A measuring tool and method for measuring the fillet radius of a welding joint between a turbine blade and an upper crown or lower ring

Abstract

A kind of measuring tool and method of turbine blade and upper crown or lower ring welding fillet radius belong to nondestructive testing technical field.The present application includes first L-shaped support frame,second L-shaped support frame,concave slider,circular arc fixed plate,bendable round pipe,slider locking mechanism,concave slider axle pin,scale line and axle pin center mark line.The present application aims at solving the key problems existing in prior art: at present,for the radius and smoothness measurement of turbine blade and upper crown or lower ring welding fillet,there is lack of special measuring tool,which leads to difficult guaranteeing measurement accuracy,only can be roughly judged the qualifiedness of welding fillet by visual observation in actual detection,can not accurately obtain its actual radius size and surface smoothness data.Therefore,above-mentioned special measuring tool and corresponding use method are provided,efficient and accurate measurement of the welding fillet radius and smoothness is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a measuring tool and method for measuring the radius of the weld fillet between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring, belonging to the field of non-destructive testing technology. Background Technology

[0002] As a core component for the stable operation of various hydro turbines, the turbine blade's core function is to efficiently convert water energy into mechanical energy. According to historical operation and maintenance data, cracks in the turbine runner are not uncommon. During unit operation, the blades are subjected to complex and variable stresses, making typical areas prone to cracking. The weld fillet areas between the blade and the upper crown or lower ring are particularly prone to cracking. Therefore, accurate measurement of the radius and smoothness of the weld fillet areas is crucial. Currently, there is a lack of specialized measuring tools for measuring the radius and smoothness of the weld fillet areas between turbine blades and the upper crown or lower ring, making it difficult to guarantee welding accuracy. In actual inspections, the passability of the weld fillet can only be roughly judged by visual observation, making it impossible to accurately obtain its actual radius and surface smoothness data.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose a measuring tool and method for the radius of the weld fillet between turbine blades and the upper crown or lower ring to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that existing technologies lack dedicated measuring tools for the welded fillet areas between turbine blades and the upper or lower crown or ring. These technologies rely solely on visual assessment and cannot simultaneously and quickly and accurately measure both the radius and surface smoothness. A brief overview of this invention is provided below to offer a basic understanding of certain aspects of the invention. It should be understood that this overview is not an exhaustive summary of the invention. It is not intended to identify key or essential parts of the invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention:

[0006] Option 1: A measuring tool for the radius of the weld fillet between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring, comprising a first L-shaped support frame, a second L-shaped support frame, a concave slider, an arc-shaped fixing plate, a flexible circular tube, a concave slider pin, and graduation lines. The concave slider consists of two pieces, hinged back-to-back by the concave slider pin. The first and second L-shaped support frames are respectively mounted on the two concave sliders. The arc-shaped fixing plate is positioned between the two concave sliders. The concave slider has a semi-rounded rectangular hole for sliding the shaft pin. The lower ends of the first L-shaped support frame, the second L-shaped support frame, and the two arc-shaped fixing plates are all provided with through holes. The flexible circular tube passes through the through holes of the second L-shaped support frame, the two arc-shaped fixing plates, and the first L-shaped support frame in sequence, and can form a regular circular curve when the first L-shaped support frame, the second L-shaped support frame, and the arc-shaped fixing plates are opened. The surface of the first L-shaped support frame is provided with scale lines, and the center mark line of the shaft pin is marked on the concave slider.

[0007] Preferably, at least two arc-shaped fixing plates are provided.

[0008] Preferably, it also includes a slider locking mechanism, which is used to lock the concave slider to the corresponding first L-shaped support frame or second L-shaped support frame during measurement.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the flexible circular tube is fixed on the second L-shaped support frame, and the other end passes through the through holes of the arc-shaped fixing plate and the first L-shaped support frame in sequence.

[0010] Option 2: A method for measuring the fillet radius of the weld between a turbine blade and its upper or lower crown or ring, based on the measuring tool described in Option 1, includes the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Move the two concave sliders to adjust them to the estimated welding fillet radius range, and lock and fix the concave sliders to the first L-shaped support frame and the second L-shaped support frame respectively through the slider locking mechanism;

[0012] Step 2: Open the first L-shaped support frame and the second L-shaped support frame to the appropriate angle, and adjust the two arc-shaped fixing plates symmetrically to the evenly distributed position between the two support frames, so that the bendable tube forms a regular circular curve;

[0013] Step 3: Make the lower plane of the first L-shaped support frame parallel to the reference plane of the upper crown or lower ring, and make the lower plane of the second L-shaped support frame parallel to the reference plane of the blade.

