A multi-temperature-zone responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release function and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-temperature zone response phase change materials with long-term energy storage and controllable release function and preparation method thereof.The material introduces specific colloidal material as nucleation inhibitor in inorganic hydrated salt, which significantly improves the long-term stability and energy storage efficiency of the material. It can maintain long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding the energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. The material can trigger crystallization and release latent heat through heterogeneous nucleation mechanism, achieving controllable release of energy. The material can also adapt to different temperature intervals for energy storage and release, achieving multi-temperature zone response. The heat storage system is characterized by low cost, reusability and no heat decay, suitable for various energy demand scenarios, including portable heat storage devices, energy-saving buildings and industrial heat management. The application has broad application prospects in long-term energy storage, controllable energy release and energy saving and environmental protection, providing an effective technical solution for efficient energy utilization and energy saving and emission reduction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of society and the economy, the growth of energy consumption has become a global issue, making energy conservation, emission reduction, and environmental protection a focus of global attention. Phase change materials, as a key technology for regulating energy supply and demand balance and improving energy efficiency, have promising applications in energy, construction, aerospace, and agriculture, and are currently a research hotspot.

[0003] Phase change materials (PCMs) can absorb or release a large amount of latent heat during phase transitions. They play a crucial role in energy storage and temperature management due to their high heat storage density, compact size, constant temperature control, significant energy-saving effects, wide range of phase change temperatures, and ease of regulation. PCMs are key players in improving energy efficiency and addressing the spatial and temporal mismatch between energy supply and demand, particularly in long-term energy storage and controlled energy release. Inorganic hydrated salts, due to their significant supercooling properties, can have their crystallization process effectively controlled by adding nucleation inhibitors, making them an ideal choice for long-term energy storage and controlled energy release. This invention aims to precisely control the crystallization of inorganic hydrated salts by adding nucleation inhibitors to achieve long-term energy storage and on-demand release. This material stands out for its simple preparation process, low cost, high heat storage density, and controllable exothermic properties, making it particularly suitable for applications such as waste heat recovery and solar energy storage. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions, and its preparation method, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The synthesis of multi-temperature-range responsive phase change materials with long-term energy storage and controlled energy release functions includes the following steps:

[0006] First, select a suitable inorganic hydrated salt based on the energy storage temperature and place it in a three-necked flask. Add deionized water, then place the flask in an oil bath and heat to 40-90℃ for 1-5 hours until completely melted. Add the colloidal substance and continue stirring for 1-5 hours. After the reaction is complete, the resulting mixed liquid is the phase change material with multi-temperature response and long-term energy storage and controllable energy release capabilities.

[0007] Furthermore, 100g of inorganic hydrated salt does not require the addition of 5g of deionized water.

[0008] Furthermore, the reaction temperature is 70°C and the reaction time is 2 hours.

[0009] Furthermore, sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, sodium polyacrylate, α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin, δ-cyclodextrin, carbomer, xanthan gum, chitosan, gum arabic, and agar are selected as one or more of these ingredients.

[0010] Furthermore, 1g of colloidal substance was added, and the reaction time was 2 hours.

[0011] Furthermore, the multi-temperature-zone phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions is a white transparent liquid.

[0012] When heat is required, heterogeneous nucleation can be used to trigger the exothermic crystallization process.

[0013] This method uses inorganic hydrated salts as phase change materials and colloidal substances as nucleation inhibitors to synthesize a multi-temperature-range phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled energy release capabilities. The phase change material synthesized by this method has advantages such as long-term energy storage, controlled energy release, adaptability to energy storage at different temperatures, and a simple preparation process.

[0014] This thermal storage system has low preparation cost, can be reused repeatedly without heat loss, can be carried after being packed into a container, and can provide heat at any time. It has broad application prospects in long-term energy storage and controllable energy release.

[0015] This invention significantly improves the long-term stability and energy storage efficiency of materials by introducing specific colloidal substances as nucleation inhibitors into inorganic hydrated salts. The prepared material maintains long-term stability in the molten state after heating, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, the material crystallizes precisely through a heterogeneous nucleation mechanism, releasing latent heat and achieving controllable energy release. Furthermore, the material can adapt to different temperature ranges for energy storage and release, achieving multi-temperature response. This thermal storage system is characterized by low-cost preparation, reusability, and no heat decay. Its portability makes it suitable for various energy demand scenarios, including portable thermal storage devices, energy-efficient buildings, and industrial thermal management. This invention demonstrates broad application prospects in long-term energy storage, controllable energy release, and energy conservation and environmental protection, providing an effective technical solution for efficient energy utilization and energy saving and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 Heterogeneous nucleation process (using carboxymethyl cellulose as a nucleation inhibitor, long-term energy storage and controlled release functional phase change material with an energy storage response temperature range of 30-40℃);

[0017] Figure 2Temperature-time curve of exothermic process (long-term energy storage and controlled release functional phase change material with carboxymethyl cellulose as nucleation inhibitor and energy storage response temperature range of 30-40℃);

[0018] Figure 3 Temperature-time curve of exothermic process (using polyvinyl alcohol as nucleation inhibitor, energy storage response temperature range of 40-50℃ for long-term energy storage and controlled release functional phase change material). Detailed Implementation

[0019] Example 1.

