A battery recycling multi-precursor precise feeding full-automatic element detection system based on PLC control

Abstract

This invention discloses a fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control, relating to the field of battery recycling technology. The invention includes a reaction vessel assembly, a leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly, a multi-solvent selection and injection assembly, and a PLC controller. The reaction vessel assembly includes a vessel body, with a stirring rod fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the vessel body via a bearing. This invention utilizes a multi-dimensional matrix decoupling operation module integrated within the PLC controller to input the concentration deviation signals of multiple elements such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium detected in real time by an online elemental analyzer into a decoupling matrix constructed based on a precursor crystal growth kinetic model for nonlinear mapping operations. This decoupling results in independent solid precursor feeding control signals and solvent feeding control signals. This structure differs from existing technologies that only perform simple PID regulation on a single element, effectively solving the complex control problem of chain changes in the concentration of other elements caused by the feeding of one element.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of battery recycling technology, and in particular relates to a fully automated element detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control. Background Technology

[0002] In the recycling of retired power batteries, hydrometallurgy is the mainstream technology for extracting valuable metals such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium. The core of this process lies in precisely feeding materials to adjust the concentration of each metal ion in the leachate to within a preset standard curve range, thereby meeting the strict stoichiometric ratio requirements for precursor co-precipitation synthesis.

[0003] Current feeding methods mainly rely on manual sampling, offline testing, and manual calculation and feeding based on the test results. However, this traditional model has many inherent drawbacks: the frequency of manual sampling is low, the test results are severely delayed, and it cannot reflect instantaneous concentration fluctuations in the reactor; the manual calculation of the feeding amount is easily affected by human experience, and the feeding process usually adopts intermittent high-flow-rate feeding, which leads to drastic fluctuations in the element concentration in the reaction system, making it difficult to maintain a steady state, and ultimately affecting the uniformity and tap density of the precursor product.

[0004] In addition, the various solvents involved in the feeding process (such as acids, alkalis, and complexing agents of different concentrations) need to be switched manually, which is not only inefficient but also poses a risk of misoperation, seriously affecting the detection accuracy and production safety. The detection error is usually difficult to control stably within ±0.1%.

[0005] To address these issues, we provide a PLC-controlled, fully automated element detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control. By coordinating the reactor assembly, the leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly, the multi-solvent selection and injection assembly, and the PLC controller, this invention solves the problems in the existing feeding methods, which mainly rely on manual sampling, offline detection, and manual calculation and feeding based on the detection results, resulting in low efficiency and the risk of misoperation, which seriously affects the detection accuracy and production safety.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0008] This invention relates to a fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control. The system includes a reaction vessel assembly, a leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly, a multi-solvent selection and injection assembly, and a PLC controller. The reaction vessel assembly includes a vessel body. A stirring rod is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the vessel body via a bearing. A coupling is fixedly connected to the top of the stirring rod, and the coupling is fixedly connected to the vessel body via bolts. A drive motor is fixedly connected to the top of the coupling. The top of the vessel body is connected to multiple micro-feeding ports for solid precursors arranged in a ring array, and each micro-feeding port for solid precursors is independently connected to an electromagnetic resonant micro-supply assembly. The leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly includes a circulation sampling pipe connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the vessel body, and the other end of the circulation sampling pipe is connected to the reflux port at the top side of the vessel body. An online elemental analyzer, a temperature compensation unit, and a degassing unit are sequentially arranged on the circulation sampling pipe along the liquid flow direction. The multi-solvent selection and injection assembly includes a multi-position valve connected to the top of the other side of the vessel body. The top of the multi-position valve is connected to multiple digital mass flow meters arranged in a ring array. The top of the digital mass flow meters is connected to an external solvent storage tank through an independent pipeline. The signal input terminal of the PLC controller is connected to the signal output terminal of the online elemental analyzer and the signal output terminal of the temperature compensation unit, respectively. The signal output terminal of the PLC controller is connected to the drive terminal of the electromagnetic resonant micro-supply component and the control terminal of the multi-position valve, respectively.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the electromagnetic resonant micro-supply assembly includes an electromagnetic oscillator fixedly connected to the surface of the vessel body, a micro-supply hopper fixedly connected to the top of the electromagnetic oscillator, a micro-supply conveying channel fixedly connected inside the micro-supply hopper, the micro-supply conveying channel having a V-shaped cross-section and having multiple micro-holes extending to the bottom of the micro-supply hopper at its bottom, and the tail end of the micro-supply conveying channel communicating with the micro-feeding port of the solid precursor.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the electromagnetic oscillator operates at a frequency of 50Hz-120Hz and generates an amplitude of 0.1mm-0.5mm to drive solid precursor particles with a particle size range of 50μm-300μm to intermittently jump forward.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the degassing unit includes an ultrasonic degassing tank, a baffle plate is fixedly connected inside the ultrasonic degassing tank, and the ultrasonic degassing tank operates at a frequency of 28kHz-40kHz with a power density of 0.3W / cm³. 2 -0.6W / cm 2 .

