A punching device and a punching method

Abstract

This invention discloses a punching device and method, relating to the field of stamping equipment technology. It includes a support base, a punching die assembly, and a punching rod. The punching die assembly includes a punch mounting sleeve detachably fixed to the support base, with punch mounting holes inside. The lower end of the punch extends out, and the punching rod is located below the punch mounting sleeve and can reciprocate up and down. A first chip removal channel is provided inside the punching rod for lifting the workpiece to contact the punch for punching and discharging punching chips. By replacing the punch mounting sleeves with different numbers of punch mounting holes, the number and layout of punches can be changed to adapt to different workpiece specifications, reducing equipment costs and die changeover time. The punching rod lifts the workpiece upwards, causing waste chips to fall into the first chip removal channel under gravity and be discharged, preventing waste chips from falling into the workpiece cavity or remaining there, thus solving the problem of waste chip scratches.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of stamping equipment technology, and in particular to a punching device and punching method. Background Technology

[0002] In the prior art, the punching of the ignition hole at the bottom of the shell is carried out using a single mold. The scalability of the punching mold is poor. Due to the different types of shells, the required size and number of ignition holes are different, and there are multiple modes such as single ignition hole and double ignition hole. Ordinary shell punching molds can only adapt to one type of ignition hole and are installed in a horizontal direction. The poor chip removal of the punching break can easily cause scratches to the shell itself. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a punching device and punching method, aiming to solve the technical problems of poor adaptability of shell punching molds and poor chip removal.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the first aspect of the present invention provides a punching device, including a support base, a punching die assembly, and a punching rod;

[0005] The punching die assembly includes a punch mounting sleeve, which is detachably fixed to the support base. The punch mounting sleeve has a punch mounting hole inside, which is used to fix the punch. After the punch is fixed in the punch mounting hole, the lower end of the punch extends out from the lower end of the punch mounting hole.

[0006] The punching rod is mounted on the support base and located below the punch mounting sleeve. The length of the punching rod is arranged in the vertical direction, and the punching rod can reciprocate up and down relative to the support base. A first chip removal channel is provided inside the punching rod. The punching rod can lift the workpiece so that the workpiece contacts the punch to perform punching. The first chip removal channel is used to discharge punching chips.

[0007] By setting a detachable punch mounting sleeve, when processing workpieces with different numbers of punches, only the punch mounting sleeve with the corresponding number of punch fixing holes needs to be replaced, which can change the number and layout of punches without replacing the entire mold. This significantly improves the adaptability of the punching device to workpieces of different specifications and reduces equipment costs and mold change time.

[0008] By opening a first chip removal channel parallel to its length inside the punching bar, and using the punching bar to lift the workpiece upward for punching, the waste chips generated during punching fall directly into the first chip removal channel located below the workpiece under the action of gravity, and are discharged downward along the channel to the outside of the mold. This avoids the waste chips falling into the inner cavity of the workpiece or remaining in the punching area, effectively solving the problem of waste chips scratching the inner wall of the workpiece and affecting product quality.

[0009] Preferably, the punching die sleeve assembly further includes a punch die sleeve, which is located below the punch mounting sleeve and is capable of reciprocating up and down relative to the punch mounting sleeve. A first elastic element is installed between the punch die sleeve and the punch mounting sleeve, and the first elastic element can cause the punch die sleeve to return to its downward position.

[0010] The punch die sleeve has a punch die hole, which is aligned with the punch mounting hole. When the punch die sleeve moves upward, the lower end of the punch can extend out from the lower end of the punch die hole.

[0011] When the punching rod lifts the workpiece upwards, the workpiece first pushes the punch die sleeve upwards, causing the lower end of the punch to extend from the punch die hole for punching. After punching, the punch die sleeve returns to its original position under the action of the first elastic element, pushing the workpiece away from the punch. The punch die sleeve provides full-process protection for the slender punch, preventing it from bending or breaking due to excessive overhang during punching. The return action of the punch die sleeve also ensures reliable unloading by separating the punch from the workpiece. Furthermore, the lower end of the punch die sleeve effectively prevents deformation of the workpiece's punching area during punching and unloading, as it presses against the punching area of ​​the workpiece.