[0020] (1) Take 100g of lithium perchlorate trihydrate (LiClO4·3H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0021] (2) Take 1g of carboxyethyl cellulose and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0022] (3) After the reaction is complete, pour the mixed liquid into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release function using carboxyethyl cellulose as a nucleation inhibitor.

[0023] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 0-10℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within the 10-20℃ temperature range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state and effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 0℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 8℃.

[0024] Example 2.

[0025] (1) Take 100g of potassium fluoride dihydrate (KF·2H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0026] (2) Take 2g of sodium alginate and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0027] (3) After the reaction is complete, the mixed liquid is poured into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release function using sodium alginate as a nucleation inhibitor.

[0028] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 10-20℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 10℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 18℃.

[0029] Example 3.

[0030] (1) Take 100g of calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2·6H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0031] (2) Take 2g of carboxypropyl cellulose and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0032] (3) After the reaction is complete, pour the mixed liquid into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with carboxypropyl cellulose as a nucleation inhibitor for long-term energy storage and controllable energy release.

[0033] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 20-30℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 10℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 27℃.

[0034] Example 4.

[0035] (1) Take 100g of lithium nitrate trihydrate (LiNO3·3H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0036] (2) Take 2g of carboxymethyl cellulose and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0037] (3) After the reaction is complete, the mixed liquid is poured into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable energy release using carboxymethyl cellulose as a nucleation inhibitor.

[0038] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 20-30℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 10℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 29℃.

[0039] Example 5.

[0040] (1) Take 50g of calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2·6H2O) and 50g of lithium nitrate trihydrate (LiNO3·3H2O) and place them in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0041] (2) Take 2g of carboxymethyl cellulose and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0042] (3) After the reaction is complete, the mixed liquid is poured into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable energy release using carboxymethyl cellulose as a nucleation inhibitor.

[0043] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 20-30℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 10℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 22℃.

[0044] Example 6.

[0045] (1) Take 100g of sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0046] (2) Take 2g of sodium polyacrylate and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0047] (3) After the reaction is complete, the mixed liquid is poured into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with sodium polyacrylate as a nucleation inhibitor for long-term energy storage and controllable energy release.

[0048] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 30-40℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 20℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 32℃.

[0049] Example 7.

[0050] (1) Take 100g of sodium phosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0051] (2) Take 2g of carboxymethyl cellulose and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0052] (3) After the reaction is complete, the mixed liquid is poured into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable energy release using carboxymethyl cellulose as a nucleation inhibitor.

[0053] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 30-40℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering exothermic crystallization due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controllable energy release. Figure 1 As shown. At an ambient temperature of 25℃, the exothermic temperature of the material's crystallization rises to 37℃, as... Figure 2 As shown.

[0054] Example 8.

[0055] (1) Take 40g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na2S2O3·5H2O) and 60g of sodium acetate trihydrate (CH3COONa·3H2O) and place them in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0056] (2) Take 2g of β-cyclodextrin and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0057] (3) After the reaction is complete, pour the mixed liquid into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable energy release using β-cyclodextrin as a nucleation inhibitor.

[0058] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 30-40℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of -20℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 25℃.

[0059] Example 9.

[0060] (1) Take 40g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na2S2O3·5H2O) and 60g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and place them in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0061] (2) Take 2g of β-cyclodextrin and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0062] (3) After the reaction is complete, pour the mixed liquid into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable energy release using β-cyclodextrin as a nucleation inhibitor.

[0063] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 30-40℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of -20℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 20℃.

[0064] Example 9.

[0065] (1) Take 100g of sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na2S2O3·5H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0066] (2) Take 2g of polyvinyl alcohol and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0067] (3) After the reaction is complete, pour the mixed liquid into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with polyvinyl alcohol as a nucleation inhibitor for long-term energy storage and controllable energy release.

[0068] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 40-50℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is needed, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering exothermic crystallization due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controllable energy release. At an ambient temperature of 25℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 45℃. Figure 3 As shown.

[0069] Example 10.

[0070] (1) Take 100g of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0071] (2) Take 2g of sodium polyacrylate and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0072] (3) After the reaction is complete, the mixed liquid is poured into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with sodium polyacrylate as a nucleation inhibitor for long-term energy storage and controllable energy release.

[0073] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 40-50℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 25℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 40℃.

[0074] Example 10.

[0075] (1) Take 100g of sodium acetate trihydrate (CH3COONa·3H2O) and place it in a three-necked flask. Add 10g of deionized water and then place the three-necked flask in an oil bath and heat it to 70°C. Stir at a constant speed for 2 hours.

[0076] (2) Take 2g of xanthan gum and place it in the above solution, and continue stirring for 2 hours.

[0077] (3) After the reaction is complete, the mixed liquid is poured into a sealed glass bottle to obtain a phase change material with xanthan gum as a nucleation inhibitor for long-term energy storage and controllable energy release.

