Internal combustion engine exhaust gas turbocharger

Abstract

This invention, entitled "Exhaust Gas Turbocharger for Internal Combustion Engines," relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger used in internal combustion engines. It primarily addresses the problems of current turbochargers, such as low impeller speeds, small exhaust volume, and exhaust gas flow limited to a predetermined path within the exhaust pipe. The turbocharger of this invention comprises two turbines connected by a shaft. An exhaust gas inlet is located on the exhaust turbine, and an air outlet is located on the intake turbine. Its key feature is that the impellers of the exhaust and intake turbines are centrifugal exhaust gas impellers and centrifugal air impellers, respectively. The exhaust gas discharge pipe connected to the intake is a circular pipe with the same inner diameter, and an exhaust gas baffle is installed between the outlet of the exhaust gas discharge pipe and the exhaust gas inlet. When the internal combustion engine operates at maximum power, the impeller speed is high, the exhaust gas inlet is equipped with an exhaust gas baffle, and the area of ​​the exhaust pipe is the same as the area of ​​the exhaust gas inlet, resulting in a larger exhaust gas discharge area and increased exhaust gas volume.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger for an internal combustion engine, specifically an exhaust gas turbocharger for use in an internal combustion engine. Background Technology

[0002] Modern internal combustion engines use two types of exhaust gas turbochargers: mechanical turbochargers and turbochargers. Modern turbochargers include... Figure 1 , 5 As shown, the wheel shaft 3 is fixed in the middle of the volutes of the two turbines 1 and 17 by bearings, screws, and gaskets. The impellers 2 and 18 of the two turbines 1 and 17 are fixed to the wheel shaft 3 by screws and gaskets through the central pin hole. The volutes of the turbines 1 and 17 are fixed to the top of the internal combustion engine by screws. The impeller 2 is an axial flow impeller, and the impeller 18 is a centrifugal impeller. The impeller 2 is provided with an exhaust gas inlet 4, which is connected to the air intake pipe of the internal combustion engine. The turbine 17 is provided with an air outlet. The disadvantage of this turbine is that the impeller 2 is an axial flow impeller. When the internal combustion engine is working at maximum power, the exhaust gas drives the impeller 2 to rotate. Since the rotation speed of the axial flow impeller is relatively low, the outlet of the exhaust pipe is smaller than the exhaust pipe, so the exhaust volume is small, and the exhaust gas can only flow according to the channel specified by the exhaust pipe. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the above-mentioned shortcomings by providing an internal combustion engine exhaust gas turbocharger with high turbine speed, large exhaust gas discharge area, large exhaust volume, and the ability for exhaust gas to flow counterclockwise in the exhaust pipe.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a turbocharger includes two turbines connected by a shaft, an exhaust gas inlet is provided on the exhaust turbine, and an air outlet is provided on the intake turbine. The turbocharger is characterized in that: the impellers of the exhaust and intake turbines are centrifugal exhaust gas impellers and centrifugal air impellers, respectively; the exhaust gas discharge pipe connected to the intake is a circular pipe with the same inner diameter; and an exhaust gas baffle is provided between the outlet of the exhaust gas discharge pipe and the exhaust gas inlet.

[0005] The exhaust turbine of the present invention has a centrifugal impeller exhaust outlet with a diameter smaller than that of the exhaust outlet inside the exhaust outlet.

[0006] The air inlet of the intake turbine described in the technical solution of the present invention is provided with a centrifugal impeller air inlet smaller than the diameter of the air inlet.

[0007] The exhaust gas turbocharger of this invention features two centrifugal impellers. When the internal combustion engine operates at maximum power, the exhaust gas drives the centrifugal impellers to a higher rotational speed than the impellers in current turbochargers. A baffle is installed inside the exhaust pipe, allowing the exhaust gas to rotate counter-clockwise within the pipe. The exhaust pipe narrows from the exhaust inlet, forming a circle. The area of ​​the exhaust pipe is the same as the area of ​​the exhaust inlet, allowing for a larger exhaust area and increasing the exhaust volume. Attached Figure Description

[0008] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of an existing turbine.

[0009] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the centrifugal turbine of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Right sectional view.

[0011] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 View of the middle impeller 5.

