Machine tool spindle and feed axis linkage precision control method and system for part surface quality

Abstract

This invention provides a precision control method and system for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts. The method includes acquiring preset machining requirements for the workpiece; determining the current state of the workpiece based on these preset machining requirements and under specific conditions where machine tool parameters meet these requirements. The current state of the workpiece includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current machining form of the workpiece, and the target machining form of the workpiece at the next moment. This invention determines the current state of the workpiece and obtains the changes in workpiece surface morphology and cutting efficiency under the same conditions after different adjustment methods for the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit. Based on these changes in workpiece surface morphology and cutting efficiency, it determines which shifting method to use for control adjustment, selecting an adjustment method suitable for the current working conditions, ensuring minimal changes in workpiece surface morphology during adjustment, and guaranteeing workpiece machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool control technology, specifically to a precision control method and system for the linkage of machine tool spindles and feed axes, which is aimed at improving the surface quality of parts. Background Technology

[0002] The technical features of CNC milling and turning machine tools and auxiliary equipment for loading and unloading workpieces are that the chuck holding the workpiece is the main axis of the X-axis, and its radial Z-axis is designed with an automatic tool assembly. There are two similar methods for cutting with this tool assembly. One method is to arrange and install multiple cutting tools such as turning, milling, and drilling tools on an electric slide assembly. According to the needs of the workpiece cutting process, the CNC command calls the corresponding tool assembly to perform X, Y, and Z trajectory movements to achieve the cutting purpose. The other method is to call the tool assembly to perform X, Y, and Z trajectory movements with CNC commands, and perform compound cutting by changing tools in combination with joint rotation.

[0003] Current machine tools, during the processing of workpieces, ensure that the post-processing shape and processing efficiency are within a suitable range according to actual processing requirements. This requires adjusting the spindle speed and feed rate of the machine tool. However, in practice, adjusting either the spindle speed or the feed rate will affect the shape of the processed workpiece and reduce the actual production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a precision control method and system for the linkage of machine tool spindles and feed axes, focusing on the surface quality of parts, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] (II) Technical Solution

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a precision control method for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Obtain the preset processing requirements of the workpiece to be processed;

[0009] Based on the preset processing requirements and under the condition that the machine tool parameters meet specific conditions, the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined. The current state of the workpiece to be processed includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current processing form of the workpiece to be processed, and the target processing form of the workpiece to be processed at the next moment.

[0010] When the workpiece is in the current state, the changes in the first surface morphology and first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by sequential speed adjustment, and the changes in the second surface morphology and second cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment.

[0011] Based on the comparative analysis results of the changes in the first surface morphology and the first cutting speed with the changes in the second surface morphology and the second cutting speed, it is determined that the speed regulation method of the spindle speed and feed rate in the power group of the machine tool under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the step of determining whether the speed regulation method of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting efficiency change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting efficiency change, includes:

[0013] If the first surface morphology is better than the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0014] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is greater than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0015] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is less than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment.

[0016] If the first surface morphology is inferior to the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed regulation.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment, obtaining the second surface morphology and the change in the second cutting efficiency includes:

[0018] The time required for sequential speed regulation of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit, as well as the morphology and area of ​​the workpiece surface processed within the time period, are denoted as the first area.

[0019] The initial timing is determined when the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted simultaneously, and the current machining position of the workpiece surface is determined when the timing starts.

[0020] When the timer reaches the specified duration, the morphology of the surface of the workpiece to be processed and the area of ​​the processed region within the specified duration are determined and recorded as the second area;

[0021] Based on the duration, the first area, and the second area, the change in the second cutting efficiency is determined.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment, determining the current state of the workpiece to be processed based on the preset processing requirements, under the condition that the machine tool parameters meet specific requirements, includes:

[0023] Based on the preset processing requirements, if it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit need to be adjusted, and if the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the conditions, the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the following conditions:

[0025] Get the current processing progress of the workpiece to be processed;

[0026] Determine the speed requirement for the next moment based on the current processing progress of the workpiece;

[0027] If either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the current power unit of the machine tool is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, it also includes:

[0029] If the adjustable redundancy of either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the machine tool power unit is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and the feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment, a precision control system for the linkage of a machine tool spindle and feed axis aimed at improving the surface quality of parts is provided to implement the aforementioned precision control method for the linkage of a machine tool spindle and feed axis aimed at improving the surface quality of parts, comprising:

