Exhaust device and hot infrared camouflage smoke elimination device and cooling device having the same

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of thermal infrared camouflage technology, and discloses an exhaust device, a shelter is located above, on the side or below the exhaust nozzle, a shelter is arranged in front of the outlet of the thermal exhaust nozzle, and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle is not directly exposed in the direction of reconnaissance through the shelter. Meanwhile, a ventilation device is arranged to send ambient air between the shelter and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle to form an ambient air isolation layer, so that the hot air flow flowing to the shelter due to the shelter blockage cannot heat the shelter. The shelter comprises thermal insulation material or has a gas space inside, and the thermal resistance is large, so that the surface temperature of the observable shelter is close to or completely the same as the ambient temperature, and the thermal infrared exposure sign of the outlet of the exhaust nozzle is reduced. A thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device is also disclosed, which comprises a smoke elimination device and the above exhaust device. A thermal infrared camouflage cooling device is also disclosed, which comprises a cooling tower and the above exhaust device. The thermal infrared exposure problem of high-temperature exhaust targets such as diesel power stations and cooling towers is solved.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention relates to the field of thermal infrared camouflage technology, and in particular to an exhaust device and a thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device and a cooling device having the same. Background technology:

[0002] Diesel engines, gasoline engines, cooling towers, and other heat sources are widely used on battlefields or in military engineering. These devices emit hot gases during operation, or can be ventilated by fans or other ventilation equipment to dissipate heat through these hot gases. The openings of these hot gas exhaust channels exhibit obvious thermal infrared exposure, making them thermal infrared targets on the battlefield and vulnerable to attack. Patent applications with application numbers 202322887702.3 and 202220462339.3 involve exhaust devices that provide thermal infrared camouflage for the openings of these hot gas exhaust channels. In these patent applications, the opening of the hot gas exhaust channel is generally referred to as an exhaust nozzle; in addition to the exhaust nozzle, it also includes shielding objects or sleeves, which are collectively referred to as shielding objects in this invention. The shielding objects are located above or around the exhaust nozzle. In these patent applications, to prevent the hot gases emitted from the exhaust nozzle from heating the shielding object, the direction of the exhaust nozzle outlet is designed to avoid the shielding object as much as possible. This causes the following problem: when a thermal imager is used to take a picture from the air at a certain angle or towards the exhaust nozzle, the exhaust outlet can be captured. Since the exhaust outlet emits hot gas, its temperature is much higher than the ambient temperature, resulting in obvious thermal infrared exposure and making it detectable, thus failing to meet the requirements for thermal infrared camouflage. When applied to heat sources with large hot gas flow rates, such as cooling towers, and when the exhaust nozzle is large, such as with a diameter of 1 meter or more, the exposure is even more obvious. Summary of the Invention:

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problems existing in the prior art and provide an exhaust device with a simple structure that can reduce the thermal infrared exposure of the exhaust nozzle outlet.

[0004] The present invention also provides a thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device, which has the above-mentioned exhaust device and can reduce the optical and thermal infrared exposure characteristics of exhaust heat sources such as diesel generators.

[0005] The present invention also provides a thermal infrared camouflage cooling device having the above-mentioned exhaust device, which can reduce the optical and thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the cooling tower.

[0006] The technical solution of this invention is:

[0007] An exhaust device includes an exhaust nozzle and a shield. The exhaust nozzle has an inlet and an outlet. The inlet of the exhaust nozzle is a hot air inlet. The shield A is located above, to the side or below the exhaust nozzle, and the shield A is located in front of the outlet of the exhaust nozzle.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a first ventilation device, wherein there is a gas passage between the shield and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle, the outlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the gas passage, and the inlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the ambient air.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, the shielding object A includes thermal insulation material D or has a gas space inside the shielding object A.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes thermal insulation material E, and the wall surface of the exhaust nozzle is provided with thermal insulation material E.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a flow guiding device, which is located at the inlet of the gas channel, and the obstruction A is larger than the outlet of the exhaust nozzle.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a second ventilation device. The gas space inside the shield A has an inlet and an outlet on the surface of the shield A. The outlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the inlet of the gas space inside the shield A, and the inlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the ambient air.

[0013] A thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device includes a smoke elimination device and the aforementioned exhaust device. The outlet of the smoke elimination device is connected to the inlet of the exhaust nozzle of the exhaust device. The inlet of the smoke elimination device is a hot flue gas inlet. The smoke elimination device is an electrostatic precipitator or a filter dust collector.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a shield B, which is disposed above the thermal infrared camouflage and smoke elimination device.

[0015] A thermal infrared camouflage cooling device includes a cooling tower and the aforementioned exhaust device, wherein the outlet of the cooling tower and the inlet of the exhaust nozzle of the exhaust device are connected.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution, it also includes a shielding object C, which is disposed above the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device.