[0012] Figure 5 yes Figure 1 Right sectional view. Detailed Implementation

[0013] like Figure 2 , 3As shown in Figure 4, the turbocharger of the present invention consists of an exhaust turbine 1 and an intake turbine 11. A shaft 3 is fixed to the middle of the volutes of the two turbines 1 and 11 via bearings and screws. The impeller of the exhaust turbine 1 is a centrifugal exhaust impeller 5, and the impeller of the intake turbine 11 is a centrifugal air impeller 13. The centrifugal exhaust impeller 5 and the centrifugal air impeller 13 are respectively fixed on the shaft 3. When the centrifugal exhaust impeller 5 rotates, it can drive the centrifugal air impeller 13 to rotate together. An exhaust gas inlet 4 is provided on the exhaust turbine 1, and an air outlet 16 is provided on the intake turbine 11. The exhaust gas inlet 4 is located at the inlet of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6, which is located outside the circumference of the centrifugal exhaust impeller 5. The exhaust gas discharge pipe 6 is a circular pipe with the same inner diameter. An exhaust gas baffle 8 is provided at the inlet of the exhaust gas inlet 4 and the outlet of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6. That is, an exhaust gas baffle 8 is provided between the outlet of the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6 and the exhaust gas inlet 4. The function of the exhaust gas baffle 8 is... The exhaust gas is allowed to flow counterclockwise only within the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6. The exhaust gas baffle 8 is one millimeter away from the centrifugal exhaust gas impeller 5. The left, right, and rear sides of the exhaust gas baffle 8 are fixed inside the exhaust gas inlet 4 with screws and sealing gaskets. The centrifugal exhaust gas impeller 5 has a centrifugal impeller exhaust gas inlet 7 inside. Inside the exhaust gas outlet 9 of the turbine 1, there is a centrifugal impeller exhaust gas outlet 10 with a diameter smaller than that of the exhaust gas outlet 9. The function of the centrifugal impeller exhaust gas outlet 10 is to reduce the leakage of exhaust gas. Inside the intake turbine 11, there is a centrifugal impeller compressed air outlet 12. Inside the air inlet 15 of the centrifugal air impeller 13, there is a centrifugal impeller air inlet 14 with a diameter smaller than that of the air inlet 15. The function of the centrifugal impeller air inlet 14 is to reduce the leakage of air. The intake turbine 11 has a compressed air outlet 16, which is connected to a pipe at one end of the intercooler by screws and sealing gaskets.

[0014] Work process Connect the exhaust gas inlet 4 on the exhaust turbine 1 to the exhaust port of the internal combustion engine. Connect the compressed air outlet 16 on the intake turbine 11 to one end of the intercooler. After starting the internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe of the internal combustion engine enters the exhaust gas inlet 4 through the pipe, and then enters the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6. Figure 2The exhaust gas baffle 8 inside the exhaust gas inlet 4 allows the exhaust gas to flow counterclockwise only within the exhaust gas discharge pipe 6. The exhaust gas then enters the centrifugal impeller exhaust gas inlet 7, driving the centrifugal impeller 5 to rotate. The exhaust gas is then discharged from the centrifugal impeller exhaust gas outlet 10 in the middle of the centrifugal impeller 5, and then enters the exhaust gas outlet 9 in the exhaust turbine 1, passing through a pipe and exiting through the muffler pipe of the internal combustion engine. The centrifugal impeller 5 has a central opening, connecting to the left end of the shaft 3. The right end of the shaft 3 is connected to the central opening of the centrifugal air impeller 13, causing the centrifugal air impeller 13 to rotate along with the shaft 3. Fresh air passes through an air filter and enters the air inlet 15 through a pipe. The fresh air then enters the centrifugal impeller air inlet 14 and the centrifugal air impeller 13. After being rotated and thrown out by the centrifugal impeller compressor outlet 12, the fresh air enters the compressed air outlet 16. After being cooled by the intercooler through a pipe, the fresh air enters the internal combustion engine through a pipe to participate in combustion.

Claims

1. An internal combustion engine exhaust gas turbocharger, comprising two turbines connected by a shaft (3), an exhaust gas inlet (4) on an exhaust turbine (1), and an air outlet (16) on an intake turbine (11), characterized in that: The exhaust and intake turbines (1, 11) of the turbocharger have centrifugal exhaust impeller (5) and centrifugal air impeller (13) respectively. The exhaust pipe (6) connected to the intake port (4) is a round pipe with the same inner diameter. An exhaust baffle (8) is provided between the outlet of the exhaust pipe (6) and the exhaust inlet (4).

2. The internal combustion engine exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust turbine (1) has a centrifugal impeller exhaust outlet (10) with a diameter smaller than that of the exhaust outlet (9) inside the exhaust outlet (9).

3. The internal combustion engine exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet (15) of the air turbine (11) is provided with a centrifugal impeller air inlet (14) smaller than the diameter of the air inlet (15).

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