A level adjustment device and a pile hole verticality detection system of a pile foundation

Abstract

The application provides a horizontal degree adjusting device and a pile hole verticality detection system of a pile foundation, belongs to the field of building construction, and is used for solving the problem that there is no special device which can efficiently and accurately adjust the pile hole verticality detection device of the pile foundation to a horizontal state; the device comprises a cross beam, a fixing mechanism, a first detection mechanism and an adjusting mechanism, the adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting plate, a limiting block, a first adjusting assembly and a second adjusting assembly; the horizontal degrees of the length direction center line and the width direction center line of the cross beam are adjusted through the first adjusting assembly and the second adjusting assembly, the influence caused by the uneven top of the pile casing or the installation deviation can be effectively eliminated, the cross beam can reach an ideal horizontal state, and the accuracy of subsequent verticality measurement is ensured from the source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction, and in particular relates to a levelness adjustment device and a pile hole verticality detection system for pile foundations. Background Technology

[0002] In pile foundation engineering, the verticality of the borehole is a core indicator for measuring construction quality. Due to factors such as uneven geological conditions and improper construction techniques, verticality deviations such as pile hole tilting and bending are prone to occur during the drilling process of bored piles. If the verticality exceeds the tolerance, it will significantly weaken the bearing capacity of the pile foundation and generate additional bending moment under horizontal loads. In severe cases, it may lead to pile fracture, posing a major safety hazard.

[0003] Before testing the verticality of a pile hole, the testing device is usually installed on the casing at the hole opening. However, the top of the casing is often difficult to keep level due to tilting during installation, uneven ground, or construction disturbance. If the testing device is installed directly on a non-horizontal reference surface, the initial deviation in its posture will directly lead to systematic errors in the verticality measurement data, failing to accurately reflect the actual verticality of the pile hole.

[0004] Currently, on-site leveling often relies on visual inspection by operators or the use of spirit levels and the placement of wooden or steel plates for rough leveling. This method is not only cumbersome and inefficient, but also makes it difficult to guarantee the accuracy and stability of adjustments, failing to meet the quality control requirements of modern high-precision construction.

[0005] Therefore, the existing technology lacks a dedicated device that can efficiently and accurately adjust the pile hole verticality detection device to a horizontal state, which has become a key technical problem restricting the detection accuracy and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art described above, the purpose of this invention is to provide a levelness adjustment device and a pile hole verticality detection system for pile foundations, in order to solve the problem that there is no dedicated device in the prior art that can efficiently and accurately adjust the pile hole verticality detection device to a level state.

[0007] To achieve the above and other related objectives, the present invention provides a leveling adjustment device, comprising: a crossbeam; a fixing mechanism for fixing the crossbeam to a protective sleeve; a first detection mechanism for detecting the levelness of the crossbeam; and an adjustment mechanism for adjusting the levelness of the crossbeam. The adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate, a limiting block, a first adjustment component, and a second adjustment component. The mounting plate is connected to the top of the fixing mechanism; the lower side of the limiting block abuts against the upper side of the crossbeam; the first adjustment component is connected to the mounting plate and the limiting block and is used to adjust the levelness of the centerline of the crossbeam in the length direction relative to the horizontal plane; the second adjustment component is connected to the mounting plate and the limiting block and is used to adjust the levelness of the centerline of the crossbeam in the width direction relative to the horizontal plane.

[0008] Optionally, there are two fixing mechanisms and two adjusting mechanisms, with a fixing mechanism and an adjusting mechanism respectively provided at both ends of the crossbeam.

[0009] Optionally, the first adjustment component includes a first screw and an elastic element; a through hole is provided on the limiting block, and a threaded hole is provided on the mounting plate; one end of the first screw is a knob end, and the other end passes through the through hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole; the elastic element is located between the limiting block and the mounting plate, and is used to apply an upward force to the limiting block so that the upper side of the limiting block abuts against the knob end.

[0010] Optionally, the second adjustment assembly includes two second screws, two nuts, and two elastic washers, with each screw, nut, and elastic washer corresponding to the other. The first screw is located between the two second screws. The two ends of the limiting block are wedge-shaped, and receiving grooves are provided at the corresponding wedge positions. A clearance groove is provided on the crossbeam. The two ends of the mounting plate are rotatably connected to one end of a second screw, and the other end of the second screw passes through the clearance groove and the receiving groove in sequence before being connected to the nut. The elastic washer is sleeved on the second screw and sandwiched between the nut and the wedge-shaped surface of the limiting block.

