A power supply circuit, control method, device and vehicle

Abstract

A power supply circuit, control method, device, and vehicle are disclosed, relating to the field of power management technology, to reduce the power capacity requirements for equipment startup. The power supply circuit includes a control unit, a low-voltage power supply, and an energy storage component. The control unit receives a high-voltage request and sends a control signal to the energy storage component to control the energy storage component to work in conjunction with the low-voltage power supply to drive the electrical components to start. By utilizing the energy storage component in the equipment to assist the low-voltage power supply in discharging to the electrical components when high voltage is applied during equipment startup, the discharge current requirement of the low-voltage power supply can be reduced, thereby reducing the capacity requirement of the low-voltage power supply. This allows the equipment startup scheme, including low-temperature cold starts, to be implemented with only a relatively small-capacity low-voltage power supply, without the need for a large-capacity power supply or even two power supplies. This achieves weight reduction, cost reduction, and reduced space requirements, contributing to the miniaturization and high integration of equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power management technology, and in particular to a power circuit, control method, device, and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] The low-voltage power supply system is a crucial component of the vehicle's body domain system. It not only powers low-voltage electrical appliances such as lights, instruments, entertainment systems, power windows, and windshield wipers, but also provides power to the control circuits of high-voltage electrical appliances such as the vehicle controller and battery management system. The power supply capacity of the low-voltage power supply system plays a vital role in ensuring the safe starting of all vehicle components.

[0003] Currently, vehicle startup places high demands on the power capacity of the low-voltage power supply system, especially in low-temperature cold start scenarios, requiring the power supply to discharge and provide a terminal voltage of at least 9.5V. Therefore, the mainstream solution is usually to configure the power supply as a single large-capacity low-voltage power supply, or to combine multiple small-capacity low-voltage power supplies. However, this configuration not only increases the overall vehicle cost and weight, but also increases the space required for power supply layout, making power supply placement more difficult and hindering the miniaturization and high integration of vehicles.

[0004] In summary, how to reduce the power capacity requirements for vehicle startup is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in the field of vehicle power management. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a power supply circuit, control method, device, and vehicle to reduce the power capacity requirements for starting up equipment (such as vehicles).

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides a power supply circuit, which includes a control unit, a low-voltage power supply and an energy storage component respectively coupled to the control unit. The control unit is used to receive a request for high voltage and send a control signal to the energy storage component. The energy storage component is used to drive the electrical components to start up together with the low-voltage power supply according to the control signal from the control unit.

[0007] Based on the above power circuit, when high voltage is applied during equipment startup, the energy storage components in the equipment can assist the low-voltage power supply in discharging, thereby reducing the discharge current requirement of the low-voltage power supply and thus reducing the capacity requirement of the low-voltage power supply. This allows the equipment to start up with only a relatively small-capacity low-voltage power supply, including low-temperature cold starts, without the need for a large-capacity power supply or even two power supplies. This achieves the effects of weight reduction, cost reduction, and reduced space requirements, contributing to the miniaturization and high integration of the equipment.

[0008] For example, when the device is a vehicle, the energy storage components that are already in the vehicle can be used to assist the vehicle's low-voltage power supply in supplying power to the high-voltage components, so as to meet the power supply current required for the vehicle to start up, making the single low-voltage power supply solution feasible and achieving the effect of weight reduction and cost reduction.

[0009] In one possible design, the low-voltage power supply is a relatively small-capacity low-voltage power supply in a low-voltage power supply system, such as a 20Ah low-voltage power supply.

[0010] Based on the above design, only a small-capacity low-voltage power supply needs to be set up in the low-voltage power supply system to complete the high-voltage start-up of the components together with the energy storage components. The smaller the capacity of the low-voltage power supply, the smaller the battery size and weight, the lower the cost, and the easier it is to lay out in the equipment.

[0011] In one possible design, the energy storage component is a part that integrates capacitors, inductors, or batteries into the device. For example, in a vehicle, the energy storage component includes, but is not limited to, a collision power module and / or an airbag module. In some scenarios, the collision power module is also called a collision safety redundancy module or a collision safety unlocking module, and the airbag module is also called an airbag controller.

[0012] Based on the above design, existing components such as collision power modules or airbag modules in the vehicle can be used to assist the low-voltage power supply in providing the current required for vehicle startup, thereby reducing the discharge current requirement of the low-voltage power supply and making the vehicle startup scheme with a single low-voltage power supply feasible.

[0013] In one example of the above design, the capacitor in the energy storage component is a large capacitor, that is, a capacitor with a capacity of several hundred microfarads or more, such as 1000μF.

[0014] Based on the above design, by using devices with large capacitance in the vehicle as energy storage components, a larger current can be provided by the energy storage components, thereby effectively reducing the demand for current provided by the low-voltage power supply, and thus effectively reducing the capacity demand of the low-voltage power supply.

[0015] In one possible design, the control unit and the energy storage components are connected via hardwire or communication lines.

[0016] Based on the above design, the control unit and the energy storage component can communicate through simple levels or messages to realize an auxiliary power supply solution, which is more flexible, applicable to more scenarios, and more versatile.

[0017] In one possible design, after receiving a request to apply high voltage, the control unit can first obtain the current state of the device, and only send a control signal to the energy storage component if it determines that at least one of the following conditions is met: Condition one: The ambient temperature is determined to be below a set temperature threshold. In other words, after receiving a high-voltage request, the control unit first obtains the ambient temperature and determines whether it is below the set temperature threshold. If it is below the threshold, a control signal is sent to the energy storage component, instructing it and the low-voltage power supply to jointly supply power to the device. If the temperature is above the threshold, no control signal is sent to the energy storage component, allowing the low-voltage power supply to supply power to the device alone. The set temperature threshold can be understood as a threshold set for low-temperature cold-start scenarios. Using condition one is equivalent to setting an ambient temperature-based power-on logic for the energy storage component. According to this logic, only in low-temperature cold-start scenarios can the energy storage component assist the low-voltage power supply in supplying power to the device, providing the current required for a successful cold start. In non-low-temperature cold-start scenarios, only the low-voltage power supply can supply power to the device, reducing unnecessary energy loss and minimizing the impact on the original function of the energy storage component. Condition two: The discharge current of the low-voltage power supply is less than the set current threshold. That is, after receiving a request to increase the high voltage, the control unit first obtains the current discharge current of the low-voltage power supply and determines whether the current discharge current is lower than the set current threshold. If it is lower, it means that the discharge current of the low-voltage power supply alone is insufficient to drive the electrical component to start. In this case, a control signal is sent to the energy storage component to instruct it to supplement the power supply current to the electrical component, ensuring that the electrical component can receive a sufficiently large current to start successfully. If the discharge current is not lower than the set current threshold, it means that the discharge current of the low-voltage power supply alone is sufficient to drive the electrical component to start. In this case, no control signal is sent to the energy storage component, allowing the low-voltage power supply to provide power to the electrical component independently. The energy storage component does not need to supply power, thus reducing unnecessary energy loss.

[0018] Condition 3: The discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply is less than the set voltage threshold. In other words, after receiving a request for high voltage, the control unit first obtains the current discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply and determines whether it is lower than the set voltage threshold. If it is lower, it means the discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply alone is insufficient to start the electrical component. In this case, a control signal is sent to the energy storage component to instruct it to supplement the electrical component with a sufficient voltage to ensure the component receives a sufficiently high voltage for successful startup. Conversely, if the discharge voltage is not lower than the set voltage threshold, it means the discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply alone is sufficient to start the component. In this case, no control signal is sent to the energy storage component, allowing the low-voltage power supply to provide voltage solely to the component, eliminating the need for the energy storage component to supply power and reducing unnecessary energy loss.

[0019] Using condition two or condition three is equivalent to setting up power-on logic for the energy storage component based on the power supply's discharge capacity. According to this power-on logic, the energy storage component can be called to assist in discharging only when the power supply's discharge capacity is insufficient, and there is no need to call the energy storage component to assist in discharging when the power supply's discharge capacity is sufficient. This balances the startup success rate of the electrical components with the special requirement of the energy storage component to ensure its own power supply.

[0020] In another possible design, the control unit can also directly send control signals to the energy storage component after receiving a request for high voltage.

[0021] Based on the above design, the energy storage component can be called to assist the low-voltage power supply in any component startup scenario, including low-temperature cold start scenario and non-low-temperature cold start scenario, so as to reduce the complexity of the overall control logic.

[0022] In one possible design, the energy storage component can stop discharging to the electrical component or switch to charging mode after determining that the component has started up. For example, it can simply stop discharging but not recharge. Alternatively, it can stop discharging and then recharge to full or high capacity.

[0023] Based on the above design, the discharge of the energy storage component can be stopped in time after the electrical component is successfully started. Optionally, the energy storage component can also be recharged to a high level to meet the special needs of the energy storage component to ensure its own power supply and ensure that the original function of the energy storage component is not affected.

[0024] In one example of the above design, if the energy storage component receives a high-voltage completion status signal from the control unit, it determines that the electrical component has started up. The high-voltage completion status signal is a signal sent by the control unit to the energy storage component after detecting that the electrical component has started up.

[0025] Based on the above examples, the energy storage component can be triggered to stop discharging by a signal from the control unit. The signal triggering method is simple and effective, does not occupy a large processing space, and can reduce the complexity of auxiliary startup.

[0026] In one possible design, the energy storage component includes a control module and an energy storage module, with the energy storage module coupled to the control module. Both the energy storage module and the electrical components are connected to the power grid. In this case, when the control unit sends a control signal to the energy storage component, it can specifically send a control signal to the control module; the control module then connects the line between the energy storage module and the power grid based on the control signal from the control unit.

[0027] Based on the above design, the electrical energy released by the energy storage module can be smoothly transmitted to the grid by controlling the connection between the energy storage module and the grid, so that the electrical components connected to the grid can access the energy, thus enabling the energy storage module to discharge to the electrical components. Furthermore, since both the electrical components and the energy storage module are connected to the grid, unified management of all power supply and power consumption components can be achieved, reducing the complexity of power supply and discharge operations.

[0028] In one example of the above design, after receiving a control signal from the control unit, the control module directly connects the energy storage module to the power grid.

[0029] Based on the above design, it is equivalent to calling the energy storage component to assist the low-voltage power supply in any component startup scenario, including low-temperature cold start scenario and non-low-temperature cold start scenario, so as to reduce the complexity of the overall control logic.

[0030] In another example of the above design, after receiving the control signal from the control unit, the control module can first obtain the ambient temperature and determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold. If it is lower than the set temperature threshold, the line between the energy storage module and the grid is connected; if it is not lower than the set temperature threshold, the line between the energy storage module and the grid is not connected.

[0031] Based on the above example, it is equivalent to adding a verification step before actually controlling the discharge of the energy storage module. This ensures that the energy storage module is used to assist the low-voltage power supply to power the electrical components only in low-temperature cold start scenarios. In non-low-temperature cold start scenarios, only the low-voltage power supply is used to power the electrical components. This not only ensures that the electrical components can start smoothly in various start-up scenarios, but also reduces unnecessary power loss of the energy storage components.

[0032] In one example of the above design, the energy storage component also includes a status management module. The status management module is connected to both the energy storage module and the control module. After the control module connects the energy storage module to the grid, the status management module can detect the power status of the energy storage module and send it to the control module. Based on the power status sent by the status management module, the control module determines that the energy storage module has finished charging and then disconnects the connection between the energy storage module and the grid.

[0033] Based on the above examples, the link between the energy storage module and the grid can be shut off in a timely manner after the energy storage module has finished charging, so as to avoid the energy of the energy storage module being transferred to the grid due to faults or other factors, resulting in energy waste.

