquid completes surface renewal, thus enhancing mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases.

[0014] The gas-liquid contact method and the hole-bridge structure of the cap of the high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of this invention can effectively reduce the mass transfer resistance on the liquid film side, significantly improve the liquid lifting capacity, and improve the efficiency of the single-plate liquid phase Moffert tray.

[0015] Preferably, the three-dimensional caps are arranged in an alternating pattern on the horizontal plate, which can better improve the liquid flow on the plate and reduce the dead zone of the liquid phase flow.

[0016] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects: (1) Compared with sieve trays and F1 floating valve trays, the high-efficiency high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention has extremely low mist entrainment, which is only 4.55% of that of sieve trays on average.

[0017] (2) The single-plate liquid phase Moffert plate efficiency of the high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention is significantly better than that of traditional trays at high gas velocities, when the gas phase pore kinetic energy factor is 24.0 Pa. 0.5At that time, the efficiency of the liquid phase Mervey plate was improved by 6.70% compared with the sieve plate.

[0018] (3) The dry plate pressure drop of the high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention is similar to that of the sieve tray under experimental conditions and is less than that of the F1 floating valve tray, especially in the range of higher gas phase plate hole kinetic energy factor.

[0019] (4) The wet plate pressure drop of the high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention is much lower than that of the F1 floating valve tray, and when the gas phase load is less than a certain value, its wet plate pressure drop is significantly lower than that of the sieve tray.

[0020] (5) The high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention has a much smaller leakage rate than the sieve tray and a slightly larger leakage rate than the F1 floating valve tray under low gas phase load.

[0021] (6) The relative liquid lift of the high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention is 30% to 50% higher than that of other three-dimensional jet trays, which is particularly significant under high gas-liquid load. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the three-dimensional capping device for the high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tower plate of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a front view of the three-dimensional capping device for the high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the three-dimensional capping device for the high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal plate opening of the three-dimensional cap device for the high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the entrainment rate of the flux mass transfer tray of this invention with other conventional trays. Figure 6 This is a comparison chart of the liquid phase Mofferty plate efficiency of the high-throughput mass transfer tray of this invention with other conventional trays. Figure 7 This is a comparison chart of the dry plate pressure drop of the high-throughput mass transfer tray of this invention with other conventional trays. Figure 8 This is a comparison chart of the wet plate pressure drop of the high-throughput mass transfer tray of this invention with other conventional trays. Figure 9This is a comparison chart of the leakage rate of the high-throughput mass transfer tray of this invention with other conventional trays. Figure 10 This is a graph showing the variation of absolute liquid lift of the high-throughput mass transfer tray of the present invention with gas phase load and clear liquid layer height. Among them, 1 is a horizontal plate; 2 is a three-dimensional cap; 21 is a three-dimensional cap lifting section; 22 is a three-dimensional cap diversion section; 3 is a stepped baffle; 4 is a liquid hole; 5 is a gas hole; 6 is a liquid bridge; and 7 is an overflow weir. Detailed Implementation

[0024] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] Example 1 See Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a novel, high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray, comprising: a horizontal plate 1 and several three-dimensional caps 2, wherein the three-dimensional caps 2 are disposed on the horizontal plate 1; The horizontal plate 1 is provided with a number of air holes 5, which are arranged in an alternating pattern, and the air holes 5 correspond one-to-one with the three-dimensional cap 2. The three-dimensional cap 2 includes a lower lifting section 21 and an upper diversion section 22. The bottom of the vertical wall of the lifting section 21 is provided with a liquid hole 4; the diversion section is provided with a stepped partition 3.

[0030] In this embodiment, the horizontal plate 1 has a thickness of 4 mm and a diameter of 796 mm, the overflow weir 7 has a length of 504 mm and a weir height of 50 mm.

[0031] Ten three-dimensional hat covers 2 are set on the horizontal plate 1 in a “3-4-3” layout, arranged in 3 rows. The row spacing of the three-dimensional hat covers 2 is 60 mm, and the spacing between the three-dimensional hat covers 2 in each row is 120 mm.

[0032] The pores 5 are divided into multiple groups, each group consisting of five hexagonal pores and two pentagonal pores arranged side by side, and liquid bridges 6 are formed between the hexagonal pores and pentagonal pores in each group.

[0033] The pores 5 of the above-mentioned shape can reduce the resistance of gas when it passes through, and at the same time greatly enhance the initial contact area between gas and liquid, thereby greatly increasing the relative liquid lift, improving the tray throughput and mass transfer efficiency. The relative liquid lift of the high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of the present invention is 30% to 50% higher than that of other three-dimensional mass transfer trays, which is particularly significant under high gas-liquid load.

[0034] The hexagonal shape of the pore 5 results in the liquid bridge 6 being a concave hexagon, wider in the middle and narrower at the sides, similar to the distribution of liquid when passing through a liquid bridge in reality. This further enhances the initial gas-liquid contact area and increases the relative liquid lift. The dry plate pressure drop of the high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray of this invention is lower, similar to that of a sieve tray under experimental conditions, and lower than that of an F1 floating valve tray, especially in the range of higher gas phase plate pore kinetic energy factors.