[0011] Optionally, a limiting groove adapted to the limiting block is provided above the end of the crossbeam, and the limiting block is located in the limiting groove.

[0012] Optionally, the first testing mechanism includes a level mounted on a crossbeam, the level including a tray containing liquid and air bubbles.

[0013] Optionally, each fixing mechanism includes two spaced-apart arc-shaped clamping plates, the distance between the two arc-shaped clamping plates being less than or equal to the thickness of the protective sleeve; the mounting plate is connected to the top of the two arc-shaped clamping plates.

[0014] Optionally, two guide blocks are provided at intervals at the ends of the crossbeam. The distance between the two guide blocks is greater than the thickness of the casing, and the distance gradually increases in the direction away from the crossbeam.

[0015] On the other hand, a pile hole verticality detection system for pile foundations is also provided, including a second detection mechanism and a levelness adjustment device as described above; the second detection mechanism is mounted on a crossbeam and is used to detect the verticality of the pile hole.

[0016] Optionally, the second detection mechanism includes a plumb bob and multiple metal induction plates, with the plumb bob positioned on the lower side of the crossbeam; the multiple metal induction plates are arranged circumferentially around the plumb bob.

[0017] As described above, the horizontality adjustment device and the pile hole verticality detection system of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: by setting the first adjustment component and the second adjustment component, the horizontality of the center line in the length direction and the center line in the width direction of the crossbeam are adjusted respectively, which can effectively eliminate the influence of unevenness or installation deviation at the top of the casing, ensure that the crossbeam reaches the ideal horizontal state, and guarantee the accuracy of subsequent verticality measurement from the source. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The diagram shows a pile hole verticality detection device of the present invention installed on the casing.

[0019] Figure 2 The diagram shows an angle structure of a pile hole verticality detection device for a pile foundation according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 The diagram shows an angled structure of the end of the beam of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing another angle of the end of the beam of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a partial cutaway view of the crossbeam of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 Displayed as Figure 5 An enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram.

[0024] Component designation explanation: 1. Crossbeam; 11. Limiting groove; 12. Guide block. 2. Fixing mechanism; 21. Arc-shaped clamping plate; 3. First testing agency; 31. Level; 4. Adjustment mechanism; 41. Mounting plate; 42. Limiting block; 43. First adjustment assembly; 431. First screw; 432. Elastic element; 44. Second adjustment assembly; 441. Second screw; 442. Nut; 443. Elastic washer. 5. Second detection mechanism, 51. Suspension hammer, 52. Metal induction plate, 53. Support beam, 54. Distance detection component, 55. Roller. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0026] Please refer to all the accompanying drawings below. It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc., depicted in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes to aid those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Therefore, they have no substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, without affecting the effectiveness and purpose of the invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed in this invention. Furthermore, the terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of the invention.

[0027] The following embodiments are for illustrative purposes only. These embodiments can be combined and are not limited to the content shown in any single embodiment below.

[0028] Please see Figure 1-6 This invention provides a leveling adjustment device, comprising: a crossbeam 1, a fixing mechanism 2, a first detection mechanism 3, and an adjustment mechanism 4. The fixing mechanism 2 is used to fix the crossbeam 1 to the protective sleeve. The first detection mechanism 3 is used to detect the levelness of the crossbeam 1. The adjustment mechanism 4 is used to adjust the levelness of the crossbeam 1.

[0029] In this embodiment, the crossbeam 1 is a rigid beam that spans above the casing of the pile hole to be tested. The fixing mechanism 2 is installed at both ends of the crossbeam 1 to securely fix the entire device to the top edge of the casing. The first detection mechanism 3 is connected between the fixing mechanism 2 and the crossbeam 1 to adjust the orientation of the crossbeam 1, ensuring it is horizontal and establishing a reliable reference for subsequent accurate measurements.

