A multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device, system and method

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device, system and method, including multi-stage cavitation unit, gas inlet unit and regulation unit, multi-stage cavitation unit includes "contraction-throat-expansion" type cavitation flow passage;Gas inlet unit includes the first stage, second stage and third stage gas inlet piece that respectively communicates primary contraction section, intermediate throat section and final stage throat section;Regulation unit includes the bevel gear cavitation mechanism arranged in intermediate expansion section and the magnetic field generating mechanism arranged outside intermediate expansion section, bevel gear cavitation mechanism has sinusoidal wave form variation surface, and the magnetic field coverage range at least covers between bevel gear outlet and third stage gas inlet piece.It is realized that the cavitation cycle is staged accurately by multi-stage gas supply, and the size is uniformized by bevel gear mechanism bubble breaking, and the efficiency of activated water preparation and ozone utilization rate are significantly improved by magnetic field enhanced ozone dissolution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ozone-activated water preparation technology, and in particular to a multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device, system and method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the modern food industry, ozone-activated water is needed in areas such as fruit and vegetable preservation and cleaning, meat and aquatic product processing, and disinfection of food processing environments and equipment. In recent years, ozone oxidation, as a novel ozone-activated water technology, has received widespread attention in the food industry. Ozone, as a strong oxidizing gas, has a high oxidation-reduction potential and exhibits high reactivity with olefins, aromatic compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, sulfur-containing compounds, and phosphorus-containing compounds, effectively killing microorganisms in food. However, ozone molecules are poorly soluble in water, requiring the use of hydraulic cavitation technology to improve gas-liquid mass transfer and promote ozone solubility in water. Besides ozone, other active substances have lifetimes of only milliseconds or microseconds. The chemothermal effect generated when cavitation bubbles collapse can promote the generation of strong oxidizing hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and other active substances, effectively producing ozone-activated water.

[0003] Existing ozone-activated water preparation devices and methods have the following problems in practical applications: (1) The ozone intake method is singular and difficult to match the multi-stage cavitation requirements. Existing technologies mostly employ single-stage ozone intake. While this can achieve instantaneous high-intensity gas-liquid mixing in the cavitation zone, ozone is rapidly consumed in the initial reactions, leading to a sharp decline in ozone concentration in the later stages of the process. This results in low overall ozone utilization and high residual emissions in the exhaust gas. Furthermore, single-stage intake makes it difficult to precisely replenish ozone according to the differentiated needs of the cavitation bubble's "initial-development-collapse" stages. The initial stage requires trace amounts of ozone to provide initial nuclei, the development stage requires large amounts of ozone to promote cavitation bubble growth, and the collapse stage requires a suitable amount of ozone to participate in the oxidation reaction. In addition, when processing conditions change, increasing the overall intake can easily cause excessive local gas aggregation, which in turn inhibits the collapse effect of cavitation bubbles; conversely, reducing the intake makes it difficult to meet the set concentration of activated water. Single-stage intake is also prone to gas short-circuiting, where some gas is discharged directly without participating in the cavitation reaction, resulting in wasted gas resources and increased energy consumption.

[0004] (2) There is a lack of effective means to control the morphology and distribution of cavitation bubbles. While existing technologies generate a large number of active free radicals through cavitation, they lack active intervention in the development process of cavitation bubbles themselves. After rapid growth in the throat, cavitation bubbles often exhibit varying sizes and uneven distribution. When they collapse in the expansion phase, the release of collapse energy is dispersed and asynchronous, making it difficult to form an efficient local high-temperature and high-pressure region. This highly random cavitation process leads to low energy utilization and unstable treatment results. Although some studies have attempted to optimize cavitation effects through flow channel geometry, there is a lack of means to actively break up and homogenize cavitation bubbles during the development stage, making it difficult to achieve uniform control of cavitation bubble size.

[0005] To address the problems existing in the above-mentioned technologies, there is an urgent need to develop an ozone-activated water preparation device and method that can achieve multi-stage precise air intake, active control of cavitation bubble morphology, and coordinated matching of magnetic field and cavitation flow field, so as to increase the hydroxyl radical content of ozone-activated water. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the need in the prior art to develop an ozone-activated water production device that can achieve multi-stage precise air intake, active control of cavitation bubble morphology, and coordinated matching of magnetic field and cavitation flow field, so as to increase the hydroxyl radical content of ozone-activated water.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation apparatus for preparing ozone-activated water, comprising: A multi-stage cavitation unit includes at least three sets of coaxially connected cavitation channels. Each set of cavitation channels includes a contraction section, a throat section, and an expansion section that are coaxially connected in sequence along the fluid flow direction, forming a continuous flow channel configuration of "contraction-throat-expansion". The three sets of cavitation channels are a primary cavitation channel, an intermediate cavitation channel, and a final cavitation channel, respectively. An intake unit includes a first-stage intake, a second-stage intake, and a third-stage intake. The output end of the first-stage intake is connected to the constriction section of the primary cavitation channel, the output end of the second-stage intake is connected to the throat section of the intermediate cavitation channel, and the output end of the third-stage intake is connected to the throat section of the final cavitation channel. The control unit includes a conical cavitation mechanism and a magnetic field generating mechanism. The conical cavitation mechanism is disposed within the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation flow channel. The conical cavitation mechanism includes a... The surface with a sinusoidal waveform changes, and a reinforced flow channel is formed between it and the inner wall of the expansion section to agitate and shear the fluid; the magnetic field generating mechanism is located outside the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation flow channel, and its magnetic field coverage range covers at least the flow channel area from the outlet end of the reinforced flow channel to the third-stage air inlet.

