A metro pantograph simulation training device

Abstract

This invention discloses a subway pantograph simulation training device, comprising a support component, a simulation mechanism, and an environmental simulation component. The support component includes N-shaped frames located at the left and right ends of the simulation mechanism, with stabilizing rods fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the N-shaped frames, and stabilizing components fixedly connected to their bottom. The simulation mechanism includes a collar module located in the middle of the crossbar of the N-shaped frame, with rotating rods fixedly connected between opposing collar modules, and multiple simulation components arranged around the circumference of the collar module. This subway pantograph simulation training device, by driving the collar module to rotate via a drive module (motor, ratchet, etc.), can quickly switch between the first to fourth simulation components (new line, dusty line, worn line, damp line) without disassembling the original detection line structure, solving the pain point of existing devices being "cumbersome and time-consuming to replace," improving the efficiency of single-condition switching by more than 80%, and meeting the needs of training sites for continuous training of batches of personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of subway training devices, specifically a subway pantograph simulation training device. Background Technology

[0002] As the core mode of transportation in urban rail transit, the subway has become the mainstay of urban public transportation due to its advantages of efficiency, convenience, and environmental friendliness. The pantograph, as the core power-collecting component of the subway, directly determines the quality of current collection through its contact pressure and friction matching with the contact wire. It also affects the wear rate between the pantograph's sliding plate and the contact wire, impacting the stability of subway operation and maintenance costs. Therefore, simulated training for subway operators in pantograph operation is crucial. Subway pantograph simulation training devices have become core equipment for talent cultivation in the rail transit industry. By simulating the contact conditions between the pantograph and the contact wire during actual subway operation, operators can master contact pressure adjustment techniques, making it a mainstream training method in the industry.

[0003] While existing subway pantograph simulation training devices can simulate and monitor basic contact pressure and friction, meeting basic training needs under single operating conditions, they have significant design flaws in the replacement and adaptation of the detection lines. The detection lines, along with components such as the device's shaft, sleeve, and fixing baffles, are mostly integrated or rigidly fixed, lacking dedicated quick-disassembly and adaptation mechanisms. To replace detection lines with different specifications and materials to simulate contact line conditions in different environments and on different lines, operators must use specialized tools to dismantle the original detection line's fixing structure and then assemble and debug the new detection line with the shaft, sleeve, and other components one by one. This entire replacement process is cumbersome and time-consuming, significantly reducing the overall efficiency of simulation training and failing to meet the centralized training needs of training sites for large numbers of personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a subway pantograph simulation training device, which solves the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a subway pantograph simulation training device, comprising a support component, a simulation mechanism, and an environmental simulation component; The support includes an N-shaped frame located at the left and right ends of the simulation mechanism, with stabilizing rods fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the N-shaped frame and stabilizing components fixedly connected to its bottom. The simulation mechanism includes a collar module located in the middle of the crossbar of the N-type frame, a rotating rod fixedly connected between the collar modules, and multiple simulation components arranged around the circumference of the collar module; the left collar module of the simulation mechanism has a drive module inside, which is used to drive the switching between simulation components to improve the efficiency of simulation training. The simulation component includes a support rod disposed on the surface of the relative collar module, an I-beam detachably connected to both ends of the top of the support rod, a rotatable rotating cylinder disposed inside the I-beam, and a drive component disposed inside the I-beam for driving the rotating cylinder to rotate. A detection line is wound on the surface of the rotating cylinder and is used in conjunction with an external pantograph sliding plate.

[0006] The environmental simulation component includes an environmental simulation box located on the top of an N-shaped frame at the right end of the simulation mechanism. The environmental simulation box includes a dust medium output component and a liquid medium output component. The output ends of the dust medium output component and the liquid medium output component are connected to multiple simulation components, two of which are used in conjunction with each other.

[0007] Preferably, the simulation component includes a first simulation component, a second simulation component, a third simulation component, and a fourth simulation component; The detection lines wrapped around the surface of the first simulation part are the detection lines under the new state; The detection lines wrapped around the surface of the second simulation part are detection lines with accumulated dust. The detection lines wrapped around the surface of the third simulation component are detection lines under wear conditions; The detection limit detection line is wrapped around the surface of the fourth simulation component under wet conditions.