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that the temperature compensation unit includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is electrically connected to a PLC controller, and the online elemental analyzer integrates a temperature sensor.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that the PLC controller integrates: The target concentration curve storage module is used to store the target concentration ratio curves of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium elements required for the synthesis of various precursors. The real-time concentration comparison module is used to receive the real-time concentration signals of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium sent by the online elemental analyzer, and calculate the difference between the real-time concentration signal and the target concentration value at the corresponding time in the target concentration curve storage module to generate nickel element feeding deviation signal, cobalt element feeding deviation signal and manganese element feeding deviation signal. The multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module is connected to the real-time concentration comparison module and the target concentration curve storage module, respectively. Based on the pre-stored precursor crystal growth kinetic model, the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module decouples the nickel element feeding deviation signal, cobalt element feeding deviation signal, and manganese element feeding deviation signal into multiple independent precursor solid feeding control signals and multiple independent solvent feeding control signals with nonlinear mapping relationships with each deviation signal through decoupling matrix operation.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the PLC controller includes a solvent screening and metering module, the input of which is connected to the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module to receive the solvent replenishment control signal, and the output of which is connected to the control terminal of the multi-position valve and multiple digital mass flow meters; the solvent screening and metering module internally stores a solvent-element solubility correspondence table, and the solvent screening and metering module selects a target port corresponding to the type of solvent to be replenished from multiple selection ports of the multi-position valve according to the received solvent replenishment control signal, and sends a preset opening-time curve signal to the digital mass flow meter corresponding to the target port to control the injection of a specific type and a specific mass of solvent into the reactor.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the PLC controller is electrically connected to a data accumulation and self-learning server. The data accumulation and self-learning server is used to record in real time the initial deviation signal, decoupling matrix operation process data, final solid and solvent replenishment amount data, and steady-state concentration data reached after replenishment in each complete replenishment cycle. Based on the data of multiple cycles recorded, the decoupling matrix parameters in the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module are iteratively optimized.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the included angle of the V-shaped cross-section of the micro-transport channel is 60°-90°, and the pore diameter of the multiple micropores is 20μm-80μm.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that the online elemental analyzer is an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, which has a single detection cycle of less than 30 seconds for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium, and the detection accuracy error relative to the standard curve is less than ±0.05%.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects.

[0019] 1. This invention utilizes a multi-dimensional matrix decoupling operation module integrated within a PLC controller. This module inputs the concentration deviation signals of multiple elements such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium, detected in real-time by an online elemental analyzer, into a decoupling matrix constructed based on a precursor crystal growth kinetic model. This matrix performs nonlinear mapping operations, decoupling the signals into independent solid precursor feeding control signals and solvent feeding control signals. This structure differs from existing technologies that only perform simple PID regulation on a single element, effectively solving the complex control problem of chain reactions in other element concentrations caused by feeding one element. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the micro-transmission channel in the electromagnetic resonant micro-supply component, it achieves single-layer arrangement and step-by-step conveying of solid precursor particles with diameters ranging from 50μm to 300μm. This improves the resolution of a single solid feeding to the milligram level, while solvent feeding is controlled by a digital mass flow meter with subgram-level precision. This ensures that the concentration of each element in the reaction system strictly follows the target curve fluctuations, and the detection error is stably controlled within ±0.05%, far superior to the ±0.1% error range of traditional manual feeding methods.