[0014] Step 4: Fine-tune the opening angle of the first L-shaped support frame and the second L-shaped support frame and the relative position of the two concave sliders so that the lower plane of the first L-shaped support frame is in close contact with the upper crown or lower ring surface, and the lower plane of the second L-shaped support frame is in close contact with the blade surface.

[0015] Step 5: Align the center mark line of the pivot pin with the scale line on the surface of the first L-shaped support frame, and read the actual radius of the weld fillet;

[0016] Step Six: Keeping the device in place, move the measuring tool in parallel to complete the radius detection at different positions of the same weld fillet.

[0017] Preferably, step five further includes judging whether the smoothness of the welded round corner is qualified by observing the degree of fit between the flexible round tube and the welded round corner surface.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. This invention achieves integrated measurement of blade welding fillet radius and smoothness, significantly improving the professionalism and reliability of the inspection;

[0020] 2. This invention, through the combination of scale lines and marking lines, allows for direct and accurate reading of the fillet radius value, solving the problem of inaccurate traditional visual judgment;

[0021] 3. The present invention has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can adapt to the measurement of fillets of different sizes and positions, and greatly improves the efficiency of on-site inspection.

[0022] 4. The combined use of the bendable round tube and the arc fixing plate of the present invention can intuitively reflect the smoothness of the welded fillet, assist in judging the forming quality, and provide a reliable basis for the optimization of welding process and quality assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional diagram of a measuring tool for the radius of fillet welded between a turbine blade and its upper or lower crown or ring.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the unfolded state of a measuring tool for measuring the radius of the fillet welded between a turbine blade and its upper or lower crown.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the closed state of a measuring tool for measuring the radius of the fillet welded between a turbine blade and its upper or lower crown.

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A;

[0027] Figure 5 These are structural schematic diagrams of the first L-shaped support frame and the second L-shaped support frame;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped fixing plate of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the concave slider of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the concave slider pin of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure, 1-first L-shaped support frame, 2-second L-shaped support frame, 3-concave slider, 4-arc fixing plate, 5-flexible round tube, 6-slider locking mechanism, 7-concave slider pin, 8-scale line, 9-pin center mark line. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention is described below with reference to specific embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0033] Specific implementation method one: Combining Figures 1-8 This embodiment describes a measuring tool for the radius of the weld fillet between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring. It aims to address the problem in the prior art of lacking dedicated tools that prevent rapid and accurate integrated detection of the radius and smoothness of the weld fillet of turbine blades. The tool includes a first L-shaped support frame 1, a second L-shaped support frame 2, a concave slider 3, an arc-shaped fixing plate 4, a flexible circular tube 5, a slider locking mechanism 6, a concave slider pin 7, a scale line 8, and a pin center mark line 9.

[0034] The number of concave sliders 3 is two. The two concave sliders 3 are hinged together back to back by a concave slider pin 7, allowing them to rotate relative to each other around the concave slider pin 7. On the side of each concave slider 3, preferably near the shaft hole, a center mark line 9 of the pin is marked. This mark line is used to align the reading with the scale during measurement.

[0035] The first L-shaped support frame 1 and the second L-shaped support frame 2 are respectively fixedly assembled on two corresponding concave sliders 3. Specifically, each concave slider 3 is provided with the slider locking mechanism 6. The slider locking mechanism 6 can adopt common mechanical locking methods such as bolt tightening or pin locking. Its function is to lock the concave slider 3 relative to the first L-shaped support frame 1 or the second L-shaped support frame 2 installed on it after the support frame position is adjusted, so as to prevent the slider from shifting due to force during the measurement process and ensure the stability of the measurement reference.

[0036] At least two arc-shaped fixing plates 4 are arranged parallel to each other between two concave sliders 3. Each arc-shaped fixing plate 4 has a semi-rounded rectangular hole at its center. The concave slider pin 7 passes through the shaft holes of both concave sliders 3 and the semi-rounded rectangular holes at the center of all arc-shaped fixing plates 4. This design allows the two concave sliders 3 to slide relative to each other along the semi-rounded rectangular holes on the arc-shaped fixing plates 4, while the position of the arc-shaped fixing plates 4 themselves can also be adjusted. By synchronously adjusting the positions of the concave sliders 3 and the arc-shaped fixing plates 4, it can be ensured that the first L-shaped support frame 1, the second L-shaped support frame 2, and the arc-shaped fixing plate 4 in the middle together form a continuous arc-shaped guide reference with a consistent radius.

[0037] The lower end of the first L-shaped support frame 1 is a flat end for fitting the workpiece reference surface. The lower ends of the first L-shaped support frame 1, the second L-shaped support frame 2, and all the lower ends of the arc-shaped fixing plates 4 are precisely machined and assembled to ensure that they are in the same theoretical plane, i.e., "coplanar". At the aforementioned coplanar ends, the first L-shaped support frame 1, the second L-shaped support frame 2, and each arc-shaped fixing plate 4 are provided with a circular through hole, and the central axes of these through holes are also coplanar and aligned.