[0008] Preferably, the conical cavitation mechanism includes a conical body and a plurality of toothed rings. Multiple toothed rings are coaxially connected to the conical surface of the conical body, arranged sequentially and at intervals along its axial direction. The top contours of the multiple toothed rings together form a shape along the axial direction of the cavitation channel. A surface that changes in a sinusoidal waveform.

[0009] Preferably, it further includes a dispersion unit, which includes a base and an impeller. The base is coaxially disposed within the expansion section of the primary cavitation channel, with its slot end facing the side closer to the intermediate cavitation channel. The base has a circular slot structure, and a plurality of tangential through holes arranged in a circular array around its circumference are provided on the side of the base. The axis of the tangential through holes forms a predetermined angle with the radial line of the base. The impeller is rotatably connected to the circular slot of the base. The impeller includes a plurality of crescent-shaped blades, with the concave side of each blade facing the side of the tangential through hole and arranged at the same inclination angle as the tangential through hole.

[0010] Preferably, the magnetic field generating mechanism includes multiple support members and excitation coils. The multiple support members are arranged in a ring array around the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation flow channel, and each support member is wound with the same number of excitation coils.

[0011] Preferably, the control unit further includes a magnetic field monitoring module and a timing control module. The magnetic field monitoring module is used to monitor the magnetic field strength, and the timing control module is used to control the opening and closing of the magnetic field generating mechanism, as well as the opening and duration of the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage air intake components.

[0012] Preferably, the contraction section includes a first pipe and a second pipe coaxially connected, and the inner diameter of the first pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe; the expansion section includes a third pipe and a fourth pipe coaxially connected, and the inner diameter of the third pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the fourth pipe; the throat section includes a fifth pipe, the inner diameter of the fifth pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the second pipe and the third pipe, and both ends of the fifth pipe are coaxially connected to the second pipe and the third pipe, respectively.

[0013] Preferably, the inner wall of the cavitation channel is coated with an insulating and wear-resistant coating.

[0014] Preferably, the primary air intake component is set at an angle of 30°-60° to the axis of the cavitation channel, and the intake pressure of the primary air intake component is 0.02MPa-0.04MPa higher than the fluid pressure in the contraction section of the primary cavitation channel.

[0015] A multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation system, comprising preparing ozone activated water using the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device as described in any one of the above claims, and further comprising, The liquid inlet assembly includes a clear water tank, a centrifugal pump, an air pump, and a venturi tube. The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the clear water tank, the input end of the venturi tube is connected to the output ends of the centrifugal pump and the air pump respectively, and the output end of the venturi tube is connected to the input end of the primary cavitation channel. The drain assembly includes an activated water storage tank for collecting ozone-activated water after multi-stage cavitation treatment, the activated water storage tank being connected to the output end of the final-stage cavitation channel.

[0016] A method for preparing activated water using multi-stage ozone cavitation, comprising the following steps: Step S1: Turn on the air pump to introduce air into the system and drain any remaining water inside. Step S2: Turn on the centrifugal pump to pump the clean water in the clean water tank into the venturi tube, so that the clean water and air are initially mixed in the venturi tube to form clean water with microbubbles, and then enter the primary cavitation flow channel. Step S3: After the clean water with microbubbles enters the multi-stage cavitation channel, a small amount of ozone is introduced through the first-stage air inlet to replenish the initial gas nuclei, triggering cavitation initiation in the contraction section of the primary cavitation channel and forming a gas-liquid mixture. Step S4: When the gas-liquid mixture flows through the intermediate cavitation channel, the secondary air inlet is activated, and ozone is introduced by self-priming to promote the rapid growth of cavitation bubbles. Subsequently, the gas-liquid mixture flows through the conical cavitation mechanism, and under the pulsating flow field guided by the sine wave profile and the shearing action of the conical teeth, the cavitation bubbles are broken into uniform micro cavitation bubbles. Then, the magnetic field generating mechanism is activated, and the generated magnetic field acts on the homogenized micro cavitation bubble group to regulate the morphology and distribution of the cavitation bubbles. Ozone is then introduced through the tertiary air inlet, which triggers cavitation collapse in the expansion section of the final cavitation channel, generating a local high-temperature and high-pressure micro-region. Under the action of cavitation heat effect, ozone decomposes to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and other active oxygen species, forming ozone-activated water with high oxidation activity. Step S5: Output activated water. The prepared ozone-activated water is output to the activated water storage tank for storage.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages: This invention achieves precise, staged air supply throughout the entire lifecycle of cavitation bubbles—from inception to development to collapse—by configuring a three-stage air intake system that connects the primary contraction section, the intermediate throat, and the final throat. The primary intake provides trace amounts of ozone as initial nuclei, the secondary intake utilizes negative pressure to self-absorb large amounts of ozone to promote cavitation bubble growth, and the tertiary intake supplements an appropriate amount of ozone to participate in the collapse reaction, creating a gradient oxidation environment that significantly improves ozone utilization and the mineralization of pollutants.