[0008] Preferably, the driving component includes a motor located inside the left end of the I-beam, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, the outer wall of the middle part of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder, thereby driving it to rotate, an inductor coil group is provided on the outer wall of the I-beam extending into the interior of the rotating cylinder, and a metal induction plate is provided inside the rotating cylinder, which partially overlaps with the inductor coil group.

[0009] Preferably, the second and fourth simulation components are respectively provided with liquid inlet pipe and dust inlet pipe on the surface of the I-beam. The interior of the environmental simulation box is provided with a partition plate, as well as a water storage chamber and a dust storage chamber located on both sides of the partition plate. The N-type frame is provided with a vertical rod near the environmental simulation box, and an electric telescopic rod one and an electric telescopic rod two are provided at the top of the vertical rod.

[0010] Preferably, a liquid pump and a fan assembly are provided on one side of the environmental simulation chamber. The inlet end of the liquid pump extends into the interior of the water storage chamber through a hose, and the outlet end is provided with a hose. The other end of the hose is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe, wherein the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod and is used in conjunction with the dust inlet pipe. The air inlet of the fan assembly is connected to the dust storage chamber, and a second flexible hose is provided at the dust outlet. The other end of the second flexible hose is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod and is used in conjunction with the liquid inlet pipe. The second simulation component has an annular water flow channel inside the I-beam, and multiple nozzles are evenly arranged at the outlet of the annular water flow channel. The water outlet of the nozzles is connected to the location of the detection line. The environmental simulation box has an air inlet on the inner wall of the dust storage chamber.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the N-type frame crossbar is provided with a hydraulic rod, the output end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly connected to the surface of the collar module, the collar module includes a fixed plate fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod, and an outer ring is sleeved on the surface of the fixed plate, and the two ends of the rotating shaft are fixed at the center of the outer ring.

[0012] Preferably, the stabilizing component includes a connecting plate disposed on one side of the bottom of the N-type frame, an adjusting rod threadedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate, a support plate sleeved at the bottom end of the adjusting rod, and a moving wheel disposed at the bottom end of the N-type frame; A limiting block is provided on one side of the N-type frame crossbar, and a retractable curved rod is inserted inside the limiting block. The top end of the curved rod is fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixed plate.

[0013] Preferably, the drive module includes a motor located inside the fixed disk at the left end of the simulation mechanism. The output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a convex shaft at the center of the outer ring. The end of the rotating rod away from the motor extends into the interior of another fixed disk and is fixedly connected to a drive disk. A ratchet disk that cooperates with the drive disk is provided on the circumference of the drive disk.

[0014] Preferably, the fixed plate is provided with a pressurizing component, including a piston chamber located near the ratchet disc, a piston rod movably connected inside the piston chamber, the bottom end of the piston rod being movably connected to the edge of the other side of the ratchet disc, an air inlet hole being provided on the upper surface of the fixed plate, a one-way valve being provided inside the air inlet hole, and a telescopic tube being provided on one side of the fixed plate, the telescopic tube communicating with the piston chamber, wherein the bottom end of the telescopic tube is detachably connected to the upper surface of the N-type frame; A lubricating oil box is provided on one side of the N-type frame crossbar. A connecting pipe is provided on the top of the lubricating oil box. The other end of the connecting pipe is connected to the hydraulic rod. A telescopic tube is provided on the surface of the connecting pipe. The other end of the telescopic tube is located at the edge of the side of the fixed plate. An oil outlet chamber is provided inside the fixed plate, which is connected to the connection between the fixed plate and the outer ring.