[0038] The flexible cylindrical tube 5 is inserted through all the aforementioned through holes. Specifically, one end of the flexible cylindrical tube 5 is fixedly connected to the through hole of the second L-shaped support frame 2, and the other end passes sequentially through the through holes of all the arc-shaped fixing plates 4, finally exiting through the through hole of the first L-shaped support frame 1. The flexible cylindrical tube 5 is made of a material with a certain degree of flexibility but capable of maintaining shape memory, such as a thin-walled metal flexible tube or a specific plastic tube.

[0039] When the first L-shaped support frame 1, the second L-shaped support frame 2, and the intermediate arc-shaped fixing plate 4 are adjusted to their respective positions and opened according to the angle and radius of the fillet to be measured, the flexible circular tube 5 inserted within them is forced to bend by the outer contour of these components, thus forming a regular circular curve with the same radius as the tool setting. This curve constitutes a comparison benchmark for evaluating the actual contour of the weld fillet.

[0040] The scale lines 8 are finely engraved on the side or front of the first L-shaped support frame 1. The value of the scale line 8 represents the theoretical fillet radius value set for the entire tool when the center mark line 9 of the pivot pin is aligned with it. The measurement value can be directly obtained by reading the scale indicated by the mark line 9.

[0041] In summary, the working principle of this embodiment is as follows: through the sliding and positioning mechanism of the concave slider 3 and the arc fixing plate 4, a virtual ring skeleton with a variable radius, consisting of an L-shaped support frame and a fixing plate, is steplessly adjusted and locked; using the flexible circular tube 5 that runs through it, the outline of the virtual ring is materialized into a standard circular curve; by comparing the standard curve with the actual welding radius of the workpiece and using the scale reading, the radius is quantitatively measured and the smoothness is qualitatively evaluated in one go.

[0042] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1-8 This embodiment describes a method for measuring the fillet radius of a turbine blade welded to its upper or lower crown. This method is based on the measuring tool described in Embodiment 1 for measuring the fillet radius of a turbine blade welded to its upper or lower crown. The method comprises the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Initial Pre-adjustment. Based on the design drawings or experience, estimate the radius range of the welding fillet to be measured. Move the two concave sliders 3, thereby causing the first L-shaped support frame 1 and the second L-shaped support frame 2 on them to move closer or further apart, initially adjusting the overall outline of the tool to the estimated welding fillet radius range. Then, tighten or lock the slider locking mechanism 6 on each concave slider 3 to lock and fix the concave slider 3 to the corresponding L-shaped support frame, preventing accidental changes in the radius setting during subsequent angle adjustments.

[0044] Step Two: Angle and Reference Curve Formation. Open the first L-shaped support frame 1 and the second L-shaped support frame 2 around the root of the workpiece's rounded corner until their opening angle roughly matches the angle between the blade's working surface and the upper crown / lower annular surface. Simultaneously, manually adjust the two arc-shaped fixing plates 4 located between the two support frames symmetrically to the evenly spaced middle position between the first L-shaped support frame 1 and the second L-shaped support frame 2. The purpose of this operation is to ensure that all support components are subjected to balanced force and that the flexible circular tube 5 passing through them is subjected to uniform constraint force, thereby forming a circular curve with a consistent radius and regular shape, serving as a precise comparison reference for subsequent measurements.

[0045] Step 3: Align the reference planes. Place the tool at the weld fillet to be tested. Carefully adjust the overall posture of the tool so that the lower plane of the first L-shaped support 1 is parallel to and nearly in contact with the reference plane of the upper crown or lower ring, while simultaneously ensuring that the lower plane of the second L-shaped support 2 is parallel to and nearly in contact with the reference plane of the blade surface. This step lays an important spatial posture foundation for subsequent tight bonding;

[0046] Step 4: Tight Fit and Fine Adjustment. Fine adjust the opening angle of the first L-shaped support frame 1 and the second L-shaped support frame 2, as well as the relative position of the two concave sliders 3, so that the lower plane of the first L-shaped support frame 1 is tightly fitted with the upper crown or lower ring surface, and the lower plane of the second L-shaped support frame 2 is tightly fitted with the blade surface; this step eliminates the measurement error caused by the gap between the tool and the reference surface.