[0017] The principle of this invention is as follows:

[0018] The principle of the exhaust device is as follows: hot gas enters through the inlet of the exhaust nozzle, passes through the nozzle, and exits through the outlet. A shield is located above, to the side, or below the exhaust nozzle, and there is a gas passage between the shield and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle.

[0019] If the hot gas velocity at the exhaust outlet is high, a negative pressure will form near the exhaust outlet. Ambient air will be drawn into the gas channel between the shield and the exhaust outlet, forming a layer of ambient air between the shield and the hot gas exiting the exhaust outlet. This layer of ambient air isolates the hot gas from the shield, preventing the shield from being heated. This insulating ambient air layer is called an ambient air isolation layer, and this technique of using ambient air to isolate hot gas is also called air layer isolation technology. In this invention, a shield A is provided in front of the exhaust outlet. The hot gas flowing from the exhaust outlet will flow towards shield A, be blocked by shield A, and then flow towards the shield. This hot gas will weaken or destroy the aforementioned ambient air isolation layer. However, if only part of the exhaust outlet is blocked or the shape of the shield is adjusted so that the airflow pattern at the exhaust outlet does not change significantly, the ambient air isolation layer can still be preserved, and the shield can still not be heated.

[0020] The purpose of setting up the first ventilation device is to better form the ambient air isolation layer. The outlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the gas channel between the shield and the exhaust outlet, and the inlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the ambient air. When the first ventilation device is activated, the inlet draws in ambient air and sends it to the airflow channel from the outlet, forming an ambient air layer between the shield and the hot air discharged from the exhaust outlet. This ambient air layer isolates the hot air discharged from the exhaust outlet from the shield, thus preventing the shield from being heated. Because the ambient air supplied by the first ventilation device can form an ambient air isolation layer, the velocity of the hot air at the exhaust outlet does not need to be high, and it does not need to have an entraining effect. The low velocity of the hot air at the exhaust outlet results in a low impact on the shield A in front, and the airflow towards the shield after being blocked by shield A is not strong, making it easier to form an ambient air isolation layer and preventing the shield from being heated. Generally, the hot air emission velocity of heat sources is low, so this arrangement of the present invention has a wider range of applications.

[0021] The hot gas discharged from the exhaust nozzle blows towards the shield A. The surface of shield A facing the exhaust nozzle outlet is heated by the hot gas. Since most materials have a certain thermal resistance, the surface temperature of shield A facing away from the exhaust nozzle outlet is lower than the outlet temperature. This surface is the one observed by enemy reconnaissance instruments, thus reducing thermal infrared exposure. The insulation material D has a high thermal resistance. When shield A contains a gas space, the thermal resistance of the gas space is also high due to the high thermal resistance of the gas. In other words, shield A, including insulation material D or the presence of a gas space within it, increases the thermal resistance of shield A, resulting in an even lower surface temperature facing away from the exhaust nozzle outlet and further reducing thermal infrared exposure.

[0022] Because hot gas flows inside the exhaust nozzle, the temperature of the exhaust nozzle wall is relatively high. The exhaust nozzle wall is equipped with heat insulation material E, which can reduce the thermal infrared exposure of the exhaust nozzle.

[0023] The airflow guiding device is located at the inlet of the gas passage between the shield and the exhaust outlet. Its function is to guide the airflow entering the gas passage, allowing ambient air to better separate the hot air discharged from the exhaust outlet from the shield. For example, it can guide more ambient air towards the area blocked by the shield (A), ensuring the formation of an ambient air isolation layer and preventing the shield from being heated. It can also guide ambient air towards other easily heated areas. Furthermore, the airflow guiding device can also shield the primary ventilation equipment behind it, reducing exposure symptoms to the primary ventilation equipment.

[0024] The gas space within obstruction A has an inlet and an outlet on its surface. The outlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the inlet of the gas space within obstruction A, and the inlet of the second ventilation device is connected to ambient air. Driven by the second ventilation device, ambient air is supplied to the gas space within obstruction A. The outlet of obstruction A can be located on a surface or edge that can be observed by enemy reconnaissance instruments. Because ambient air flows inside obstruction A, and ambient air flows out of the outlet, the surface temperature of obstruction A as observed by enemy reconnaissance instruments can be made to be essentially the same as the ambient temperature.

[0025] The size of the obstruction A can be determined depending on the situation. If the requirements are not high, it can be roughly the same size as the exhaust outlet. This largely obstructs the exhaust outlet, significantly reducing the exposure symptoms. The obstruction A also has a relatively small effect on blocking the hot airflow from the exhaust outlet, resulting in less intense hot air guiding the obstruction and making it easier to form an ambient air barrier between the obstruction and the hot air exiting the exhaust outlet. However, if higher requirements are needed, the obstruction A can be larger than the exhaust outlet, completely obstructing it and minimizing the exposure symptoms to the exhaust outlet. In this case, the obstruction A has a greater effect on blocking the hot airflow from the exhaust outlet, resulting in more intense hot air guiding the obstruction and making it less likely for an ambient air barrier to form between the obstruction and the hot air exiting the exhaust outlet. To form an ambient air barrier, a primary ventilation device or a device with a larger airflow or pressure head may be required. This reduces the thermal infrared exposure symptoms of the exhaust outlet without creating a new thermal infrared exposure target.