[0030] The adjustment mechanism 4 may include a mounting plate 41, a limiting block 42, a first adjustment component 43, and a second adjustment component 44; the mounting plate 41 is connected to the top of the fixing mechanism 2; the lower side of the limiting block 42 abuts against the upper side of the crossbeam 1; the first adjustment component 43 is connected to the mounting plate 41 and the limiting block 42 and is used to adjust the levelness of the center line of the crossbeam 1 in the length direction relative to the horizontal plane; the second adjustment component 44 is connected to the mounting plate 41 and the limiting block 42 and is used to adjust the levelness of the center line of the crossbeam 1 in the width direction relative to the horizontal plane.

[0031] At each end of the crossbeam 1, a fixing mechanism 2 and an adjusting mechanism 4 are installed. Each fixing mechanism 2 is used to fix to one side of the casing, and each adjusting mechanism 4 is connected between the fixing mechanism 2 on that side and the end of the crossbeam 1, used to adjust the angle of that end relative to the fixing mechanism 2. The operator installs the fixing mechanisms 2 at both ends on both sides of the casing. Then, by adjusting the adjusting mechanism 4 at each end, the inclination of the left and right ends of the crossbeam 1 can be changed respectively, thereby adjusting the overall levelness of the crossbeam 1. The design of adjusting at both ends makes the levelness adjustment more flexible and precise. Compared with single-point adjustment, this bilateral adjustment method can more effectively eliminate the influence of unevenness or installation deviation at the top of the casing, ensuring that the crossbeam 1 reaches an ideal level state, and guaranteeing the accuracy of subsequent verticality measurements from the source.

[0032] The first adjusting assembly 43 may include a first screw 431 and an elastic element 432. A through hole is provided on the limiting block 42, and a threaded hole is provided on the mounting plate 41. One end of the first screw 431 is a knob end, and its outer contour is larger than the diameter of the through hole. The other end of the first screw 431 passes through the through hole and is threaded into the threaded hole. Both ends of the crossbeam 1 are also provided with U-shaped openings for the first screw 431 to pass through. The elastic element 432 is located between the limiting block 42 and the mounting plate 41, and is used to apply an upward force to the limiting block 42 so that the upper side of the limiting block 42 abuts against the knob end. The elastic element 432 may be a spring, which can be sleeved on the first screw 431. One end of the spring abuts against the bottom of the limiting block 42, and the other end abuts against the mounting plate 41. The spring applies an upward thrust to the limiting block 42.

[0033] In use, when the knob end of the first screw 431 is rotated, the screw will move up and down due to the engagement of the screw with the threaded hole of the mounting plate 41. When the screw rises, its knob end pushes the limiting block 42 downward against the elastic force of the elastic element 432; when the screw falls, the elastic force of the elastic element 432 pushes the limiting block 42 upward, so that its upper side always remains in contact with the knob end. The up and down movement of the limiting block 42 drives the end of the crossbeam 1 connected to it to rise and fall synchronously, thereby adjusting the center line of the crossbeam 1 in its length direction to be horizontal.

[0034] The second adjusting assembly 44 may include two second screws 441, two nuts 442, and two elastic washers 443. The second screws 441, nuts 442, and elastic washers 443 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, with the first screw 431 located between the two second screws 441. The two ends of the limiting block 42 are wedge-shaped, and corresponding to the wedge positions are provided receiving grooves for the second screws 441 to pass through; these receiving grooves are oblong-shaped holes. The crossbeam 1 is provided with clearance grooves for the second screws 441 to pass through; these clearance grooves are also oblong-shaped holes. The two ends of the mounting plate 41 are rotatably connected to one end of each of the second screws 441, and the other ends of the second screws 441 pass through the clearance grooves and are connected to the nuts 442. The elastic washers 443 may be made of elastic materials such as rubber; they are sleeved on the second screws 441 and sandwiched between the nuts 442 and the wedge-shaped surfaces of the limiting block 42.

[0035] After coarsely adjusting the height of the end of the crossbeam 1 using the first screw 431, if the centerline of the crossbeam 1 in the width direction is not horizontal, one of the nuts 442 can be rotated. The nut 442 applies pressure to the wedge-shaped surface of the limiting block 42 through the elastic pad 443, causing the crossbeam 1 to slightly deflect, thus ensuring the crossbeam 1 is horizontal. It should be understood that since the diameter of the first screw 431 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole, and an elastic element 432 is provided between the limiting block 42 and the mounting plate 41, tightening the nut 442 will cause the limiting block 42 to rotate. Furthermore, when the first adjusting component 43 is adjusting, the nut 442 of the second adjusting component 44 can be loosened, allowing the first adjusting component 43 to move the crossbeam 1 up and down.

