Waterproofing method and construction interval protection structure for staged construction of basement floor

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of waterproofing construction technology, providing a phased construction waterproofing method for basement slabs and a protective structure for the construction interval. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement slabs includes: constructing a steel reinforcement cage in the initial construction area, with the main reinforcement extending to a transition zone, which is located in the later construction area near the initial construction area; installing a waterproofing component at the target construction joint, with one end extending to the initial construction area and the other end extending to the transition zone; setting an isolation layer on the portions of the main reinforcement and waterproofing component located in the transition zone; pouring concrete in the initial construction area and the transition zone to cover the steel reinforcement cage and waterproofing component; before the start of later construction, removing the concrete and isolation layer in the transition zone to partially expose the main reinforcement and waterproofing component; and then proceeding with later construction. This design solves the problem in related technologies where the waterproofing effect at the construction joint location during phased construction of basement slabs cannot be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of waterproofing construction technology, and in particular to a phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs and a protective structure for the construction interval. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, influenced by the real estate market, more and more development projects have opted for phased development to cope with financial pressure and pre-sale conditions. Since the construction intervals between each phase are often uncertain, and in some cases quite long, the lack of systematic design and treatment methods for handling construction joints at the junction of old and new concrete in the basement slabs of two phases easily leads to numerous leakage problems later on, becoming a major hidden danger to project quality.

[0003] Currently, two main construction methods are used for the handover between old and new waterproof concrete in basement slabs during phased construction. One method involves extending the basement slab structure several meters into the second phase area during the first phase construction, then naturally severing it. During the second phase construction, the old and new structures are connected using rebar installation, and waterproofing is achieved at the construction joint by applying water-swellable sealant or pre-embedding grouting pipes. However, the failure to pre-embed waterproof components at the handover point during the first phase construction means these crucial waterproof components cannot be added during the second phase. This necessitates relying on sealant or grouting pipes, which have short seepage paths, limited sealing techniques, poor reliability, and a high risk of re-seepage later. The other method involves pre-embedding waterproof components at the handover point during the first phase construction, extending the reinforcing steel of the first phase structure to the outside. However, this method has a long and unpredictable construction interval, leaving the waterproof components and reinforcing steel exposed to the natural environment for an extended period before the second phase construction, leading to varying degrees of corrosion. During the second phase of construction, it is necessary to remove rust from the long-exposed steel bars and waterproofing components before proceeding with subsequent construction. After rust removal, the performance of the exposed waterproofing components and steel bars, as well as the quality of their bonding with the new concrete, cannot be guaranteed, which can easily lead to water leakage problems later on.

[0004] Therefore, how to solve the problem of the inability to guarantee the waterproofing effect at the construction joints during phased construction of basement slabs has become an important technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs and a protective structure for the construction interval, in order to solve the defect in related technologies where the waterproofing effect at the construction joints during phased construction of basement floor slabs cannot be guaranteed.

[0006] This invention provides a phased construction method for waterproofing basement floor slabs, comprising: A steel reinforcement cage is erected in the initial engineering area, and the main reinforcement of the steel reinforcement cage extends to the transition area, which is the location of the later engineering area close to the initial engineering area. A waterproof component is installed at the target construction joint, with one end of the waterproof component extending into the preliminary engineering area and the other end extending into the transition area; An isolation layer is provided for the portion of the main reinforcing bar and the waterproof component located in the transition zone; Concrete is poured into the initial construction area and the transition area to cover the steel reinforcement frame and the waterproof components; Before the start of later construction, the concrete and the isolation layer in the transition zone are removed to expose the main reinforcement and the waterproof components. To carry out the later stages of engineering construction.

[0007] According to the present invention, a phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs is provided, wherein the isolation layer includes an isolation membrane, which wraps around the outer surface of the waterproofing component and the portion of the main reinforcement located in the transition zone.

[0008] According to the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs provided by the present invention, after pouring concrete for the initial construction area and the transition area, the method further includes: A marker is placed on the upper surface of the concrete at the location corresponding to the target construction joint.

[0009] According to the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs provided by the present invention, before the steel reinforcement frame is erected in the initial construction area, the method further includes: A foundation layer is poured between the initial engineering area and the transition area; A side formwork is installed on the side of the transition zone away from the initial engineering zone; A first waterproof layer is laid on top of the padding layer, and the first waterproof layer extends along the side of the side template to the top surface of the side template; A protective plate is installed on the side of the first waterproof layer away from the side template.