[0015] Preferably, the pressurizing component pressurizes the inside of the lubricating oil box, and the lubricating oil enters the connection between the hydraulic rod and the fixed plate and the outer ring through the connecting pipe and the telescopic pipe to lubricate the inside; The N-type frame and the stabilizer bar have a cavity inside, which is connected to the telescopic tube and the lubricating oil box. Solenoid valve one and solenoid valve two are installed in the cavity near the lubricating oil box. The stabilizer bar can connect to the oil storage box and hydraulic rod at the other end of the simulation mechanism to facilitate the delivery of lubricating oil.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: This subway pantograph simulation training device drives the collar module to rotate through a drive module (motor, ratchet, etc.), enabling rapid switching between the first to fourth simulation components (new line, dusty line, worn line, and damp line) without disassembling the original detection line structure. This solves the pain point of existing devices being "cumbersome and time-consuming to replace". The efficiency of single-condition switching is increased by more than 80%, meeting the needs of training sites for continuous training of batches of personnel. This subway pantograph simulation training device features a simulation component with a detachable connection between the support rod and the I-beam, and an integrated design of the rotating cylinder and the detection line. When the detection line reaches the simulated lifespan, the I-beam can be directly disassembled for overall replacement, eliminating the need to individually adapt components such as the rotating shaft and sleeve, further shortening maintenance time and ensuring training continuity. This subway pantograph simulation training device, through the precise coordination of an environmental simulation chamber (water storage chamber and dust storage chamber) and simulation components, can realistically simulate the "dust accumulation" and "humidity" conditions of the pantograph contact wire. A liquid pump and nozzle assembly ensure uniform humidification of the detection line, while a fan assembly and dust inlet pipe work together to ensure dust adhesion. Furthermore, the media delivery is precisely connected via an electric telescopic rod-driven connecting pipe, ensuring the stability of the simulated environment. Simultaneously, it is equipped with pre-set wear and new wire simulation components, covering the core operating conditions encountered in actual subway pantograph operation. This subway pantograph simulation training device uses a drive unit (motor, shaft) to rotate a cylinder, causing the detection line to form dynamic frictional contact with the pantograph slide plate. Combined with the cooperation of the inductor coil group and the metal induction plate, it can indirectly provide feedback on changes in contact pressure. The hydraulic rod can adjust the height of the collar module to achieve precise control of the contact pressure. Compared with the existing static simulation, it is closer to the dynamic current collection scenario in subway operation, helping operators to master adjustment skills under real working conditions. This subway pantograph simulation training device uses a pressurization assembly (piston chamber, piston rod) to drive the piston movement via a ratchet disc, thereby automatically delivering lubricating oil from the lubricating oil box to the connection between the hydraulic rod, the fixed disc, and the outer ring, reducing frictional wear of mechanical parts. At the same time, the cavity design of the stabilizer bar and the N-frame enables the circulation of lubricating oil, which is compatible with the hydraulic rods and oil storage boxes at both ends of the device, further reducing maintenance costs. This subway pantograph simulation training device adopts a modular design with support components, simulation mechanism, and environmental simulation components. Each component (such as the collar module, environmental simulation box, and drive module) is relatively independent. When a single component fails, it can be disassembled and repaired separately without shutting down the entire system, which greatly improves the efficiency of simulation training. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the ratchet disk and the drive disk of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the I-beam tube structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side view of the second simulated component, the I-beam tube, of the present invention. Figure 7 This is a side view of the fourth simulated component, the I-beam tube, of the present invention. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the dust storage chamber structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the water storage cavity structure of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 12 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 13 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point D.

[0018] The components include: 1. N-type frame; 2. Stabilizing bar; 3. Collar module; 4. Rotating rod; 5. Simulation component; 501. First simulation component; 502. Second simulation component; 503. Third simulation component; 504. Fourth simulation component; 6. Moving wheel; 7. Support rod; 8. I-beam; 9. Rotating cylinder; 10. Drive component; 11. Detection line; 12. Environmental simulation chamber; 13. Motor; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Inductor coil group; 16. Metal induction plate; 17. Liquid inlet pipe; 18. Dust inlet pipe; 19. Divider plate; 20. Water storage chamber; 21. Dust storage chamber; 22. Vertical rod; 23. Electric telescopic... 24. Electric telescopic rod 2; 25. Liquid pump; 26. Fan assembly; 27. Hose 1; 28. Connecting pipe 1; 29. ​​Hose 2; 30. Connecting pipe 2; 31. Nozzle; 32. Hydraulic rod; 33. Fixed plate; 34. Connecting plate; 35. Adjusting rod; 36. Support plate; 37. Outer ring; 38. Motor; 39. Drive plate; 40. Ratchet plate; 41. Piston chamber; 42. Piston rod; 43. Air inlet; 44. Check valve; 45. Lubricating oil box; 46. Connecting pipe; 47. Telescopic pipe 1; 48. Telescopic pipe 2; 49. Solenoid valve 1; 50. Solenoid valve 2. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Please see Figures 1 to 13 The present invention provides a subway pantograph simulation training device, including a support component, a simulation mechanism, and an environmental simulation component; The support components include N-shaped frames 1 located at the left and right ends of the simulation mechanism, with stabilizing rods 2 fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the N-shaped frames 1, and stabilizing components fixedly connected to their bottoms. The N-shaped frames 1 are integrally formed from high-strength aluminum alloy to ensure structural rigidity. The stabilizing rods 2 are fixed to the middle of the vertical rods of the N-shaped frames 1 by welding, and the two stabilizing rods 2 are horizontally symmetrically distributed to further enhance the overall anti-overturning capability of the device.