[0018] This invention solves the problems of inconsistent cavitation bubble size and energy dispersion during collapse in traditional cavitation processes by setting a conical cavitation mechanism in the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation channel. Its sinusoidal surface generates periodic pulsating disturbances and high-frequency shearing effects on the flowing gas-liquid mixture, breaking the large-volume cavitation bubbles in the development stage into uniformly sized micro-cavitation bubbles. This improves the utilization efficiency of cavitation energy.

[0019] This invention achieves precise control over the morphology and distribution of cavitation bubbles by setting the coverage area of ​​the magnetic field generating mechanism to extend from the outlet of the enhanced flow channel to the third-stage air inlet, which precisely corresponds to the transition stage from the breakup of the cavitation bubble to its collapse. The intervention of the magnetic field at this stage can directionally constrain the newly broken micro-cavitation bubbles, making their arrangement more orderly and their distribution more uniform, thereby releasing more concentrated and intense energy in the subsequent collapse stage.

[0020] This invention achieves precise coordination between the magnetic field and each stage of air intake through a timing control module, allowing the magnetic field to intervene at the optimal time for cavitation bubble development. This avoids the problems of premature intervention leading to control failure or late intervention missing the control window, further improving the system's processing efficiency and stability. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein... Figure 1 This is an isometric view of the activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cavitation flow channel of the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the conical cavitation mechanism of the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic field generating mechanism of the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the base of the diffusion unit of the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tangential through hole on the base of the dispersion unit of the activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure of the dispersion unit of the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation system of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a flowchart of the activated water preparation method using multi-stage ozone cavitation, as described in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. Multi-stage cavitation unit; 11. Cavitation channel; 111. Contraction section; 112. Throat section; 113. Expansion section; 2. Intake unit; 21. First-stage intake component; 22. Second-stage intake component; 23. Third-stage intake component; 3. Control unit; 31. Conical cavitation mechanism; 311. Conical body; 312. Gear ring; 32. Magnetic field generating mechanism; 321. Support component; 322. Excitation coil; 4. Dispersion unit; 41. Base; 411. Tangential through hole; 42. Impeller; 421. Base plate; 422. Blade; 43. Impeller shaft; A. Activated water preparation device for multi-stage ozone cavitation; B. Liquid inlet assembly; B1. Clean water tank; B2. Centrifugal pump; B3. Air pump; B4. Venturi tube; C. Liquid discharge assembly; C1. Activated water storage tank. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] Example 1, refer to Figures 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation apparatus for preparing ozone activated water, comprising, The multi-stage cavitation unit 1 includes at least three sets of coaxially connected cavitation channels 11. Each set of cavitation channels 11 includes a contraction section 111, a throat section 112, and an expansion section 113, which are coaxially connected in sequence along the fluid flow direction, forming a continuous flow channel configuration of "contraction-throat-expansion". The three sets of cavitation channels 11 are the primary cavitation channel, the intermediate cavitation channel, and the final cavitation channel, respectively. Among them, the primary cavitation channel mainly undertakes the function of "cavitation initiation". Combined with the trace amount of ozone injected into the contraction section by the first-stage intake component 21 in the intake unit 2, the high-speed flow in the contraction section generates low pressure, inducing the initiation of cavitation and forming a stable initial gas nucleus. The intermediate cavitation channel is the core control zone of this invention. During this stage, bubbles grow rapidly and become larger. Furthermore, due to the conical cavitation mechanism 31 installed in the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation channel, active intervention (breakup and homogenization) can be performed on bubbles in the "growth period," breaking the passive situation where traditional cavitation can only rely on natural collapse. The final cavitation channel is the terminal for energy release and chemical reaction. The uniform microbubbles after intermediate control are accelerated again at the throat of this stage and undergo synchronous and violent collapse during the pressure recovery process in the expansion section, releasing energy in a concentrated manner and stimulating the generation of hydroxyl radicals.