[0012] Preferably, the punching die assembly further includes a pressure plate and a second elastic element. The pressure plate is located below the punch die and can reciprocate up and down relative to the support base. The second elastic element can cause the pressure plate to return to its downward position.

[0013] The pressure plate has a through hole, through which the lower end of the punch can pass.

[0014] During the punching process, the workpiece first pushes the pressure plate upward, and then the pressure plate pushes the punch die sleeve. Under the action of the second elastic element, the pressure plate presses the workpiece to prevent it from shaking or tilting. After punching is completed, the second elastic element drives the pressure plate downward to reset, so that the workpiece is separated from the punch die sleeve to achieve reliable unloading.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes a first guide rod, the length of which is arranged along the vertical direction, and the first guide rod is used to guide the vertical movement of the pressure plate.

[0016] The first guide rod constrains the movement trajectory of the pressure plate, preventing it from swaying or tilting during reciprocating motion. This ensures that the through hole on the pressure plate is always coaxially aligned with the punch, thereby avoiding lateral friction or collision between the punch and the edge of the through hole. At the same time, it ensures that the pressure applied by the pressure plate to the workpiece is evenly distributed.

[0017] Preferably, the support base has a first guide hole, and the punch rod slides through the first guide hole.

[0018] The first guide hole guides the up-and-down movement of the punch rod, effectively constraining the radial offset of the punch rod, ensuring the positional accuracy between the upper end of the punch rod and the workpiece and punch, and preventing inaccurate workpiece positioning or uneven force on the punch due to the skew of the punch rod, thereby improving the punching position accuracy and reducing the risk of punch breakage.

[0019] Preferably, it further includes a base beam and a second guide rod. The lower end of the second guide rod and the lower end of the punching rod are both fixedly connected to the base beam. The second guide rod is parallel to the punching rod. The support base has a second guide hole, and the second guide rod slides through the second guide hole.

[0020] The second guide rod further distributes the lateral force and eccentric moment, enhancing the accuracy of the reciprocating motion of the punching rod and effectively preventing the punching rod from bending or deviating due to uneven force during the lifting process.

[0021] Preferably, it further includes a chip removal top rod, which is coaxial with the punching bar and located below the punching bar, and the upper end of the chip removal top rod is fixedly connected to the base beam;

[0022] The chip removal top rod is provided with a second chip removal channel, which is connected to the first chip removal channel. The punching chips are discharged sequentially through the first chip removal channel and the second chip removal channel.

[0023] The chip removal top rod facilitates connection with the drive unit and allows for a more flexible layout of the drive unit. At the same time, the second chip removal channel further extends the chip removal path, allowing waste chips to be directly discharged into the collection container located below the device.

[0024] Preferably, the punch mounting sleeve has a punch fixing hole, and a punch fixing block is screwed into the punch fixing hole. The punch mounting hole is located at the bottom of the punch fixing hole, and the punch fixing block presses against the upper end of the punch to axially limit the punch.

[0025] The punch retaining block provides reliable axial clamping force by tightening the thread, preventing the punch from loosening or shifting due to the upward reaction force during the punching process. At the same time, loosening the punch retaining block allows for easy removal of the punch for grinding or replacement, reducing maintenance difficulty and downtime.

[0026] Preferably, the support base is provided with a C-shaped groove, which is located between the punch and the punching rod, and the C-shaped groove is used for loading and unloading the workpiece.

[0027] The C-slot provides an open channel for loading and unloading workpieces, allowing for convenient loading and unloading from the opening or end of the C-slot, facilitating integration with automatic loading and unloading mechanisms. At the same time, the open structure of the C-slot also makes it easy for operators to observe the punching process and perform cleaning and maintenance.

[0028] A second aspect of the present invention provides a punching method using a punching apparatus as described in any one of the first aspects, comprising the following steps:

[0029] S1. The workpiece is fed to the upper end of the punching bar, and the punching bar is driven to push the workpiece upward;

[0030] S2. The workpiece contacts the pressure plate and pushes the pressure plate upward. Then the pressure plate contacts the punch die sleeve and pushes the punch die sleeve upward. Then the lower end of the punch extends out from the lower end of the punch die hole. The punch punches the workpiece, and the punching chips are discharged through the first chip removal channel.