[0034] In one example of the above design, the energy storage component also includes a switch module, which is coupled to the control module and is located on the line between the energy storage module and the grid. When the control module connects the line between the energy storage module and the grid, it can specifically control the switch module to close; when the control module disconnects the line between the energy storage module and the grid, it can specifically control the switch module to open.

[0035] Based on the above example, the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid can be controlled by controlling the on / off state of the switch module, thus reducing the difficulty of control.

[0036] In some examples, the charging and discharging lines of the energy storage module can be the same line. In this case, the switching module can contain only one switch. When the switch is open, the energy storage module can neither charge nor discharge. When the switch is on, the energy storage module can only perform one of the charging and discharging operations at the same time.

[0037] In other examples, the charging and discharging lines of the energy storage module can be different lines, essentially forming independent circuits. In this case, the switching module can contain two switches: one on the charging line and one on the discharging line. When charging is needed, the switch on the charging line is turned on, thus connecting the energy storage module to the grid. When discharging is needed, the switch on the discharging line is turned on, thus connecting the energy storage module to the grid.

[0038] Optionally, in this later example, different modes of the energy storage module can also be configured. In charging mode, the energy storage module charges through the charging line, and in discharging mode, the energy storage module discharges through the discharging line. The energy storage module can also be in both charging and discharging modes simultaneously, so that it can charge and discharge at the same time to support complex charging and discharging needs.

[0039] In one example of the above design, the energy storage module includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: capacitor, inductor, and battery.

[0040] Based on the above examples, multiple energy storage module types can be supported, making the power supply circuit applicable to more application scenarios and improving its versatility.

[0041] Secondly, this application provides a control method, which includes: receiving a high-voltage request and controlling an energy storage component to work in conjunction with a low-voltage power supply to drive the electrical components to start.

[0042] In one possible design, before controlling the energy storage components to drive the electrical components together with the low-voltage power supply to start, it can be determined that the current state meets at least one of the following conditions: the ambient temperature is lower than a set temperature threshold; the discharge current of the low-voltage power supply is less than a set current threshold; and the discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply is less than a set voltage threshold.

[0043] In one possible design, after the control energy storage component, together with the low-voltage power supply, drives the electrical component to start, if it is determined that the electrical component has finished starting, the control energy storage component stops discharging to the electrical component, or the control energy storage component switches to charging mode.

[0044] In one example of the above design, determining that the electrical component has completed startup can specifically include: receiving a high-voltage completion status signal to determine that the electrical component has completed startup. This high-voltage completion status signal is a signal sent by the electrical component after startup is complete.

[0045] In one possible design, the energy storage component includes an energy storage module, and both the energy storage module and the electrical components are connected to the power grid. In this case, controlling the energy storage component in conjunction with the low-voltage power supply to drive the electrical components to start can specifically include: controlling the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid.

[0046] In one example of the above design, after controlling the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid, the power status of the energy storage module can be obtained. Based on the power status, it is determined that the energy storage module has completed charging, and then the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid is disconnected.

[0047] In one example of the above design, the energy storage component also includes a switching module, which is located on the line between the energy storage module and the power grid. In this case, controlling the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid can specifically include: controlling the switching module to close; controlling the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid can specifically include: controlling the switching module to open.

[0048] Thirdly, this application provides a control device that has the function of implementing the control method described in the second aspect or any of the designs in the second aspect. For example, the control device includes modules, units or means for performing the operations involved in the control method in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect. The modules, units or means can be implemented by software, or by hardware, or by a combination of software and hardware.

[0049] In one possible design, the control device may include a transceiver unit and a drive control unit, which can be used to perform various steps of the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect above. For example, the transceiver unit is used to receive high-voltage requests, and the drive control unit is used to control the energy storage component to work in conjunction with the low-voltage power supply to drive the electrical components to start.

[0050] Fourthly, this application provides a control device that may include at least one processor, and optionally, may also include a memory (or storage medium). The memory is used to store program instructions; the at least one processor can read the program instructions from the memory, causing the control device to execute the methods provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect above.

[0051] Optionally, at least one processor refers to one or more processors, and memory may also be one or more memory units.

[0052] Optionally, the memory can be integrated with at least one processor, or the memory can be set separately from at least one processor.

[0053] In one possible design, the control device may further include a transceiver. The transceiver is used to receive and transmit signals; at least one processor is used to execute program instructions in response to signals received by the transceiver, causing the control device to perform the methods provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect above. Optionally, the transceiver may include a transmitter and a receiver.

[0054] In another possible design, the control device also includes a communication interface, with at least one processor coupled to the communication interface. The at least one processor reads program instructions from memory, invokes the communication interface to communicate with other devices, and executes the methods provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect above.

[0055] Optionally, in one example, the communication interface can be a transceiver, or an input / output interface. Optionally, the transceiver can be a transceiver circuit. Optionally, the input / output interface can be an input / output circuit.

[0056] Optionally, in another example, when the control device is a chip or chip system, the communication interface can be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip or chip system. At least one processor can also be embodied as at least one processing circuit or at least one logic circuit.

[0057] Fifthly, this application provides a terminal device that includes the power supply circuit of the first aspect or any of the designs or examples of the first aspect, or includes the control device of any of the designs or examples of the third or fourth aspect.

[0058] Optionally, the terminal device may also include an electrical component, a power supply circuit, or a control device for driving the electrical component to start.

[0059] The above terminal devices can be any type of device with high-voltage starting requirements, including but not limited to: vehicles, robots, mobile phones, computers, wearable devices, servers, computers, medical equipment, smart home devices, etc.

[0060] Sixthly, this application provides a vehicle that includes the power supply circuit of the first aspect or any of the designs or examples of the first aspect, or includes the control device of any of the designs or examples of the third or fourth aspect.

[0061] Optionally, when the vehicle includes a control device, the control device can be a component within the vehicle, such as a vehicle controller, vehicle dynamics control system, body controller, or other on-board control unit. Alternatively, it can be an external device, such as a cloud server, user terminal, roadside unit, or other vehicle, or a component within these devices, such as a processor, chip, or chip system. External devices or components can assist the vehicle in implementing its vehicle startup strategy by connecting to relevant components within the vehicle to be controlled, such as electrical components and energy storage components.

[0062] In a seventh aspect, this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect. Optionally, the computer may be a control device or a component thereof, such as a control device or a component thereof in a vehicle.

[0063] Eighthly, this application provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect. Optionally, the computer may be a control device or a component thereof, such as a control device or a component thereof in a vehicle.

[0064] Ninthly, this application provides a chip that includes the power supply circuit of the first aspect or any design or example of the first aspect, or the chip is used to read a computer program stored in a memory and execute the method provided by the second aspect or any design or example of the second aspect.

[0065] Alternatively, the chip can be a chip in a terminal device, such as a chip in a vehicle.

[0066] Optionally, the chip may include at least one processor coupled to a memory for reading a computer program stored in the memory to implement the methods provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect above.

[0067] Optionally, the chip may also include an interface circuit for providing program instructions or data to at least one processing unit, which executes the program instructions to implement the method provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect above.

[0068] Optionally, the chip may also include components such as memory, communication interface, and power supply module. The memory is used to store computer programs; the communication interface is used to receive and send data; and the power supply unit is used to supply power to the processor.

[0069] In a tenth aspect, this application provides a chip system including a processor for supporting a computer in implementing the methods provided in the second aspect or any of the designs or examples in the second aspect.

[0070] In one possible design, the chip system also includes memory for storing the computer's necessary programs and data. The chip system can consist of one or more chips, or it can include one or more chips and other discrete components.

[0071] The technical effects that can be achieved in aspects two through ten above can be referred to the description of the beneficial effects in aspect one above, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0072] Figure 1 An exemplary schematic diagram illustrates a possible application scenario provided by this application; Figure 2 An exemplary schematic diagram of a power supply circuit provided in this application is shown; Figure 3 An exemplary schematic diagram of another power supply circuit provided in this application is shown; Figure 4 An exemplary schematic diagram of another power supply circuit provided in this application is shown; Figure 5 An exemplary schematic diagram of another power supply circuit provided in this application is shown; Figure 6 An exemplary schematic diagram of an application architecture for a power supply circuit provided in this application is shown; Figure 7 An exemplary schematic diagram of the application control flow of a power supply circuit provided in this application is shown; Figure 8 An exemplary schematic diagram of the execution flow of a control method provided in this application is shown; Figure 9 An exemplary diagram illustrating the interaction flow of a control method provided in this application is shown. Figure 10 An exemplary diagram illustrating the detailed interaction flow of a control method provided in this application is shown. Figure 11 An exemplary schematic diagram of a control device provided in this application is shown; Figure 12 An exemplary schematic diagram of another control device provided in this application is shown; Figure 13 An exemplary schematic diagram of a terminal device provided in this application is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0073] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0074] The following provides explanations for some of the terms used in this application. It should be noted that these explanations are for the convenience of those skilled in the art and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0075] I. Low-temperature cold start.

[0076] Cold starts refer to starting a vehicle when the ambient temperature is very low (usually below -30°C). Simply put, starting a vehicle after it has been parked for an extended period, such as overnight, in a low-temperature environment is considered a cold start. While cold starts are more common in winter, they can also occur in other seasons if a vehicle has been parked for a long time.

[0077] II. Battery State of Charge (SOC).

[0078] The state of charge (SOC) of a battery, also known as the state of capacity, is a core parameter for measuring the remaining usable capacity of a battery. It represents the ratio of the battery's current remaining capacity to its total capacity when fully charged, usually expressed as a percentage, ranging from 0% to 100%. For example, @SOC showing 50% means the battery has half of its maximum capacity remaining. @SOC showing 20% ​​means the battery has one-fifth of its maximum capacity remaining.

[0079] III. Battery terminal voltage.

[0080] Battery terminal voltage refers to the potential difference between the positive and negative terminals of a battery during charging and discharging; it is also called end-point voltage or terminal pressure. Essentially, it is the work done by the electric field force moving a unit positive charge from the positive terminal to the negative terminal along the external circuit. In an open-circuit state, the terminal voltage equals the battery's electromotive force (EMF); while in a closed-circuit state (with current flowing), the terminal voltage decreases due to a voltage drop caused by internal resistance. Terminal voltage is an important indicator of battery performance, directly reflecting the remaining charge, charging and discharging efficiency, and overall health of the battery.

[0081] IV. Hard wires and communication lines.

[0082] Hardwired, also known as hard-wired wiring, can be understood as a physical conductor or cable, such as copper or aluminum wire. Hardwired signals directly transmit analog, switching, or pulse signals through point-to-point physical cables. The signals transmitted on hardwired wires are called hardwired signals. Hardwired signals transmit information through changes in voltage or current. This method of information transmission is simple and direct, with low transmission delay, fast response speed, and low cost. It is particularly suitable for applications with high real-time requirements, short transmission distances, and relatively simple electromagnetic environments, such as simple motor control and sensor signal transmission.

[0083] In contrast to hardwired cables, communication cables are cables that transmit structured data over a shared medium using strict communication protocols, supporting bidirectional interaction between multiple devices. The signals transmitted on communication cables are called communication signals, typically existing in digital encoding form, allowing for complex information exchange. For example, consider the Controller Area Network (CAN) bus. The CAN bus is a fieldbus based on a serial communication protocol that uses differential signal transmission, transmitting information through the voltage difference between two wires (CAN_H and CAN_L). The CAN bus adheres to strict data protocols, ensuring accurate information transmission within the system. It is particularly suitable for applications with high reliability requirements, long transmission distances, and complex network topologies, such as automotive electronic systems and industrial automation networks.

[0084] V. Vehicle electrical grid.

[0085] The vehicle electrical grid is a network for the transmission and distribution of electrical energy in an onboard electrical system. Its core function is to transmit electrical energy from the vehicle's power supply to all electrical equipment in the vehicle through wiring harnesses and power distribution devices, and to monitor, protect, and manage the electrical energy.