[0025] It is conceivable that, since the three sets of flow channels are coaxially connected in series, the fluid will experience a pressure pulsation process of "contraction-expansion-re-contraction-re-expansion". After passing through the primary throat, the fluid enters the expansion section, where the pressure recovers somewhat; then it enters the intermediate contraction section, where the pressure drops sharply again. This alternating pressure field allows bubbles to have multiple growth opportunities before collapsing, allowing the bubble diameter to grow larger and the internal potential energy stored to be greater. Finally, at the final stage of collapse, the instantaneous high temperature and high pressure released locally (hotspot effect) is far stronger than that of single-stage cavitation, thus more effectively breaking down recalcitrant organic matter. It is further conceivable that single-stage cavitation channels are usually short, and the fluid completes the entire cavitation process in a very short time. This structure, by connecting three sets of flow channels in series, significantly extends the residence time of clean water in the cavitation field and increases the number of effective cavitation events. Under multi-stage cavitation, bubbles can repeatedly undergo growth and collapse processes at different stages, which is beneficial to increasing the energy release intensity during cavitation bubble collapse and increasing the frequency of local high temperature and high pressure micro-regions, thereby providing more sufficient reaction conditions for ozone decomposition and water molecule activation. Meanwhile, the extended residence time is conducive to the mass transfer and dispersion of ozone in water, increasing its chances of participating in the reaction, making the generation and action of reactive oxygen species in the system more complete, and overall improving the generation efficiency and utilization of hydroxyl radicals.

[0026] The intake unit 2 includes a primary intake 21, a secondary intake 22, and a tertiary intake 23. The output end of the primary intake 21 is connected to the contraction section 111 of the primary cavitation channel, the output end of the secondary intake 22 is connected to the throat section 112 of the intermediate cavitation channel, and the output end of the tertiary intake 23 is connected to the throat section 112 of the final cavitation channel. Specifically, the primary intake 21 corresponds to the cavitation initiation zone, the secondary intake 22 corresponds to the cavitation bubble development zone, and the tertiary intake 23 corresponds to the cavitation bubble collapse zone. Specifically, ozone is introduced into the primary intake 21 to provide initial gas nuclei, ensuring that a large number of uniform micro-gas nuclei already exist in the fluid before entering the throat, laying the foundation for the subsequent growth of cavitation bubbles. Ozone is introduced into the secondary intake 22, at which time the bubbles are in a rapid growth phase, and the low-pressure environment allows a large amount of ozone to be efficiently absorbed into the interior of the bubbles. Enriching the bubble with ozone solves the problem of ozone's poor water solubility and provides a reactant basis for the generation of hydroxyl radicals during subsequent cavitation bubble collapse. The three-stage inlet acts as a reinforcement, as the ozone concentration may decrease due to the consumption in the first two stages. Introducing fresh ozone momentarily before collapse ensures that sufficient ozone molecules exist in the system at the instant of violent cavitation bubble collapse, promoting its pyrolysis to generate more hydroxyl radicals (·OH).

[0027] Control unit 3 includes a conical cavitation mechanism 31 and a magnetic field generating mechanism 32. The conical cavitation mechanism 31 is disposed within the expansion section 113 of the intermediate cavitation flow channel. The conical cavitation mechanism 31 includes a conical cavitation mechanism 32. The surface exhibits a sinusoidal waveform change, forming a reinforced flow channel between itself and the inner wall of the expansion section 113 for disturbing and shearing the fluid. A magnetic field generating mechanism 32 is located outside the expansion section 113 of the intermediate cavitation channel, and its magnetic field coverage extends at least to the flow channel region from the outlet end of the reinforced flow channel to the third-stage inlet 23. Specifically, the conical cavitation mechanism 31 first homogenizes the bubble size, and then the magnetic field orders their spatial distribution. This allows thousands of cavitation bubbles to collapse synchronously at similar times and locations when entering the final expansion zone. This "collective collapse" effect generates superimposed shock waves and local temperatures and pressures far exceeding those of single-bubble collapse, greatly enhancing cavitation intensity.

[0028] Specifically, this invention achieves precise, staged air supply throughout the entire lifecycle of cavitation bubbles—from their initial formation to their development and collapse—by setting up three-stage air intake components that connect the primary contraction section, the intermediate throat, and the final throat. The primary intake provides trace amounts of ozone as initial nuclei; the secondary intake utilizes negative pressure to self-absorb large amounts of ozone, promoting cavitation bubble growth; and the tertiary intake supplements an appropriate amount of ozone to participate in the collapse reaction, creating a gradient oxidation environment that significantly improves ozone utilization and pollutant mineralization. Furthermore, a conical cavitation mechanism 31 with a sinusoidal waveform surface is installed within the intermediate cavitation channel. Through mechanical disturbance and shearing, it breaks the growing large cavitation bubbles into uniformly sized microbubbles, solving the problems of inconsistent bubble size and uneven distribution, creating conditions for subsequent efficient collapse, and significantly improving the utilization rate of cavitation energy. Simultaneously, a magnetic field generating mechanism 32 covers and reinforces the flow channel outlet to the tertiary intake area, specifically targeting the homogenized cavitation bubble group. By applying a magnetic field to charged ions in a gas-liquid two-phase flow, the morphology and spatial distribution of cavitation bubbles can be further controlled, enabling them to release more concentrated and efficient energy in the subsequent collapse stage. This achieves a synergistic match between the magnetic field and hydraulic cavitation, resulting in a more stable treatment effect.