[0031] S3. After the punching rod moves upward to the preset position, it switches its movement direction and moves downward. Under the action of the first elastic element, the punch die sleeve is reset downward, so that the workpiece is separated from the punch. Under the action of the second elastic element, the pressure plate is reset downward, so that the workpiece is separated from the punch die sleeve.

[0032] S4. After the punching rod moves downward to the upper end of the punching rod and enters the first guide hole, the workpiece separates from the punching rod.

[0033] S5. The workpiece is unloaded, and the punching is completed. Repeat steps S1-S5 for the next punching.

[0034] This punching method realizes a complete cycle from workpiece loading, punching, chip removal, and unloading, while also achieving reliable sequential separation of the workpiece from the punch, punch die sleeve, and punching rod, forming a highly efficient, high-precision, and highly reliable automated punching process. Attached Figure Description

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the punching die sleeve assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the punch mounting sleeve of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the punch die sleeve of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support base of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the support base of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the position of the punching bar in this invention;

[0044] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the punching bar of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the chip removal push rod of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure plate of the present invention.

[0047] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0048] Support base 1, punching rod 2, punch mounting sleeve 3, punch mounting hole 4, first chip removal channel 5, punch die sleeve 6, first elastic element 7, punch die hole 8, pressure plate 9, second elastic element 10, through hole 11, first guide rod 12, first guide hole 13, base beam 14, second guide rod 15, second guide hole 16, chip removal top rod 17, second chip removal channel 18, punch fixing hole 19, punch fixing block 20, C-groove 21, intermediate transition element 22, assembly hole 23, sealing gasket 24, receiving hole 25, linear bearing 26, T-groove 27, shoulder 28, workpiece 29. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0051] The following provides some embodiments of the punching device of the present invention.

[0052] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the punching device includes a support base 1, a punching die sleeve assembly, and a punching rod 2. The support base 1 is fixedly connected to the body of the equipment. Optionally, the support base 1 can be directly fixedly connected to the body of the equipment, or indirectly fixedly connected to the body of the equipment through an intermediate transition member 22. For example, the intermediate transition member 22 is a mounting plate, mounting block, mounting rod, etc. For example, bolt connection, welding, or other fixed connection methods can be used.

[0053] refer to Figure 3 The punching die assembly includes a punch mounting sleeve 3, which is detachably fixed to the support base 1; Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 For example, the support 1 has a mounting hole 23, referenced Figure 4 The punch mounting sleeve 3 has a three-section stepped structure, with the radial dimension decreasing from top to bottom. The middle stepped section and the bottom stepped end are embedded in the assembly hole. The lower end face of the top stepped section abuts against the upper port of the stepped hole to axially limit the punch mounting sleeve 3. The top stepped section is fixedly connected to the support base 1 by several screws. Preferably, a sealing gasket 24 is provided between the top stepped surface of the punch mounting sleeve 3 and the opening of the assembly hole 23 to prevent foreign matter from entering the assembly hole 23.

[0054] refer to Figure 3 The punch mounting sleeve 3 has a punch mounting hole 4 inside, which is used to fix the punch. After the punch is fixed in the punch mounting hole 4, the lower end of the punch extends out of the lower end of the punch mounting hole 4 by a fixed length, which can be adjusted according to the thickness of the punching position of the workpiece. In addition, the lower end of the assembly hole 23 is open so that the lower end of the punch can extend out of the lower end of the assembly hole 23.

[0055] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The punch rod 2 is mounted on the support base 1 and located below the punch mounting sleeve 3. The length direction of the punch rod 2 is set in the vertical direction, and the punch rod 2 can reciprocate up and down relative to the support base 1. For example, the punch rod 2 can be driven by a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric cylinder, or cam mechanism, etc. (Reference) Figure 9 The punching rod 2 has a first chip removal channel 5 inside; the punching rod 2 can lift the workpiece so that the workpiece contacts the punch to punch, and the punching chips fall into the first chip removal channel 5 under the action of gravity and are discharged through the first chip removal channel 5.