[0036] In addition, since the limiting block 42 has a wedge-shaped structure, the elastic pad 443 serves two purposes: first, it can buffer and prevent loosening; second, it can ensure that the nut 442 can contact the wedge-shaped surface.

[0037] The upper side of the end of the crossbeam 1 is provided with a limiting groove 11 that matches the limiting block 42, so that after the limiting block 42 is placed into the limiting groove 11, the limiting block 42 only has the freedom of up and down movement. In this way, when the first adjusting component 43 and the second adjusting component 44 are adjusted, they can drive the limiting block 42 and the crossbeam 1 to move as a whole.

[0038] The first detection mechanism 3 may include a level 31 mounted on the crossbeam 1. The level 31 has a transparent tray containing liquid and air bubbles. During the adjustment of the crossbeam 1 by the operating mechanism 4, the operator can observe the level 31 at any time. By observing the position of the air bubbles within the tray, the current tilt state of the crossbeam 1 can be visually determined. When the air bubbles are centered, it indicates that the crossbeam 1 has essentially reached a horizontal position.

[0039] Each fixing mechanism 2 includes two arc-shaped clamping plates 21. The arc-shaped clamping plates 21 are designed to fit snugly against the inner and outer walls of the circular protective cylinder, increasing the contact area and improving the stability and reliability of the fixing. The design of the clamping gap being less than or equal to the thickness of the protective cylinder ensures that the clamping plates can generate sufficient clamping force, preventing the device from shaking or shifting during use and ensuring the stability of the measurement reference. The mounting plate 41 is connected to the top of the two arc-shaped clamping plates 21.

[0040] At each end of the crossbeam 1, two guide blocks 12 extend downwards. A clamping opening formed by two arc-shaped clamping plates 21 is located between them. The opening between these two guide blocks 12 is "V-shaped," meaning the opening size gradually increases from the end closer to the crossbeam 1 to the end farther away from the crossbeam 1, and the minimum spacing (closer to the crossbeam 1) is greater than the thickness of the protective casing. This serves to guide and position the installation, greatly simplifying the installation process, reducing operational difficulty and alignment accuracy requirements, and improving on-site installation efficiency.

[0041] On the other hand, a pile hole verticality detection system for pile foundations is also provided, including a second detection mechanism 5 and a levelness adjustment device as described above; the second detection mechanism 5 is disposed on the crossbeam 1 and is used to detect the verticality of the pile hole.

[0042] In one implementation, the second detection mechanism 5 includes a plumb bob 51 and multiple metal sensor plates 52. The plumb bob 51 is located on the lower side of the crossbeam 1 and is suspended by a rope. Multiple metal sensor plates 52 are arranged circumferentially around the plumb bob 51. The plumb bob 51, the rope (which may contain sensor wires), and the metal sensor plates 52 are all electrically connected to a display. After the crossbeam 1 is leveled, the plumb bob 51 hangs naturally under gravity, pointing towards the center of the earth. If the pile hole itself is tilted, when the plumb bob 51 is lowered into the pile hole, it will sway under gravity. When the tilt exceeds a preset threshold, the plumb bob 51 will contact or collide with a metal sensor plate 52 in a certain direction. This contact signal is transmitted to the display via the sensor wires, and the display can then indicate the direction of the tilt to the operator.

[0043] In another implementation, the second detection mechanism 5 includes a support beam 53 and a distance detection element 54; the support beam 53 is rotatably connected to the middle of the crossbeam 1, and a distance detection element 54 is provided on at least one end of the support beam 53, and the distance detection element 54 is slidably connected to the support beam 53; the distance detection element 54 is used to measure the vertical distance between a point on the radial side of the casing and the hole wall.

[0044] The support beam 53 is rotatably connected to the middle of the crossbeam 1 via a pivot, allowing the support beam 53 to rotate around the pivot in the horizontal plane. A distance detection element 54 is slidably connected to at least one end of the support beam 53. This distance detection element 54 can reciprocate along the length of the support beam 53. Alternatively, the distance detection element 54 can be a non-contact ranging component such as a laser rangefinder or an infrared rangefinder, or it can be an ultrasonic rangefinder or a contact displacement sensor. The sliding connection between the distance detection element 54 and the support beam 53 can be achieved through a guide rail slider mechanism, a linear bearing and guide rod mechanism, or a dovetail groove structure.