[0031] The acquisition module is used to acquire the preset processing requirements of the workpiece to be processed;

[0032] The determination module determines the current state of the workpiece to be processed based on the preset processing requirements and under the condition that the machine tool parameters meet specific conditions;

[0033] The current state of the workpiece to be processed includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current processing form of the workpiece to be processed, and the target processing form of the workpiece to be processed at the next moment;

[0034] The analysis module is used to obtain the changes in the first surface morphology and first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted in a sequential speed adjustment manner when the workpiece is in the current state, and the changes in the second surface morphology and second cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted in a simultaneous speed adjustment manner.

[0035] Obtaining the second surface morphology and the change in second cutting efficiency includes:

[0036] The time required for sequential speed regulation of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit, as well as the morphology and area of ​​the workpiece surface processed within the time period, are denoted as the first area.

[0037] The initial timing is determined when the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted simultaneously, and the current machining position of the workpiece surface is determined when the timing starts.

[0038] When the timer reaches the specified duration, the morphology of the surface of the workpiece to be processed and the area of ​​the processed region within the specified duration are determined and recorded as the second area;

[0039] Based on the duration, the first area, and the second area, the change in the second cutting efficiency is determined;

[0040] The control module is used to determine, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting speed change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting speed change, whether the speed regulation mode of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power group under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment, the control module, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting efficiency change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting efficiency change, determines that the speed regulation method of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power group under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment, including:

[0042] If the first surface morphology is better than the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0043] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is greater than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0044] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is less than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment.

[0045] If the first surface morphology is inferior to the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed regulation.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment, the determining module determines the current state of the workpiece to be processed based on the preset processing requirements and under specific conditions where the machine tool parameters meet the requirements, including:

[0047] Based on the preset processing requirements, if it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit need to be adjusted, and if the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the conditions, the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined.

[0048] As a preferred embodiment, the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the following conditions:

[0049] Get the current processing progress of the workpiece to be processed;

[0050] Determine the speed requirement for the next moment based on the current processing progress of the workpiece;

[0051] If either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the current power unit of the machine tool is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the power unit of the machine tool meets the condition.

[0052] If the adjustable redundancy of either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the machine tool power unit is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and the feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

[0053] (III) Beneficial Effects

[0054] This invention provides a precision control method and system for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts, which has the following advantages: It acquires the preset machining requirements of the workpiece; based on these preset machining requirements and under specific conditions where machine tool parameters meet certain conditions, it determines the current state of the workpiece, wherein the current state of the workpiece includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current machining form of the workpiece, and the target machining form of the workpiece at the next moment; when the workpiece is in the current state, it determines the changes in the first surface morphology and the first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after speed adjustment of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit through sequential speed adjustment, and the changes in the second surface morphology and the first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after speed adjustment of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit through simultaneous speed adjustment. The second cutting efficiency change; based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting speed change and the second surface morphology and the second cutting speed change, it is determined that the speed regulation method of the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power group under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment. In the machining process, if it is determined that the machine tool parameters meet the conditions, it is necessary to determine the current state of the workpiece and obtain the changes in workpiece surface morphology and cutting efficiency after using different adjustment methods for the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power group under the same state. Based on the changes in workpiece surface morphology and cutting efficiency, it is determined which shifting method to use for control and adjustment, so as to select the adjustment method suitable for the current working condition and ensure that the change in workpiece surface morphology is minimized during adjustment, thus ensuring the efficiency of workpiece machining. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the precision control method for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts according to the present invention.

[0056] Figure 2 This is a block diagram of the precision control system for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis, which is aimed at improving the surface quality of parts according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0057] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0058] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of the invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples; such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, examples of various specific processes and materials are provided in this invention, but those skilled in the art will recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a precision control method for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis to improve the surface quality of parts, including the following steps:

[0060] Obtain the preset processing requirements of the workpiece to be processed;

[0061] Based on preset processing requirements and under specific conditions where machine tool parameters meet certain conditions, determine the current state of the workpiece to be processed. The current state of the workpiece to be processed includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current processing form of the workpiece to be processed, and the target processing form of the workpiece to be processed in the next moment.