[0010] According to the present invention, a phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs is provided, wherein the target construction joint is stepped and has two stepped surfaces, and the concrete in the transition zone is removed according to the location and shape of the target construction joint; The waterproof component includes a set of water-stop steel plates and a set of water-stop strips. One of the steps of the target construction joint corresponds to a set of water-stop strips, and the water-stop strips are fixed to the first waterproof layer. The other step of the target construction joint corresponds to a set of water-stop steel plates, and the water-stop steel plates are fixed to the reinforcing steel skeleton.

[0011] According to the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs provided by the present invention, before pouring the subbase layer in the initial construction area and the transition area, the method further includes: Foundation pits are set up in the preliminary engineering area near the target construction joint and in the transition area.

[0012] According to the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs provided by the present invention, after pouring concrete for the initial construction area and the transition area, the method further includes: A second waterproof layer is laid on the concrete surface of the transition zone. One edge of the second waterproof layer extends to the top surface of the side formwork, and the other edge of the second waterproof layer extends to the side surface of the building in the early stage construction area that is closer to the later stage construction area. A protective layer is provided for the second waterproof layer.

[0013] According to the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs provided by the present invention, before the later stages of construction, the method further includes: Water-stop sealant and grouting pipe are installed on the surface of the concrete corresponding to the target construction joint in the preliminary engineering area.

[0014] This invention also provides a construction interval protection structure for a basement floor slab, used to protect a target component during the construction interval before the later stages of construction. The target component includes main reinforcement bars and waterproofing components extending to a transition zone, where the transition zone is located near the earlier stages of construction within the later stages of construction. The construction interval protection structure for the basement floor slab includes: An isolation layer is wrapped around the outer surface of the portion of the main reinforcing bar and the waterproof component located in the transition zone; A plain concrete protective structure is filled in the transition zone, covering the main reinforcement, the waterproof component, and the isolation layer. The plain concrete protective structure is integrally cast with the basement floor slab of the initial engineering area.

[0015] According to the construction interval protection structure for basement floor slabs provided by the present invention, it further includes: Side formwork is installed on the side of the plain concrete protective structure away from the initial construction area; A first waterproof layer is provided at the bottom layer of the transition area and the preliminary engineering area, and the first waterproof layer extends along the side of the side formwork to the top surface of the side formwork; A protective plate is disposed on the side of the first waterproof layer away from the side formwork, and the protective plate is located on the side of the plain concrete protective body close to the side formwork; The second waterproof layer is provided on the upper surface of the plain concrete protective body. One edge of the second waterproof layer extends to the top surface of the side formwork, and the other edge of the second waterproof layer extends to the side surface of the building in the early stage construction area that is closer to the later stage construction area. A protective layer is disposed on the second waterproof layer.

[0016] In the phased construction waterproofing method for basement slabs provided by this invention, a steel reinforcement cage is erected in the initial construction area, extending the main reinforcement bars of the cage to a transition zone, which is located in the later construction area near the initial construction area. The main reinforcement bars extending to the transition zone are used to connect with the main reinforcement bars of the steel reinforcement cage in the later construction area. A waterproofing component is installed at the target construction joint, with one end extending to the initial construction area and the other end extending to the transition zone. After the later construction is completed, the waterproofing component prevents water leakage at the joint between the basement slabs of the initial and later construction areas. After the waterproofing component is installed, an isolation layer is installed on the portions of the main reinforcement bars and waterproofing components located in the transition zone; no isolation layer is required on the portions of the main reinforcement bars and waterproofing components located in the initial construction area. Concrete is poured into both the initial and transition areas to cover the steel reinforcement cage and waterproofing component. After the concrete solidifies, the concrete in the initial construction area can directly solidify with the steel reinforcement cage to form the basement slab of the initial construction area. After the concrete in the transition zone solidifies, it forms a plain concrete protective structure for the waterproof components and main reinforcement, preventing these components from being directly exposed to the natural environment. During the long and uncertain construction interval before the start of later stages of construction, this plain concrete protective structure protects these components. Before the start of later stages, the concrete and isolation layer in the transition zone are removed—that is, the plain concrete protective structure is removed, and the isolation layer is demolished—exposing the portion of the main reinforcement and waterproof components located in the transition zone. Then, later construction can proceed. Because the portion of the waterproof components and main reinforcement located in the transition zone is encased in the isolation layer, the concrete in the transition zone does not solidify directly onto the waterproof components and main reinforcement, but rather onto the isolation layer. The isolation layer facilitates the removal of the plain concrete protective structure. This arrangement allows for the pre-embedding of the main reinforcement and critical waterproof components at the target construction joint location during the initial construction phase, simultaneously pouring the plain concrete protective structure. During the long and uncertain construction interval before the start of later stages of the project, the plain concrete protective structure can protect the main reinforcement and waterproofing components, preventing problems such as corrosion and aging. Before the start of later stages of the project, the plain concrete protective structure in the transition zone is removed, exposing the main reinforcement and waterproofing components. This ensures the connection strength between the protected main reinforcement and the reinforcement in the later stages of the project, and allows for a high-quality, tight bond between the protected reinforcement and the concrete poured in the later stages, improving the joint quality between the basement slabs of the earlier and later stages of the project.The pre-embedded waterproof components can be waterstops and waterstop steel plates. Combined with waterproofing technologies such as waterstop adhesives and grouting pipes that can be used in later construction, the variety of waterproofing technologies is increased. The waterproofing effect at the joint between the basement floor slab in the early stage of the project and the basement floor slab in the later stage of the project is improved, which solves the problem that the waterproofing effect at the construction joints in the phased construction of the basement floor slab cannot be guaranteed in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs provided by the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This invention provides a protective structure for the construction interval of a basement floor slab (the steel reinforcement frame and the isolation layer wrapped around the steel reinforcement frame are not shown).