[0045] The sliding drive of the distance detection element 54 can be manual or automatic. In the manual implementation, the user can manually push the distance detection element 54 to slide on the support beam 53. The support beam 53 can also be provided with scale lines to allow the user to intuitively read the movement displacement of the distance detection element 54. In the automatic implementation, the distance detection element 54 can be driven to slide by a motor in conjunction with a lead screw drive mechanism, a synchronous belt drive mechanism, or a linear motor, etc. This embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0046] In use, the user first installs the crossbeam 1 on the protective sleeve using the fixing mechanism 2, and then operates the adjusting mechanism 4 to adjust the crossbeam 1 to a horizontal state. Subsequently, the driving distance detection element 54 slides on the support beam 53 from the side closer to the crossbeam 1 to the side farther away from the crossbeam 1, and continuously measures the vertical distance from the crossbeam 1 to the hole wall using the distance detection element 54.

[0047] Ideally, if the pile hole is perfectly vertical and the hole wall is smooth, the vertical distance measured by the distance detection element 54 at different sliding positions should be the hole depth. When the distance detection element 54 slides to a certain position, if the measured distance value changes abruptly relative to the hole depth, it can be determined that there is an inwardly tilted or inwardly protruding foreign object at the corresponding hole wall position. At this time, the position of the distance detection element 54 on the support beam 53 is recorded and designated as a feature point.

[0048] Due to the construction characteristics of pile foundation holes, if the pile hole tilts as a whole, this tilt usually exists continuously from the hole opening to the bottom of the hole. Therefore, after identifying the feature point, by combining the inner radius of the casing and the horizontal distance from the feature point to the center of the casing (i.e., the projection point of the center of the crossbeam 1 onto the plane of the hole opening), the radial offset of the pile hole at that depth can be calculated, and thus the verticality deviation of the pile hole in that direction can be obtained.

[0049] Due to the complexity of geological conditions, there may be localized protruding gravel, mud, or other foreign objects on the borehole wall. Relying solely on measurement data from a single direction and location to determine verticality can easily lead to misjudgment due to these localized interference factors. To address this issue, this embodiment configures the support beam 53 to be rotatably connected to the crossbeam 1. During measurement, the user can rotate the support beam 53 to multiple different angular directions and repeat the aforementioned sliding measurement process in each direction to obtain borehole wall distance data in multiple radial directions.

[0050] During data processing, measurement data from multiple directions and locations are comprehensively compared and analyzed. When the measurement data from multiple directions are identical within a certain depth range, it can be determined that the data reflects the true inclination state of the pile hole. Conversely, if in the measurement data of a certain angle direction, individual data points differ significantly from the data of most other directions or adjacent locations (e.g., the distance value of a point suddenly decreases and then recovers), it can be determined that the abnormal point is likely caused by interference from local protruding gravel or other foreign objects. In the final calculation of verticality, such abnormal data can be removed, and only the data that appears most frequently among multiple data points can be selected as the verticality calculation data, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0051] The second detection mechanism also includes two rollers 55 and two distance detection elements 54. The middle part of the support beam 53 is rotatably connected to the middle part of the crossbeam 1, so that the midpoint of the support beam 53 coincides with the midpoint of the crossbeam 1. A roller 55 is rotatably connected to each end of the support beam 53, and the rollers 55 form rolling contact with the top edge of the casing. When the support beam 53 needs to rotate, the top of the casing rolls. This rolling support method makes the rotation of the support beam 53 more stable and smooth, reducing frictional resistance. Two distance detection elements 54 are slidably connected to the support beam 53, each distance detection element 54 located between the corresponding roller 55 and the middle part of the support beam 53, allowing simultaneous measurement of the borehole walls on both sides in a single rotation, improving data acquisition efficiency.

[0052] Furthermore, a method for detecting the verticality of pile holes in pile foundations is also provided, which includes the aforementioned pile hole verticality detection system and further includes the following steps: Installation steps: Fix the crossbeam 1 to the casing using the fixing mechanism 2, and adjust the level of the crossbeam 1 using the adjusting mechanism 4.