[0086] Vehicle-mounted electrical networks are mainly divided into two categories based on voltage level and function, adapting to different power needs: The first category is the low-voltage network, responsible for conventional low-power power consumption such as starting, lighting, central control, windshield wipers, and in-vehicle entertainment, serving as the vehicle's basic electrical network; the second category is the high-voltage network, responsible for high-power components such as drive motors, battery charging and discharging, and air conditioning compressors. Furthermore, vehicle-mounted electrical networks can also integrate power distribution modules, wiring harnesses, grounding systems, and power management modules to achieve rational power allocation, fault protection, and energy consumption optimization.

[0087] The preceding text introduced some of the terms used in this application. The following text introduces the possible application scenarios of this application.

[0088] In one possible implementation, the power supply circuit provided in this application can be integrated into a vehicle, which can be any type of vehicle, including but not limited to: cars, trucks, buses, trains, recreational vehicles, station wagons, vans, amusement park vehicles, construction vehicles, trams, golf carts, sightseeing vehicles, patrol vehicles, intelligent vehicles, and digital cars.

[0089] Please see Figure 1 This illustration shows a possible application scenario of this application. In this scenario, a sedan is used as an example. The sedan's low-voltage power supply system integrates a small-capacity low-voltage power source, such as a 20 ampere-hour (Ah) battery. When the sedan starts in a low-temperature environment, for example... Figure 1 The scenario depicting a car starting in snowy conditions or after prolonged parking in non-low-temperature environments is a cold start scenario. The car utilizes a small-capacity low-voltage power supply from its low-voltage power system, along with other energy storage components within the vehicle, to power its components. Although the capacity of this small low-voltage power supply is insufficient to start the vehicle components, combined with other energy storage components, it provides sufficient driving voltage to ensure a smooth start, thus enabling the entire vehicle to begin operation.

[0090] It should be noted that the above-mentioned vehicles may include, but are not limited to: pure electric vehicles (pure EVs / battery EVs), hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), range-extended electric vehicles (REEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), or other new energy vehicles (NEVs). These vehicles can be used in fields such as intelligent driving, assisted driving, or connected vehicles.

[0091] It should also be noted that the above application scenarios are merely examples. The power supply circuit provided in this application can be applied to other possible scenarios, and is not limited to those listed above. For example, the power supply circuit can also be integrated into other types of transportation vehicles, such as subways, high-speed trains, ships, ferries, passenger ships, airplanes, or helicopters, to assist in implementing a single-power-supply startup strategy for these vehicles, thereby ensuring smooth startup while achieving cost and weight reduction. As another example, the power supply circuit can also be integrated into user terminals, such as mobile phones, laptops, desktops, PDAs, wearable devices, headphones, and wristbands, to reduce the cost and weight of user terminals while maintaining startup performance and improving the user experience. Furthermore, the power supply circuit can be applied in smart living scenarios, such as integrating it into automatically following suitcases, smart wheelchairs, or smart mobility tools, to provide users with a smoother and more reliable startup experience. Moreover, the power supply circuit can also be applied in medical, industrial, and smart home scenarios, and so on. These will not be listed exhaustively here.

[0092] It should be noted that the application scenarios described in this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of this application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in this application.

[0093] Taking power supply circuits applied to vehicles as an example, as described in the background, vehicles have high requirements for the power capacity of the low-voltage power supply system in low-temperature cold start scenarios. More specifically, they have high requirements for the terminal voltage during the discharge process of the low-voltage power supply. For example, taking a high-end vehicle as an example, to achieve low-temperature cold start of vehicle components, the low-voltage power supply needs to meet the following conditions: under an ambient temperature of -30℃ and a state of charge (SOC) of 20%, the low-voltage power supply first discharges with a current of 54A for 15 seconds, then discharges with a current of 81A for 1 second. The lowest value U of the terminal voltage of the low-voltage power supply during the entire discharge process... min It needs to be greater than 9.5V.

[0094] However, according to current test results for low-temperature cold start conditions, for a 20Ah low-voltage power supply with a state of charge (SOC) of 80%, at an ambient temperature of -30℃, after discharging at a current of 54A for 15 seconds and then at a current of 81A for 1 second, the lowest value U of the low-voltage power supply terminal voltage is... min With only 9.2584V, which is less than the 9.5V terminal voltage required for cold starts of vehicle components at low temperatures, the vehicle components cannot be started smoothly.

[0095] The bottleneck causing the above problem lies in the relatively small capacity of the 20Ah low-voltage power supply. After discharging at 81A current for 1 second, the terminal voltage of the low-voltage power supply is pulled to its lowest point. Since there is a positive correlation between battery capacity and terminal voltage, the minimum terminal voltage of the 20Ah low-voltage power supply can only reach 9.2584V, which is insufficient to meet the 9.5V voltage requirement of vehicle components under low-temperature cold start conditions.

[0096] To address this issue and resolve the problem of insufficient battery terminal voltage to meet the requirements of low-temperature cold start conditions, several solutions are needed to increase the capacity of the low-voltage power supply. The relevant technologies primarily propose the following two solutions: Solution 1: Increase the capacity of a single low-voltage power supply, for example, from 20Ah to 25Ah, or even to 40Ah. With increased capacity, the battery's remaining charge is improved when discharging at 81A for 1 second, thus increasing the minimum battery terminal voltage, likely reaching the required 9.5V. However, this increase in capacity also leads to higher cost and weight for the low-voltage power supply, increasing both the overall vehicle cost and weight. Furthermore, the increased capacity also increases the size of the low-voltage power supply, requiring more space and making its placement more challenging. Solution 2 involves adding a second low-voltage power supply, forming a dual-low-voltage power distribution architecture. The capacity of the second low-voltage power supply can be smaller than the first, for example, 5Ah, or the same, for example, 20Ah, or any other capacity. After adding the second low-voltage power supply, both supply units discharge together at 81A for 1 second. Since the second power supply also provides some power, the remaining capacity of the first power supply is increased, thus raising the minimum terminal voltage of the first power supply, likely reaching the required 9.5V. However, adding a second low-voltage power supply increases the overall vehicle cost and weight, requires additional space within the vehicle to accommodate the second power supply, and necessitates additional low-voltage wiring harnesses connecting the second power supply to the vehicle's low-voltage power grid.

[0097] In summary, while both increasing the capacity of a single low-voltage power supply and adopting a dual low-voltage power supply architecture can solve the problem that a single small-capacity low-voltage power supply cannot meet the low-temperature cold start requirements of the entire vehicle, other problems will also arise, such as increased vehicle weight, higher vehicle cost, and greater difficulty in battery layout. Some measures need to be taken to avoid these problems.

[0098] In view of this, this application provides a power supply circuit. When the power supply circuit is applied to a vehicle starting scenario, it can call upon the energy storage components already present in the vehicle to assist the low-voltage power supply in the low-voltage power supply system in supplying power to the electrical components in the vehicle. In this way, even if only a small-capacity low-voltage power supply is integrated in the low-voltage power supply system, a portion of the electrical energy can be provided to the electrical components through the energy storage components to ensure that the electrical components start smoothly without increasing the capacity of the low-voltage power supply or laying out a second low-voltage power supply. This allows for the smooth starting of the entire vehicle without increasing the weight of the vehicle, the cost of the vehicle, or the difficulty of battery layout, including but not limited to cold starts of the vehicle in low temperatures.

[0099] Based on the above, the following is in conjunction with the appendix. Figure 2 To be continued Figure 13 This application describes the power supply circuit and related solutions provided.

[0100] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, etc.) in this application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship between the components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0101] Furthermore, in this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "coupling," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can mean a direct link or an indirect link through an intermediate medium; in short, it can transmit relevant signals. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0102] Furthermore, in this application, any references to "quantity," "location," or similar terms do not refer to absolute quantities or locations and are permissible to vary. For example, other quantities or locations may be used, depending on the specific needs of the actual application scenario, and are not restricted.

[0103] Please see Figure 2 This diagram illustrates the structure of a power supply circuit provided in this application. Figure 2 As shown, the power supply circuit 200 includes a control unit 210, a low-voltage power supply 220, and an energy storage component 230. The low-voltage power supply 220 and the energy storage component 230 are respectively connected to the control unit 210, for example, through a hard wire connection or through a communication line connection; in short, they can transmit electrical signals.

[0104] Based on the circuit structure and connection relationship, after receiving the request for high voltage, the control unit 210 sends a control signal to the energy storage component 230 so that the energy storage component 230, together with the low voltage power supply 220, drives the electrical component 300 to start according to the control signal.

[0105] Optionally, the power-consuming component 300 is a high-voltage component, and its startup is divided into low-voltage power-on and high-voltage power-on. During the low-voltage power-on phase, the low-voltage power supply 220 begins discharging. The electrical energy released by the low-voltage power supply 220 is used to wake up the control unit 210 and also supplied to the high-voltage power-consuming component 300. After being woken up, if the control unit 210 receives a high-voltage request, it sends a control signal to the energy storage component 230. The energy storage component 230 then begins discharging according to the control signal from the control unit 210, and the released electrical energy is also supplied to the high-voltage power-consuming component 300.

[0106] Thus, at the moment the electrical component 300 is connected to high voltage, it will simultaneously receive electrical energy from both the low-voltage power supply 220 and the energy storage component 230. Even if the electrical energy provided by the low-voltage power supply 220 is insufficient to drive the electrical component 300 to start under high voltage, the combined auxiliary electrical energy provided by the energy storage component 230 will be sufficient to drive the electrical component 300 to start.

[0107] The electrical energy here can be any type of electrical signal, including but not limited to: current, voltage, etc.

[0108] For example, taking electrical energy as current, when starting the electrical component 300, the low-voltage power supply 220 discharges a first current to the electrical component 300, and the energy storage component 230 discharges a second current to the electrical component 300. These two currents together drive the electrical component 300 to start. Taking the aforementioned low-temperature cold start scenario as an example, assuming that the electrical component 300 requires an 81A current discharge for 1 second for a low-temperature cold start, the energy storage component 230 can assist in discharging a portion of the current, allowing the discharge current of the low-voltage power supply 220 to be less than 81A, for example, reduced to 60A or even less. This reduces the discharge current requirement of the low-voltage power supply 220 for the low-temperature cold start of the electrical component 300, thereby reducing the capacity requirement of the low-voltage power supply 220. This allows a small-capacity low-voltage power supply 220 to support the low-temperature cold start of the electrical component 300, without the need for a large-capacity low-voltage power supply or two low-voltage power supplies. This solves the problem that a single small-capacity low-voltage power supply cannot meet the low-temperature cold start requirements.

[0109] In one example, the energy storage component 230 can be triggered to discharge based on the ambient temperature. For instance, the energy storage component 230 can be activated to provide auxiliary power only in low-temperature cold start scenarios, and not in non-low-temperature cold start scenarios.

[0110] In this scenario, after receiving a request for high voltage, the control unit 210 can first obtain the ambient temperature and then determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold used to indicate a cold start. If it is lower than the set temperature threshold, it means that a cold start is currently in effect, and the low-voltage power supply 220 alone is insufficient to drive the electrical component 300 to start. The energy storage component 230 needs to be called upon to assist the low-voltage power supply 220 in discharging. Therefore, the control unit 210 can send a control signal to the energy storage component 230 to also discharge to the electrical component 300, ensuring that the electrical component 300 receives sufficient electrical energy to achieve a cold start.