[0020] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram (steel reinforcement skeleton not shown) of the construction of the basement floor slab in the later stage of the project area using the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs provided by this invention.

[0021] Figure label: 1. Initial construction area; 2. Transition area; 3. Target construction joint; 4. Isolation layer; 5. Subbase; 6. Side formwork; 7. First waterproof layer; 8. Protective board; 9. Waterstop steel plate; 10. Waterstop strip; 11. Second waterproof layer; 12. Protective layer; 13. Waterstop adhesive; 14. Grouting pipe; 15. Plain concrete protective structure; 16. Later construction area; 17. Side wall. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0023] The following is combined Figures 1 to 3 This invention describes a phased construction method for waterproofing basement floor slabs.

[0024] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, a phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs is provided.

[0025] The phased construction waterproofing method for the basement floor slab in this embodiment mainly includes the following steps 110 to 160.

[0026] Step 110: Construct a steel reinforcement cage in the initial construction area. The main reinforcement bars of the steel reinforcement cage extend to the transition area, which is the location of the later construction area close to the initial construction area.

[0027] The main reinforcement bars extending to the transition zone 2 are used to connect with the main reinforcement bars of the steel reinforcement cage of the later engineering zone 16 during the later construction phase. This provides a reliable foundation for the structural connection between the later engineering zone 16 and the earlier engineering zone 1, ensuring the integrity and strength of the connection between the structure of the earlier engineering zone 1 and the structure of the later engineering zone 16. It also avoids the risk of insufficient connection strength when connecting the old and new structures using methods such as rebar installation in the later stages.

[0028] The main reinforcement bar extends 300-500 mm in the transition zone 2. Later, the main reinforcement bar can be connected to the main reinforcement bar in the later engineering zone 16 using a threaded sleeve.

[0029] Step 120: Install a waterproof component at the target construction joint, with one end of the waterproof component extending into the initial construction area and the other end extending into the transition area.

[0030] In traditional construction methods, to avoid exposing waterproofing components, waterproofing components are typically not pre-embedded during the initial construction phase. This leads to the problem that these critical waterproofing components cannot be installed during later construction phases. In this embodiment, by pre-embedding critical waterproofing components such as waterstop steel plates 9 and waterstop strips 10 during the initial construction phase, the aforementioned problem of not being able to install these critical waterproofing components during later construction phases can be solved.

[0031] After the completion of the later stages of construction, the waterproof components can prevent water leakage at the joint between the basement floor slab of the initial construction area 1 and the basement floor slab of the later construction area 16.

[0032] The waterproof components embedded in this step can create the prerequisite for building multiple and reliable waterproof barriers. Combined with the waterproof measures added during the later stages of construction, they form a comprehensive waterproof system, improving the waterproof safety level of the joint between the basement floor of the initial construction area 1 and the basement floor of the later construction area 16.

[0033] Step 130: Install an isolation layer on the portion of the main reinforcement and waterproof components located in the transition zone.

[0034] The portion of the main reinforcement and waterproofing components located in the initial project area 1 does not require an isolation layer 4. The portion of the main reinforcement and waterproofing components located in the initial project area 1 can be tightly bonded to the concrete of the initial project area 1 with high quality, ensuring the structural strength of the basement floor slab of the initial project area 1.