[0053] In this step, the guide blocks 12 at both ends of the crossbeam 1 are first used to guide the installation of the crossbeam 1. Since the opening between the two guide blocks 12 is "V-shaped" and the minimum distance between them is greater than the thickness of the casing, the operator only needs to roughly align the crossbeam 1 with the center of the casing and lower it. The edge of the casing will naturally enter the space between the two guide blocks 12 and be automatically guided to the correct installation position under the guidance of the inclined surface of the guide blocks 12, so that the clamping mouth formed by the two arc-shaped clamping plates 21 in each fixing mechanism 2 can accurately engage with the edge of the casing.

[0054] Subsequently, the leveling mechanism 4 is operated to adjust the horizontality of the crossbeam 1. Specifically, the operator observes the level 31 (bubble level 31) mounted on the crossbeam 1 while simultaneously operating the first adjusting component 43 and the second adjusting component 44. In the initial adjustment phase, the nut 442 of the second adjusting component 44 can be loosened first, and then the first screw 431 of the first adjusting component 43 can be rotated. When the first screw 431 rises, its knob end pushes the limiting block 42 to move downward against the elastic force of the elastic element 432, causing the end of the crossbeam 1 to descend; when the first screw 431 descends, the elastic force of the elastic element 432 pushes the limiting block 42 upward, causing the end of the crossbeam 1 to rise. By adjusting the second screws 441 at both ends of the crossbeam 1 respectively, the centerline of the crossbeam 1 in its length direction is initially leveled.

[0055] Subsequently, observe the position of the bubble in the level 31 along the width of the beam 1. If the centerline of the beam 1 in the width direction is not horizontal, rotate the corresponding nut 442 in the second adjustment assembly 44. The nut 442 applies pressure to the wedge-shaped surface of the limiting block 42 through the elastic pad 443. Since the diameter of the first screw 431 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole on the limiting block 42 and the elastic element 432 can deform, this pressure will cause the limiting block 42 and the beam 1 connected to it to deflect slightly until the bubble is centered, indicating that the beam 1 has reached a precise level. Finally, tighten each locking nut 442 appropriately to ensure that the adjusted posture is stable and reliable.

[0056] Detection steps: Drive the distance detection component 54 to slide on the support beam 53, and use the distance detection component 54 to detect the vertical distance between the point on the radial side of the casing and the hole wall.

[0057] In this step, the rollers 55 at both ends of the support beam 53 form rolling contact with the top edge of the casing, allowing the support beam 53 to rotate smoothly in the horizontal plane around its connection axis with the crossbeam 1. During the measurement process, the operator (or the automatic control system) drives the support beam 53 to rotate to multiple angular directions. In each angular direction, the distance detection element 54 slides on the support beam 53 from the side closer to the crossbeam 1 to the side farther away from the crossbeam 1, while continuously measuring the vertical distance from the distance detection element 54 to the borehole wall. The sliding of the distance detection element 54 can be done manually (by pushing the distance detection element 54 to slide and reading the scale lines on the support beam 53 to record the position) or automatically (by using a transmission mechanism such as a motor-driven lead screw to achieve precise sliding). Through the combination of the rotation of the support beam 53 and the sliding of the distance detection element 54, the device can obtain borehole wall distance data in multiple radial directions and at multiple radial positions, forming a dense scan of the inner wall of the pile hole.

[0058] As an auxiliary test, after the crossbeam 1 is leveled, it can be observed whether the plumb bob 51 located on the underside of the crossbeam 1 comes into contact with the surrounding metal induction plates 52. If the plumb bob 51 touches the induction plates, the display will indicate the tilt direction, and the operator can use this to make a preliminary judgment on whether there is a significant deviation in the pile hole.

[0059] Data processing steps: Determine whether the vertical distance detected by the distance detection component 54 is less than the hole depth; if the vertical distance is less than the hole depth, calculate the verticality of the pile hole by measuring the distance from the point of the vertical distance measured by the distance detection component 54 to the center of the casing and the inner radius of the casing.

[0060] In this step, the calculation module receives multiple sets of data collected in the detection step and processes them as follows: First, a preliminary assessment is made of the vertical distance data obtained at each measurement point. Ideally, if the pile hole is perfectly vertical and the hole wall is smooth, the vertical distance measured by the distance detection piece 54 at different sliding positions should be equal to the hole depth. When the distance value measured at a certain position changes abruptly from the theoretical value (e.g., significantly less than the hole depth), it indicates that there may be an inwardly tilted or inwardly protruding foreign object at the corresponding hole wall, and this position is recorded as a feature point.