[0111] Conversely, if the ambient temperature is not lower than the set temperature threshold, or if it is higher than or equal to the set temperature threshold, it means that the current situation is not a low-temperature cold start, but rather a normal temperature start or a high-temperature start. In these start-up scenarios, the discharge of the low-voltage power supply 220 alone is sufficient to drive the electrical component 300 to start, and there is no need to call the energy storage component 230 for auxiliary discharge. Therefore, the control unit 210 can refrain from sending control signals to the energy storage component 230, so that the electrical component 300 can start using only the electrical energy released by the low-voltage power supply 220. This ensures the smooth start-up of the electrical component 300 while minimizing unnecessary resource and performance overhead of the energy storage component 230.

[0112] In the above content, the set temperature threshold can be understood as the critical temperature value between low-temperature cold start scenarios and non-low-temperature cold start scenarios. In the vehicle start-up scenario, it can be configured as -30°, -32°, -40° or other temperatures, for example. The specific configuration can be based on the actual application scenario requirements, or it can be customized by the user, without any restrictions.

[0113] In another example, the energy storage component 230 can be triggered to discharge based on the discharge capability of the low-voltage power supply. For instance, the energy storage component 230 can be activated to provide auxiliary power only when the low-voltage power supply has insufficient discharge capability, and not when the low-voltage power supply has sufficient discharge capability.

[0114] In this scenario, after receiving a request for high voltage, the control unit 210 can first obtain the current discharge current or discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply 220, and then determine whether the discharge current or discharge voltage is lower than a set current threshold or set voltage threshold used to indicate sufficient starting power. If it is lower than the set current threshold or set voltage threshold, it means that the current discharge capacity of the low-voltage power supply 220 is insufficient, and the low-voltage power supply 220 alone cannot drive the electrical component 300 to start. It is necessary to call the energy storage component 230 to assist the low-voltage power supply 220 in discharging together. Therefore, the control unit 210 can send a control signal to the energy storage component 230 to make the energy storage component 230 also discharge to the electrical component 300, ensuring that the electrical component 300 can receive enough electrical energy to achieve a cold start at low temperatures.

[0115] Conversely, if the discharge current or discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply 220 is not lower than the set current threshold or the set voltage threshold, or is higher than or equal to the set current threshold or the set voltage threshold, it means that the current discharge capacity of the low-voltage power supply 220 is sufficient, and the low-voltage power supply 220 alone is enough to drive the electrical component 300 to start, without needing to call the energy storage component 230 for auxiliary discharge. Therefore, the control unit 210 can avoid sending control signals to the energy storage component 230, so that the electrical component 300 can start using only the electrical energy released by the low-voltage power supply 220, ensuring the smooth start-up of the electrical component 300 while minimizing unnecessary resource and performance overhead of the energy storage component 230.

[0116] In the above content, setting the current threshold or voltage threshold can be understood as the critical temperature value at which high-voltage start-up can be achieved and cannot be achieved. The specific value can be configured according to the actual application scenario requirements, or it can be customized by the user, without any restrictions.

[0117] It should be noted that the two examples above are only examples of triggering the discharge of energy storage component 230 based on a single condition. However, in other scenarios, the above two examples can be combined to trigger the discharge of energy storage component 230 based on at least one of ambient temperature and the discharge capability of the low-voltage power supply. For example, when the ambient temperature is lower than a set temperature threshold and / or the discharge capability of the low-voltage power supply is insufficient to drive the electrical component 300 to start, the energy storage component 230 is controlled to discharge. Only when the ambient temperature is not lower than the set temperature threshold and the discharge capability of the low-voltage power supply is sufficient to drive the electrical component 300 to start, the energy storage component 230 is not controlled to discharge, in order to accommodate some abnormal startup scenarios.

[0118] It should also be noted that the above-mentioned triggering conditions for discharging the energy storage component 230 are designed to reduce the impact of calling the auxiliary components of the energy storage component 230 on its original functions. The original functions of the energy storage component 230 require it to maintain its own power supply at all times to avoid needing to use its power to perform emergency functions in unforeseen circumstances. In such cases, the energy storage component 230 is only invoked when the power-consuming component 300 cannot be started. In non-essential scenarios where the power-consuming component 300 can be started, the energy storage component 230 is not invoked. This minimizes the impact of the new auxiliary power supply scheme on the power supply of the energy storage component 230, ensuring that its original functions remain largely unaffected.

[0119] However, it is understandable that in some other examples, the energy storage component 230 can be directly triggered to discharge by default.

[0120] In other words, in any startup scenario, including low-temperature cold start and non-low-temperature cold start scenarios, including scenarios where the low-voltage power supply 220 has sufficient discharge capacity and scenarios where the discharge capacity is insufficient, the energy storage component 230 can be called to assist the power supply component 230 in starting.

[0121] In this scenario, upon receiving a high-voltage request, the control unit 210 can directly send a control signal to the energy storage component 230, regardless of the current scenario. Thus, for any startup scenario, the energy storage component 230 and the low-voltage power supply 220 can work together to discharge to the electrical component 300, ensuring that the electrical component 300 receives sufficient electrical energy for a cold start under any startup scenario. Simultaneously, unified process management for all startup scenarios can be achieved, reducing the complexity of the control logic.

[0122] In one example, during the process of discharging energy storage component 230 to electrical component 300, the startup status of electrical component 300 can also be obtained. Based on the startup status, if it is determined that electrical component 300 has completed startup, any one of the following three operations can be performed: Operation 1: The energy storage component 230 stops discharging to the electrical component 300. For example, the energy storage component 230 disconnects the line between itself and the electrical component 300 to stop supplying power to the electrical component 300, thereby avoiding unnecessary power loss; In operation two, the energy storage component 230 switches to charging mode. For example, the energy storage component 230 connects to the low-voltage power supply 220 to draw power from the low-voltage power supply 220 and supply it to itself, thereby replenishing the energy lost during the previous auxiliary discharge and quickly restoring it to full or high charge. In this way, when the energy storage component 230 needs to be called upon later, it can be ensured that the energy storage component 230 always has sufficient power to smoothly perform its original functions, thus reducing the impact of calling upon the energy storage component 230 for auxiliary power supply on its original functions. In operation three, the energy storage component 230 first stops supplying power to the power-consuming component 300, and then switches to charging mode. For example, the energy storage component 230 first disconnects the line between itself and the power-consuming component 300 to stop supplying power to the power-consuming component 300, and then waits for a period of time before reconnecting the line between itself and the low-voltage power supply 220 to draw power from the low-voltage power supply 220 and supply it to itself. Optionally, during the waiting period, the energy storage component 230 can re-detect whether the power-consuming component 300 has actually started. If it has indeed started, it can reconnect the line between itself and the low-voltage power supply 220 to charge; if it has not started successfully, it can reconnect the line between itself and the power-consuming component 300 to continue discharging to the power-consuming component 300. In this way, by switching between discharging and charging in a standby mode for a period of time, it can accommodate scenarios where the power-consuming component is mistakenly detected to be starting, ensuring that the energy storage component is isolated only after the power-consuming component has actually started, thereby improving the accuracy of calling the energy storage component for auxiliary power supply.

[0123] In the above example, there are many ways for the energy storage component 230 to determine that the electrical component 300 has completed startup, such as: In one example, after the energy storage component 230 begins discharging to the power-consuming component 300, it can periodically send status monitoring signals to the power-consuming component 300 and obtain the status monitoring results returned by the power-consuming component 300. If the status monitoring result is "starting up," the energy storage component 230 continues to discharge to the power-consuming component 300 until the status monitoring result changes to "starting up complete." At this point, the energy storage component 230 stops discharging to the power-consuming component 300 and / or switches to charging mode. In another example, after the energy storage component 230 begins discharging to the power consumption component 300, it can wait for status monitoring results sent by other devices. When the status monitoring results indicate that the power consumption component 300 has completed startup, the energy storage component 230 stops discharging to the power consumption component 300 and / or switches to charging mode.

[0124] Other devices can be understood as devices other than the power-consuming component 300 and the energy storage component 230. Examples include the control unit 210 or other control devices that can obtain the startup status of the power-consuming component 300, without specific limitations.

[0125] For example, taking control unit 210 as another device, after sending a control signal to energy storage component 230, control unit 210 can also interact with the power-consuming component 300 to monitor its startup status. For instance, control unit 210 can instruct the power-consuming component 300 to send status signals to control unit 210 in real time or periodically during startup. Each time control unit 210 receives a status signal from the power-consuming component 300, it can determine whether the power-consuming component 300 has completed startup. If startup is not complete, it continues to wait for the next status signal. If startup is complete, it can send a high-voltage completion status signal to energy storage component 230. Upon receiving the high-voltage completion status signal from control unit 210, energy storage component 230 can determine that the power-consuming component 300 has completed startup, and energy storage component 230 will no longer discharge to the power-consuming component 300, and / or switch to charging mode.

[0126] This triggering method means that when the energy storage module 230 receives a control signal from the control unit 210, it begins to discharge; and when it receives a high-voltage completion status signal from the control unit 210, it ends the discharge or begins charging. In this way, the overall operating logic of the energy storage module 230 is simple and controllable, without adding much processing logic to the energy storage module 230, thus reducing the impact on the original functions of the energy storage module 230.

[0127] The specific presentation of the control signals and the high-voltage completion status signals described above depends on the type of connection between the control unit 210 and the energy storage component 230. If the connection is via hard wiring, these two signals can be voltage levels, such as "1" or "0". The energy storage component 230 automatically charges after power-on. After charging is complete, it switches to standby mode. Then, if it receives a voltage level, it switches to discharge mode to supply power to the electrical component 300. Upon receiving another voltage level, it either ends the discharge process or switches back to charging mode.

[0128] If the connection is via a communication line such as CAN, then these two signals can be messages formatted according to the communication protocol, including a header and body content, with instructions typically carried in the body content. The energy storage component 230 can determine whether the received message is a control signal or a high-voltage completion status signal by parsing the body content. If it is a control signal, it switches to discharge mode to supply power to the power-consuming component 300. If it is a high-voltage completion status signal, it ends the discharge process or switches to charging mode.

[0129] Of course, there may be other signal triggering methods, and this application does not impose specific restrictions on them.

[0130] The above content introduced the basic functional principle of the power supply circuit 200. The specific circuit implementation will be explained in detail below.

[0131] Please see Figure 3 The diagram shows a specific structural schematic of a power supply circuit provided in this application. In this structure, the low-voltage power supply 220, the energy storage component 230, and the power-consuming component 300 are all connected to the power grid. Therefore, the electrical signal interaction between any two devices in the low-voltage power supply 220, the energy storage component 230, and the power-consuming component 300 can be achieved through the interaction between these devices and the power grid.

[0132] For example, as described above, the low-voltage power supply 220 discharges to the power-consuming component 300, specifically, the low-voltage power supply 220 discharges to the power grid. The energy storage component 230 discharges to the power-consuming component 300, specifically, the energy storage component 230 discharges to the power grid. The power-consuming component 300 draws power from the power grid to obtain the electrical energy discharged to the power grid by the low-voltage power supply 220 and the energy storage component 230.

[0133] Similarly, the energy storage component 230 stops discharging to the power-consuming component 300, specifically, the energy storage component 230 stops discharging to the power grid. The energy storage component 230 switches to charging mode, specifically, the energy storage component 230 draws power from the power grid, for example, obtaining electrical energy from the grid and supplying it to the internal devices of the energy storage component 230. These are just a few examples.

[0134] In one example, to enable the energy storage component 230 to discharge to the grid, such as Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage component 230 may include a control module 231 and an energy storage module 232. The control module 231 is connected to both the control unit 210 and the energy storage module 232, while the energy storage module 232 and the power-consuming component 231 are connected to the power grid. After receiving a request to connect to high voltage, the control unit 210 sends a control signal to the control module 231 in the energy storage component 230. Upon receiving the control signal from the control unit 210, the control module 231 connects the energy storage module 232 to the power grid, allowing the electrical signal from the energy storage module 232 to be transmitted to the power grid through the connected line, thus providing power to the power-consuming component 300 that draws power from the power grid.