[0026] The principle of thermal infrared camouflage smoke suppression devices is as follows: Heat sources such as diesel engines that emit smoke are major heat sources on the battlefield. Their smoke is colored, resulting in obvious optical exposure. Smoke suppression devices can eliminate this smoke, reducing its optical exposure. Electrostatic precipitators can eliminate black smoke and white or blue mist in the exhaust, completely eliminating optical exposure. Filter-type dust collectors use ceramic or metal filters to remove solid particles from the exhaust, eliminating only black smoke and reducing its optical exposure. When the exhaust pipes of these heat sources are connected to the inlet of the smoke suppression device, the smoke passes through the device, reducing its optical exposure. The outlet of the smoke suppression device is connected to the inlet of the exhaust nozzle of the exhaust system, reducing the thermal infrared exposure at the exhaust outlet. Since reconnaissance of ground targets generally comes from above, placing a shield (B) above the thermal infrared camouflage smoke suppression device is the most effective way to reduce exposure. Shield B can be camouflage netting, sheet metal, or concrete slabs, etc. If necessary, other obstructions can be installed on the sides of the thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device, or the obstructions can be connected to form an equipment room, with openings in the equipment room for the thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device to exhaust smoke, allow smoke in, or allow air in. Obstruction B can reduce the optical and thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device.

[0027] The principle of the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device is as follows: Cooling towers are heat dissipation devices in underground military engineering projects such as command posts and communication systems. Their exhaust temperatures are high, and the outlet exhibits significant thermal infrared exposure. The outlet of the cooling tower is connected to the inlet of the exhaust nozzle of the exhaust device. The exhaust is discharged to the outside through the exhaust device. Because the exhaust device reduces the thermal infrared exposure of the exhaust outlet, it effectively reduces the thermal infrared exposure of the cooling tower's exhaust outlet. Reconnaissance of ground targets generally originates from above. Placing a shield C above the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device is the most effective way to reduce exposure. The shield C can be camouflage netting, sheet metal, or concrete slabs, etc. If necessary, other shields can also be placed on the sides of the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device, or the shields can be connected to form an equipment room with openings for exhaust or intake air. Placing the shield C reduces the optical and thermal infrared exposure of the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device's exterior.

[0028] Here are a few points to note:

[0029] 1. In this invention, the shielding object can be a flat plate or an arc-shaped plate, etc. When the exhaust nozzle is located in the equipment room, it can also be the enclosure structure of the equipment room, such as a ceiling or wall, and sometimes it can be the ground. The shielding object can be installed in one location of the exhaust nozzle; or it can be installed in multiple locations simultaneously. To facilitate fixing the exhaust nozzle and the shielding object, connecting ventilation equipment, etc., connecting objects such as plates or brackets can also be installed in other locations around the exhaust nozzle.

[0030] 2. In this invention, there is a gas channel between the shield and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle, and the outlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the gas channel. As long as the outlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the gas channel, the air outlet of the first ventilation device can enter the gas channel, regardless of the manner or location by which the air outlet enters the channel, it is included within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0031] 3. The flow guiding device described in this invention is located at the inlet of the gas passage between the shield and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle. This means it can be located at the inlet or adjacent to it. Located here, it guides the ambient air entering the gas passage, directing it primarily towards the shield, thus facilitating the formation of an ambient air isolation layer between the shield and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle. A portion of the flow guiding device can also be used to direct some ambient air to other areas that may be heated by hot air. The flow guiding device can be a plate-like object or other forms; anything that can guide airflow is included within the scope of this invention.

[0032] 4. A cavity inside the shielding object A constitutes a gas space within the shielding object A as described in this invention; a space formed by bending or recessing the shielding object A to accommodate gas also constitutes a gas space within the shielding object A as described in this invention; the shielding object A may include multiple objects, and a structure composed of multiple objects having a gas space also constitutes a gas space within the shielding object A as described in this invention; all of these are included within the scope of protection of this invention. The gas space within the shielding object A is not necessarily closed; it may have openings.

[0033] 5. When the hot gas from the exhaust nozzle flows towards the obstruction A, the direction of the hot gas flow will change due to the obstruction of A. However, the direction of this change is greatly related to the shape and placement of the obstruction A. If the obstruction A is a flat plate, tilted in front of the exhaust nozzle outlet, the hot gas discharged from the exhaust nozzle outlet can be guided along the surface of the obstruction A facing the exhaust nozzle outlet to the outside of the exhaust nozzle, such as to the obstruction or other directions. Generally, guiding to the obstruction is more reasonable because when guiding to the obstruction, the surface of the obstruction A that is heated by the hot gas impact faces the obstruction, which can better shield the heated surface of the obstruction A, reducing thermal infrared exposure symptoms. At the same time, the obstruction will not become a new thermal infrared exposure target due to the gas layer isolation effect. However, if there are no surrounding objects that can be heated in other directions, and heating surrounding objects will not create a new thermal infrared exposure target, then guiding to other directions is also an option.