[0021] The simulation mechanism includes a collar module 3 located in the middle of the crossbar of the N-type frame 1, a rotating rod 4 fixedly connected between the relative collar modules 3, and multiple simulation components 5 arranged around the circumference of the collar module 3; a drive module is provided inside the collar module 3 at the left end of the simulation mechanism to drive the simulation components 5 to switch between each other, thereby improving the efficiency of simulation training. The rotating rod 4 is made of high-strength steel and is fixedly connected to the collar module 3 at both ends to ensure coaxiality. The collar module 3 has 4 simulated component mounting positions evenly distributed around its circumference, with an included angle of 90° between adjacent mounting positions. The drive module responds quickly and enables rapid switching of working conditions.

[0022] The simulation component 5 includes a support rod 7 disposed on the surface of the relative collar module 3, an I-beam 8 detachably connected to both ends of the top of the support rod 7, a rotatable rotating cylinder 9 disposed inside the I-beam 8, and a drive component 10 disposed inside the I-beam 8 for driving the rotating cylinder 9 to rotate, a detection line 11 wound on the surface of the rotating cylinder 9 and used in conjunction with an external pantograph sliding plate.

[0023] The support rod 7 is fixedly connected to the collar module 3, and a connecting structure is provided at the top. The I-beam 8 is detachably connected by bolts, which facilitates quick assembly and disassembly. The rotating cylinder 9 has a spiral groove on its surface to fix the detection line 11 and prevent it from tangling or loosening. The material of the detection line 11 is the same as that of the actual contact line of the subway, ensuring that the contact state with the pantograph slide plate conforms to the actual working conditions.

[0024] The environmental simulation component includes an environmental simulation box 12 located on top of the N-shaped frame 1 at the right end of the simulation mechanism. The environmental simulation box 12 includes a dust medium output component and a liquid medium output component. The output ends of the dust medium output component and the liquid medium output component are connected to multiple simulation components 5, two of which are used in conjunction with each other.

[0025] The environmental simulation box 12 is fixed to the top of the crossbar of the N-type frame 1 by bolts, and the box body is made of stainless steel. The output ends of the dust medium output component and the liquid medium output component are precisely matched with the corresponding simulation component interface to ensure that the medium is transported without leakage and the environmental simulation response is timely.

[0026] The simulation component 5 includes a first simulation component 501, a second simulation component 502, a third simulation component 503, and a fourth simulation component 504; The detection lines wrapped around the surface of the first simulation part 501 are the detection lines under the new state; The detection lines wrapped around the surface of the second simulation part 502 are detection lines with accumulated dust. The detection lines wrapped around the surface of the third simulation part 503 are detection lines under wear conditions; The detection limit detection line wrapped around the surface of the fourth simulation part 504 under wet conditions.

[0027] The first simulation part 501 has a test line that meets the new contact line standard and has no scratches or oxide layer on its surface; the second simulation part 502 has a test line with common dust on subway tracks; the third simulation part 503 has a test line that is worn through mechanical grinding to simulate the wear state after actual use; the fourth simulation part 504 has a test line that maintains a certain moisture content to simulate the contact state in rainy or high humidity environments.

[0028] The driving component 10 includes a motor 13 located inside the left end of the I-beam 8. The output end of the motor 13 is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft 14. The outer wall of the middle part of the rotating shaft 14 is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder 9, thereby driving it to rotate. An inductor coil group 15 is provided on the outer wall of the I-beam 8 extending into the interior of the rotating cylinder 9. A metal induction plate 16 is provided inside the rotating cylinder 9, and it partially overlaps with the inductor coil group 15.

[0029] Motor 13 is a DC servo motor with adjustable speed, which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 14 through a coupling to drive the rotating cylinder 9 to rotate smoothly; the inductor coil group 15 is evenly wound on the inner wall of the I-shaped cylinder 8, and the metal induction plate 16 partially overlaps with the inductor coil group 15. When the contact pressure between the detection line 11 and the pantograph sliding plate changes, the overlapping area changes, and the change in inductance value is collected by an external sensor and converted into contact pressure data.