[0056] It should be noted that the detachable design of the punch mounting sleeve 3 not only allows for the replacement of modules with different numbers or layouts of punches, but also allows for the replacement of modules with different punch diameters to accommodate different specifications of ignition holes. For example, the fixing method between the punch mounting sleeve 3 and the support base 1 can be, in addition to screws, clips, quick-connect couplings, or electromagnetic chucks, as long as quick assembly and disassembly are possible. Furthermore, the first chip removal channel 5 is not limited to a straight hole; it can also be a slightly tapered, flared hole with a slightly larger lower end to facilitate chip slippage. In some embodiments, if the punching chip volume is small and the chip removal requirement is not high, the diameter of the first chip removal channel 5 can be slightly larger than the punch diameter. However, in most cases, the channel diameter should be at least twice the punch diameter to prevent clogging.

[0057] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the punching die assembly further includes a punch die 6, which is located below the punch mounting sleeve 3 and is capable of reciprocating up and down relative to the punch mounting sleeve 3. Exemplarily, the punch die 6 and the punch mounting sleeve 3 are installed together in the mounting hole 23, which guides the reciprocating up and down movement of the punch die 6. The punch die 6 and the mounting hole 23 are in a clearance fit to allow the punch die 6 to slide smoothly upwards. The lower end of the punch die 6 extends beyond the lower end of the mounting hole 23, allowing the punch die 6 to be pushed upwards by the workpiece. The lower end of the mounting hole 23 is constricted to prevent the punch die 6 from falling out of the mounting hole 23.

[0058] A first elastic element 7 is installed between the punch die sleeve 6 and the punch mounting sleeve 3. The first elastic element 7 enables the punch die sleeve 6 to return to its downward position. Exemplarily, the first elastic element 7 is a cylindrical spring, which is sleeved on the outer wall of the lowest stepped section of the punch mounting sleeve 3. (Reference) Figure 5 Preferably, the upper end of the punch die sleeve 6 has a receiving hole 25, and the lower end of the cylindrical spring is located inside the receiving hole 25. The upper end of the cylindrical spring abuts against the stepped surface of the punch mounting sleeve 3, and the lower end abuts against the bottom of the receiving hole 25. The cylindrical spring is supported and guided from both the inner and outer sides by the receiving hole 25 and the outer wall of the punch mounting sleeve 3, which can effectively prevent the cylindrical spring from bending or deflecting. In addition, the lower end of the cylindrical spring being located inside the receiving hole 25 can effectively reduce the axial dimension of the entire device, making the structure more compact. In some alternatives, the first elastic element 7 is not limited to a helical spring, but can also be a disc spring, elastic rubber, or gas spring, as long as it can provide sufficient restoring force.

[0059] refer to Figure 5The punch die sleeve 6 has a punch die hole 8 located at the bottom of the receiving hole 25. The punch die hole 8 is aligned with the punch mounting hole 4. When the punch die sleeve 6 moves upward, the lower end of the punch can extend from the lower end of the punch die hole 8, thereby punching the workpiece. On the one hand, the punch die sleeve 6 protects the slender punch during the punching process, especially during the opening stage when the punching force is applied, preventing the punch from being bent or broken by the punching force. On the other hand, during the punching stage, the lower end of the punch die sleeve 6 clamps the punching periphery of the workpiece with the upper end of the punching rod 2, preventing the punching periphery of the workpiece from deforming due to the punching force. During the unloading stage, the lower end of the punch die sleeve 6 abuts against the workpiece, separating the workpiece from the punch, while preventing the punching periphery of the workpiece from deforming upward during the punching process. This effect is particularly significant for thin-walled workpieces.

[0060] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 11 In some embodiments, the punching die assembly further includes a pressure plate 9 and a second elastic element 10. The pressure plate 9 is located below the punch die 6 and can reciprocate up and down relative to the support base 1. The second elastic element 10 can cause the pressure plate 9 to return to its downward position. The pressure plate 9 has a through hole 11 through which the lower end of the punch can pass. During the punching process, the workpiece first contacts and pushes the pressure plate 9 upward, compressing the second elastic element 10. Under the action of the second elastic element 10, the pressure plate 9 presses the workpiece to prevent it from shaking or tilting. Then, the pressure plate 9 contacts and pushes the punch die 6 upward, causing the punch to extend from the punch die 6 and punch the workpiece. For some workpieces, the punching is located in a groove at the bottom of the workpiece, and the lower end of the punch die 6 extends into the groove for punching. In this case, after punching is completed, the second elastic element 10 drives the pressure plate 9 to return to its downward position, separating the workpiece from the punch die 6 to achieve reliable unloading. Preferably, a buffer pad can be added between the pressure plate 9 and the punch die sleeve 6 to reduce noise and wear from direct metal impact.