[0035] Because the waterproofing components and main reinforcement bars located in transition zone 2 are encased in isolation layer 4, the concrete in transition zone 2 does not solidify directly onto the waterproofing components and main reinforcement bars, but rather onto isolation layer 4. The isolation layer 4 prevents the concrete poured in step 140 from directly bonding with the main reinforcement bars and waterproofing components, reduces the difficulty of removing the concrete in transition zone 2 in step 150, facilitates non-destructive and convenient removal, avoids damage to the main reinforcement bars and waterproofing components during removal, and ensures the functional integrity of the main reinforcement bars and waterproofing components.

[0036] Step 140: Pour concrete in the initial construction area and transition area to cover the steel reinforcement frame and waterproof components.

[0037] In this step, after the concrete has solidified, the concrete in the initial construction zone 1 can be directly solidified together with the reinforcing steel frame to form the basement floor slab of the initial construction zone 1. The concrete poured in the transition zone 2 forms a temporary plain concrete protective structure 15.

[0038] During the long and uncertain construction interval before the start of the later stages of the project, the plain concrete protective structure 15 can protect the main reinforcement and the embedded waterproof components, preventing them from rusting, aging and other performance degradation problems caused by long-term exposure to the natural environment, thereby ensuring the original performance and subsequent use effect of the main reinforcement and waterproof components.

[0039] Step 150: Before the start of later construction, remove the concrete and isolation layer in the transition zone to expose the main reinforcement and waterproof components.

[0040] After the concrete and isolation layer 4 of transition zone 2 are removed, the exposed main reinforcement and waterproof components are effectively protected and in good condition. This ensures that the connection strength between the main reinforcement and the main reinforcement of the later engineering zone 16 meets the design requirements, and the waterproof components can also be tightly bonded to the concrete poured in the later engineering zone 16 with high quality, thereby improving the joint quality between the basement floor slab of the initial engineering zone 1 and the basement floor slab of the later engineering zone 16.

[0041] During the chiseling process, it should be ensured that the concrete cross-section of the initial engineering area 1 is rough, and the laitance, loose stones, and weak concrete layers at that cross-section should be cleaned.

[0042] Step 160: Carry out the later stages of the project.

[0043] This setup allows for the pre-embedding of main reinforcing bars and critical waterproofing components at the target construction joint 3 during the initial construction phase, simultaneously forming a plain concrete protective structure 15. During the long and uncertain construction interval before the commencement of later phases, the plain concrete protective structure 15 protects the main reinforcing bars and waterproofing components, preventing corrosion and aging. Before the commencement of later phases, the plain concrete protective structure 15 in transition zone 2 is removed, exposing the main reinforcing bars and waterproofing components. This ensures the connection strength between the protected main reinforcing bars and those in later phase 16, and allows for a high-quality, tight bond between the protected main reinforcing bars and the concrete poured in later phase 16, improving the joint quality between the basement slab of the initial phase 1 and the basement slab of later phase 16. The pre-embedded waterproof components can be waterstop strips 10 and waterstop steel plates 9. Combined with waterproofing technologies such as waterstop adhesive 13 and grouting pipes 14 that can be used in later construction, the variety of waterproofing technologies is increased. The waterproofing effect at the joint between the basement floor slab of the initial construction area 1 and the basement floor slab of the later construction area 16 is improved, which solves the problem that the waterproofing effect at the construction joint of the phased construction when the basement floor slab is constructed in phases in related technologies cannot be guaranteed.

[0044] In this embodiment, the isolation layer 4 includes an isolation membrane, which wraps around the outer surface of the waterproof component and the portion of the main reinforcement located in the transition zone 2.

[0045] For main reinforcing bars, wrapping can be done by spiraling the bar, securing both ends with tape or cable ties. For waterproof components, wrapping can be done by laying the bar flat and securing it with tape. During the wrapping process, gaps should be avoided as much as possible.

[0046] The aforementioned isolation membrane can be, but is not limited to, plastic film, geomembrane, etc.

[0047] In this embodiment, after pouring concrete for the initial engineering area 1 and the transition area 2, a marker is also set on the upper surface of the concrete at the position corresponding to the target construction joint 3.

[0048] This marking provides clear guidance for the removal of the plain concrete protective structure 15 in transition zone 2 during later construction phases. It enables precise removal of the plain concrete protective structure 15, avoiding the accidental removal of the concrete structure in the initial construction zone 1 due to excessive removal. This ensures that the connection length between the waterproof components and the concrete in the initial construction zone 1 is not reduced due to accidental removal, and avoids the risk of failure of the waterproof components due to insufficient anchorage length in the concrete in the initial construction zone 1. It also guarantees the long-term waterproof performance of the joint between the basement floor slab of the initial construction zone 1 and the basement floor slab of the later construction zone 16.