[0034] The present invention has the following advantages over the prior art:

[0035] 1. The exhaust device of the present invention has a shield A in front of the exhaust nozzle outlet, so that the outlet of the high-temperature exhaust nozzle is not directly exposed in the reconnaissance direction. Simultaneously, a first ventilation device supplies ambient air between the shield and the exhaust nozzle outlet to form an ambient air isolation layer, preventing the hot airflow flowing towards the shield A from heating it. The shield A includes insulating material or contains a gas space, and ambient air is supplied to the shield A through a second ventilation device, ensuring that the surface temperature of the shield A, observable by enemy reconnaissance instruments, is close to or exactly the same as the ambient temperature, reducing the thermal infrared exposure sign of the exhaust nozzle outlet and preventing the formation of a new thermal infrared exposure target. When the shield A is larger than the exhaust nozzle outlet, it can better or completely block the exhaust nozzle outlet, making it unobservable by enemy reconnaissance instruments and completely eliminating the thermal infrared exposure sign of the exhaust nozzle outlet. The technical concept of the present invention is significantly different from the prior art, and its beneficial effects are obvious.

[0036] 2. The present invention provides a first ventilation device and a flow guiding device, which makes it easier to form an ambient air isolation layer between the shield and the hot air discharged from the exhaust nozzle, thereby reducing the thermal infrared exposure of the shield.

[0037] 3. The flow guiding device of the present invention can shield the first ventilation equipment behind it, thereby reducing the exposure symptoms of the first ventilation equipment.

[0038] 4. The thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device of the present invention combines the smoke elimination device with the above-mentioned exhaust device, and provides a shield B on the upper part, which can reduce the optical and thermal infrared exposure characteristics of exhaust heat sources such as diesel generators.

[0039] 5. The thermal infrared camouflage cooling device of the present invention combines the cooling tower and the above-mentioned exhaust device, and provides a shielding object C on the upper part, which can reduce the optical and thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the cooling tower. Attached image description:

[0040] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the exhaust device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the FF cross-section;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the exhaust device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the HH cross-section;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0048] In the diagram, 1 is the exhaust nozzle, 2 is the shield, 3 is the exhaust nozzle inlet, 4 is the exhaust nozzle outlet, 5 is the first ventilation device, 6 is the gas passage between the shield and the exhaust nozzle outlet, 7 is the outlet of the first ventilation device, 8 is the inlet of the first ventilation device, 9 is the insulation material on the exhaust nozzle wall, 10 is the flow guiding device, 11 is the inlet of the gas passage between the shield and the exhaust nozzle outlet, 12 is the first connecting pipe, 13 is the smoke elimination device, 14 is the outlet of the smoke elimination device, 15 is the inlet of the smoke elimination device, 16 is shield B, 17 is the second connecting pipe, 18 is the insulation material of the second connecting pipe, 19 is the cooling tower, 20 is the cooling tower outlet, 21 is the third connecting pipe, 22 is the shield C, and 23 is the third connecting pipe. The pipe's insulation material, 24 is a connector, 25 is a shield A including insulation material D, 26 is a shield A with an internal gas space, 27 is a gas space inside shield A26, 28 is a second ventilation device, 29 is the inlet of gas space 27 on the surface of shield A26, 30 is the outlet of gas space 27 at the edge of surface 36 of shield A26, 31 is the inlet of the second ventilation device, 32 is the surface of shield A25 facing the outlet of the exhaust nozzle, 33 is the surface of shield A25 facing away from the outlet of the exhaust nozzle, 34 is the outlet of surface 36, 35 is the surface of shield A26 facing the outlet of the exhaust nozzle, 36 is the surface of shield A26 facing away from the outlet of the exhaust nozzle, and 37 is the outlet of the second ventilation device. Detailed implementation method:

[0049] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 An exhaust device is shown, including an exhaust nozzle 1 and a shield 2. The exhaust nozzle 1 has an inlet 3 and an outlet 4. The inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is a hot air inlet. The device also includes a shield A25. The shield 2 is located above the exhaust nozzle 1, and the shield A25 is located in front of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1.

[0052] It also includes a first ventilation device 5, with a gas passage 6 between the shield 2 and the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1, the outlet 5 of the first ventilation device 5 and the gas passage 6 being connected, and the inlet 8 of the first ventilation device 5 being connected to the ambient air.

[0053] The shielding material A25 includes thermal insulation material D.