[0020] 2. The multi-solvent selection and injection component of this invention connects multiple independent solvent storage tanks via multi-position valves. In conjunction with the solvent screening and metering module within the PLC controller, it dynamically calls a pre-stored solvent-element solubility correspondence table based on the decoupled solvent replenishment control signal. It automatically matches and switches from multiple selection ports to the target solvent type required by the current replenishment logic and sends an opening-time curve signal to the corresponding digital mass flow meter. This achieves coordinated and precise control of solvent type and dosage. This structure avoids the risk of misoperation that may occur when manually switching solvents and ensures that the most suitable acid, alkali, or complexing agent is always selected under different element concentration deviations. Furthermore, the data accumulation and self-learning server connected to the PLC controller records deviation signals, decoupling calculation processes, execution data, and steady-state results in real time throughout the entire replenishment cycle. Through iterative optimization of the decoupling matrix parameters using hundreds of accumulated cycle data points, the system control accuracy continuously improves over time, achieving closed-loop self-learning and self-optimization throughout the entire process. This significantly improves the intelligence level and long-term stability of the multi-precursor replenishment process. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a 3D diagram of a fully automated element detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling, based on PLC control.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of a fully automated element detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a fully automated element detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control.

[0025] Figure 4 For a PLC-controlled fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling Figure 3 Enlarged diagram of point A.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal system principle of the PLC controller in a fully automated element detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control.

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the system principle of a PLC-controlled, fully automated element detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling.

[0028] In the attached diagram: 1. Reactor assembly; 11. Reactor body; 12. Stirring rod; 13. Coupling; 14. Drive motor; 2. Leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly; 21. Circulation sampling tube; 22. Online elemental analyzer; 23. Temperature compensation unit; 24. Debubbling unit; 3. Multi-solvent selection and injection assembly; 31. Multi-position valve; 32. Digital mass flow meter; 4. PLC controller; 41. Target concentration curve storage module; 42. Real-time concentration comparison module; 43. Multi-dimensional matrix decoupling operation module; 44. Solvent screening and metering module; 5. Electromagnetic resonant micro-supply assembly; 51. Electromagnetic oscillator; 52. Micro-hopper; 53. Micro-transfer channel; 6. Data sedimentation and self-learning server. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0030] One implementation method: Please see Figures 1-6This invention relates to a fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control. The system includes a reactor assembly 1, a leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly 2, a multi-solvent selection and injection assembly 3, and a PLC controller 4. The reactor assembly 1 includes a reactor body 11. A stirring rod 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the reactor body 11 via a bearing. A coupling 13 is fixedly connected to the top of the stirring rod 12. The coupling 13 is fixedly connected to the reactor body 11 via bolts. A drive motor 14 is fixedly connected to the top of the coupling 13. The top of the reactor body 11 is connected to multiple solid precursor micro-feeding ports arranged in a ring array. Each solid precursor micro-feeding port is independently connected to an electromagnetic resonant micro-supply assembly 5.

[0031] The leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly 2 is connected to the circulation sampling pipe 21 at the bottom outlet of the vessel body 11. The other end of the circulation sampling pipe 21 is connected to the reflux port at the top side of the vessel body 11. An online elemental analyzer 22, a temperature compensation unit 23, and a degassing unit 24 are sequentially arranged on the circulation sampling pipe 21 along the liquid flow direction.

[0032] The multi-solvent selection and injection assembly 3 includes a multi-position valve 31 connected to the top of the other side of the vessel body 11. The top of the multi-position valve 31 is connected to a plurality of digital mass flow meters 32 arranged in a ring array. The top of the digital mass flow meters 32 is connected to an external solvent storage tank through an independent pipeline.

[0033] The signal input terminals of PLC controller 4 are connected to the signal output terminals of online element analyzer 22 and temperature compensation unit 23, respectively. The signal output terminals of PLC controller 4 are connected to the drive terminal of electromagnetic resonant micro-supply component 5 and the control terminal of multi-position valve 31, respectively.