[0135] Optionally, after detecting that the electrical component 300 has started, the control unit 210 sends a high-voltage completion status signal to the control module 231 in the energy storage component 230. Upon receiving the high-voltage completion status signal from the control unit 210, the control module 231 shuts off the line between the energy storage module 232 and the power grid, so that the electrical signal of the energy storage module 232 is no longer transmitted to the power grid, thereby stopping the discharge of the energy storage module 232.

[0136] In one example, to enable control module 231 to control the connection and disconnection of the line between energy storage module 232 and the power grid, such as... Figure 4As shown, the energy storage module 230 may further include a switch module 233, which is disposed on the line between the energy storage module 232 and the power grid and is electrically connected to the control module 231. When the control module 231 needs to connect the line between the energy storage module 232 and the power grid, it can control the switch module 233 to close, so that the electrical energy output by the energy storage module 231 can be transmitted to the power grid through the closed switch module 232. When the control module 231 needs to disconnect the line between the energy storage module 232 and the power grid, it can control the switch module 233 to open. Thus, even if the energy storage module 231 continues to output electrical energy, it will be blocked by the open switch module 232 and will no longer be transmitted to the power grid, thereby reducing the power loss of the energy storage module 231.

[0137] Optionally, after receiving the high-voltage completion status signal from the control unit 210, the control module 231 may not immediately shut off the line between the energy storage module 232 and the grid, but instead wait for the energy storage module 232 to complete charging before shutting off the line. Whether the energy storage module 232 is discharging or charging is determined by the relationship between the voltage of the energy storage module 232 and the grid voltage.

[0138] For example, when the energy storage module 232 is fully charged or nearly fully charged, its voltage is higher than the grid voltage. In this case, the connection between the energy storage module 232 and the grid is established, and the energy storage module 232 automatically discharges into the grid. Later, when the energy storage module 232 discharges to a voltage lower than the grid voltage, if the connection between the energy storage module 232 and the grid remains established, the energy storage module 232 automatically draws power from the grid. At this time, the grid's electrical energy is transferred to the energy storage module 232 through the established connection to the grid, thus recharging it.

[0139] In one example, during the charging process of energy storage module 232, control module 231 can also acquire the power status of energy storage module 232, such as acquiring the voltage of energy storage module 232 in real time, and determining whether energy storage module 232 is fully charged based on the voltage. If it is not fully charged, for example, if the voltage is less than a set voltage threshold, the line between energy storage module 232 and the grid can be kept connected to continue charging. If it is fully charged, for example, if the voltage is no longer less than the set voltage threshold, the line between energy storage module 232 and the grid can be disconnected, for example, by controlling switch module 233 to disconnect the line between energy storage module 232 and the grid to end charging. In this way, by acquiring voltage in real time to detect power level, it can be ensured that energy storage module 232 is always fully charged to provide power support for subsequent use.

[0140] In some scenarios, to more accurately realize the charging and discharging states of the energy storage module 231, different power supply modes can be configured for the energy storage module 231, including charging mode and discharging mode. After receiving the control signal from the control unit 210, the control module 231 can not only control the switch module 233 to conduct the line between the energy storage module 232 and the power grid, but also control the energy storage module 232 to switch to discharging mode. In discharging mode, the energy storage module 232 outputs electrical energy, which is transmitted to the power grid through the conductive line between the energy storage module 232 and the power grid, providing power to the power-consuming component 300 that draws power from the power grid. After confirming that the power-consuming component 300 has successfully started, the control module 231 controls the energy storage module 232 to switch to charging mode. In charging mode, the energy storage module 232 draws power from the power grid to charge itself.

[0141] Optionally, to achieve different modes of the energy storage module 232 described above, such as Figure 5 As shown, the energy storage module 230 may also include a state management module 234. Here, the state management module 234 can be understood as a module that can manage the various modes and states of the energy storage module 232, including but not limited to: charging mode, discharging mode, and power status.

[0142] like Figure 5 As shown, the state management module 234 is connected to both the control module 231 and the energy storage module 232. When the control module 231 needs to switch the energy storage module 232 to discharge mode, it can send a discharge control command to the state management module 234. The state management module 234 then controls the energy storage module 231 to discharge to the grid according to the discharge control command sent by the control module 231. Similarly, when the control module 231 needs to switch the energy storage module 232 to charging mode, it can send a charging control command to the state management module 234. The state management module 234 then controls the energy storage module 231 to draw power from the grid according to the charging control command sent by the control module 231.

[0143] In one example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the status management module 234 is responsible for monitoring the power status of the energy storage module 231. For example, after the control module 231 controls the switch module 233 to turn on, that is, to connect the energy storage module 232 to the power grid, the status management module 234 can also monitor the power status, such as voltage, of the energy storage module 232 in real time or periodically and send it to the control module 231. Based on the power status, such as voltage, sent by the status management module 234, if the control module 231 determines that the energy storage module 232 has completed charging, it controls the switch module 233 to turn off, thereby disconnecting the connection between the energy storage module 232 and the power grid.

[0144] Alternatively, in other examples, the state management module 234 can determine whether the energy storage module is fully charged based on its real-time voltage monitoring. If fully charged, it sends a signal to the control module 231 to end charging, instructing the control module 231 to disconnect the switch module 233. In this way, the control module 231 only needs to receive the signal from the state management module 234 to perform the shutdown action, without needing to perform other analysis operations, thus reducing the workload of the control module 231.

[0145] In some scenarios, the state management module 234 can also manage other information, such as ambient temperature information. An ambient temperature detection module can be installed inside or near the state management module 234. The state management module 234 periodically detects the current ambient temperature and sends it to the control module 231. After receiving the control signal from the control unit 210, the control module 231 first determines whether the ambient temperature is lower than a set temperature threshold. If it is lower than the set temperature threshold, it controls the switch module 233 to connect the energy storage module 232 to the power grid to provide discharge assistance in low-temperature cold start scenarios. If the temperature is not lower than the set temperature threshold, it means that it is not a low-temperature cold start scenario, and the energy storage module 232 is not required to assist in discharging. Therefore, the control module 231 does not need to control the switch module 233 to connect the energy storage module 232 to the power grid.

[0146] There are several ways to implement the monitoring of ambient temperature by the aforementioned control unit 210: In the first implementation method, after receiving the high voltage request, the control unit 210 directly sends a control signal to the control module 231 in the energy storage component 230. After receiving the control signal, the control module 231 first determines whether the current ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold. If it is lower, the control switch module 233 conducts the line between the energy storage module 232 and the grid to enable the energy storage module 232 to discharge to the grid in the low temperature cold start scenario. If it is not lower, there is no need to control the switch module 233 to conduct the line between the energy storage module 232 and the grid, so that the energy storage module 232 is not called to discharge in the non-low temperature cold start scenario, thus maintaining the high power of the energy storage module 232. In the second implementation method, after receiving a high-voltage request, the control unit 210 first determines whether the current ambient temperature is lower than a set temperature threshold. If it is, it sends a control signal to the control module 231 in the energy storage component 230. Upon receiving the control signal, the control module 231 directly controls the switch module 233 to connect the energy storage module 232 to the grid, thereby enabling the energy storage module 232 to discharge to the grid in a low-temperature cold start scenario. If the control unit 210 determines that the current ambient temperature is not lower than the set temperature threshold, it does not need to send a control signal to the control module 231 in the energy storage component 230. Thus, the switch module 233 remains disconnected from the grid, so that the energy storage module 232 is not invoked to discharge in non-low-temperature cold start scenarios, maintaining the high charge of the energy storage module 232. In the third implementation method, after receiving the high-voltage request, the control unit 210 first determines whether the current ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold. If it is not lower, there is no need to send a control signal to the control module 231 in the energy storage component 230; if it is lower, it sends a control signal to the control module 231 in the energy storage component 230. After receiving the control signal, the control module 231 again determines whether the current ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold. If it is not lower, there is no need to control the switch module 233 to connect the line between the energy storage module 232 and the grid; if it is lower, it controls the switch module 233 to connect the line between the energy storage module 232 and the grid. This secondary verification ensures that the energy storage module 232 discharges to the grid only when the actual low-temperature cold start scenario is encountered, reducing the probability of misjudgment caused by the control unit 210 misjudging the low-temperature cold start scenario or changes in ambient temperature.

[0147] In some examples, the state management module 234 may not report the ambient temperature to the control module 231 in real time, but instead store the collected ambient temperature locally. After receiving a control signal from the control unit 210, the control module 231 sends a scene recognition request to the state management module 234. Based on the scene recognition request, the state management module 234 determines whether the latest locally stored ambient temperature is lower than a set temperature threshold to distinguish between low-temperature cold start scenarios and non-low-temperature cold start scenarios. If it is a cold start scenario, it sends a discharge indication message to the control module 231; otherwise, it sends a no-discharge indication message. If the control module 231 receives a discharge indication message, it controls the switch module 233 to connect the energy storage module 232 to the grid. If it receives a no-discharge indication message, it does not need to control the switch module 233 to connect the energy storage module 232 to the grid. This implementation effectively places the operation of determining the low-temperature cold start scenario on the state management module side, reducing the workload of the control module.

[0148] The switch module 234 has several possible implementation schemes, including but not limited to: Option 1: The charging line and discharging line of the energy storage module 232 are the same line. In this case, the switch module 233 can contain only one switch. When the switch is off, the energy storage module 232 can neither charge nor discharge. When the switch is on, the energy storage module 232 can only perform one of the operations of charging and discharging at the same time.

[0149] Option 2: The charging and discharging lines of the energy storage module 232 can be different lines, essentially forming independent circuits. In this case, the switching module 233 can contain two switches: one on the charging line and one on the discharging line. When charging is needed, the switch on the charging line is turned on, thus connecting the energy storage module 232 to the grid. When discharging is needed, the switch on the discharging line is turned on, thus connecting the energy storage module 232 to the grid.

[0150] Optionally, in Scheme 2, different modes of the energy storage module 232 can also be configured. When in charging mode, the energy storage module 232 charges through the charging line; when in discharging mode, the energy storage module 232 discharges through the discharging line. The energy storage module 232 can also be in both charging and discharging modes simultaneously, thus enabling it to charge and discharge at the same time to support complex charging and discharging needs.

[0151] In the above description, the control module 231 can be any type of control device with processing and communication capabilities, including but not limited to: microcontroller unit (MCU), electronic control unit (ECU), system on chip (SOC), etc.

[0152] In the above description, the energy storage module 232 can be any type of energy storage device capable of storing and releasing electrical energy, including but not limited to: capacitors, inductors, and batteries.

[0153] In the above description, the switch module 233 can be any type of device with switching function, including but not limited to: on / off switch, relay switch, metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) transistor, etc.

[0154] In the above description, the state management module 234 can be any type of device that can manage the energy storage management state, such as voltage. Optionally, it can also detect the ambient temperature. For example, it can be a combination circuit of the energy storage management circuit and the ambient temperature detection module.

[0155] The power supply circuit 200 described above can be applied to scenarios with high requirements for component startup voltage, including but not limited to: vehicle startup scenarios, robot startup scenarios, smart terminal startup scenarios, medical equipment startup scenarios, etc.

[0156] For example, taking a vehicle starting scenario, the application of the above power supply circuit will be introduced below through a specific embodiment.

[0157] In this application scenario, the overall circuit structure of the power supply circuit can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 6 ,correspond Figure 5 The circuit architecture shown.

[0158] Combination Figure 5 and Figure 6 Let's take a look, in Figure 6 In this example, we assume that control unit 210 is a vehicle dynamics control (VDC), the low-voltage power supply is a 12V battery, and energy storage component 230 is a crash power module (CPM). Furthermore, within energy storage component 230, control module 231 is a microelectronic control unit (MCU), energy storage module 232 is a supercapacitor module, switching module 233 is a MOSFET, and state management module 234 is a capacitor management circuit and an ambient temperature detection module.