[0061] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3In some embodiments, the punching device further includes a first guide rod 12, which is arranged along the vertical direction and is used to guide the vertical movement of the pressure plate 9. Optionally, the first guide rod 12 is slidably mounted on the support base 1, and the lower end of the first guide rod 12 is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 9 by means of threads or welding. The pressure plate 9 and the first guide rod 12 move vertically relative to the support base 1 simultaneously, and the pressure plate 9 is guided by the sliding fit between the first guide rod 12 and the support base 1. Alternatively, the first guide rod 12 is fixedly connected to the support base 1, and the pressure plate 9 is slidably mounted on the first guide rod 12. A limiting nut is provided at the lower end of the first guide rod 12 to prevent the pressure plate 9 from falling off, and the pressure plate 9 is guided by the sliding fit between the pressure plate 9 and the first guide rod 12. Exemplarily, the second elastic element 10 is a cylindrical spring, which is sleeved on the first guide rod 12. The upper end of the cylindrical spring contacts the support base 1, and the lower end contacts the pressure plate 9. Preferably, two or more sets of the first guide rod 12 and the second elastic element 10 are provided to improve the guiding and constraining effect on the pressure plate 9.

[0062] In some alternative embodiments, a guide groove can be formed on the support base 1, and a guide block can be fixed on the pressure plate 9. The pressure plate 9 can be guided by the sliding cooperation of the guide block and the guide groove.

[0063] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the support base 1 has a first guide hole 13, and the punching rod 2 slides through the first guide hole 13, which guides the up-and-down movement of the punching rod 2. Preferably, a linear bearing 26 is installed between the first guide hole 13 and the punching rod 2, which reduces frictional resistance and wear while achieving precise guidance.

[0064] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7In some embodiments, the punching device further includes a base beam 14 and a second guide rod 15. The lower end of the second guide rod 15 and the lower end of the punching rod 2 are both fixedly connected to the base beam 14. The second guide rod 15 is parallel to the punching rod 2. A second guide hole 16 is opened on the support base 1, and the second guide rod 15 slides through the second guide hole 16. The base beam 14 connects the punching rod 2 and the second guide rod 15 into a whole. When the driving device pushes the base beam 14, the punching rod 2 and the second guide rod 15 move synchronously. The second guide rod 15 can withstand lateral forces and eccentric moments, while preventing the punching rod 2 from rotating, which can further improve the movement accuracy and rigidity of the punching rod 2. In some embodiments, two second guide rods 15 can be provided, distributed in a triangle with the punching rod 2 to obtain better torsional resistance. Preferably, a linear bearing 26 is installed between the second guide hole 16 and the second guide rod 15 to achieve precise guidance while reducing frictional resistance and wear.

[0065] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 8 In some embodiments, the punching device further includes a chip removal rod 17, which is coaxial with the punching rod 2 and located below the punching rod 2. The upper end of the chip removal rod 17 is fixedly connected to the base beam 14; preferably, the chip removal rod 17 is detachably fixedly connected to the base beam 14. (Reference) Figure 8 and Figure 10 For example, the lower end of the base beam 14 is provided with a T-slot 27, the length direction of which is horizontal. The top end of the chip removal rod is provided with a shoulder 28. The shoulder 28 of the chip removal rod 17 is slid into the T-slot 27 from the end of the T-slot 27. The lower end of the chip removal rod 17 extends out of the slot of the T-slot 27. The shoulder 28 is slidably engaged with the T-slot 27. When the chip removal rod 17 is slid to be aligned with the punching rod 2, the position of the chip removal rod 17 is locked by setting a locking screw. The locking screw can be set on the chip removal rod 17, and tightening the locking screw presses the bottom surface of the T-slot 27. Alternatively, it can be set on the T-slot 27, and tightening the locking screw presses the shoulder 28 of the chip removal rod 17. In some alternative embodiments, the chip removal rod 17 can also be fixedly connected to the base beam 14 by a flange. For example, the lower end of the chip removal push rod 17 is designed with a flange, thread, or groove connection structure for connecting a drive component such as a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or cam push rod.