[0034] In practice, the vessel body 11 is used to contain the leachate containing nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium elements during battery recycling. The drive motor 14 drives the stirring rod 12 to rotate via the coupling 13, continuously stirring the leachate within the vessel body 11 to ensure a uniform reaction system. The electromagnetic resonant micro-supply component 5 is used to quantitatively add solid precursor salts into the vessel body 11. The circulating sampling tube 21 is used to continuously extract and recirculate the leachate from the vessel body 11, achieving a closed-loop circulation. The online elemental analyzer 22 is used to detect the concentration of each element in the leachate in real time. The temperature compensation unit 23 is used to adjust the temperature of the leachate before it enters the online elemental analyzer 22 to the standard compensation temperature. The degassing unit 24 is used to remove air bubbles entrained in the leachate. The multi-solvent selection and injection component 3 is used to select and precisely inject the corresponding type of solvent from multiple solvent storage tanks according to the feeding requirements. The PLC controller 4 is used to receive detection signals, perform calculations, and output control commands.

[0035] Another implementation method: like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in practice, the electromagnetic resonant micro-supply assembly 5 includes an electromagnetic oscillator 51 fixedly connected to the surface of the vessel body 11. A micro-supply hopper 52 is fixedly connected to the top of the electromagnetic oscillator 51. A micro-supply conveying channel 53 is fixedly connected inside the micro-supply hopper 52. The cross-section of the micro-supply conveying channel 53 is V-shaped and its bottom has multiple micro-holes that extend to the bottom of the micro-supply hopper 52. The tail end of the micro-supply conveying channel 53 is connected to the micro-feeding port of the solid precursor.

[0036] The PLC controller 4 controls the micro-amplitude vibration of the micro-transport channel 53 by adjusting the pulse frequency of the electromagnetic oscillator 51, so as to realize the single-layer arrangement and step-by-step transport of individual solid precursor particles in the micro-transport channel 53.

[0037] The electromagnetic oscillator 51 operates at a frequency of 50Hz-120Hz, generating an amplitude of 0.1mm-0.5mm to drive solid precursor particles with a particle size range of 50μm-300μm in an intermittent jumping motion. The micro-transport channel 53 has a V-shaped cross-section with an included angle of 60°-90° and multiple micropores with a pore size of 20μm-80μm, used to adsorb and fix the monolayer of solid precursor particles through capillary action during the interval when the vibration stops.

[0038] Another implementation method: like Figure 3 As shown, in implementation, the degassing unit 24 includes an ultrasonic degassing tank. A baffle plate is fixedly connected inside the ultrasonic degassing tank to prolong the residence time of the leachate in the ultrasonic field. The ultrasonic degassing tank operates at a frequency of 28kHz-40kHz and a power density of 0.3W / cm³. 2 -0.6W / cm 2 .

[0039] The temperature compensation unit 23 includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is electrically connected to the PLC controller 4. The online elemental analyzer 22 integrates a temperature sensor. Based on the difference between the actual temperature measured by the temperature sensor inside the online elemental analyzer 22 and the standard compensation temperature, the PLC controller 4 controls the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the shell-and-tube heat exchanger to keep the temperature of the leachate entering the online elemental analyzer 22 constant within the range of 25℃±0.5℃.

[0040] The online elemental analyzer 22 is an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, which has a single detection cycle of less than 30 seconds for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium, and the detection accuracy error relative to the standard curve is less than ±0.05%.