[0030] The second simulation component 502 and the fourth simulation component 504 are respectively provided with liquid inlet pipe 17 and dust inlet pipe 18 on the surface of the I-beam 8. The interior of the environmental simulation box 12 is provided with partition plate 19, as well as water storage chamber 20 and dust storage chamber 21 located on both sides of partition plate 19. The N-type frame 1 is provided with vertical rod 22 near the environmental simulation box 12. At the top of the vertical rod 22, there are electric telescopic rod 1 23 and electric telescopic rod 24.

[0031] The liquid inlet pipe 17 and the dust inlet pipe 18 adopt a quick-connect design and are equipped with a sealing structure to prevent leakage; the partition plate 19 divides the environmental simulation box 12 into a water storage chamber 20 and a dust storage chamber 21, which store liquid media and dust media respectively; the top of the vertical rod 22 is fixedly equipped with electric telescopic rod one 23 and electric telescopic rod two 24, which are used to drive the docking structure to accurately dock.

[0032] One side of the environmental simulation chamber 12 is equipped with a liquid pump 25 and a fan assembly 26. The liquid pump 25 extends into the water storage chamber 20 through a hose, and the liquid outlet is equipped with a hose 27. The other end of the hose 27 is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe 28, which is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 23 and is used in conjunction with the dust inlet pipe 18. The liquid pump 25 is used to extract the liquid medium in the water storage chamber 20. A filter screen can be installed at the liquid inlet to prevent impurities from clogging the pipe. The hose 27 can extend and retract with the electric telescopic rod 23, and the connecting pipe 28 ensures quick and accurate docking with the dust inlet pipe 18.

[0033] The air inlet of the fan assembly 26 is connected to the dust storage chamber 21. A second flexible hose 29 is provided at the dust outlet. The other end of the second flexible hose 29 is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe 30. The second connecting pipe 30 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 24 and is used in conjunction with the liquid inlet pipe 17. The fan assembly 26 includes a miniature centrifugal fan and a flow regulating valve for conveying dust media in the dust storage chamber 21; the second hose 29 is made of the same material as the first hose 27 and can be flexibly extended and retracted; the connecting pipe 2 30 has a small gap with the liquid inlet pipe 17 to ensure stable dust conveying.

[0034] The second simulation component 502 is located inside the I-beam 8 and has an annular water flow channel. Multiple nozzles 31 are evenly arranged at the outlet of the annular water flow channel, and the water outlet of the nozzles 31 is connected to the location of the detection line 11. The environmental simulation box 12 has an air inlet on the inner wall of the dust storage chamber 21.

[0035] The annular water flow channel is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 17, and the nozzles 31 are evenly distributed, which can atomize the liquid medium and spray it evenly onto the surface of the detection line 11; the air inlet of the dust storage chamber 21 is equipped with a dustproof net to prevent external impurities from entering.

[0036] The top of the crossbar of the N-type frame 1 is provided with a hydraulic rod 32. The output end of the hydraulic rod 32 is fixedly connected to the surface of the collar module 3. The collar module 3 includes a fixed plate 33 fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod 32, and an outer ring 37 is sleeved on the surface of the fixed plate 33. The two ends of the rotating shaft 4 are fixed at the center of the outer ring 37. The stabilizing component includes a connecting plate 34 provided on one side of the bottom of the N-type frame 1. An adjusting rod 35 is threadedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate 34. A support plate 36 is sleeved on the bottom end of the adjusting rod 35. A moving wheel 6 is provided at the bottom end of the N-type frame 1. A limiting block is provided on one side of the crossbar of the N-type frame 1. A retractable curved rod is inserted into the limiting block. The top end of the curved rod is fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixed plate 33.

[0037] The hydraulic rod 32 can achieve stepless adjustment of contact pressure with high adjustment accuracy; the fixed plate 33 and the outer ring 37 rotate smoothly; the stabilizing component can adjust the level of the device by rotating the adjusting rod 35; the moving wheel 6 has a braking function to facilitate the transfer and fixing of the device; the limit block cooperates with the bending rod to prevent the collar module 3 from shifting when moving up and down.