[0066] refer to Figure 10The chip removal rod 17 has a second chip removal channel 18, which is connected to the first chip removal channel 5. The punching chips are discharged sequentially through the first chip removal channel 5 and the second chip removal channel 18. Optionally, the lower end of the punching rod 2 passes through the base beam 14, thereby connecting the first chip removal channel 5 and the second chip removal channel 18; or the base beam 14 has a connecting hole, the upper end of which is connected to the lower end of the first chip removal channel 5, and the lower end of which is connected to the upper end of the second chip removal channel 18, thus connecting the first chip removal channel 5 and the second chip removal channel 18.

[0067] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4 In some embodiments, the punch mounting sleeve 3 has a punch fixing hole 19, and a punch fixing block 20 is screwed into the punch fixing hole 19. The punch mounting hole 4 is located at the bottom of the punch fixing hole 19. The punch is inserted into the punch mounting hole 4 through the punch fixing hole 19, and then the punch fixing block 20 is screwed into the punch fixing hole 19. The punch fixing block 20 presses against the upper end of the punch to axially limit the punch. This structure allows for quick replacement of the punch.

[0068] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the support base 1 is provided with a C-shaped groove 21. The cross-section of the C-shaped groove 21 is C-shaped, and both ends are open in the length direction. The C-shaped groove 21 is located between the punch and the punch rod 2, and is used for loading and unloading workpieces. Optionally, loading and unloading can be performed through the opening of the C-shaped groove 21, or through the end of the C-shaped groove 21. It should be noted that the loading and unloading directions can be the same or different. For example, loading can be done through the opening of the C-shaped groove 21 and unloading can be done from one end of the C-shaped groove 21, or loading can be done from one end of the C-shaped groove 21 and unloading can be done from the other end of the C-shaped groove 21.

[0069] The following provides some embodiments of the punching method of the present invention, wherein the embodiments of the punching method use the punching device in any of the above embodiments.

[0070] In some embodiments, the punching method includes the following steps:

[0071] First, the workpiece is loaded onto the upper end of the punching rod 2. For example, an automatic feeding device can be used to feed the workpiece to be processed from the opening of the C-shaped groove 21 into the C-shaped groove 21 of the support base 1, and place it directly above the punching rod 2, driving the punching rod 2 to push the workpiece upward.

[0072] As the workpiece moves upward, it contacts the pressure plate 9 and pushes it upward. During this upward movement, the second elastic element 10 is compressed, and the pressure plate 9, under the action of the second elastic element 10, presses the workpiece firmly. The lower surface of the pressure plate 9 limits the workpiece, preventing it from tilting. Next, the pressure plate 9 contacts the punch die sleeve 6 and pushes it upward. The upward movement of the punch die sleeve 6 compresses the first elastic element 7. Under the action of the first elastic element 7, the lower end of the punch die sleeve 6 and the upper end of the punch rod 2 clamp the punching attachment area of ​​the workpiece, preventing deformation of the area near the punching hole during the punching process. Then, the lower end of the punch extends from the lower end of the punch die hole 8, punching the workpiece. The punching chips fall into the first chip removal channel 5 under gravity and are discharged through the first chip removal channel 5.

[0073] After the punch rod 2 moves upward to the preset position, the punching stroke is completed. The drive component of the punch rod 2 switches its direction of motion, causing the punch rod 2 to move downward. Under the action of the first elastic element 7, the punch die sleeve 6 resets downward, separating the workpiece from the punch. Simultaneously, during the downward movement of the punch rod 2, the punch die sleeve 6 and the upper end of the punch rod 2 clamp the workpiece, preventing deformation of the area near the punch hole of the workpiece during the removal of the punch. This is particularly effective for thin-walled workpieces. After the punch die sleeve 6 moves to its lowest position, the pressure plate 9 resets downward under the action of the second elastic element 10. The pressure plate 9 pushes the workpiece downward to ensure that the workpiece is separated from the punch die sleeve 6.

[0074] When the punch rod 2 moves downwards and enters the first guide hole 13 at its upper end, the workpiece separates from the punch rod 2. The automatic unloading device pushes or removes the workpiece from the C-shaped groove 21, completing the workpiece unloading. This punching operation is then completed, and the loading of the next workpiece begins, starting the next punching operation.