[0041] Another implementation method: like Figure 5 As shown, during implementation, the PLC controller 4 integrates the following: The target concentration curve storage module 41 is used to store the target concentration ratio curves of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium elements required for the synthesis of various precursors. The real-time concentration comparison module 42 is used to receive the real-time concentration signals of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium elements sent by the online element analyzer 22, and calculate the difference between the real-time concentration signal and the target concentration value at the corresponding time in the target concentration curve storage module 41 to generate nickel element feeding deviation signal, cobalt element feeding deviation signal and manganese element feeding deviation signal. The multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module 43 is connected to the real-time concentration comparison module 42 and the target concentration curve storage module 41 respectively. Based on the pre-stored precursor crystal growth dynamics model, the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module 43 decouples the nickel element feeding deviation signal, cobalt element feeding deviation signal, and manganese element feeding deviation signal into multiple independent precursor solid feeding control signals and multiple independent solvent feeding control signals with nonlinear mapping relationships with each deviation signal through decoupling matrix operation. The solvent screening and metering module 44 has its input end connected to the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module 43 to receive the solvent replenishment control signal, and its output end connected to the control end of the multi-position valve 31 and multiple digital mass flow meters 32. The solvent screening and metering module 44 internally stores a solvent-element solubility correspondence table. According to the received solvent replenishment control signal, the solvent screening and metering module 44 selects the target port corresponding to the type of solvent to be replenished from multiple selection ports of the multi-position valve 31, and sends a preset opening-time curve signal to the digital mass flow meter 32 corresponding to the target port to control the injection of a specific type and a specific mass of solvent into the reactor body 11.

[0042] Another implementation method: like Figure 6 As shown, in implementation, the PLC controller 4 is also electrically connected to a data storage and self-learning server 6. The data storage and self-learning server 6 is used to record in real time the initial deviation signal, decoupling matrix operation process data, final solid and solvent replenishment amount data, and steady-state concentration data reached after replenishment for each complete replenishment cycle. Based on the recorded data from multiple cycles, it iteratively optimizes the decoupling matrix parameters in the multi-dimensional matrix decoupling operation module 43. The working principle of this invention is as follows: The leachate is continuously stirred in the vessel 11 by the stirring rod 12 driven by the drive motor 14. The circulating sampling tube 21 continuously extracts the liquid from the vessel 11, removes bubbles by the degassing unit 24, and keeps it at a constant temperature of 25℃±0.5℃ by the temperature compensation unit 23 before entering the online elemental analyzer 22 for concentration detection. After the PLC controller 4 acquires the detection data, it calculates the difference with the target concentration curve. The multi-dimensional matrix decoupling operation module 43 decouples the independent solid feed control signal and solvent feed control signal. The solid feed control signal controls the electromagnetic resonant micro-supply component 5, which realizes the step-by-step addition of milligram-level solid precursors through the V-shaped micro-transmission channel 53. The solvent feed control signal controls the multi-position valve 31 to switch to the corresponding solvent storage tank, and the digital mass flow meter 32 realizes the precise injection of subgram-level solvent. All feed data are synchronously deposited into the data deposit and self-learning server 6 for continuous optimization of control parameters.

Claims

1. A fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control, comprising a reactor assembly (1), a leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly (2), a multi-solvent selection and injection assembly (3), and a PLC controller (4), characterized in that: The reactor assembly (1) includes a reactor body (11). A stirring rod (12) is fixedly connected to the top of the inner cavity of the reactor body (11) via a bearing. A coupling (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the stirring rod (12). The coupling (13) is fixedly connected to the reactor body (11) via bolts. A drive motor (14) is fixedly connected to the top of the coupling (13). The top of the reactor body (11) is connected to multiple solid precursor micro-feeding ports arranged in a ring array. Each solid precursor micro-feeding port is independently connected to an electromagnetic resonant micro-supply assembly (5). The leachate circulation sampling pipeline assembly (2) includes a circulation sampling pipe (21) connected to the bottom outlet of the vessel body (11). The other end of the circulation sampling pipe (21) is connected to the reflux port on the top side of the vessel body (11). An online elemental analyzer (22), a temperature compensation unit (23), and a degassing unit (24) are sequentially arranged on the circulation sampling pipe (21) along the liquid flow direction. The multi-solvent selection and injection assembly (3) includes a multi-position valve (31) connected to the top of the other side of the vessel body (11). The top of the multi-position valve (31) is connected to a plurality of digital mass flow meters (32) arranged in a ring array. The top of the digital mass flow meters (32) is connected to an external solvent storage tank through an independent pipeline. The signal input terminal of the PLC controller (4) is connected to the signal output terminal of the online element analyzer (22) and the signal output terminal of the temperature compensation unit (23), respectively. The signal output terminal of the PLC controller (4) is connected to the drive terminal of the electromagnetic resonant micro-supply component (5) and the control terminal of the multi-position valve (31), respectively.