[0078] The prepared phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions is a white, transparent liquid suitable for energy storage in the 50-60℃ temperature range. The material can absorb heat and melt within this range, maintaining long-term stability in the molten state, effectively avoiding energy loss caused by spontaneous crystallization. When heat release is required, a sharp object can be inserted into the composite material, triggering crystallization and exothermic release due to heterogeneous nucleation, thus achieving controlled energy release. At an ambient temperature of 25℃, the material's exothermic crystallization temperature rises to approximately 55℃.

[0079] The multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material of this invention, featuring long-term energy storage and controlled energy release, is a colorless and transparent liquid. It uses an inorganic hydrated salt as the phase change material and colloidal substances as nucleation inhibitors. This composite phase change material offers advantages such as long-term energy storage, controlled energy release, adaptability to energy storage at different temperatures, and a simple preparation process. The phase change material is reusable and its heat does not diminish, eliminating the need for insulation equipment during heat storage. The heat source can be solar energy, waste heat, geothermal energy, or electric heat. This phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled energy release has broad application prospects in improving energy efficiency.

[0080] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as the combination of these technical features does not contradict each other, it should be considered within the scope of this specification. The above embodiments only illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable energy release functions, characterized in that: By adding colloidal substances as nucleation inhibitors to inorganic hydrated salts, phase change materials with long-term energy storage and controllable energy release can be prepared. The material is composed of inorganic hydrated salts, colloidal substances, and water.

2. The multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inorganic hydrated salt is one or more of the following: lithium perchlorate trihydrate (LiClO4·3H2O), potassium fluoride dihydrate (KF·2H2O), calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2·6H2O), lithium nitrate trihydrate (LiNO3·3H2O), sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O), sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3·10H2O), calcium bromide dihydrate (CaBr2·2H2O), zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O), sodium phosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12H2O), calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O), sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na2S2O3·5H2O), and sodium acetate trihydrate (CH3COONa·3H2O). The colloidal substance is one or more of the following: sodium alginate, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, carboxyethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, sodium polyacrylate, α-cyclodextrin, β-cyclodextrin, γ-cyclodextrin, δ-cyclodextrin, carbomer, xanthan gum, chitosan, gum arabic, and agar.

3. The multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Inorganic hydrated salts can be classified according to different thermal storage temperature zones: 0-10℃: Lithium perchlorate trihydrate (LiClO4·3H2O); 10-20℃: Potassium fluoride dihydrate (KF·2H2O); 20-30℃: One or two of calcium chloride hexahydrate (CaCl2·6H2O) and lithium nitrate trihydrate (LiNO3·3H2O); 30-40℃: One or more of the following: sodium sulfate decahydrate (Na2SO4·10H2O), sodium carbonate decahydrate (Na2CO3·10H2O), calcium bromide dihydrate (CaBr2·2H2O), zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2·6H2O), and sodium phosphate dodecahydrate (Na2HPO4·12H2O); 40-50℃: One or two of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate (Na2S2O3·5H2O); 50-60℃: Sodium acetate trihydrate (CH3COONa·3H2O); By combining two or more inorganic hydrated salts from different temperature zones, energy storage and release within the range of 0-60℃ can be achieved.

4. The multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material, there are 100 parts by weight of inorganic hydrated salt, 1-20 parts by weight of water (preferably 1-10 parts by weight), and 0.01-10 parts by weight of colloidal substance (preferably 0.01-5 parts by weight).

5. A method for preparing a multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controllable release functions as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, characterized in that: The system can be prepared by mixing 100 parts by weight of inorganic hydrated salt, 1-20 parts by weight of water (preferably 1-10 parts by weight), and 0.01-10 parts by weight of colloidal substance (preferably 0.01-5 parts by weight) at different temperature zones.

6. The preparation method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process is as follows: 1) Select inorganic hydrated salts according to the required energy storage temperature to adapt to energy storage and release at different temperatures; place 100g of inorganic hydrated salts in a container, add 1-20g (preferably 1-10g) of water, heat to 40-90℃ (preferably 60-80℃), and stir continuously for 1-5 hours (preferably 2-4 hours); 2) Add 0.01-10g (preferably 0.01-5g) of colloidal substance to the above solution and continue stirring for 1-4 hours (preferably 2-4 hours) until the colloidal substance is completely dissolved. The resulting mixed solution is the phase change material for long-term energy storage and controllable energy release.

7. The application of a multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions as described in claim 1, 2, 3, or 4, or a multi-temperature-range responsive phase change material with long-term energy storage and controlled release functions prepared by the preparation method of claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The multi-temperature-zone responsive phase change material can be used as a phase change material for long-term energy storage and controlled energy release in multiple temperature zones.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that: Long-term energy storage refers to the storage of energy in the molten state of phase change materials without releasing energy for a long time. Controllable energy release refers to the instantaneous release of energy when energy is needed by triggering crystallization through heterogeneous nucleation. Multi-temperature response refers to the selection of inorganic hydrated salts to adapt to energy storage and release at different temperatures.

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