[0062] When the current state of the workpiece is obtained, the changes in the first surface morphology and first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by sequential speed adjustment, and the changes in the second surface morphology and second cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment.

[0063] Based on the comparative analysis results of the changes in the first surface morphology and the first cutting speed with the changes in the second surface morphology and the second cutting speed, it is determined that the speed regulation method of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power group under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment.

[0064] In the process of milling and cutting metal parts, in order to ensure that the workpiece shape and machining efficiency are within a suitable range, it is necessary to adjust the spindle speed and feed rate of the machine tool. However, during the adjustment process, the workpiece shape and machining efficiency can easily deteriorate.

[0065] To avoid this phenomenon, this application provides a speed regulation method for controlling the spindle speed and feed rate in the power unit of a machine tool, so as to easily improve the shape of the workpiece after processing and the processing efficiency.

[0066] Specifically, after obtaining the preset processing requirements of the workpiece, it is necessary to first determine the current state of the workpiece based on the preset processing requirements and under the condition that the machine tool parameters meet specific requirements;

[0067] The current state of the workpiece to be processed includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current processing form of the workpiece, and the target processing form of the workpiece at the next moment.

[0068] When the current state of the workpiece changes, the spindle speed and feed rate during machining will also change accordingly. This solution requires determining the current state of the workpiece during machining, if the machine tool parameters meet the requirements, and obtaining the changes in workpiece surface morphology and cutting efficiency after using different adjustment methods for the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit under the same state. Based on the changes in workpiece surface morphology and cutting efficiency, it is determined which shifting method to use for control adjustment, so as to select the adjustment method suitable for the current working condition, and ensure that the change in workpiece surface morphology is minimized during adjustment, thus ensuring the efficiency of workpiece machining.

[0069] Furthermore, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the change in the first cutting efficiency with the second surface morphology and the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the speed regulation method of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment, including:

[0070] If the first surface morphology is better than the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0071] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is greater than the change in the second cutting efficiency, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0072] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is less than the change in the second cutting efficiency, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment.

[0073] If the first surface morphology is inferior to the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed regulation.

[0074] Specifically, this embodiment compares the first surface morphology and the second surface morphology, and preliminarily determines the adjustment method of the spindle speed and feed rate based on the comparison results of the first surface morphology and the second surface morphology. At the same time, it further determines the adjustment method of the spindle speed and feed rate by combining the results of the first cutting efficiency change and the second cutting efficiency change, so as to ensure that the surface morphology of the workpiece is not affected after speed adjustment, and at the same time avoid the problem of affecting the workpiece processing efficiency after speed adjustment.

[0075] Furthermore, obtaining the second surface morphology and the change in second cutting efficiency includes:

[0076] The time required for sequential speed regulation of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit, as well as the morphology and area of ​​the workpiece surface processed within the time, are denoted as the first area.

[0077] The initial timing for adjusting the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit by means of simultaneous speed adjustment is determined, and the current machining position of the workpiece surface at the start of timing is determined.

[0078] When the timer reaches its set duration, determine the morphology of the workpiece surface that has been processed and the area of ​​the processed region within the set duration, and record it as the second area;

[0079] The change in the second cutting efficiency is determined based on the duration, the first area, and the second area.

[0080] For example, the speed adjustment is performed by sequential speed adjustment, which takes 2 seconds to complete. The speed adjustment is performed by simultaneous speed adjustment, which takes 1 second to complete. To ensure the accuracy of the impact on the workpiece processing during the speed adjustment process, the processing time is extended to 2 seconds. The area of ​​the workpiece being processed during the speed adjustment process is recorded to determine the change in the second cutting efficiency.

[0081] Understandably, at the moment the speed adjustment begins, both the spindle speed and feed rate are available for measurement.

[0082] Specifically, the change in cutting efficiency is the ratio of the area cut during the speed adjustment process to the area cut at the initial speed within the speed adjustment period.

[0083] Furthermore, based on preset processing requirements and under specific conditions where machine tool parameters meet certain requirements, determining the current state of the workpiece to be processed includes:

[0084] Based on the preset processing requirements, if it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit need to be adjusted, and if the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the conditions, then the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined.