[0029] Reference Figure 4 As shown, the conical cavitation mechanism 31 further includes a conical body 311 and several toothed rings 312. Multiple toothed rings 312 are coaxially connected to the conical surface of the conical body 311, arranged sequentially and at intervals along its axial direction. The top contours of the multiple toothed rings 312 together form a shape along the axial direction of the cavitation channel 11. The surface exhibits a sinusoidal waveform change. Specifically, the shape of the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation channel matches the shape of the conical cavitation mechanism 31, and there is a certain gap between its inner wall and the outer surface of the conical cavitation mechanism 31, thereby forming the aforementioned enhanced flow channel. Specifically, when the gas-liquid mixture carrying the large-volume cavitation bubbles in the development stage flows through the conical cavitation mechanism 31, it is guided by the sinusoidal waveform profile, and the flow field generates periodic axial pulsations. At the same time, the conical structure exerts a high-frequency shearing effect on the gas-liquid mixture. Under the dual action of the pulsating flow field and shearing force, the large-volume cavitation bubbles break into uniformly sized micro-cavitation bubbles, and form an ordered axial motion under the guidance of the sinusoidal flow channel.

[0030] Reference Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, it further includes a dispersion unit 4, which includes a base 41 and an impeller 42. The base 41 is coaxially disposed in the expansion section 113 of the primary cavitation channel and its slot end faces the side close to the intermediate cavitation channel. The base 41 has a circular slot structure. Several tangential through holes 411 arranged in a circular array around its circumference are opened on the side of the base 41. The axis of the tangential through holes 411 forms an angle α of 30°-60° with the radial line of the base 41. An impeller shaft 43 is coaxially disposed at the center of the bottom surface inside the base 41. The impeller 42 includes a base plate 421 and multiple crescent-shaped blades 422. A central through-hole is coaxially formed on the base plate 421. The base plate 421 is rotatably connected to the impeller shaft 43 via a bearing coaxially arranged in the central through-hole. Multiple blades 422 are arranged in a ring array around the central through-hole on one side of the base plate 421, ensuring uniform fluid distribution among the blades 422 and optimizing gas-liquid mixing efficiency. The concave side of each blade 422 faces the tangential through-hole 411 and is arranged at the same tilt angle as the tangential through-hole 411. It is conceivable that the crescent-shaped blades 422 help improve hydrodynamic performance, enabling the impeller 42 to more effectively absorb and disperse energy in the water flow. The tilted arrangement of the tangential through-hole 411 and the blades 422 allows the blades 422 to receive the water flow impact from the tangential through-hole 411 in an optimal manner, thereby maximizing energy conversion efficiency. When clean water enters the base 41 through the tangential through-hole 411, the kinetic energy of the water flow is absorbed by the blades 422 and converted into the rotational kinetic energy of the impeller. Preferably, there are 10 blades in total, which balance the flow rate and keep the impeller 42 under uniform force, fully absorbing the impact force brought by the clean water.

[0031] Specifically, during operation, clean water from the clean water tank enters through the input end of the multi-stage cavitation unit 1. Under pressure, the industrially difficult-to-degrade clean water enters tangentially through the tangential through-hole 411 of the base 41, impacting the impeller 42 and causing it to rotate. The rotation of the impeller 42 dissipates the impact kinetic energy generated by the clean water, while the stirring action of the impeller 42 ensures thorough mixing of the gas and water. The rotation of the impeller 42 also produces a certain cavitation effect, dispersing large bubbles in the clean water into tiny bubbles and ensuring their uniform distribution within the clean water, increasing the contact area between the gas and the clean water, and improving the degradation effect of subsequent hydraulic cavitation. Furthermore, by setting a conical cavitation mechanism 31 in the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation channel, its sinusoidally wave-shaped surface generates periodic pulsating disturbances and high-frequency shearing action on the flowing gas-liquid mixture, breaking the large-volume cavitation bubbles in the development stage into uniformly sized tiny cavitation bubbles. This solves the problems of inconsistent cavitation bubble size and dispersed collapse energy in traditional cavitation processes, improving the utilization efficiency of cavitation energy. Meanwhile, by setting the coverage area of ​​the magnetic field generating mechanism 32 to extend from the outlet of the enhanced flow channel to the third-stage air inlet 23, which precisely corresponds to the transition stage from the breakup of the cavitation bubble to its collapse, precise control over the morphology and distribution of the cavitation bubble is achieved. The intervention of the magnetic field at this stage can directionally constrain the newly broken micro cavitation bubbles, making them more orderly and evenly distributed, thereby releasing more concentrated and intense energy in the subsequent collapse stage.

[0032] Reference Figure 5 As shown, the magnetic field generating mechanism 32 further includes multiple support members 321 and excitation coils 322. The multiple support members 321 are arranged in a ring array around the expansion section 113 of the intermediate cavitation channel, and each support member 321 is wound with an excitation coil 322 with the same number of turns. Specifically, the multiple support members 321 are connected to a ring-shaped or cylindrical base, which is coaxially positioned outside the expansion section 113 of the intermediate cavitation channel. The multiple support members 321 are arranged in a circumferential ring array around the base, and each support member 321 is uniformly wound with an excitation coil 322 with the same number of turns, thereby generating a magnetic field that uniformly covers the cavitation channel. The magnetic field coverage area is the channel region from the conical cavitation mechanism to the third-stage air intake. The magnetic field strength is set to a constant gradient of 0.9-1.2T, and the magnetic field direction is parallel to the fluid flow direction. The cavitation bubbles are directionally constrained and controlled by the Lorentz force.