[0049] The above markings can be achieved through methods such as grooving, cutting, chalking, and pre-embedded markers.

[0050] In this embodiment of the invention, before step 110, the steps 101 to 104 are also included.

[0051] Step 101: Pour the foundation layer in the initial engineering area and the transition area.

[0052] The subbase 5 provides a flat and solid working surface for the subsequent laying of the first waterproof layer 7 and the construction of the steel reinforcement frame, which is the basis for ensuring the construction quality of subsequent processes.

[0053] Step 102: Set up side formwork on the side of the transition zone away from the initial construction area.

[0054] The side formwork 6 serves as a boundary retaining structure for the concrete pouring during the initial construction phase, defining the extent of the plain concrete protective structure 15 in the transition zone 2. Furthermore, the side formwork 6 provides necessary support for the upward-turning closure of the first waterproof layer 7.

[0055] Side formwork 6 can be, but is not limited to, a brick formwork for construction.

[0056] Step 103: Lay the first waterproof layer on top of the cushion layer, and extend the first waterproof layer along the side of the side formwork to the top surface of the side formwork.

[0057] By laying the first waterproof layer 7, a complete bottom waterproof barrier is constructed. The first waterproof layer 7, which extends along the side formwork 6, is designed to overlap with the first waterproof layer 7 of the later construction phase, which helps to improve the waterproof reliability of the joint between the basement floor slab of the initial construction area 1 and the basement floor slab of the later construction area 16, and fully avoids the risk of bottom leakage.

[0058] For the initial construction area 1, two layers of first waterproof layer 7 can be laid, both extending to the top surface of the side formwork 6. For the transition area 2, an additional first waterproof layer 7 can be added, located below the two layers of first waterproof layer 7, extending a certain distance into the initial construction area 1, and reaching the top surface of the side formwork 6.

[0059] During the later stages of construction, the first waterproof layer 7 of the later construction area 16 needs to effectively overlap with the first waterproof layer 7 of the transition area 2, with an overlap width of not less than 150 mm.

[0060] Step 104: Install a protective plate on the side of the first waterproof layer away from the side formwork.

[0061] The protective plate 8 is located between the first waterproof layer 7 and the plain concrete protective body 15, playing a crucial isolating role. It prevents direct adhesion between the plain concrete protective body 15 (which needs to be removed) and the first waterproof layer 7, thus avoiding adhesion damage. When removing the plain concrete protective body 15 in the transition zone 2, the protective plate 8 prevents damage to the first waterproof layer 7, helping to ensure the integrity of the first waterproof layer 7 and protecting the continuity and reliability of the bottom waterproofing system. The protective plate 8 can be, but is not limited to, extruded polystyrene board.

[0062] In this embodiment, the target construction joint 3 is stepped, with two stepped facades. The distance between the two stepped facades can be controlled within the range of 150-300 mm, and the area between the two stepped facades is the step tread. The step of removing the concrete in the transition zone 2 needs to be carried out according to the location and shape of the target construction joint 3.

[0063] The stepped target construction joint 3 can extend the leakage path of groundwater along the construction joint, enhance the waterproofing effect, and improve the safety factor of water stopping. Moreover, the stepped target construction joint 3 creates independent installation space and conditions for subsequent installation of various types of waterproof components, avoiding simple planar superposition.

[0064] The waterproofing components include a set of water-stop steel plates 9 and a set of water-stop strips 10. One step facade of the target construction joint 3 corresponds to a set of water-stop strips 10, which are fixed to the first waterproof layer 7, ensuring that the central axis of the set of water-stop strips 10 is located within the step facade. The other step facade of the target construction joint 3 corresponds to a set of water-stop steel plates 9, which are fixed to the reinforcing steel skeleton, ensuring that the central axis of the set of water-stop steel plates 9 is located within the step facade. When installing the water-stop strips 10 and water-stop steel plates 9, it is necessary to ensure that their grooved sides face upwards.

[0065] By setting two waterproofing components with different principles, namely waterstop 10 and waterstop steel plate 9, on different steps, a multi-layer waterproofing system is formed, which improves the reliability and tolerance of waterproofing at construction joints and ensures the overall waterproofing quality of the phased construction project.

[0066] Before pouring the foundation layer 5 in the initial construction area 1 and the transition area 2, foundation pits need to be set up in the initial construction area 1 near the target construction joint 3 and in the transition area 2. By setting up foundation pits, the elevation of the foundation layer 5 is lowered in local areas, creating working space for the subsequent construction of the stepped construction joint.