[0085] Furthermore, the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit must meet the following conditions:

[0086] Get the current processing progress of the workpiece to be processed;

[0087] Determine the speed requirement for the next moment based on the current processing progress of the workpiece;

[0088] If either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the current power unit of the machine tool exceeds the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the conditions.

[0089] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0090] If the adjustable redundancy of either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the machine tool power unit is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and the feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

[0091] Specifically, based on the current processing progress of the workpiece, it can be determined whether the workpiece needs speed adjustment at the next moment. At the same time, based on the adjustable redundancy of either the spindle speed or the feed speed in the machine tool power unit, it can be determined whether the machine tool can perform speed adjustment.

[0092] As a preferred embodiment, a precision control system for the linkage of a machine tool spindle and feed axis aimed at improving the surface quality of parts is provided to implement the aforementioned precision control method for the linkage of a machine tool spindle and feed axis aimed at improving the surface quality of parts, comprising:

[0093] The acquisition module is used to acquire the preset processing requirements of the workpiece to be processed;

[0094] The determination module determines the current state of the workpiece to be processed based on preset processing requirements and under specific conditions where the machine tool parameters meet the requirements.

[0095] The current state of the workpiece to be processed includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current processing form of the workpiece to be processed, and the target processing form of the workpiece to be processed at the next moment.

[0096] The analysis module is used to obtain the changes in the first surface morphology and first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted in a sequential speed adjustment manner when the workpiece is in its current state, as well as the changes in the second surface morphology and second cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted in a simultaneous speed adjustment manner.

[0097] Obtaining the second surface morphology and the change in second cutting efficiency includes:

[0098] The time required for sequential speed regulation of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit, as well as the morphology and area of ​​the workpiece surface processed within the time, are denoted as the first area.

[0099] The initial timing for adjusting the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit by means of simultaneous speed adjustment is determined, and the current machining position of the workpiece surface at the start of timing is determined.

[0100] When the timer reaches its set duration, determine the morphology of the workpiece surface that has been processed and the area of ​​the processed region within the set duration, and record it as the second area;

[0101] The change in the second cutting efficiency is determined based on the duration, the first area, and the second area.

[0102] The control module is used to determine, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting speed change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting speed change, whether the speed regulation mode of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power group under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment.

[0103] Furthermore, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting efficiency change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting efficiency change, the control module determines whether the speed regulation mode of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment, including:

[0104] If the first surface morphology is better than the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0105] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is greater than the change in the second cutting efficiency, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation.

[0106] If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is less than the change in the second cutting efficiency, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment.

[0107] If the first surface morphology is inferior to the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed regulation.

[0108] Furthermore, the determination module, based on preset processing requirements and under specific conditions where machine tool parameters meet certain conditions, determines the current state of the workpiece to be processed, including:

[0109] Based on the preset processing requirements, if it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit need to be adjusted, and if the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the conditions, then the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined.

[0110] Furthermore, the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit must meet the following conditions:

[0111] Get the current processing progress of the workpiece to be processed;

[0112] Determine the speed requirement for the next moment based on the current processing progress of the workpiece;

[0113] If either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the current power unit of the machine tool is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the power unit of the machine tool meets the conditions.

[0114] If the adjustable redundancy of either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the machine tool power unit is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and the feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

[0115] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A precision control method for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the preset processing requirements of the workpiece to be processed; Based on the preset processing requirements and under the condition that the machine tool parameters meet specific conditions, the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined. The current state of the workpiece to be processed includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current processing form of the workpiece to be processed, and the target processing form of the workpiece to be processed at the next moment. When the workpiece is in the current state, the changes in the first surface morphology and first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by sequential speed adjustment, and the changes in the second surface morphology and second cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment. Based on the comparative analysis results of the changes in the first surface morphology and the first cutting speed with the changes in the second surface morphology and the second cutting speed, it is determined that the speed regulation method of the spindle speed and feed rate in the power group of the machine tool under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment.

2. The machine tool spindle and feed axis linkage precision control method for improving the surface quality of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method of determining whether the speed regulation of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting efficiency change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting efficiency change, includes: If the first surface morphology is better than the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation. If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is greater than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by sequential speed regulation. If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is less than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment. If the first surface morphology is inferior to the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed regulation.