[0033] Furthermore, the control unit 3 also includes a magnetic field monitoring module and a timing control module. The magnetic field monitoring module monitors the magnetic field strength, while the timing control module controls the opening and closing of the magnetic field generating mechanism, as well as the opening and duration of the first-stage air intake 21, the second-stage air intake 22, and the third-stage air intake 23. Specifically, the timing control module ensures that the magnetic field is only in the active state when the uniform, tiny cavitation bubbles broken by the conical cavitation mechanism 31 flow through the magnetic field coverage area. If it opens too early, the magnetic field acts on the large bubbles that have not yet broken, reducing its effectiveness; if it opens too late, the bubbles have already flowed past the control area, rendering the magnetic field ineffective. The timing control achieves precise delivery of magnetic field energy in time and space. The magnetic field monitoring module detects the magnetic field strength in real time. When the detected magnetic field strength is lower than the set threshold, the control system automatically increases the excitation current to compensate for the magnetic field attenuation caused by temperature rise, ensuring a constant magnetic field strength. This constant field strength control guarantees the long-term stability of the treatment effect and avoids the problem of decreased treatment effect after the equipment "warms up." Specifically, the magnetic field generating mechanism 32 works in conjunction with the conical cavitation mechanism 31. Its start-up time is delayed by 5 to 10 seconds relative to the secondary air inlet and by 15 to 25 seconds relative to the primary air inlet. This allows the large-volume cavitation bubbles formed by the secondary air inlet to be fully broken into tiny cavitation bubbles after flowing through the conical cavitation mechanism 31 before entering the magnetic field control area. This avoids the magnetic field acting on the large-volume cavitation bubbles too early, which would lead to a decrease in control efficiency.

[0034] Furthermore, the contraction section 111 includes a first pipe and a second pipe coaxially connected, with the inner diameter of the first pipe being larger than that of the second pipe. The expansion section 113 includes a third pipe and a fourth pipe coaxially connected, with the inner diameter of the third pipe being smaller than that of the fourth pipe. The throat section 112 includes a fifth pipe, with the inner diameter of the fifth pipe being the same as that of the second and third pipes, and both ends of the fifth pipe being coaxially connected to the second and third pipes, respectively. Specifically, in actual manufacturing, to further reduce processing difficulty and assembly costs while ensuring coaxiality accuracy, the three pipes with the same inner diameter—the second pipe (contraction section), the fifth pipe (throat), and the third pipe (expansion section)—can be optimized from a separate structure into a single long straight pipe. This reduces production difficulty and costs while maintaining the original structure.

[0035] Furthermore, the inner wall of the cavitation channel 11 is coated with an insulating and wear-resistant coating to improve the wear resistance of the inner wall of the channel and extend the service life of the device. The coating material can be polyvinylidene fluoride resin, and the coating thickness can be set to 0.1mm-0.2mm.

[0036] Furthermore, the first-stage air inlet 21 is set at an angle of 30°-60° to the axis of the cavitation channel 11, and the inlet pressure of the first-stage air inlet 21 is 0.02MPa-0.04MPa higher than the fluid pressure in the contraction section 111 of the primary cavitation channel. This angled arrangement ensures that the ozone gas is not injected at a single point, but rather enters the main fluid in a fan-shaped diffusion manner. Combined with the gentle injection under slight positive pressure, the gas is uniformly torn into countless tiny gas nuclei by the high-speed fluid upon entry and rapidly dispersed throughout the entire channel cross-section.

[0037] Example 2, refer to Figure 9 As shown, based on Example 1, this invention also discloses a multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation system, which uses the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device A as described in Example 1 to prepare ozone activated water, and further includes... Liquid inlet assembly B includes a clear water tank B1, a centrifugal pump B2, an air pump B3, and a venturi tube B4. The input end of the centrifugal pump B2 is connected to the clear water tank B1. The input end of the venturi tube B4 is connected to the output ends of the centrifugal pump B2 and the air pump B3 respectively. The output end of the venturi tube B4 is connected to the input end of the primary cavitation channel. The drain assembly C includes an activated water storage tank C1, which is connected to the output end of the final stage cavitation flow channel.