[0061] Subsequently, measurement data from multiple directions and locations were comprehensively compared and analyzed. Due to the complexity of geological conditions, there may be localized protruding debris such as gravel and mud on the borehole wall. To eliminate these local interferences, the calculation module processed the data in the following manner: When measurement data from multiple directions within a certain depth range exhibit a consistent and regular trend, it is determined that the data reflects the true inclination state of the pile hole.

[0062] If, in the measurement data for a certain angle, an individual data point differs significantly from the data in most other directions or adjacent locations (e.g., the distance value of a point suddenly decreases and then recovers), then the abnormal point is determined to be caused by interference from a locally protruding foreign object and is removed from the calculation. Only the data that appears most frequently in multiple data sets are selected as the perpendicularity calculation data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement results.

[0063] In summary, this invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings of the prior art and has high industrial application value.

[0064] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed in the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A levelness adjustment device, characterized in that, include: beam; A fixing mechanism is provided for fixing the crossbeam to the protective sleeve; A first testing mechanism is used to test the levelness of the crossbeam; An adjustment mechanism is provided for adjusting the levelness of the crossbeam. The adjustment mechanism includes a mounting plate, a limiting block, a first adjustment component, and a second adjustment component. The mounting plate is connected to the top of the fixing mechanism. The lower side of the limiting block abuts against the upper side of the crossbeam. The first adjustment component is connected to the mounting plate and the limiting block and is used to adjust the levelness of the centerline of the crossbeam in the length direction relative to the horizontal plane. The second adjustment component is connected to the mounting plate and the limiting block and is used to adjust the levelness of the centerline of the crossbeam in the width direction relative to the horizontal plane.

2. The levelness adjustment device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are two fixing mechanisms and two adjusting mechanisms, and one fixing mechanism and one adjusting mechanism are respectively provided at each end of the crossbeam.

3. The levelness adjustment device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first adjusting assembly includes a first screw and an elastic element; The limiting block is provided with a through hole, and the mounting plate is provided with a threaded hole. One end of the first screw is a knob end, and the other end passes through the through hole and is threadedly connected to the threaded hole. The elastic element is located between the limiting block and the mounting plate and is used to apply an upward force to the limiting block so that the upper side of the limiting block abuts against the knob end.

4. The levelness adjustment device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second adjusting assembly includes two second screws, two nuts, and two elastic washers, with each of the second screws, nuts, and elastic washers corresponding to one another; the first screw is located between the two second screws. The two ends of the limiting block are wedge-shaped, and a receiving groove is provided at the position of the wedge shape; The crossbeam is provided with a clearance groove; Both ends of the mounting plate are rotatably connected to one end of a second screw, and the other end of the second screw passes through the clearance groove and the receiving groove in sequence and is connected to the nut; The elastic pad is sleeved on the second screw and sandwiched between the nut and the wedge-shaped surface of the limiting block.

5. The levelness adjustment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A limiting groove adapted to the limiting block is provided above the end of the crossbeam, and the limiting block is located in the limiting groove.

6. The leveling adjustment device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: The first detection mechanism includes a level mounted on a crossbeam, the level including a tray containing liquid and air bubbles.

7. The leveling adjustment device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: Each of the fixing mechanisms includes two spaced-apart arc-shaped clamping plates, the distance between the two arc-shaped clamping plates being less than or equal to the thickness of the protective sleeve; the mounting plate is connected to the top of the two arc-shaped clamping plates.

8. The levelness adjustment device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two guide blocks are spaced apart at the end of the crossbeam. The distance between the two guide blocks is greater than the thickness of the protective sleeve, and the distance gradually increases in the direction away from the crossbeam.

9. A pile hole verticality detection system for pile foundations, characterized in that, It includes a second detection mechanism and a leveling adjustment device as described in any one of claims 1-8; the second detection mechanism is disposed on the crossbeam and is used to detect the verticality of the pile hole.

10. The pile hole verticality detection system for pile foundations according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second detection mechanism includes a plumb bob and multiple metal sensing plates. The plumb bob is disposed on the lower side of the crossbeam; the multiple metal sensing plates are arranged circumferentially around the plumb bob.

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