[0047] Step 5: Radius Reading and Smoothness Assessment. Align the center mark line 9 of the pivot pin with the scale line 8 on the surface of the first L-shaped support frame 1 to read the actual radius of the weld fillet;

[0048] Once the tool is stably and tightly attached to the workpiece, observe the scale line 8 on the first L-shaped support frame 1 aligned with the center mark line 9 of the shaft pin on the concave slider 3, and directly read the scale value at this moment. This value is the actual radius measurement value of the welding fillet at the current measuring point.

[0049] Simultaneously, a smoothness assessment is performed: observe the fit between the curved segment of the formed bendable tube 5 on the tool and the actual welded fillet surface on the workpiece. If the welded fillet is smooth and the transition is uniform, its surface should fit tightly against the bendable tube 5, with no light-transmitting gaps or only minor local gaps; if there are unevenness, over-welding, or under-welding, obvious local gaps or interference will appear. By judging the degree of fit, the forming state and surface smoothness of the welded fillet at that location can be qualitatively assessed to determine whether they are up to standard.

[0050] Step Six: Continuous Inspection. After completing the measurement at one point, keep the device in contact with the target area and move the measuring tool in parallel to complete the radius inspection at different locations of the same weld fillet, comprehensively evaluating the consistency of the welding quality.

[0051] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be permuted and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination. Therefore, the present invention will not describe the technical solutions after permutation and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutation and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0052] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A measuring tool for the radius of the fillet welded between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring, characterized in that: The system includes a first L-shaped support frame (1), a second L-shaped support frame (2), a concave slider (3), an arc-shaped fixing plate (4), a flexible circular tube (5), a concave slider pin (7), and a scale line (8). There are two concave sliders (3), which are hinged back-to-back by the concave slider pin (7). The first L-shaped support frame (1) and the second L-shaped support frame (2) are respectively mounted on the two concave sliders (3). The arc-shaped fixing plate (4) is located between the two concave sliders (3), and the center of the arc-shaped fixing plate (4) is provided for the concave slider pin (7). The sliding semi-circular rectangular hole, the lower ends of the first L-shaped support frame (1), the second L-shaped support frame (2) and the two arc-shaped fixing plates (4) are all provided with through holes, the flexible round tube (5) passes through the through holes of the second L-shaped support frame (2), the two arc-shaped fixing plates (4) and the first L-shaped support frame (1) in sequence, and can form a regular circular curve when the first L-shaped support frame (1), the second L-shaped support frame (2) and the arc-shaped fixing plate (4) are opened, the surface of the first L-shaped support frame (1) is provided with scale lines (8), and the center marking line (9) of the shaft pin is marked on the concave slider (3).

2. The measuring tool for the fillet radius of the welded corner between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the arc-shaped fixing plates (4) are provided.

3. The measuring tool for the fillet radius of the welded corner between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a slider locking mechanism (6), which is used to lock the concave slider (3) to the corresponding first L-shaped support frame (1) or second L-shaped support frame (2) during measurement.

4. A measuring tool for the fillet radius of the welded corner between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring, as described in claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the flexible round tube (5) is fixed on the second L-shaped support frame (2), and the other end passes through the through holes of the arc fixing plate (4) and the first L-shaped support frame (1) in sequence.

5. A method for measuring the fillet radius of the weld between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring, which is based on the measuring tool for measuring the fillet radius of the weld between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring as described in claim 4, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the two concave sliders (3) to adjust to the estimated welding fillet radius range, and lock and fix the concave sliders (3) to the first L-shaped support frame (1) and the second L-shaped support frame (2) respectively through the slider locking mechanism (6); Step 2: Open the first L-shaped support frame (1) and the second L-shaped support frame (2) to the appropriate angle, and adjust the two arc fixing plates (4) symmetrically to the evenly distributed position between the two support frames so that the bendable circular tube (5) forms a regular circular curve; Step 3: Make the lower plane of the first L-shaped support frame (1) parallel to the reference plane of the upper crown or lower ring, and make the lower plane of the second L-shaped support frame (2) parallel to the reference plane of the blade; Step 4: Fine-tune the opening angle of the first L-shaped support frame (1) and the second L-shaped support frame (2) and the relative position of the two concave sliders (3) so that the lower plane of the first L-shaped support frame (1) is in close contact with the upper crown or lower ring surface, and the lower plane of the second L-shaped support frame (2) is in close contact with the blade surface. Step 5: Align the center mark line (9) of the shaft pin with the scale line (8) on the surface of the first L-shaped support frame (1) and read the actual radius of the welding fillet; Step Six: Keeping the device in place, move the measuring tool in parallel to complete the radius detection at different positions of the same weld fillet.

6. The method for measuring the fillet radius of the weld between a turbine blade and its upper crown or lower ring according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step five also includes judging whether the smoothness of the welded round corner is qualified by observing the degree of fit between the flexible round tube (5) and the welded round corner surface.

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