[0054] It also includes thermal insulation material E, and the wall surface of the exhaust nozzle 1 is provided with thermal insulation material E9.

[0055] It also includes a flow guiding device 10, which is located at the inlet 11 of the gas channel 6, and the obstruction A25 is larger than the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. The flow guiding device 10 is an adjustable-angle flat plate.

[0056] The shield A25 is a flat plate that is inclinedly installed in front of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. The hot gas discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 can be guided to the shield 2 along the surface 32 of the shield A25 toward the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1.

[0057] The shield 2 is an arc-shaped plate. To facilitate fixing the exhaust nozzle 1 and connecting the first ventilation device 5, a connector 24 is provided at the lower part of the exhaust nozzle 1. The connector 24 is also an arc-shaped plate. The connector 24 is connected to the shield 2, which can fix the exhaust nozzle 1 and can also be conveniently connected to the ventilation device 5 or the first connecting pipe 12 together with the shield 2.

[0058] The thick dashed arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of hot gas flow, while the thick solid arrows indicate the direction of ambient air flow.

[0059] The principle of the exhaust device in this embodiment is as follows: hot gas enters from the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1, passes through the exhaust nozzle 1, and is discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. A shield 2 is located above the exhaust nozzle 1, and a gas channel 6 exists between the shield 2 and the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. The outlet 7 of the first ventilation device 5 and the gas channel 6 are connected through a first connecting pipe 12, and the inlet 8 of the first ventilation device 5 is connected to the ambient air. When the first ventilation device 5 is activated, the inlet 8 of the first ventilation device 5 draws in ambient air and sends it from the outlet 7 through the first connecting pipe 12 into the airflow channel 6. A layer of ambient air is formed between the shield 2 and the hot gas discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. This layer of ambient air isolates the hot gas discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 from the shield 2, thus preventing the shield 2 from being heated. Because the ambient air supplied by the first ventilation device 12 can form an ambient air isolation layer, the velocity of the hot gas at the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 does not need to be high, and it does not need to have an ejector effect. The hot air velocity at the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is not high, so its impact on the obstruction A25 in front is low. After being blocked by the obstruction A25, the airflow towards the shield 2 is not strong, making it easier to form an ambient air isolation layer, so that the shield 2 is not heated.

[0060] The hot gas discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 blows toward the shield A25. The surface 32 of the shield A25 facing the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 will be heated by the hot gas. The shield A includes insulation material D. The insulation material has a large thermal resistance. Therefore, the temperature of the surface 33 of the shield A25 facing away from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 will be lower than the temperature of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. The surface 33 of the shield A25 facing away from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is the surface observed by enemy reconnaissance instruments. The thermal infrared exposure characteristics of this low-temperature surface are greatly reduced compared with the thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1, that is, the thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 are greatly reduced.

[0061] Because hot gas flows inside the exhaust nozzle 1, the wall temperature of the exhaust nozzle 1 is relatively high. The exhaust nozzle 1 is equipped with thermal insulation material E9, which can reduce the thermal infrared exposure of the exhaust nozzle 1.

[0062] The airflow guiding device 10 is located at the inlet 11 of the gas passage 6 between the shield 2 and the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. Its function is to guide the airflow entering the gas passage 6, allowing the ambient air to better separate the hot air discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 from the shield 2. For example, it can guide more ambient air towards the part of the shield 2 that is blocked by the shield A25, ensuring the formation of an ambient air isolation layer and preventing the shield 2 from being heated. The airflow guiding device 10 can guide the airflow through the air passage 6 as shown in the figure, or it can adjust the angle of some of the plate-shaped airflow guiding device to direct some of the airflow to other parts that may be heated by the hot air. Furthermore, the airflow guiding device 10 can also shield the first ventilation equipment 5 behind it, reducing the exposure symptoms of the first ventilation equipment 5.

[0063] The obstruction A25 is larger than the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1, completely blocking the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 horizontally, greatly reducing the exposure symptoms of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. At this time, the obstruction effect of the obstruction A25 on the hot airflow discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is relatively large, and the hot air guided by the obstruction 2 is strong, making it difficult to form an ambient air isolation layer between the obstruction 2 and the hot air discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. In this embodiment, a first ventilation device 5 and a flow guiding device 10 are provided, which can mechanically drive the ambient air and guide it to still form an ambient air isolation layer at this location. In this way, the thermal infrared exposure symptoms of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 are reduced, but at the same time, no new thermal infrared exposure target is formed.

[0064] like Figure 3 The present invention relates to a thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device, comprising a smoke elimination device 13 and the aforementioned exhaust device. The outlet 14 of the smoke elimination device 13 and the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a second connecting pipe 17. The inlet 15 of the smoke elimination device 13 is a hot flue gas inlet. The smoke elimination device 13 is an electrostatic precipitator.

[0065] It also includes a shield B16, which is positioned above the thermal infrared camouflage and smoke-eliminating device. The shield B16 is a concrete slab.