[0038] Specifically, the liquid inlet component B and the liquid outlet component C together constitute the external support system of this invention, seamlessly connecting the core multi-stage cavitation device with the actual engineering application scenario: the liquid inlet component B extracts clean water from the clean water tank B1 through the centrifugal pump B2 and provides power to the system, while the air pump B3 injects gas. The two converge in the venturi tube B4, and the low-pressure zone at the throat of the venturi tube B4 tears the gas into micron-sized bubbles, forming a gas-liquid two-phase mixed flow rich in gas nuclei. This is equivalent to completing a "pre-cavitation" treatment before the main reactor, providing excellent initial conditions for the subsequent multi-stage cavitation unit 1. The pre-mixed fluid then enters the multi-stage cavitation unit 1 for deep treatment, and the finally qualified water is discharged into the activated water storage tank C1 for collection. The ingenuity of this design lies in its construction of a dual-enhancement system of "pre-cavitation + main cavitation"—the Venturi tube B4 is responsible for efficiently and with low energy consumption to prepare a large number of uniform microbubbles, solving the problem of "nucleation from zero" in the main reactor, while the multi-stage cavitation unit 1 focuses on the in-depth processing of these microbubbles through "growth-regulation-collapse". The two complement each other and are functionally complementary.

[0039] Example 3, refer to Figure 10 As shown in Example 2, the present invention also discloses a method for preparing activated water by multi-stage ozone cavitation, which prepares ozone activated water using the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation system as described in Example 2, including the following steps; Step S1: Turn on air pump B3 to introduce air into the system and drain any remaining water inside. Step S2: Turn on centrifugal pump B2 to pump the clean water in clean water tank B1 into venturi tube B4, so that the clean water and air are initially mixed in venturi tube B4 to form clean water with microbubbles, and then enter the primary cavitation flow channel. Step S3: After the clean water containing microbubbles enters the multi-stage cavitation channel 11, a trace amount of ozone is introduced into the primary air inlet 21 to replenish the initial gas nuclei, triggering cavitation initiation in the contraction section of the primary cavitation channel and forming a gas-liquid mixture; the gas-liquid mixture flows from the tangential through hole 411 of the base of the dispersion unit 4 to the blades 422 of the impeller 42, driving the impeller 42 to rotate, further dispersing the microbubbles and making them evenly distributed; Step S4: When the gas-liquid mixture flows through the intermediate cavitation channel, the secondary air inlet 22 is activated, introducing ozone by self-absorption to promote the rapid growth of cavitation bubbles; then the gas-liquid mixture flows through the conical cavitation mechanism 31, and under the pulsating flow field guided by the sine wave profile and the shearing action of the conical teeth, the cavitation bubbles break into uniform micro cavitation bubbles; then the magnetic field generating mechanism 32 is activated, and the generated magnetic field acts on the homogenized micro cavitation bubble group to regulate the morphology and distribution of the cavitation bubbles; then ozone is introduced through the tertiary air inlet 23, triggering cavitation collapse in the expansion section of the final cavitation channel, generating a local high-temperature and high-pressure micro-region; under the action of cavitation heat effect, water molecules pyrolyze, and ozone decomposes to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and other active oxygen species, forming ozone-activated water with high oxidation activity; Step S6: Output activated water. The prepared ozone-activated water is output to the activated water storage tank for storage.

[0040] This multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation method sequentially arranges the hardware structure described above according to the full life cycle of cavitation bubbles—nucleation, growth, regulation, and collapse—achieving deep coupling of physical and chemical energy. First, pre-mixing via the S1 venting system and the S2 venturi tube provides clean starting conditions and microbubble-rich raw materials for subsequent processing. After entering the primary cavitation channel, a small amount of ozone is injected in S3 to trigger cavitation initiation, while the dispersion unit 4 uses the fluid's own energy to drive the impeller 42 to rotate, further dispersing and evenly distributing the bubbles. Subsequently, in the core regulation stage of S4, a large amount of secondary ozone is drawn into the low-pressure area of ​​the throat for cavitation. The bubble is encapsulated within itself. The conical cavitation mechanism 31 uses the pulsating flow field and shear force on the sinusoidal surface to force bubbles of different sizes to break them into uniform sizes. The magnetic field generating mechanism 32 immediately applies radial constraint and morphological stabilization to the homogenized bubble group to prevent them from re-merging and potentially polarizing and activating the molecules. The three-stage air intake replenishes fresh ozone before collapse. Finally, the pressure surge in the final expansion stage triggers the synchronous collapse of the cavitation bubbles, releasing local high temperature and high pressure to stimulate ozone decomposition and generate hydroxyl radicals. Finally, S5 stores the prepared activated water, and the performance parameters of the activated water can be controlled by adjusting the air intake, magnetic field strength, and fluid flow rate.

[0041] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation device, characterized in that: include, A multi-stage cavitation unit includes at least three sets of coaxially connected cavitation channels. Each set of cavitation channels includes a contraction section, a throat section, and an expansion section that are coaxially connected in sequence along the fluid flow direction, forming a continuous flow channel configuration of "contraction-throat-expansion". The three sets of cavitation channels are a primary cavitation channel, an intermediate cavitation channel, and a final cavitation channel, respectively. An intake unit includes a first-stage intake, a second-stage intake, and a third-stage intake. The output end of the first-stage intake is connected to the constriction section of the primary cavitation channel, the output end of the second-stage intake is connected to the throat section of the intermediate cavitation channel, and the output end of the third-stage intake is connected to the throat section of the final cavitation channel. The control unit includes a conical cavitation mechanism and a magnetic field generating mechanism. The conical cavitation mechanism is disposed within the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation flow channel. The conical cavitation mechanism includes a... The surface with a sinusoidal waveform changes, and a reinforced flow channel is formed between it and the inner wall of the expansion section to agitate and shear the fluid; the magnetic field generating mechanism is located outside the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation flow channel, and its magnetic field coverage range covers at least the flow channel area from the outlet end of the reinforced flow channel to the third-stage air inlet.