2. The fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic resonant micro-supply assembly (5) includes an electromagnetic oscillator (51) fixedly connected to the surface of the vessel body (11). A micro-supply hopper (52) is fixedly connected to the top of the electromagnetic oscillator (51). A micro-supply conveying channel (53) is fixedly connected inside the micro-supply hopper (52). The cross-section of the micro-supply conveying channel (53) is V-shaped and has multiple micro-holes extending to the bottom of the micro-supply hopper (52). The tail end of the micro-supply conveying channel (53) is connected to the micro-feeding port of the solid precursor.

3. The fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electromagnetic oscillator (51) operates at a frequency of 50Hz-120Hz and generates an amplitude of 0.1mm-0.5mm to drive solid precursor particles with a particle size range of 50μm-300μm to move forward intermittently.

4. The fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The degassing unit (24) includes an ultrasonic degassing tank, inside which baffles are fixedly connected. The ultrasonic degassing tank operates at a frequency of 28kHz-40kHz and has a power density of 0.3W / cm³. 2 -0.6W / cm 2 .

5. The fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature compensation unit (23) includes a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, which is electrically connected to the PLC controller (4). The online elemental analyzer (22) has an integrated temperature sensor.

6. The fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control according to claim 1, characterized in that: The PLC controller (4) integrates the following: The target concentration curve storage module (41) is used to store the target concentration ratio curves of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium elements required for the synthesis of various precursors. The real-time concentration comparison module (42) is used to receive the real-time concentration signals of nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium elements sent by the online element analyzer (22), and calculate the difference between the real-time concentration signal and the target concentration value at the corresponding time in the target concentration curve storage module (41) to generate nickel element feeding deviation signal, cobalt element feeding deviation signal and manganese element feeding deviation signal. The multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module (43) is connected to the real-time concentration comparison module (42) and the target concentration curve storage module (41) respectively. Based on the pre-stored precursor crystal growth dynamics model, the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module (43) decouples the nickel element feeding deviation signal, cobalt element feeding deviation signal and manganese element feeding deviation signal into multiple independent precursor solid feeding control signals and multiple independent solvent feeding control signals with nonlinear mapping relationship with each deviation signal through decoupling matrix operation.

7. A fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control, as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The PLC controller (4) also includes a solvent screening and metering module (44), whose input is connected to the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module (43) to receive the solvent replenishment control signal, and whose output is connected to the control terminal of the multi-position valve (31) and multiple digital mass flow meters (32); the solvent screening and metering module (44) stores a solvent-element solubility correspondence table. According to the received solvent replenishment control signal, the solvent screening and metering module (44) selects the target port corresponding to the type of solvent to be replenished from multiple selection ports of the multi-position valve (31), and sends a preset opening-time curve signal to the digital mass flow meter (32) corresponding to the target port to control the injection of a specific type and a specific mass of solvent into the reactor (11).

8. A fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control, as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The PLC controller (4) is also electrically connected to a data accumulation and self-learning server (6). The data accumulation and self-learning server (6) is used to record in real time the initial deviation signal, decoupling matrix operation process data, final solid and solvent replenishment amount data, and steady-state concentration data reached after replenishment in each complete replenishment cycle. Based on the data of multiple cycles recorded, the decoupling matrix parameters in the multidimensional matrix decoupling operation module (43) are iteratively optimized.

9. A fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control, as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The included angle of the V-shaped cross-section of the micro-transport channel (53) is 60°-90°, and the pore diameter of the multiple micropores is 20μm-80μm.

10. A fully automated elemental detection system for precise feeding of multiple precursors in battery recycling based on PLC control, as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The online elemental analyzer (22) is an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometer, which has a single detection cycle of less than 30 seconds for nickel, cobalt, manganese and lithium, and the detection accuracy error relative to the standard curve is less than ±0.05%.

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