[0066] The principle of the thermal infrared camouflage smoke suppression device is as follows: Heat sources such as diesel engines that emit smoke are major heat sources on the battlefield. Their smoke is colored, and its optical exposure is obvious. The smoke suppression device 13 is an electrostatic precipitator that can eliminate the optical exposure of the smoke. After the exhaust pipes of these heat sources are connected to the inlet 15 of the smoke suppression device 13, the optical exposure of the smoke is reduced as it passes through the device. The outlet 14 of the smoke suppression device 13 and the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a connecting pipe 17, which reduces the thermal infrared exposure of the exhaust outlet. Since reconnaissance of ground targets generally comes from above, placing the obstruction B16 above the thermal infrared camouflage smoke suppression device is the most effective way to reduce exposure.

[0067] like Figure 4 The thermal infrared camouflage cooling device shown includes a cooling tower 19 and the aforementioned exhaust device. The outlet 20 of the cooling tower 19 and the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a third connecting pipe 21.

[0068] It also includes a shielding object C22, which is positioned above the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device. The shielding object C22 is an iron plate.

[0069] The principle of the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device is as follows: Cooling tower 19 is a heat dissipation device for underground military engineering projects such as command posts and communication systems. Its exhaust temperature is high, and the outlet exhibits obvious thermal infrared exposure characteristics. The outlet 20 of cooling tower 19 and the inlet 3 of exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a third connecting pipe 21. The exhaust from cooling tower 19 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust device. Because the exhaust device can reduce the thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the outlet 4 of exhaust nozzle 1, the thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the cooling tower exhaust outlet can be reduced by using the exhaust device. Generally, reconnaissance of ground targets mainly comes from above the target. Placing the obstruction C22 above the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device can most effectively reduce exposure.

[0070] Example 2:

[0071] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 An exhaust device is shown, including an exhaust nozzle 1 and a shield 2. The exhaust nozzle 1 has an inlet 3 and an outlet 4. The inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is a hot air inlet. The device also includes a shield A26. The shield 2 is located above the exhaust nozzle 1, and the shield A26 is located in front of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1.

[0072] It also includes a first ventilation device 5, with a gas passage 6 between the shield 2 and the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1, the outlet 5 of the first ventilation device 5 and the gas passage 6 being connected, and the inlet 8 of the first ventilation device 5 being connected to the ambient air.

[0073] The shield A26 contains a gas space 27.

[0074] It also includes thermal insulation material E, and the wall surface of the exhaust nozzle 1 is provided with thermal insulation material E9.

[0075] It also includes a flow guiding device 10, which is located at the inlet 11 of the gas channel 6, and the obstruction A is larger than the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. The flow guiding device 10 is an adjustable-angle flat plate.

[0076] It also includes a second ventilation device 28, wherein the gas space 27 within the shield A26 has an inlet 29 and an outlet on the surface of the shield A26, the outlet 37 of the second ventilation device 28 is connected to the inlet 29 of the gas space 27 within the shield A26, and the inlet 31 of the second ventilation device 28 is connected to the ambient air.

[0077] The outlet of the gas space 27 inside the obstruction A26 is located on the surface 36, such as outlet 34, or on the edge of the surface 36, such as outlet 30, which can be observed by enemy reconnaissance instruments.

[0078] The shield 2 is an arc-shaped plate. To facilitate fixing the exhaust nozzle 1 and connecting the first ventilation device 5, a connector 24 is provided at the lower part of the exhaust nozzle 1. The connector 24 is also an arc-shaped plate. The connector 24 is connected to the shield 2, which can fix the exhaust nozzle 1 and can also be conveniently connected to the ventilation device 5 or the first connecting pipe 12 together with the shield 2.

[0079] The thick dashed arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of hot gas flow, while the thick solid arrows indicate the direction of ambient air flow.

[0080] The principle of the exhaust device in this embodiment is as follows: hot gas enters from the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1, passes through the exhaust nozzle 1, and is discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. A shield 2 is located above the exhaust nozzle 1, and a gas channel 6 exists between the shield 2 and the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. The outlet 7 of the first ventilation device 5 and the gas channel 6 are connected through a first connecting pipe 12, and the inlet 8 of the first ventilation device 5 is connected to the ambient air. When the first ventilation device 5 is activated, the inlet 8 of the first ventilation device 5 draws in ambient air and sends it from the outlet 7 through the first connecting pipe 12 into the airflow channel 6. A layer of ambient air is formed between the shield 2 and the hot gas discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. This layer of ambient air isolates the hot gas discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 from the shield 2, thus preventing the shield 2 from being heated. Because the ambient air supplied by the first ventilation device 12 can form an ambient air isolation layer, the velocity of the hot gas at the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 does not need to be high, and it does not need to have an ejector effect. The hot air velocity at the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is not high, so its impact on the obstruction A26 in front is low. After being blocked by the obstruction A26, the airflow to the shield 2 is not strong, making it easier to form an ambient air isolation layer, so that the shield 2 is not heated.