[0159] In addition, the overall circuit structure also involves other components, such as Figure 6 The components shown include a battery management system (BMS), a direct current / direct current (DC / DC) converter, a thermal dynamics unit (TDU), and a motor control unit (MCU).

[0160] like Figure 6 As shown, all components can be divided into two parts: the CPM, which includes the microelectronic control unit (MCU), supercapacitor module, MOS, capacitor management circuit, and ambient temperature detection module; and the power supply and load system during power-on, including VDC, BMS, 12V battery, DC / DC converter, TDU, and motor control unit (MCU).

[0161] based on Figure 6 Please refer to the circuit structure shown. Figure 7 This diagram illustrates the overall flowchart of a control method provided in this application. Figure 7 As shown, the method mainly includes the following steps: Step 701: Request high voltage (such as braking hard wire wake-up, opening door, etc.).

[0162] Optionally, for new energy vehicles, the vehicle start-up process generally includes two stages, referred to as the low-voltage stage and the high-voltage stage.

[0163] During the low-voltage phase, when the user approaches the vehicle with the car key, the vehicle communication module senses that the distance between the car key and the vehicle is close to a set distance threshold, controls the door to unlock, and wakes up some critical low-voltage controllers in the vehicle to achieve seamless low-voltage connection.

[0164] Among them, some of the more critical low-voltage controllers in the vehicle mainly include the vehicle control unit (VCU), VDC, or other control units. After the VCU (or VDC) is awakened, it connects the 12V battery power supply circuit, so that the low-voltage power provided by the 12V battery supplies low-voltage electrical equipment such as the instrument panel, central control, windows, and lights, while preparing for the subsequent awakening of the high-voltage system.

[0165] For example, the VCU (or VDC) can control the low-voltage relay box to supply power to various electronic control units in the vehicle, including core modules such as BMS and motor controller MCU. After receiving power, these ECUs perform self-tests to check whether their internal status and communication connections are normal.

[0166] After the low-voltage system is successfully powered on and completes its self-test, the vehicle is in a low-voltage ready state, waiting for the high-voltage power-on command.

[0167] During the high-voltage application phase, the user triggers a high-voltage application request, also known as a high-voltage application start request signal, by opening the vehicle door, stepping on the brake, or pressing the start button. Based on the high-voltage application request, the VCU (or VDC) initiates the high-voltage power-on process for each high-voltage component.

[0168] Step 702: The VDC receives a request for high voltage and wakes up the corresponding network segment to perform a self-test.

[0169] Optionally, after receiving the high-voltage start-up request signal, the VDC wakes up all internal components and sends a high-voltage power-on command to the BMS. The BMS first performs a self-check on the voltage, temperature, and high-voltage system of the power battery pack, while also checking the high-voltage interlock and insulation status. If the self-check is normal, the BMS controls the high-voltage relay to close. For example, the BMS first controls the main negative relay and the pre-charge relay to close, allowing the high-voltage current to slowly flow into the high-voltage bus to balance the voltage across the bus capacitor and prevent large current surges from damaging components. When the bus voltage reaches a preset value, such as 80% of the total voltage of the power battery, the BMS determines that the pre-charge is complete, then disconnects the pre-charge relay and closes the main positive relay, thus completing the high-voltage connection. After the high-voltage connection is completed, the high-voltage power of the power battery pack is officially connected to the high-voltage components such as the drive motor, motor controller MCU, TDU, and air conditioning compressor to wake up the various high-voltage components in the vehicle.

[0170] In some examples, after the high-voltage system completes its self-test, the vehicle's dashboard displays "READY" or a similar indication, signifying that the vehicle has entered a high-voltage ready state and can be driven normally. Simultaneously, the DC / DC converter continuously converts the high-voltage electricity from the battery pack into 12V low-voltage electricity to maintain power supply to the low-voltage system.

[0171] Step 703: VDC sends a high voltage request to CPM.

[0172] Here, for the aforementioned high-voltage components, such as DC / DC converters, TDUs, and motor controller MCUs, a period of low-voltage power is required before they can be started. This low-voltage power is provided by a 12V battery; for example, the 12V battery supplies 12V low-voltage power to the power grid, from which the various high-voltage devices draw power.

[0173] As described in the background section, in low-temperature cold start scenarios, the starting of high-voltage components requires a high terminal voltage from the 12V battery, and a single small-capacity 12V battery may not be able to meet the required terminal voltage. To address this, and to reduce the terminal voltage requirement of the 12V battery for high-voltage component startup, the VDC can utilize other energy storage components already present in the vehicle, such as... Figure 6 The CPM shown is used to assist the 12V battery in powering the high-voltage components to meet the high current requirements of the high-voltage components during startup.

[0174] The CPM (Car Door Controller) is a module built into the vehicle, used for door unlocking redundancy in collision scenarios. It contains a large capacitor, also known as a supercapacitor module. When the vehicle is powered on (including while driving), the CPM continuously monitors the voltage and charges accordingly. For example, it determines its own full charge by constantly monitoring its voltage. If not, it draws power from the grid to charge the supercapacitor module. Therefore, the CPM is fully charged most of the time. When a collision occurs, the CPM receives a collision signal and instructs the internal supercapacitor module to discharge to the grid. The door controller can then draw power from the grid to ensure the doors can unlock, providing an escape route.

[0175] Optionally, since the supercapacitor module in the CPM has stored electricity during the low-voltage phase, the electricity stored in the supercapacitor module in the CPM can be used to assist the 12V battery in powering the high-voltage components during the high-voltage phase.

[0176] Based on this, at the moment of applying high voltage, the VDC can send a high voltage flag to the CPM to instruct the CPM to discharge. For example, the VDC can send a high voltage power-on request to the microelectronic control unit (MCU) in the CPM. This high voltage power-on request includes the high voltage flag, and the transmission method can be via hardwire or via communication lines such as the CAN bus.

[0177] Optionally, if the VDC and the microcontroller unit (MCU) in the CPM are connected via a hardwire, the VDC can directly send the high-voltage flag to the MCU in the CPM through this hardwire. Alternatively, if the VDC and the MCU in the CPM are connected via a communication line such as a CAN bus, the VDC can send a CAN message to the MCU in the CPM. This CAN message contains the high-voltage flag, as well as other information such as the destination port, Internet Protocol (IP) address, and message type.

[0178] Step 704: CPM performs / holds closed MOS operation and discharges.

[0179] In one example, the CPM can be used to assist the 12V battery in powering the high-voltage components during startup in any vehicle startup scenario.

[0180] In this scenario, after receiving the high-voltage power-on request from VDC, the MCU in the CPM parses the high-voltage flag and then closes the MOS. Since the supercapacitor module is currently fully charged, its voltage is higher than the grid voltage. Therefore, the supercapacitor module discharges to the grid, and the released energy is transferred to the grid through the closed MOS. Thus, when the high-voltage component draws power from the grid, it can simultaneously obtain energy from the 12V battery and the energy released by the supercapacitor module in the CPM. The energy released by the supercapacitor module in the CPM can assist the 12V battery in providing the discharge current required for the high-voltage component to start, ensuring a smooth startup.

[0181] In another example, the CPM can be used to assist the 12V battery in powering the high-voltage components only in low-temperature cold start scenarios.

[0182] In this scenario, upon receiving a high-voltage power-on request from the VDC, the MCU in the CPM parses the high-voltage flag. Instead of immediately closing the MOS transistor, it obtains the current ambient temperature from the ambient temperature detection module and compares it to the set temperature threshold for cold start. If the current ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold, it indicates a cold start scenario, and the CPM auxiliary power supply can be invoked. Therefore, the MCU in the CPM can close the MOS transistor to allow the supercapacitor module to discharge to the grid. Conversely, if the current ambient temperature is higher than or equal to the set temperature threshold, it indicates a non-cold start scenario, and the CPM auxiliary power supply is not required. Therefore, the MCU in the CPM can ignore the request and not process the internal components.

[0183] Optionally, when using CPM for auxiliary power supply, the discharge capacity of CPM depends on the impedance and inductive reactance of the connection circuit between CPM and the power grid, including the impedance and inductive reactance of each component inside CPM and the low-voltage line between each component and the power grid.

[0184] For example, assuming the impedance of the entire circuit is 200mΩ, when the supercapacitor module discharges from 13.5V to 9V, the discharge voltage is 13.5V - 9V = 4.5V, the discharge current is 4.5 / 0.2 = 22.5A, and the discharge time is 1s. In this scenario, during a low-temperature cold start, a discharge current of 81A is required for 1s. Since the supercapacitor module provides a discharge current of 22.5A, only the 12V battery needs to provide a discharge current of 58.5A, reducing the current demand on the 12V battery and consequently reducing the capacity demand on the 12V battery.

[0185] It should be noted that, according to the characteristics of capacitors, although the discharge time of the supercapacitor module is very short, about 1 second, as mentioned above, the maximum duration of the high current requirement during low-temperature cold start is 1 second, and in most cases less than 1 second. Therefore, the 1-second discharge time of the supercapacitor module is sufficient to assist the low-voltage battery in providing the time to meet the high current requirement for low-temperature cold start, which can ensure the start-up of the components.

[0186] Step 705: VDC sends a status indicating whether the high voltage connection is complete. If not, proceed to step 704; if yes, proceed to step 706.

[0187] Here, during the high-voltage phase, each high-voltage component can send a high-voltage status signal to the VDC in real time or periodically. Based on these signals, the VDC determines whether the high-voltage phase for each component is complete. If complete, it sends a high-voltage completion status signal to the CPM to instruct the CPM to stop discharging. If not complete, it does not need to send a high-voltage completion status signal to the CPM, allowing the CPM to continue discharging.

[0188] In one example, if the discharge is not completed, the VDC can also send a high voltage incomplete status to the CPM to instruct the CPM to continue discharging.

[0189] For example, the VDC can periodically send a high-voltage completion status message ("high-voltage incomplete") or a high-voltage completion status message to the MCU in the CPM. The "high-voltage incomplete" message includes a flag indicating that the high-voltage upgrade is not complete, while the "high-voltage completion" message includes a flag indicating that the high-voltage upgrade is complete. These two flags can, for example, be opposite, one being "0" and the other "1". The transmission method can be via hardwired connection or via a communication line such as a CAN bus. If transmitted via hardwired connection, the VDC can directly send the high-voltage completion or incomplete flag to the MCU in the CPM. If transmitted via a communication line such as a CAN bus, the VDC can send a CAN message to the MCU in the CPM. This CAN message contains the high-voltage completion or incomplete flag, as well as other information such as the destination port, IP address, and message type.

[0190] In this scenario, if the microcontroller unit (MCU) in the CPM receives a "high voltage incomplete" status message from the VDC, or if parsing the CAN message reveals a "high voltage incomplete" status, the MCU can continue to maintain the closed MOS operation. For example, the MCU can continue to control the MOS to remain closed. Alternatively, the MCU may not need to process the MOS and capacitor management circuitry, allowing them to maintain their previous operation by default, i.e., the MOS is closed.

[0191] Understandably, to save communication overhead, VDC may not send messages to the microcontroller unit (MCU) in CPM before the high-voltage components have completed high-voltage operation. Instead, it sends a high-voltage completion status message to the MCU in CPM only after confirming that the high-voltage components have completed high-voltage operation. This high-voltage completion status message includes a flag indicating that high-voltage operation is complete. Correspondingly, the MCU in CPM will continue to keep the MOS closed as long as it does not receive the high-voltage completion status message from VDC.

[0192] Step 706, CPM performs charging.