[0038] The drive module includes a motor 38 located inside the fixed plate at the left end of the simulation mechanism. The output end of the motor 38 is fixedly connected to the convex shaft at the center of the outer ring 37. The end of the rotating rod 4 away from the motor 38 extends into the interior of another fixed plate and is fixedly connected to a drive plate 39. A ratchet plate 40 is provided around the circumference of the drive plate 39 for use with it.

[0039] The motor 38 is a stepper motor, which can realize precise indexing switching of the simulation part 5, rotating 90° each time; the drive disk 39 and the ratchet disk 40 cooperate to achieve unidirectional positioning, preventing the simulation part 5 from rotating during operation and ensuring accurate positioning; A rotatable arc-shaped locking block and an auxiliary spring are provided on the surface of the drive disk 39, and the other end of the auxiliary spring is located on one side of the arc-shaped locking block. When the drive disk 39 rotates forward, the arc-shaped locking block does not engage with the slot inside the ratchet disk 40 with the cooperation of the auxiliary spring. When the drive disk 39 rotates in reverse, it can drive the ratchet disk 40 to rotate, thereby causing the pressure component to move. When the motor 38 rotates in the forward direction, the analog components 5 can be switched between each other. When it operates in the reverse direction, with the cooperation of the pressurizing component, lubricating oil can be delivered to the inside of the hydraulic rod 32 and the collar module 3 to maintain its long-term operation and reduce the time for later maintenance.

[0040] The fixed plate has a pressurization assembly inside, including a piston chamber 41 located near the ratchet disc 40. A piston rod 42 is movably connected inside the piston chamber 41, and the bottom end of the piston rod 42 is movably connected to the edge of the ratchet disc 40 on the other side. An air inlet 43 is provided on the upper surface of the fixed plate, and a one-way valve 44 is provided inside the air inlet 43. A telescopic tube 47 is provided on one side of the fixed plate, and the telescopic tube 47 communicates with the piston chamber 41. The bottom end of the telescopic tube 47 is detachably connected to the upper surface of the N-type frame 1. A lubricating oil box 45 is provided on one side of the crossbar of the N-type frame 1, and a connecting pipe 46 is provided on the top of the lubricating oil box 45. The other end of the connecting pipe 46 is connected to the hydraulic rod 32. A telescopic tube 48 is provided on the surface of the connecting pipe 46, and the other end of the telescopic tube 48 is located at the edge of the side of the fixed plate 33. An oil outlet chamber is provided inside the fixed plate 33, which is connected to the connection between the fixed plate 33 and the outer ring 37.

[0041] When the ratchet disc 40 rotates, it drives the piston rod 42 to reciprocate, generating air pressure; the one-way valve 44 prevents gas backflow, and the telescopic tube 1 47 and telescopic tube 2 48 can adapt to the movement of the parts, ensuring smooth air pressure and lubricating oil delivery; the lubricating oil box 45 contains suitable grease, and the oil outlet of the oil outlet chamber is evenly distributed to ensure that the grease evenly covers the lubricated parts.

[0042] The pressurization component pressurizes the inside of the lubricating oil box 45, and the lubricating oil enters the connection between the hydraulic rod 32 and the fixed plate 33 and the outer ring 37 through the connecting pipe 46 and the telescopic pipe 48 to lubricate the inside. The N-type frame 1 and the stabilizer 2 have cavities inside, which are connected to the telescopic pipe 47 and the lubricating oil box 45. Solenoid valve 49 and solenoid valve 50 are installed in the cavity near the lubricating oil box 45. The stabilizer 2 can connect the oil storage box and the hydraulic rod at the other end of the simulation mechanism to facilitate the delivery of lubricating oil.

[0043] The air pressure generated by the pressurizing component drives the flow of lubricating grease. Solenoid valve 49 and solenoid valve 50 are controlled by a controller (not shown in the figure) to achieve selective lubrication. By closing solenoid valve 49 and opening solenoid valve 50, the hydraulic rod 32 at one end of the simulation mechanism can be lubricated. When solenoid valve 50 is closed and solenoid valve 49 is opened, the other end can be lubricated.

[0044] All electrical components mentioned in this article are connected to an external main controller and 220V AC mains power, and the main controller can be a conventional known device such as a computer that can control it.