[0081] The hot gas discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 blows toward the shield A26. The surface 35 of the shield A26 facing the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 will be heated by the hot gas. There is a gas space 27 inside the shield A26. Because the thermal resistance of the gas is large, the thermal resistance of the gas space 27 is also large, which makes the surface 36 of the shield A26 away from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 have a lower temperature. The surface 36 of the shield A26 away from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is the surface observed by enemy reconnaissance instruments. The thermal infrared exposure of this low-temperature surface is greatly reduced compared with the thermal infrared exposure of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1, that is, the thermal infrared exposure of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is greatly reduced.

[0082] The gas space 27 within the obstruction A26 has an inlet 29 and an outlet on its surface. The outlet 37 of the second ventilation device 28 is connected to the inlet 29 of the gas space 27 within the obstruction A26, and the inlet 31 of the second ventilation device 28 is connected to ambient air. Driven by the second ventilation device 28, ambient air is supplied to the gas space 27 within the obstruction A26. The outlets of the obstruction A26 are located on the surface 36, such as outlet 34, or on the edge of the surface 36, such as outlet 30, which are observable by enemy reconnaissance instruments. Because ambient air flows within the obstruction A26, and ambient air flows out of outlets 34 and 30, the ambient air flowing out of outlet 34 ensures that the temperature of the surface 36 is essentially the same as the ambient temperature, and the ambient air flowing out of outlet 30 ensures that the temperature of the edge of the surface 36 is essentially the same as the ambient temperature. This ensures that the surface temperature of the obstruction A26 observed by enemy reconnaissance instruments is essentially the same as the ambient temperature. Thus, supplying ambient air into the obstruction A26 further reduces thermal infrared exposure signs.

[0083] Because hot gas flows inside the exhaust nozzle 1, the wall temperature of the exhaust nozzle 1 is relatively high. The exhaust nozzle 1 is equipped with thermal insulation material E9, which can reduce the thermal infrared exposure of the exhaust nozzle 1.

[0084] The airflow guiding device 10 is located at the inlet 11 of the gas passage 6 between the shield 2 and the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. Its function is to guide the airflow entering the gas passage 6, allowing the ambient air to better separate the hot air discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 from the shield 2. For example, it can guide more ambient air towards the part of the shield 2 that is blocked by the shield A25, ensuring the formation of an ambient air isolation layer and preventing the shield 2 from being heated. The airflow guiding device 10 can guide the airflow through the air passage 6 as shown in the figure, or it can adjust the angle of some of the plate-shaped airflow guiding device to direct some of the airflow to other parts that may be heated by the hot air. Furthermore, the airflow guiding device 10 can also shield the first ventilation equipment 5 behind it, reducing the exposure symptoms of the first ventilation equipment 5.

[0085] The obstruction A26 is larger than the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1, completely blocking the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 horizontally, greatly reducing the exposure symptoms of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. At this time, the obstruction effect of the obstruction A26 on the hot airflow discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 is relatively large, and the hot air guided by the obstruction 2 is strong, making it difficult to form an ambient air isolation layer between the obstruction 2 and the hot air discharged from the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1. In this embodiment, a first ventilation device 5 and a flow guiding device 10 are provided, which can mechanically drive the ambient air and guide it to still form an ambient air isolation layer at this location. In this way, the thermal infrared exposure symptoms of the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1 are reduced, but at the same time, no new thermal infrared exposure target is formed.

[0086] like Figure 7 The present invention relates to a thermal infrared camouflage smoke elimination device, comprising a smoke elimination device 13 and the aforementioned exhaust device. The outlet 14 of the smoke elimination device 13 and the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a second connecting pipe 17. The inlet 15 of the smoke elimination device 13 is a hot flue gas inlet. The smoke elimination device 13 is an electrostatic precipitator.

[0087] It also includes a shield B16, which is positioned above the thermal infrared camouflage and smoke-eliminating device. The shield B16 is a concrete slab.

[0088] The principle of the thermal infrared camouflage smoke suppression device is as follows: Heat sources such as diesel engines that emit smoke are major heat sources on the battlefield. Their smoke is colored, and its optical exposure is obvious. The smoke suppression device 13 is an electrostatic precipitator that can eliminate the optical exposure of the smoke. After the exhaust pipes of these heat sources are connected to the inlet 15 of the smoke suppression device 13, the optical exposure of the smoke is reduced as it passes through the device. The outlet 14 of the smoke suppression device 13 and the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a connecting pipe 17, which reduces the thermal infrared exposure of the exhaust outlet. Since reconnaissance of ground targets generally comes from above, placing the obstruction B16 above the thermal infrared camouflage smoke suppression device is the most effective way to reduce exposure.