[0193] Here, when the microelectronic control unit (MCU) in the CPM receives the high-voltage completion status from the VDC, or obtains the high-voltage completion status by parsing a CAN message, the MCU can continue to maintain the closed MOS operation. For example, the MCU can continue to control the MOS to remain closed. Alternatively, the MCU does not need to process the MOS, allowing it to remain closed by default.

[0194] For example, the supercapacitor module discharges for about 1 second. After the discharge is complete, the voltage of the supercapacitor module will become lower than the grid voltage. At this time, since the MOS is still closed, the electrical energy in the grid can automatically enter the supercapacitor module through the closed MOS to charge the supercapacitor module.

[0195] In this way, in the event of a subsequent vehicle collision, the supercapacitor module in the CPM will have enough power to perform the collision unlocking redundancy function, ensuring that the operation of starting power supply for the auxiliary high-voltage components will not affect the original collision unlocking redundancy function of the CPM.

[0196] Step 707: Is CPM charging complete? If not, proceed to step 708; if yes, proceed to step 709.

[0197] Here, during the charging process of the supercapacitor module, the microelectronic control unit (MCU) in the CPM can obtain the power status of the supercapacitor module from the capacitor management circuit in real time or periodically. This power status can be measured, for example, using the voltage of the supercapacitor module. Based on the voltage of the supercapacitor module, the MCU determines whether the supercapacitor module is fully charged, for example, whether the voltage has reached a set voltage threshold. If the set voltage threshold has not been reached, it means the supercapacitor module is not yet fully charged, and step 708 is executed. If the set voltage threshold has been reached, it means the supercapacitor module is fully charged, and step 709 is executed.

[0198] Step 708, CPM continues charging, proceed to step 707.

[0199] Here, even before the supercapacitor module has fully charged, the microelectronic control unit (MCU) in the CPM can control the supercapacitor module to continue charging. For example, it can control the MOSFET in the CPM to remain closed, allowing electrical energy from the grid to continue flowing into the supercapacitor module through the closed MOSFET, thereby continuing to charge the supercapacitor module.

[0200] Step 709: Disconnect the MOS in the CPM.

[0201] Here, once the supercapacitor module has completed charging, the microelectronic control unit (MCU) in the CPM can stop the supercapacitor module from charging. For example, it can control the MOS in the CPM to disconnect, thus preventing electrical energy from the grid from entering the supercapacitor module, and also preventing the supercapacitor module's energy from being transferred to the grid, eliminating energy waste.

[0202] use Figure 6 and Figure 7 The circuit and process shown are equivalent to providing an auxiliary power supply solution for vehicle startup scenarios. In this solution, when a high-voltage request is issued during vehicle startup, the CPM receives the control command from the VDC via a hardwired or communication line such as a CAN network and discharges. This utilizes the existing CPM on the vehicle to assist the low-voltage power supply in providing the discharge current required for vehicle startup, reducing the discharge current demand of the low-voltage power supply, thereby reducing the capacity requirement of the low-voltage power supply. This makes a single low-voltage power supply solution feasible, achieving weight reduction and cost reduction.

[0203] It should be noted that the above content only introduces the solution using CPM as an example of energy storage component 230. However, in the vehicle start-up scenario, energy storage component 230 can also be other types of components with energy storage elements such as capacitors or inductors inside the vehicle, such as air bag module (ABM), or other energy storage components, without specific restrictions.

[0204] It should also be noted that the above content is only an example of a vehicle usage scenario to introduce the specific implementation scheme of the power supply circuit.

[0205] However, it should be understood that this application does not limit the application scenarios to which the power supply circuit is applicable, nor does it limit the use of every condition, every implementation logic, and every step in the above implementation process. Any scheme that can assist the high-voltage components of the equipment in starting up by combining with other existing energy storage elements in the equipment, including other modifications and technical means of this application, are within the protection scope of this application and are not specifically limited.

[0206] Furthermore, as system architectures evolve and new scenarios emerge, the power supply circuit provided in this application is also applicable to similar technical problems, and this application does not impose any specific limitations on it.

[0207] Based on the power supply circuit described above, this application can also provide a control method, such as... Figure 8 As shown. This control method can be executed by a control device, which can be understood as the control unit and control module mentioned above, for example... Figures 2 to 5 The control unit 210 and control module 231, or Figure 6 The VDC and microelectronic control unit (MCU) in the system.

[0208] For ease of understanding, the electrical energy of the low-voltage power supply 220 will be referred to as the first electrical energy, and the electrical energy of the energy storage component 230 will be referred to as the second electrical energy.

[0209] Please see Figure 9 , showing Figure 8 The diagram illustrates a possible interaction flowchart for the control method shown. Combined with... Figure 8 and Figure 9 Let's take a look. This control method mainly includes the following steps: Step 801: Receive high voltage request.

[0210] For example, the control device receives a request to apply high voltage, such as Figure 6 The high-voltage start-up request signal shown is shown.

[0211] Step 802: Control the energy storage component and the low-voltage power supply to drive the electrical components to start.

[0212] For example, such as Figure 9 As shown, after the control device receives a request for high voltage, it can control the energy storage component to work together with the low-voltage power supply to start the electrical components through the following steps 8021 to 8024: Step 8021: The control device sends a control signal to the energy storage module.

[0213] For example, the control device sends a high-voltage flag to the energy storage module to indicate that the energy storage module is discharging.

[0214] Step 8022: The energy storage component provides a second electrical energy to the electrical component according to the control signal.

[0215] Here, the energy storage module receives a high-voltage flag from the control device and outputs electrical energy to the grid. Thus, when electrical components draw power from the grid, they can obtain the electrical energy output from the energy storage module.

[0216] Optionally, before sending a control signal to the energy storage module, the control device can first determine whether the ambient temperature is lower than a set temperature threshold used to indicate a low-temperature cold start. If it is lower than the set temperature threshold, a control signal is sent to the energy storage module; otherwise, a control signal is sent. This means that the energy storage module is only controlled to discharge in necessary situations such as low-temperature cold start scenarios, and there is no need to control its discharge in non-low-temperature cold start scenarios, thus saving power resources as much as possible in unnecessary situations.

[0217] In one example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the energy storage component includes an energy storage module, and both the energy storage module and the electrical components are connected to the power grid. The control device sends control signals to the energy storage component, specifically controlling the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid. In this way, the electricity released by the energy storage module can be transmitted to the power grid through the connected line to supply the electrical components that draw power from the grid.

[0218] Step 8023: The low-voltage power supply provides the first electrical energy to the electrical component.

[0219] Here, the low-voltage power source outputs electrical energy to the power grid. In this way, when electrical components draw power from the power grid, they can obtain the electrical energy output from the low-voltage power source to the power grid.

[0220] Step 8024: The electrical components are activated under the combined action of the first and second electrical energies.

[0221] Here, since both the low-voltage power supply and the energy storage components output electrical energy to the grid, the electrical components can draw two portions of electrical energy from the grid, which are sufficient to drive the electrical components to start.

[0222] It should be noted that this application does not impose specific restrictions on the execution order of steps 801 to 8024 above.

[0223] Generally, during vehicle startup, the low-voltage power supply begins discharging to the grid during the low-voltage phase. Therefore, during the high-voltage phase, the low-voltage power supply has already started discharging, meaning step 8023 is executed before step 801. In this case, after receiving the high-voltage request, the control device can control the energy storage components to discharge only, without needing to repeatedly control the low-voltage power supply to discharge.

[0224] In one example, after sending a control signal to the energy storage component, the control device can also acquire the startup status of the electrical component. Based on this startup status, if it is determined that the electrical component has completed startup, the control device stops discharging to the electrical component. For example, combined with... Figure 3 Together, we can see that the line between the energy storage module and the power grid can be disconnected so that the power of the energy storage module is no longer transmitted to the power grid.

[0225] Alternatively, the control device can determine the completion of the start-up of an electrical component in many ways, including but not limited to: Example 1: After the electrical component starts up, it can send a high-voltage completion status signal to the control device. Upon receiving this signal, the control device confirms that the component has finished starting. Using this example, the electrical component effectively notifies the control device of its high-voltage completion status in real time, minimizing communication overhead by indicating information with minimal interaction. Example 2: After sending a control signal to the energy storage module, the control device periodically acquires the high-voltage status of the electrical components. For example, it periodically sends status acquisition signals to the electrical components and receives the high-voltage status returned by the components; alternatively, it is pre-configured for the electrical components to periodically send high-voltage status information to the control device. Each time the control device acquires a high-voltage status, it can determine whether the electrical component has completed high-voltage connection. If so, it confirms that the electrical component has started up; otherwise, it waits for the next high-voltage status. Using this example, the status of the electrical components can be periodically queried, allowing for timely and rapid detection of the start-up completion time.

[0226] In one example, combining Figure 3 Let's take a look. After determining that the electrical component has started up, the control device can choose not to disconnect the energy storage module from the grid immediately. Instead, it can wait until the energy storage module has finished charging before disconnecting the grid. For example, the control device can acquire the energy storage module's charge status, such as voltage, in real time or periodically. Based on this status, it can determine when the energy storage module is fully charged before disconnecting it from the grid. This ensures that the energy storage module always stores sufficient charge, reducing the impact on the original function of the energy storage components.

[0227] In one example, to achieve on / off control of the line between the energy storage module and the power grid, such as... Figure 4 As shown, the energy storage component includes not only energy storage modules but also a switching module, which is installed on the line between the energy storage modules and the power grid. The control device can close the switching module when it needs to maintain the continuity of the line between the energy storage modules and the power grid, and open the switching module when it needs to disconnect the line.

[0228] To further illustrate the interaction flow between the various devices, Figure 3 Taking the circuit architecture shown as an example, assuming the control device includes a control unit and a control module in the energy storage component, then, Figure 9 The interactive flow shown can be transformed into Figure 10 As shown, the interaction process includes the following steps: Step 1001: The low-voltage power supply provides the first electrical energy to the electrical components.

[0229] Here, in the low-voltage stage, the low-voltage power supply begins to discharge to the grid, enabling the electrical components to obtain the first electrical energy provided by the low-voltage power supply from the grid.

[0230] Step 1002: The control unit receives a request to apply high voltage.

[0231] Step 1003: The control unit sends a high-voltage request to the control module.

[0232] Here, after receiving the high-voltage request, the control unit sends the high-voltage request to the control module in the energy storage component. For example, it can be a high-voltage flag to trigger the control module to start the discharge drive process of the energy storage module.

[0233] Step 1004: The control module sends a control signal to the energy storage module according to the high voltage request.

[0234] For example, the control module in the energy storage module receives a high-voltage request from the control unit and instructs the energy storage module to discharge to the grid via a control signal. For instance, the control module controls the switching module in the energy storage module to close, thereby establishing a connection between the energy storage module and the grid.

[0235] Step 1005: The energy storage module provides a second electrical energy to the electrical components according to the control signal.

[0236] Here, the voltage of the energy storage module is higher than the grid voltage. Therefore, the energy storage module automatically discharges to the grid, and the discharged electrical energy is transmitted to the grid through the closed switch module, so that the electrical components can obtain the second electrical energy provided by the energy storage module from the grid.

[0237] Step 1006: The electrical components are activated under the combined action of the first and second electrical energies.

[0238] Here, the electrical components receive power from both the energy storage module and the low-voltage power supply, which is sufficient for the components to start smoothly even in low-temperature cold start scenarios.

[0239] Based on the above control methods, energy storage components can be called in software to assist low-voltage power supply in joint power supply. Compared with hardware implementation, the structure is simpler, the cost is relatively lower, and the implementation process is more flexible.

[0240] Based on the control method described above, this application can also provide a control device that can be used to execute the above control method. The relevant features can be found in the above method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0241] In one possible implementation, please refer to Figure 11This diagram illustrates a possible structure of the control device. The control device 1100 may include various units or modules for implementing the control method shown in any of the above embodiments, for example, implementing... Figures 7-10 Each unit or module of the control method shown in any of the accompanying figures.