[0035] The liquid bridge 6 located below the three-dimensional cap 2 on the horizontal plate 1 has a width of 6 mm in the middle and 10 mm on both sides. Its shape is a concave hexagon with a wider middle and narrower sides due to the influence of the shape of the vent. This better matches the actual distribution of liquid when passing through the liquid bridge, which is beneficial for gas-liquid contact and liquid phase lifting.

[0036] The vertical wall thickness of the lifting section 21 and the diversion section 22 of the three-dimensional cap 2 is 2 mm.

[0037] The lifting section 21 is a vertical wall with a width of 120 mm and a height of 100 mm. Five liquid holes 4 with a size of 10×10 mm and a spacing of 10 mm are provided at its bottom.

[0038] The liquid holes 4 on both sides of the lifting section 21 correspond one-to-one and are connected by liquid bridges 6, forming a "hole-bridge structure". This structure serves as a channel for the liquid to enter the three-dimensional cap 2 and flow within it. During the lifting process, the liquid is broken from a continuous ribbon into numerous tiny droplets by the airflow, passing through the cap lifting section and reaching the separation section. The breaking process during liquid lifting greatly promotes liquid surface renewal, increases the gas-liquid mass transfer contact area, and enhances the mass transfer effect.

[0039] The liquid holes 4 spaced apart at the bottom of the lifting section 21, together with the "hole-bridge structure" formed by connecting the liquid holes 4 on the opposite side by the liquid bridge 6, have better resistance to liquid flow impact. The leakage rate is much smaller than that of the sieve tray and also smaller than that of the similar three-dimensional sieve tray under low gas phase load.

[0040] The stepped partition of the three-dimensional cap divider is divided into 5 levels, with a longitudinal interval of 20 mm, symmetrically distributed on the left and right, and gradually extends into the interior of the cap as the height increases. Each level is 120 mm long, 25 mm wide, and 2 mm thick.

[0041] Working principle: The gas phase from the next tray enters the three-dimensional cap 2 through the gas pores 5, while the liquid phase on the tray enters the three-dimensional cap 2 through the liquid pores 4 and liquid bridges 6. Simultaneously, as the gas flows upward through the liquid bridges 6, it carries the liquid phase upward. After passing through the lifting section 21 of the three-dimensional cap 21, the liquid phase is broken into fine droplets by the airflow. In the splitting section 22, the gas and liquid phases are separated. The liquid phase is blocked by the stepped baffles 3, converges, and falls back to the liquid layer on the tray. The gas phase enters the upper space of the tray through the gaps between the stepped baffles 3. The "pore-bridge structure" composed of the liquid pores 4 and liquid bridges 6 ensures that the liquid is in contact with the gas phase throughout the cap 2, rather than flowing along the wall. This increases the gas-liquid contact area, strengthens gas-liquid interaction, and promotes the breaking and renewal of the gas-liquid interface. This not only significantly improves the liquid phase lifting capacity of the three-dimensional cap 2 but also enhances the mass transfer performance of the three-dimensional mass transfer tray. Furthermore, the stepped baffles 3 have a significant mist trapping capacity, which can significantly reduce mist entrainment and prevent mist-induced flooding. Ultimately, the novel, high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray provided by this invention can improve the operational flexibility and throughput of plate columns; it can appropriately reduce the tray spacing, thereby reducing column height and investment costs; and it reduces liquid backmixing between trays, improving overall column separation efficiency. In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification.

[0042] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A novel, high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray, characterized in that, include: A horizontal plate and several three-dimensional caps, wherein the three-dimensional caps are disposed on the horizontal plate; The horizontal plate is provided with several sets of air holes, and each air hole corresponds to one of the three-dimensional caps. The three-dimensional cap includes a lower lifting section and an upper flow section, and multiple liquid holes are respectively provided on both sides of the bottom of the vertical wall of the lifting section; Liquid bridges are formed between adjacent air holes in each group of air holes on the horizontal plate. The liquid bridges are connected to the liquid holes and form a transversely connected hole-bridge structure. The hole-bridge structure is arranged along the width direction of the bottom of the three-dimensional cap, so that the liquid enters the three-dimensional cap through the liquid bridge and is lifted upward under the action of airflow; The flow diversion section is equipped with multiple stepped baffles, which are arranged at intervals along the height direction and extend into the three-dimensional cap step by step, so as to cause the gas-liquid mixture to be deflected laterally and achieve gas-liquid separation.

2. The novel high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pores are divided into multiple groups, each group consisting of five hexagonal pores and two pentagonal pores arranged side by side, with liquid bridges formed between the hexagonal and pentagonal pores in each group.

3. The novel high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid bridge is narrow in the middle and wide at both sides.

4. The novel high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid holes are located on both sides of the bottom of the vertical wall of the lifting section and correspond one-to-one.

5. A novel, high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray according to claim 4, characterized in that, The liquid hole and the liquid bridge form a hole-bridge structure, serving as a flow channel for liquid to enter the three-dimensional cap and flow within the three-dimensional cap.

6. The novel high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stepped partitions are arranged longitudinally in a trapezoidal pattern and extend inward step by step along the height direction.

7. A novel, high-efficiency, high-throughput three-dimensional mass transfer tray according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-dimensional caps are arranged in an alternating pattern on the horizontal plate.

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