[0089] like Figure 8 The thermal infrared camouflage cooling device shown includes a cooling tower 19 and the aforementioned exhaust device. The outlet 20 of the cooling tower 19 and the inlet 3 of the exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a third connecting pipe 21.

[0090] It also includes a shielding object C22, which is positioned above the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device. The shielding object C22 is an iron plate.

[0091] The principle of the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device is as follows: Cooling tower 19 is a heat dissipation device for underground military engineering projects such as command posts and communication systems. Its exhaust temperature is high, and the outlet exhibits obvious thermal infrared exposure characteristics. The outlet 20 of cooling tower 19 and the inlet 3 of exhaust nozzle 1 of the exhaust device are connected by a third connecting pipe 21. The exhaust from cooling tower 19 is discharged to the outside through the exhaust device. Because the exhaust device can reduce the thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the outlet 4 of exhaust nozzle 1, the thermal infrared exposure characteristics of the cooling tower exhaust outlet can be reduced by using the exhaust device. Generally, reconnaissance of ground targets mainly comes from above the target. Placing the obstruction C22 above the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device can most effectively reduce exposure.

[0092] In Examples 1 and 2, if there is no enclosure structure or other obstruction, the walls of the second connecting pipe 17 and the third connecting pipe 21 are insulated with thermal insulation material, such as thermal insulation material 18 for the second connecting pipe and thermal insulation material 23 for the third connecting pipe, to prevent these connecting pipes from being exposed to thermal infrared radiation. The flow guiding device 10 is located inside the inlet 11 of the gas passage 6 between the shield 2 and the outlet 4 of the exhaust nozzle 1, or it can be located inside the first connecting pipe 12 adjacent to the inlet. These locations at the inlet 11 can guide the ambient air entering the gas passage 6.

[0093] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Modifications or equivalent substitutions to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An exhaust device, comprising an exhaust nozzle and a shield, wherein the exhaust nozzle has an inlet and an outlet, and the inlet of the exhaust nozzle is a hot air inlet, characterized in that: It also includes a shield A, which is located above, to the side or below the exhaust nozzle, and the shield A is located in front of the outlet of the exhaust nozzle.

2. The exhaust device according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first ventilation device, wherein there is a gas passage between the shield and the outlet of the exhaust nozzle, the outlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the gas passage, and the inlet of the first ventilation device is connected to the ambient air.

3. The exhaust device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The shielding object A includes thermal insulation material D or has a gas space inside.

4. The exhaust device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes thermal insulation material E, and the wall surface of the exhaust nozzle is provided with thermal insulation material E.

5. The exhaust device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes thermal insulation material E, and the wall surface of the exhaust nozzle is provided with thermal insulation material E.

6. The exhaust device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a flow guiding device, which is located at the inlet of the gas channel, and the obstruction A is larger than the outlet of the exhaust nozzle.

7. The exhaust device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It also includes a flow guiding device, which is located at the inlet of the gas channel, and the obstruction A is larger than the outlet of the exhaust nozzle.

8. The exhaust device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a flow guiding device, which is located at the inlet of the gas channel, and the obstruction A is larger than the outlet of the exhaust nozzle.

9. The exhaust device according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a second ventilation device, wherein the gas space inside the shield A has an inlet and an outlet on the surface of the shield A, the outlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the inlet of the gas space inside the shield A, and the inlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the ambient air.

10. The exhaust device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a second ventilation device, wherein the gas space inside the shield A has an inlet and an outlet on the surface of the shield A, the outlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the inlet of the gas space inside the shield A, and the inlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the ambient air.

11. The exhaust device according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a second ventilation device, wherein the gas space inside the shield A has an inlet and an outlet on the surface of the shield A, the outlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the inlet of the gas space inside the shield A, and the inlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the ambient air.

12. The exhaust device according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a second ventilation device, wherein the gas space inside the shield A has an inlet and an outlet on the surface of the shield A, the outlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the inlet of the gas space inside the shield A, and the inlet of the second ventilation device is connected to the ambient air.

13. A thermal infrared camouflage and smoke elimination device, characterized in that: The device includes a smoke elimination device and an exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the outlet of the smoke elimination device is connected to the inlet of the exhaust nozzle of the exhaust device, the inlet of the smoke elimination device is a hot flue gas inlet, and the smoke elimination device is an electrostatic precipitator or a filter dust collector.

14. The thermal infrared camouflage and smoke elimination device according to claim 13, characterized in that: It also includes a shield B, which is positioned above the thermal infrared camouflage and smoke elimination device.

15. A thermal infrared camouflage cooling device, characterized in that: It includes a cooling tower and an exhaust device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the outlet of the cooling tower and the inlet of the exhaust nozzle of the exhaust device are connected.

16. The thermal infrared camouflage cooling device according to claim 15, characterized in that: It also includes a shielding object C, which is positioned above the thermal infrared camouflage cooling device.

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