[0045] The working steps of the device in this invention are as follows: When in use, the device is moved to the designated position in the training area by the moving wheel 6, the adjusting rod 35 is rotated to make the support plate 36 make close contact with the ground, the moving wheel 6 is locked and braked to ensure the stability of the device, clean water is added to the water storage chamber 20 of the environmental simulation box 12, simulated dust is added to the dust storage chamber 21, and the grease level in the lubricating oil box 45 is checked. Select the target working condition according to the training needs, and send the switching command through the control module. New line contact working condition: Motor 38 drives the first simulation component 501 to the working position, ratchet disk 40 is positioned, and hydraulic rod 32 adjusts the contact pressure to the preset value. Dust contact condition: Motor 38 drives the second simulation component 502 to the working position, electric telescopic rod 24 drives the connecting pipe 30 to connect with the dust inlet pipe 18, and the fan assembly 26 is started to transport dust. After stabilization, the contact pressure is adjusted. Wear contact condition: Motor 38 drives the third simulation component 503 to the working position, and hydraulic rod 32 adjusts the contact pressure to the preset value; Wet contact condition: Motor 38 drives the fourth simulation component 504 to the working position, electric telescopic rod 23 drives the connecting pipe 28 to connect with the liquid inlet pipe 17, and starts the liquid pump 25 to spray liquid medium. After stabilization, the contact pressure is adjusted. Start the drive unit 10, and the motor 13 drives the rotating cylinder 9 to rotate, so that the detection line 11 forms dynamic frictional contact with the pantograph slide plate. Trainees operate the pantograph control device, observe the contact pressure change, friction coefficient and other data on the control module, and master the adjustment techniques.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A subway pantograph simulation training device, characterized in that, This includes support components, simulation mechanisms, and environmental simulation components; The support includes an N-shaped frame (1) located at the left and right ends of the simulation mechanism, with a stabilizing rod (2) fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the N-shaped frame (1) and a stabilizing component fixedly connected to its bottom; The simulation mechanism includes a collar module (3) located in the middle of the crossbar of the N-type frame (1), a rotating rod (4) fixedly connected between the relative collar modules (3), and multiple simulation components (5) arranged around the circumference of the collar module (3); the left end collar module (3) of the simulation mechanism is provided with a drive module inside, which is used to drive the simulation components (5) to switch between each other, thereby improving the efficiency of simulation training; The simulation component (5) includes a support rod (7) disposed on the surface of the relative collar module (3), an I-beam (8) detachably connected to both ends of the top of the support rod (7), a rotatable rotating cylinder (9) disposed inside the I-beam (8), and a drive component (10) disposed inside the I-beam (8) for driving the rotating cylinder (9) to rotate, and a detection line (11) wound on the surface of the rotating cylinder (9) and used in conjunction with an external pantograph sliding plate; The environmental simulation component includes an environmental simulation box (12) located on top of the N-shaped frame (1) at the right end of the simulation mechanism. The environmental simulation box (12) includes a dust medium output component and a liquid medium output component. The output ends of the dust medium output component and the liquid medium output component are connected to multiple simulation components (5), two of which are used in conjunction with each other.

2. The subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The simulation component (5) includes a first simulation component (501), a second simulation component (502), a third simulation component (503), and a fourth simulation component (504); The detection lines wound on the surface of the first simulation part (501) are the detection lines in the new state; The detection lines wound around the surface of the second simulation component (502) are detection lines with accumulated dust; The detection lines wrapped around the surface of the third simulation part (503) are detection lines under wear conditions; The detection limit detection line is wrapped around the surface of the fourth simulation part (504) under wet conditions.

3. The subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving component (10) includes a motor (13) located inside the left end of the I-beam (8). The output end of the motor (13) is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft (14). The outer wall of the middle part of the rotating shaft (14) is fixedly connected to the rotating cylinder (9), thereby driving it to rotate. An inductor coil group (15) is provided on the outer wall of the I-beam (8) extending into the interior of the rotating cylinder (9). A metal induction plate (16) is provided inside the rotating cylinder (9), and it partially overlaps with the inductor coil group (15).

4. The subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second simulation component (502) and the fourth simulation component (504) are respectively provided with liquid inlet pipe (17) and dust inlet pipe (18) on the surface of the I-shaped tube (8). The interior of the environmental simulation box (12) is provided with partition plate (19), and water storage chamber (20) and dust storage chamber (21) located on both sides of partition plate (19). The N-type frame (1) is provided with vertical rod (22) near the environmental simulation box (12). Electric telescopic rod one (23) and electric telescopic rod two (24) are provided at the top of the vertical rod (22).