[0075] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0076] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A punching device, characterized in that, Includes a support base (1), a punching die assembly, and a punching rod (2); The punching die assembly includes a punch mounting sleeve (3), which is detachably fixed to the support base (1). The punch mounting sleeve (3) has a punch mounting hole (4) inside, which is used to fix the punch. After the punch is fixed in the punch mounting hole (4), the lower end of the punch extends out from the lower end of the punch mounting hole (4). The punching rod (2) is installed on the support base (1) and located below the punch mounting sleeve (3). The length direction of the punching rod (2) is set in the vertical direction. The punching rod (2) can move up and down relative to the support base (1). A first chip removal channel (5) is opened in the punching rod (2). The punching rod (2) can lift the workpiece so that the workpiece contacts the punch to punch. The first chip removal channel (5) is used to discharge punching chips.

2. The punching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The punching die assembly also includes a punch die (6), which is located below the punch mounting sleeve (3) and can reciprocate up and down relative to the punch mounting sleeve (3). A first elastic element (7) is installed between the punch die (6) and the punch mounting sleeve (3), which can cause the punch die (6) to return to its original position downward. The punch die sleeve (6) is provided with a punch die hole (8), which is aligned with the punch mounting hole (4). When the punch die sleeve (6) moves upward, the lower end of the punch can extend out from the lower end of the punch die hole (8).

3. The punching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The punching die assembly also includes a pressure plate (9) and a second elastic element (10). The pressure plate (9) is located below the punch die (6), and the pressure plate (9) can reciprocate up and down relative to the support base (1). The second elastic element (10) can reset the pressure plate (9) downward. The pressure plate (9) is provided with a through hole (11), and the lower end of the punch can pass through the through hole (11).

4. The punching device according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a first guide rod (12), the length of which is arranged along the vertical direction, and the first guide rod (12) is used to guide the vertical movement of the pressure plate (9).

5. The punching device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The support base (1) has a first guide hole (13), and the punch rod (2) slides through the first guide hole (13).

6. The punching device according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a base beam (14) and a second guide rod (15). The lower end of the second guide rod (15) and the lower end of the punching rod (2) are both fixedly connected to the base beam (14). The second guide rod (15) is parallel to the punching rod (2). A second guide hole (16) is opened on the support seat (1). The second guide rod (15) slides through the second guide hole (16).

7. The punching device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a chip removal top rod (17), which is coaxial with the punching rod (2) and located below the punching rod (2). The upper end of the chip removal top rod (17) is fixedly connected to the base beam (14). The chip removal top rod (17) is provided with a second chip removal channel (18), which is connected to the first chip removal channel (5). The punching chips are discharged sequentially through the first chip removal channel (5) and the second chip removal channel (18).

8. The punching apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The punch mounting sleeve (3) has a punch fixing hole (19) inside, and a punch fixing block (20) is screwed into the punch fixing hole (19) by thread. The punch mounting hole (4) is opened at the bottom of the punch fixing hole (19), and the punch fixing block (20) presses the upper end of the punch to limit the punch axially.

9. The punching device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The support base (1) is provided with a C-shaped groove (21), which is located between the punch and the punch rod (2). The C-shaped groove (21) is used for loading and unloading the workpiece.

10. A punching method, characterized in that, Using the punching apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-9 includes the following steps: S1. The workpiece is fed to the upper end of the punching bar (2), and the punching bar (2) is driven to push the workpiece upward; S2, the workpiece contacts the pressure plate (9) and pushes the pressure plate (9) to move upward, then the pressure plate (9) contacts the punch die sleeve (6) and pushes the punch die sleeve (6) to move upward, then the lower end of the punch extends out from the lower end of the punch die hole (8), the punch punches the workpiece, and the punching chips are discharged through the first chip discharge channel (5); S3. After the punching rod (2) moves upward to the preset position, it switches to the downward movement direction. The punch die sleeve (6) is reset downward under the action of the first elastic element (7), so that the workpiece is separated from the punch. The pressure plate (9) is reset downward under the action of the second elastic element (10), so that the workpiece is separated from the punch die sleeve (6). S4. After the punching rod (2) moves downward to the upper end of the punching rod (2) and enters the first guide hole (13), the workpiece is separated from the punching rod (2); S5. The workpiece is unloaded, and the punching is completed. Repeat steps S1-S5 for the next punching.

Images