[0067] The foundation pit is trapezoidal, such as... Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the depth of the trapezoidal foundation pit is consistent with the design thickness of the bottom slab of the initial engineering area 1. Along the distribution direction of the initial engineering area 1 and the later engineering area 16, the size of the trapezoidal foundation pit is 1000~1200 mm.

[0068] In a further embodiment, after step 140, a second waterproof layer needs to be laid on the concrete surface of the transition zone, and then a protective layer is applied to the second waterproof layer.

[0069] After pouring concrete for the initial construction area 1 and the transition area 2, and the concrete solidifies to form the basement floor slab, structures such as side walls 17 can be constructed above the basement floor slab of the initial construction area 1. The side walls 17 and other structures serve as the building body of the initial construction area 1.

[0070] When laying the second waterproof layer 11, one edge of the second waterproof layer 11 extends to the top surface of the side formwork 6 to overlap with the first waterproof layer 7. At the same time, the other edge of the second waterproof layer 11 extends to the surface of the building in the early stage construction area 1 near the later stage construction area 16. That is, the other edge of the second waterproof layer 11 extends to the side wall 17 of the early stage construction area 1 near the later stage construction area 16, and the second waterproof layer 11 extends along the side wall 17.

[0071] The second waterproof layer 11 can waterproof the side wall 17 of the initial construction area 1. Moreover, the second waterproof layer 11, together with the first waterproof layer 7 above the cushion layer 5, forms a complete three-dimensional enclosure for the plain concrete protective body 15 of the transition area 2. It can provide comprehensive waterproof protection for the plain concrete protective body 15 and its internal main reinforcement and waterproof components during the long construction interval, preventing rainwater and water accumulation from seeping in from the top and preventing the main reinforcement and waterproof components from rusting or aging due to long-term contact with water.

[0072] The protective layer 12 installed on the second waterproof layer 11 can prevent the second waterproof layer 11 from being physically damaged by construction activities or environmental factors during subsequent backfilling or long construction intervals, ensuring the integrity and functional durability of the entire waterproof system.

[0073] The protective layer 12 can be a fine aggregate concrete layer poured and formed on the outer surface of the second waterproof layer 11. For the second waterproof layer 11 of the side wall 17 of the initial engineering area 1, extruded polystyrene board can be used.

[0074] When it is necessary to remove the plain concrete protective structure 15 in the transition zone 2, the second waterproof layer 11 and the protective layer 12 located above the plain concrete protective structure 15 need to be cut off and sealed.

[0075] In this embodiment of the invention, before proceeding with the later stages of construction, it is necessary to install a water-stopping adhesive 13 and a grouting pipe 14 on the surface of the corresponding target construction joint 3 of the concrete in the initial construction area 1.

[0076] Water-stopping adhesive 13, also known as water-swellable water-stopping adhesive, utilizes the property of the material itself to rapidly expand in volume when it comes into contact with water, thereby sealing the gaps at the joints and generating contact pressure to achieve the purpose of waterproofing.

[0077] As a preventative measure, the grouting pipe 14 is pre-embedded during the pouring process. If seepage is detected later, liquid waterproof grout is pumped into the grouting pipe 14 using external pumping equipment. The grout overflows from the outlet holes in the pipe wall and enters the gaps at the joint. The grout flows and diffuses in the gaps, then undergoes a chemical reaction to solidify, thereby filling the gaps and cutting off the water supply.

[0078] The combination of the water-stopping adhesive 13, the grouting pipe 14, and the water-stopping steel plate 9 and water-stopping strip 10 pre-embedded during the initial construction of the project forms a multi-layered defense system consisting of a physical water-stopping barrier, organic material water-stopping seal, and pre-embedded grouting pipe 14 as a risk mitigation measure. This not only increases the variety of waterproofing techniques and improves the safety factor and fault tolerance of the waterproofing system, but also utilizes the grouting pipe 14 as a remedial measure to perform targeted remedial grouting in case of accidental leakage in the later stages, effectively sealing the leakage channel.

[0079] On the other hand, based on the same inventive concept, the embodiments of the present invention also provide a construction interval protection structure for basement floor slabs. The construction interval protection structure for basement floor slabs described below can be referred to in correspondence with the phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs described above.

[0080] This invention provides a construction interval protection structure for a basement floor slab, used to protect target components during the construction interval before the later stages of construction. The target components include main reinforcing bars and waterproofing components extending to a transition zone 2, which is located in the later-stage construction zone 16 near the earlier-stage construction zone 1.

[0081] The protective structure for the construction interval of the basement floor slab includes an isolation layer 4 and a plain concrete protective body 15.