3. The machine tool spindle and feed axis linkage precision control method for improving the surface quality of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acquisition of the second surface morphology and the change in the second cutting efficiency includes: The time required for sequential speed regulation of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit, as well as the morphology and area of ​​the workpiece surface processed within the time period, are denoted as the first area. The initial timing is determined when the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted simultaneously, and the current machining position of the workpiece surface is determined when the timing starts. When the timer reaches the specified duration, the morphology of the surface of the workpiece to be processed and the area of ​​the processed region within the specified duration are determined and recorded as the second area; Based on the duration, the first area, and the second area, the change in the second cutting efficiency is determined.

4. The precision control method for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the preset processing requirements and under specific conditions where the machine tool parameters meet certain requirements, the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined as follows: Based on the preset processing requirements, if it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit need to be adjusted, and if the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the conditions, the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined.

5. The machine tool spindle and feed axis linkage precision control method for improving the surface quality of parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the following conditions: Get the current processing progress of the workpiece to be processed; Determine the speed requirement for the next moment based on the current processing progress of the workpiece; If either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the current power unit of the machine tool is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

6. The precision control method for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: If the adjustable redundancy of either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the machine tool power unit is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and the feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

7. A precision control system for the linkage of a machine tool spindle and feed axis aimed at improving the surface quality of parts, used to implement the precision control method for the linkage of a machine tool spindle and feed axis aimed at improving the surface quality of parts as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, include: The acquisition module is used to acquire the preset processing requirements of the workpiece to be processed; The determination module determines the current state of the workpiece to be processed based on the preset processing requirements and under the condition that the machine tool parameters meet specific conditions; The current state of the workpiece to be processed includes at least one of the following: the physical properties of the workpiece, the current processing form of the workpiece to be processed, and the target processing form of the workpiece to be processed at the next moment; The analysis module is used to obtain the changes in the first surface morphology and first cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted in a sequential speed adjustment manner when the workpiece is in the current state, and the changes in the second surface morphology and second cutting efficiency of the workpiece before and after the spindle speed and feed speed in the machine tool power unit are adjusted in a simultaneous speed adjustment manner. Obtaining the second surface morphology and the change in second cutting efficiency includes: The time required for sequential speed regulation of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit, as well as the morphology and area of ​​the workpiece surface processed within the time period, are denoted as the first area. The initial timing is determined when the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted simultaneously, and the current machining position of the workpiece surface is determined when the timing starts. When the timer reaches the specified duration, the morphology of the surface of the workpiece to be processed and the area of ​​the processed region within the specified duration are determined and recorded as the second area; Based on the duration, the first area, and the second area, the change in the second cutting efficiency is determined; The control module is used to determine, based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting speed change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting speed change, whether the speed regulation mode of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power group under the condition of machining the current workpiece is sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment.

8. A precision control system for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... Based on the comparative analysis results of the first surface morphology and the first cutting efficiency change with the second surface morphology and the second cutting efficiency change, the control module determines that the speed regulation mode of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power group under the condition of machining the current workpiece is either sequential speed regulation or simultaneous adjustment, including: If the first surface morphology is better than the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are determined to be adjusted by sequential speed regulation. If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is greater than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by sequential speed regulation. If the first surface morphology is similar to the second surface morphology, but the change in the first cutting efficiency is less than the change in the second cutting efficiency, it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed adjustment. If the first surface morphology is inferior to the second surface morphology, the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit are adjusted by simultaneous speed regulation.

9. A precision control system for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that... The determining module determines the current state of the workpiece to be processed based on the preset processing requirements and under specific conditions where the machine tool parameters meet the requirements, including: Based on the preset processing requirements, if it is determined that the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit need to be adjusted, and if the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the conditions, the current state of the workpiece to be processed is determined.

10. A precision control system for the linkage of machine tool spindle and feed axis for improving the surface quality of parts, as described in claim 9, is characterized in that... The adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the following conditions: Get the current processing progress of the workpiece to be processed; Determine the speed requirement for the next moment based on the current processing progress of the workpiece; If either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the current power unit of the machine tool is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and feed rate in the power unit of the machine tool meets the condition. If the adjustable redundancy of either the spindle speed or the feed rate in the machine tool power unit is greater than the speed requirement, then the adjustable redundancy of the spindle speed and the feed rate in the machine tool power unit meets the condition.

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