[0242] For example, such as Figure 11 As shown, the control device 1100 includes a transceiver unit 1110 and a drive control unit 1120. The transceiver unit 1110 and the drive control unit 1120 can be used to implement... Figures 7-10 The control method in the illustrated embodiment. For example, to achieve... Figure 8 Taking the control method shown as an example, the transceiver unit 1010 is used to receive high voltage requests; the drive control unit 1120 is used to control the energy storage component and the low voltage power supply to drive the electrical components to start.

[0243] It should be noted that the transceiver unit 1110 and the drive control unit 1120 can be implemented using virtual modules. For example, the transceiver unit 1110 can be implemented using a software functional unit or a virtual device, and the drive control unit 1120 can be implemented using a software function or a virtual device. Alternatively, the transceiver unit 1110 and the drive control unit 1120 can also be implemented using physical devices. For example, if the control device 1100 is implemented using a chip / chip circuit, the transceiver unit 1110 and the drive control unit 1120 can be integrated processors, microprocessors, or integrated circuits.

[0244] The unit division in this application embodiment is illustrative and only represents one logical functional division. In actual implementation, other division methods may be used. Furthermore, the functional units in each embodiment of this application can be integrated into a single processor, exist as separate physical units, or two or more units can be integrated into a single module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module.

[0245] In another possible implementation, please refer to Figure 12 The diagram illustrates another possible structural schematic of the control device. The control device 1100 may, exemplarily, be a chip or a chip system for implementing the functions of the control device or its modules (such as processors, chips, or chip systems) described in the foregoing embodiments. Optionally, the chip system may consist of chips or include chips and other discrete components.

[0246] like Figure 12As shown, the control device 1100 may include at least one processor 1210, which is coupled to a memory. Optionally, the memory may be located within the control device 1100, integrated with the processor, or located outside the control device 1100. For example, the control device 1100 may also include at least one memory 1220. The at least one memory 1220 stores the necessary computer programs (or instructions) and / or data for implementing any of the above embodiments; the at least one processor 1210 may execute the computer programs (or instructions) and / or data stored in the at least one memory 1220 to complete the seat control method in any of the above embodiments.

[0247] Optionally, the control device 1100 may further include a communication interface 1230, through which the control device 310 interacts with other devices. For example, the communication interface 1230 may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface. When the control device 1100 is a chip-based device or circuit, the communication interface 1230 in the control device 310 may also be an input / output circuit, capable of inputting information (or receiving information) and outputting information (or sending information). The processor 1210 may be an integrated processor, microprocessor, integrated circuit, or logic circuit, and the processor 1210 may determine the output information based on the input information.

[0248] The coupling in this embodiment is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical, or other forms, used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules. The processor 1210 may operate in conjunction with the memory 1220 and the communication interface 1230. This embodiment does not limit the connection medium between the processor 1210, the memory 1220, and the communication interface 1230.

[0249] Optional, see Figure 12 The processor 1210, memory 1220, and communication interface 1230 are interconnected via a bus. This bus can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be categorized as an address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 11 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0250] In the embodiments of this application, the processor 1210 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field-programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, capable of implementing or executing the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of this application. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of this application can be directly manifested as being executed by a hardware processor, or being executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.

[0251] In this embodiment, the memory 1220 can be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), or it can be volatile memory, such as random-access memory (RAM). The memory 1220 can be any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 1220 in this embodiment can also be a circuit or any other device capable of implementing storage functions for storing program instructions and / or data.

[0252] Based on the power supply circuit, control method, and control device described above, this application can also provide a terminal device, such as... Figure 13 As shown. The terminal device 1300 includes the above power supply circuit, such as... Figures 2 to 6 The power supply circuit 200 shown in any of the attached figures, or including the above control device, such as Figure 11 or Figure 12 The control device 1100 shown in any of the attached figures. Figure 13 The former is used as an example.

[0253] Optionally, such as Figure 13 As shown, in addition to the power supply circuit 200, the terminal device 1300 may also include an electrical component 300. The power supply circuit 200 is connected to the electrical component 300 and is used to provide electrical energy to the electrical component 300 to drive the electrical component 300 to start.

[0254] For example, the terminal device 1300 can be a vehicle, such as a car, truck, motorcycle, bus, recreational vehicle, amusement park vehicle, construction equipment, tram, toy car, golf cart, train, etc., and this application does not impose any particular limitation. In addition, the vehicle can be a new energy vehicle, including electric vehicles, such as two-wheel drive electric vehicles or four-wheel drive electric vehicles, or a fuel vehicle, and this application does not impose any limitation in this regard.

[0255] Optionally, when the terminal device 1300 is a vehicle, the control device 1100 can be a module in the vehicle, such as a VCU, VDC, VIU, area controller, body controller, or other vehicle control unit. Alternatively, it can be a device applied to or used in conjunction with a vehicle or its module, capable of implementing the control methods performed by the vehicle or its module.

[0256] Optionally, when the terminal device 1300 is a vehicle, the terminal device may also include components such as the vehicle body, wheels, and windows.

[0257] Alternatively, the terminal device 1300 can also be other means of transportation, such as trains, high-speed trains, engineering vehicles, etc.

[0258] Alternatively, the terminal device 1300 can also be a non-transportation vehicle with high-voltage starting requirements, such as a robot or a smart wheelchair, without limitation.

[0259] Alternatively, the terminal device 1300 can also be an electronic device connected to the vehicle or non-vehicle to be controlled, for communicating with the vehicle or non-vehicle to assist it in implementing the above-mentioned auxiliary power supply control method. For example, the electronic device can be a user equipment, roadside unit, cloud server, or other vehicle. The electronic device includes units or modules for implementing the above control method, such as... Figure 11 or Figure 12 The control device 1100 shown in any of the attached figures.

[0260] Based on the above, this application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed, cause the method provided in any of the above-described method embodiments to be implemented. The computer-readable storage medium may include various media capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, portable hard drive, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk, or optical disk.

[0261] Based on the above, this application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program (also referred to as code or instructions) that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method provided in any of the above method embodiments.

[0262] Based on the above, this application also provides a chip, which includes at least one processing unit and an interface circuit. The interface circuit is used to provide program instructions or data to the at least one processing unit, and the at least one processing unit is used to execute the program instructions to implement the method provided in any of the above method embodiments.

[0263] The personal information and data processing involved in this application, which are protected by the laws and regulations of the relevant countries and regions, such as collection, storage, use, processing, transmission, provision and disclosure, comply with the relevant laws and regulations of the relevant countries and regions.

[0264] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions of different embodiments of this application are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features of different embodiments can be combined into new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0265] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The terms "optionally" or "exemplary" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or explanations. Any embodiment or scheme described as "optional" or "exemplary" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or schemes. Alternatively, it can be understood that the use of the terms "exemplary" or "optional" is intended to present concepts in a specific manner and does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of this application.

[0266] It is understood that the various numerical designations used in the embodiments of this application are merely for descriptive convenience and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the process numbers does not imply the order of execution; the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic. Terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such as including a series of steps or units. A method, system, product, or device is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0267] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0268] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to this application. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0269] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0270] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, include: A control unit, and a low-voltage power supply and an energy storage component respectively coupled to the control unit; The control unit is used to receive a request for high voltage and send control signals to the energy storage component; The energy storage component is used to drive the electrical components to start up together with the low-voltage power supply according to the control signal.

2. The power supply circuit as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Before sending a control signal to the energy storage component, the control unit is also configured to determine that the current state satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold. The discharge current of the low-voltage power supply is less than the set current threshold. The discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply is less than a set voltage threshold.

3. The power supply circuit as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The energy storage component is also used for: After the electrical component has started up, stop discharging to the electrical component or switch to charging mode.

4. The power supply circuit as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The energy storage component is also used for: The system receives a high-voltage completion status signal from the control unit to determine that the electrical component has started up. The high-voltage completion status signal is a signal sent by the control unit to the energy storage component after detecting that the electrical component has started up.

5. The power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The energy storage component includes a control module and an energy storage module coupled to the control module. Both the energy storage module and the electrical component are connected to the power grid. When the control unit sends a control signal to the energy storage component, it is specifically used to: send the control signal to the control module; The control module is used to: connect the energy storage module to the power grid according to the control signal.

6. The power supply circuit as described in claim 5, characterized in that, Before the control module connects the energy storage module to the power grid, it is also used to: Obtain the ambient temperature; The ambient temperature is determined to be lower than the set temperature threshold.

7. The power supply circuit as described in claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, The energy storage component further includes a status management module, which is connected to both the energy storage module and the control module; after the control module connects the energy storage module to the power grid: The status management module is used to detect the power status of the energy storage module and send it to the control module; The control module is also used to determine, based on the power status, that the energy storage module has finished charging, and then disconnect the line between the energy storage module and the power grid.

8. The power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that, The energy storage component also includes a switch module coupled to the control module, and the switch module is disposed on the line between the energy storage module and the power grid; When the control module connects the energy storage module to the power grid, it is specifically used for: Control the closing of the switch module; When the control module disconnects the line between the energy storage module and the power grid, it is specifically used for: The switch module is controlled to disconnect.

9. The power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, The energy storage module includes, but is not limited to, at least one of the following: capacitor, inductor, and battery.

10. The power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The energy storage component includes a collision power module and / or an airbag controller.

11. The power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The control unit and the energy storage component are connected via a hard wire or a communication line.

12. A control method, characterized in that, include: Receive high voltage request; The control energy storage component, together with the low-voltage power supply, drives the electrical components to start.

13. The method as described in claim 12, characterized in that, Before the control energy storage component, together with the low-voltage power supply, drives the electrical components to start, the method further includes: The current state satisfies at least one of the following conditions: The ambient temperature is lower than the set temperature threshold. The discharge current of the low-voltage power supply is less than the set current threshold. The discharge voltage of the low-voltage power supply is less than a set voltage threshold.

14. The method as described in claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, After the control energy storage component, together with the low-voltage power supply, drives the electrical components to start, the method further includes: Once the power-consuming component has completed its startup, control the energy storage component to stop discharging, or control the energy storage component to switch to charging mode.

15. The method as described in claim 14, characterized in that, The determination that the electrical component has completed startup includes: Upon receiving the high-voltage completion status signal, it is determined that the electrical component has completed its startup. The high-voltage completion status signal is a signal sent by the electrical component after startup is completed.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that, The energy storage component includes an energy storage module, and both the energy storage module and the electrical component are connected to the power grid; The control energy storage component, together with the low-voltage power supply, drives the electrical components to start, including: Control the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid.

17. The method as described in claim 16, characterized in that, After the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid is established, the method further includes: Obtain the power status of the energy storage module; If the energy storage module is determined to be fully charged based on the power status, the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid will be disconnected.

18. The method as described in claim 16 or 17, characterized in that, The energy storage component also includes a switching module, which is disposed on the line between the energy storage module and the power grid. The control of the connection between the energy storage module and the power grid includes: controlling the closing of the switch module; The method of controlling the disconnection of the line between the energy storage module and the power grid includes: controlling the disconnection of the switch module.

19. A control device, characterized in that, Includes units and / or modules for performing the method as described in any one of claims 12 to 18.

20. A control device, characterized in that, include: A processor coupled to a memory for storing computer programs or instructions, the processor for executing the computer programs or instructions to implement the method as described in any one of claims 12 to 18.

21. A vehicle, characterized in that, It includes electrical components and a power supply circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, or it includes a control device as described in claim 19 or 20; The power supply circuit or the control device is used to drive the electrical component to start.

22. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program or instructions, which, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 12 to 18.

23. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes instructions that, when executed, implement the method of any one of claims 12 to 18.

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