[0082] Specifically, the isolation layer 4 wraps around the outer surface of the main reinforcement and waterproof components located in the transition zone 2. The plain concrete protective body 15 fills the transition zone 2, covering the main reinforcement, waterproof components and isolation layer 4. The plain concrete protective body 15 is integrally cast with the basement floor slab of the initial project area 1.

[0083] The plain concrete protective structure 15 is poured and formed simultaneously with the basement floor slab of the initial project area 1. Without adding any additional construction steps, it can provide solid and reliable physical protection for the pre-embedded main reinforcement and waterproof components during the long and uncertain construction interval, avoiding performance degradation problems such as corrosion and aging caused by long-term exposure to the natural environment.

[0084] The isolation layer 4 separates the main reinforcement and waterproof components from the plain concrete protective body 15 that is subsequently poured and formed. This allows for convenient and quick removal of the plain concrete protective body 15 during later construction phases, while avoiding damage to the main reinforcement and waterproof components during the removal process.

[0085] In this way, when the later stages of construction begin, the main reinforcement can still have excellent mechanical properties to ensure the structural connection strength, and the waterproof components can remain intact and tightly bonded with the high-quality concrete poured in the later stages of construction, thereby improving the structural safety and waterproof reliability of the construction joints in the phased construction.

[0086] In a further embodiment, the construction interval protection structure of the basement floor slab also includes side formwork 6, a first waterproof layer 7, a protective plate 8, a second waterproof layer 11, and a protective layer 12.

[0087] Side formwork 6 is located on the side of the plain concrete protective structure 15 away from the initial construction area 1. Side formwork 6 serves as a boundary retaining structure for the concrete pouring during the initial construction phase, defining the extent of the plain concrete protective structure 15 in the transition zone 2. Furthermore, side formwork 6 provides necessary support for the upward-facing termination of the first waterproof layer 7. Side formwork 6 can be, but is not limited to, a brick formwork structure.

[0088] The first waterproof layer 7 is installed at the bottom of the transition zone 2 and the initial construction zone 1, extending along the side of the side formwork 6 to the top surface of the side formwork 6. The first waterproof layer 7 forms a complete bottom waterproof barrier. The first waterproof layer 7 extending along the side formwork 6 is designed to overlap with the first waterproof layer 7 of the later construction phase, which helps to improve the waterproof reliability of the joint between the basement floor slab of the initial construction zone 1 and the basement floor slab of the later construction zone 16, and effectively avoids the risk of bottom leakage.

[0089] The protective plate 8 is positioned on the side of the first waterproof layer 7 furthest from the side formwork 6, and is located on the side of the plain concrete protective body 15 closest to the side formwork 6. The protective plate 8, situated between the first waterproof layer 7 and the plain concrete protective body 15, plays a crucial isolating role, preventing direct adhesion between the plain concrete protective body 15 (which needs to be removed) and the first waterproof layer 7, thus avoiding adhesion damage to the first waterproof layer 7. When removing the plain concrete protective body 15 in the transition zone 2, the protective plate 8 prevents damage to the first waterproof layer 7 caused by the removal work, helping to ensure the integrity of the first waterproof layer 7 and protecting the continuity and reliability of the bottom waterproofing system. The protective plate 8 can be, but is not limited to, extruded polystyrene board.

[0090] The second waterproof layer 11 is installed on the upper surface of the plain concrete protective structure 15. One edge of the second waterproof layer 11 extends to the top surface of the side formwork 6, and the other edge extends to the side surface of the building structure, such as the side wall 17 of the initial construction area 1, which is closer to the later construction area 16. The second waterproof layer 11 can waterproof the side wall 17 of the initial construction area 1. Moreover, the second waterproof layer 11 and the first waterproof layer 7 above the cushion layer 5 form a complete three-dimensional enclosure of the plain concrete protective structure 15 in the transition area 2. During the long construction interval, it can provide comprehensive waterproof protection for the plain concrete protective structure 15 and its internal main reinforcement and waterproof components, preventing rainwater and water accumulation from seeping in from the top and preventing the main reinforcement and waterproof components from rusting or aging due to long-term contact with water.

[0091] The protective layer 12 is installed on the second waterproof layer 11, which can prevent the second waterproof layer 11 from being physically damaged by construction activities or environmental factors during subsequent backfilling or long construction intervals, thus ensuring the integrity and functional durability of the entire temporary waterproofing system.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A phased construction method for waterproofing basement floor slabs, characterized in that, include: A steel reinforcement cage is built in the early stage engineering area (1), and the main reinforcement of the steel reinforcement cage extends to the transition area (2), which is the location of the later stage engineering area (16) close to the early stage engineering area (1); A waterproof component is installed at the target construction joint (3), with one end of the waterproof component extending to the preliminary engineering area (1) and the other end of the waterproof component extending to the transition area (2). An isolation layer (4) is provided for the portion of the main reinforcement and the waterproof component located in the transition zone (2); Concrete was poured into the preliminary engineering area (1) and the transition area (2) to cover the steel reinforcement frame and the waterproof components; Before the start of the later stage of construction, the concrete of the transition zone (2) and the isolation layer (4) are removed to expose the main reinforcement and the waterproof components. To carry out the later stages of engineering construction.

2. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The isolation layer (4) includes an isolation membrane that wraps around the outer surface of the waterproof component and the portion of the main reinforcement located in the transition zone (2).

3. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, After pouring concrete for the preliminary engineering area (1) and the transition area (2), the process further includes: A mark is set on the upper surface of the concrete at the position corresponding to the target construction joint (3).

4. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before constructing the steel reinforcement frame in the preliminary engineering area (1), the following is also included: A cushion layer (5) is poured in the preliminary engineering area (1) and the transition area (2); A side formwork (6) is provided on the side of the transition zone (2) away from the preliminary engineering zone (1); A first waterproof layer (7) is laid on top of the pad layer (5), and the first waterproof layer (7) extends along the side of the side template (6) to the top surface of the side template (6); A protective plate (8) is provided on the side of the first waterproof layer (7) away from the side template (6).

5. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs according to claim 4, characterized in that, The target construction joint (3) is stepped, and the target construction joint (3) has two stepped facades. According to the position and shape of the target construction joint (3), the concrete of the transition zone (2) is removed. The waterproof component includes a set of water-stop steel plates (9) and a set of water-stop strips (10). One of the steps of the target construction joint (3) corresponds to a set of water-stop strips (10), and the water-stop strips (10) are fixed to the first waterproof layer (7). The other step of the target construction joint (3) corresponds to a set of water-stop steel plates (9), and the water-stop steel plates (9) are fixed to the reinforcing steel skeleton.

6. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs according to claim 5, characterized in that, Before pouring the foundation layer (5) in the preliminary engineering area (1) and the transition area (2), the process also includes: A foundation pit is set up in the early engineering area (1) near the target construction joint (3) and in the transition area (2).

7. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs according to claim 4, characterized in that, After pouring concrete for the preliminary engineering area (1) and the transition area (2), the process further includes: A second waterproof layer (11) is laid on the concrete surface of the transition zone (2), one edge of the second waterproof layer (11) extends to the top surface of the side formwork (6), and the other edge of the second waterproof layer (11) extends to the side surface of the building body of the early stage project area (1) near the later stage project area (16). A protective layer (12) is provided for the second waterproof layer (11).

8. The phased construction waterproofing method for basement floor slabs according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Before proceeding with the later stages of construction, the following also applies: Water-stop sealant (13) and grouting pipe (14) are installed on the surface of the concrete corresponding to the target construction joint (3) in the preliminary engineering area (1).

9. A construction interval protection structure for a basement floor slab, characterized in that, For protection of target components during the construction interval before the later stages of construction, the target components include main reinforcement and waterproofing components extending to the transition zone (2), the transition zone (2) being the location of the later stages of construction zone (16) near the earlier stages of construction zone (1), the construction interval protection structure of the basement floor slab includes: An isolation layer (4) is wrapped around the outer surface of the portion of the main reinforcement and the waterproof component located in the transition zone (2); Plain concrete protective body (15) is filled in the transition zone (2). The plain concrete protective body (15) covers the main reinforcement, the waterproof component and the isolation layer (4). The plain concrete protective body (15) is integrally cast with the basement floor slab of the preliminary engineering zone (1).

10. The construction interval protection structure for the basement floor slab according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: Side formwork (6) is set on the side of the plain concrete protective body (15) away from the preliminary engineering area (1); The first waterproof layer (7) is disposed at the bottom layer of the transition area (2) and the preliminary engineering area (1), and the first waterproof layer (7) extends along the side of the side formwork (6) to the top surface of the side formwork (6); The protective plate (8) is disposed on the side of the first waterproof layer (7) away from the side formwork (6), and the protective plate (8) is located on the side of the plain concrete protective body (15) close to the side formwork (6). The second waterproof layer (11) is provided on the upper surface of the plain concrete protective body (15). One edge of the second waterproof layer (11) extends to the top surface of the side formwork (6), and the other edge of the second waterproof layer (11) extends to the side surface of the building body of the early stage project area (1) near the later stage project area (16). A protective layer (12) is disposed on the second waterproof layer (11).

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