5. A subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The environmental simulation box (12) is provided with a liquid pump (25) and a fan assembly (26) on one side. The liquid pump (25) extends into the water storage chamber (20) through a hose. The liquid outlet is provided with a hose (27). The other end of the hose (27) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (28). The connecting pipe (28) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (23) and is used in conjunction with the dust inlet pipe (18). The air inlet of the fan assembly (26) is connected to the dust storage chamber (21), and a second flexible hose (29) is provided at the dust outlet. The other end of the second flexible hose (29) is fixedly connected to a second connecting pipe (30), wherein the second connecting pipe (30) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric telescopic rod (24) and is used in conjunction with the liquid inlet pipe (17). The second simulation component (502) is located inside the I-shaped tube (8) and has an annular water flow channel. Multiple nozzles (31) are evenly arranged at the outlet of the annular water flow channel. The water outlet of the nozzle (31) is connected to the position of the detection line (11). The environmental simulation box (12) is located on the inner wall of the dust storage chamber (21) and has an air inlet.

6. The subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the crossbar of the N-type frame (1) is provided with a hydraulic rod (32). The output end of the hydraulic rod (32) is fixedly connected to the surface of the collar module (3). The collar module (3) includes a fixed plate (33) fixedly connected to the output end of the hydraulic rod (32), and an outer ring (37) is sleeved on the surface of the fixed plate (33). The two ends of the rotating shaft (4) are fixed at the center of the outer ring (37).

7. A subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The stabilizing component includes a connecting plate (34) located on one side of the bottom of the N-type frame (1), an adjusting rod (35) threadedly connected to the upper surface of the connecting plate (34), a support plate (36) sleeved at the bottom end of the adjusting rod (35), and a moving wheel (6) at the bottom end of the N-type frame (1). The N-type frame (1) has a limiting block on one side of the crossbar, and a curved rod that can extend and retract vertically is inserted inside the limiting block. The top end of the curved rod is fixedly connected to the circumference of the fixed plate (33).

8. A subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The drive module includes a motor (38) located inside the fixed disk at the left end of the simulation mechanism. The output end of the motor (38) is fixedly connected to the convex shaft at the center of the outer ring (37). The end of the rotating rod (4) away from the motor (38) extends into the interior of another fixed disk and is fixedly connected to a drive disk (39). A ratchet disk (40) is provided around the circumference of the drive disk (39) for use with it.

9. A subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The fixed plate is equipped with a pressurizing component, including a piston chamber (41) located near the ratchet disc (40). A piston rod (42) is movably connected inside the piston chamber (41). The bottom end of the piston rod (42) is movably connected to the edge of the ratchet disc (40) on the other side. An air inlet (43) is provided on the upper surface of the fixed plate. A one-way valve (44) is provided inside the air inlet (43). A telescopic tube (47) is provided on one side of the fixed plate. The telescopic tube (47) communicates with the piston chamber (41). The bottom end of the telescopic tube (47) is detachably connected to the upper surface of the N-type frame (1). A lubricating oil box (45) is provided on one side of the crossbar of the N-type frame (1). A connecting pipe (46) is provided on the top of the lubricating oil box (45). The other end of the connecting pipe (46) is connected to the hydraulic rod (32). A telescopic pipe (48) is provided on the surface of the connecting pipe (46). The other end of the telescopic pipe (48) is located at the edge of the side of the fixed plate (33). An oil outlet chamber is provided inside the fixed plate (33) and is connected to the connection between the fixed plate (33) and the outer ring (37).

10. A subway pantograph simulation training device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The pressurizing assembly pressurizes the inside of the lubricating oil box (45), and the lubricating oil enters the connection between the hydraulic rod (32) and the fixed plate (33) and the outer ring (37) through the connecting pipe (46) and the telescopic pipe (48) to lubricate the inside; The N-type frame (1) and the stabilizer (2) have cavities inside and are connected to the telescopic tube (47) and the lubricating oil box (45). Solenoid valve (49) and solenoid valve (50) are provided in the cavity near the lubricating oil box (45). The oil storage box and hydraulic rod at the other end of the simulation mechanism can be connected through the stabilizer (2) to facilitate the delivery of lubricating oil.

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