2. The activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical cavitation mechanism includes a conical body and several toothed rings. Multiple toothed rings are coaxially connected to the conical surface of the conical body, arranged sequentially and at intervals along its axial direction. The top contours of the multiple toothed rings together form a shape along the axial direction of the cavitation channel. A surface that changes in a sinusoidal waveform.

3. The activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a dispersion unit, which comprises a base and an impeller. The base is coaxially disposed within the expansion section of the primary cavitation channel with its slot end facing the side closer to the intermediate cavitation channel. The base has a circular slot structure, and several tangential through holes arranged in a circular array around its circumference are provided on the side of the base. The axis of the tangential through holes forms a predetermined angle with the radial line of the base. The impeller is rotatably connected to the circular slot of the base. The impeller includes multiple crescent-shaped blades, with the concave side of each blade facing the side of the tangential through hole and arranged at the same inclination angle as the tangential through hole.

4. The activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic field generating mechanism includes multiple support members and excitation coils. The multiple support members are arranged in a ring array around the expansion section of the intermediate cavitation channel, and each support member is wound with the excitation coil with the same number of turns.

5. The activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit also includes a magnetic field monitoring module and a timing control module. The magnetic field monitoring module is used to monitor the magnetic field strength, and the timing control module is used to control the opening and closing of the magnetic field generating mechanism, as well as the opening and duration of the first-stage, second-stage, and third-stage air intake components.

6. The activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contraction section includes a first pipe and a second pipe coaxially connected, and the inner diameter of the first pipe is larger than the inner diameter of the second pipe. The expansion section includes a third pipe and a fourth pipe coaxially connected, and the inner diameter of the third pipe is smaller than the inner diameter of the fourth pipe. The throat section includes a fifth pipe, and the inner diameter of the fifth pipe is the same as the inner diameter of the second pipe and the third pipe. Both ends of the fifth pipe are coaxially connected to the second pipe and the third pipe, respectively.

7. The activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner walls of the cavitation channels are all coated with an insulating and wear-resistant coating.

8. The activated water preparation device with multi-stage ozone cavitation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first-stage air intake is set at an angle of 30°-60° to the axis of the cavitation channel, and the air intake pressure of the first-stage air intake is 0.02MPa-0.04MPa higher than the fluid pressure in the contraction section of the primary cavitation channel.

9. A multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation system, comprising preparing ozone-activated water using the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation apparatus as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It also includes, The liquid inlet assembly includes a clear water tank, a centrifugal pump, an air pump, and a venturi tube. The input end of the centrifugal pump is connected to the clear water tank, the input end of the venturi tube is connected to the output ends of the centrifugal pump and the air pump respectively, and the output end of the venturi tube is connected to the input end of the primary cavitation channel. The drain assembly includes an activated water storage tank connected to the output end of the final stage cavitation channel.

10. A method for preparing activated water using multi-stage ozone cavitation, comprising preparing ozone-activated water using the multi-stage ozone cavitation activated water preparation system as described in claim 9, characterized in that: Includes the following steps; Step S1: Turn on the air pump to introduce air into the system and drain any remaining water inside. Step S2: Turn on the centrifugal pump to pump the clean water in the clean water tank into the venturi tube, so that the clean water and air are initially mixed in the venturi tube to form clean water with microbubbles, and then enter the primary cavitation flow channel. Step S3: After the clean water with microbubbles enters the multi-stage cavitation channel, a small amount of ozone is introduced through the first-stage air inlet to replenish the initial gas nuclei, triggering cavitation initiation in the contraction section of the primary cavitation channel and forming a gas-liquid mixture. Step S4: When the gas-liquid mixture flows through the intermediate cavitation channel, the secondary air inlet is activated, and ozone is introduced by self-priming to promote the rapid growth of cavitation bubbles. Subsequently, the gas-liquid mixture flows through the conical cavitation mechanism, and under the pulsating flow field guided by the sine wave profile and the shearing action of the conical teeth, the cavitation bubbles are broken into uniform micro cavitation bubbles. Then, the magnetic field generating mechanism is activated, and the generated magnetic field acts on the homogenized micro cavitation bubble group to regulate the morphology and distribution of the cavitation bubbles. Ozone is then introduced through the tertiary air inlet, which triggers cavitation collapse in the expansion section of the final cavitation channel, generating a local high-temperature and high-pressure micro-region. Under the action of cavitation heat effect, ozone decomposes to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH) and other active oxygen species, forming ozone-activated water with high oxidation activity. Step S5: Output activated water. The prepared ozone-activated water is output to the activated water storage tank for storage.

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