Method, medium and device for performance evaluation of optical sensors under laser jamming conditions

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of sensor performance evaluation, and relates to a method, medium and equipment for evaluating the performance of an optical sensor under laser interference. The method comprises: obtaining a laser interference image and sensor physical parameters; extracting image features; calculating multi-dimensional physical performance indicators; dividing interference levels; generating a dynamic performance degradation curve; and generating an optical sensor performance evaluation report. The present application establishes a physical performance evaluation system including saturation index, crosstalk index, thermal damage index and MTF decline index, quantifies the influence of laser interference on the sensor, realizes continuous level evaluation from no interference influence to permanent damage, can reflect the time-varying characteristics of the sensor performance, overcomes the limitations of static evaluation, provides dynamic basis for interference strategy optimization and equipment use decision, and is conducive to guiding the anti-interference design of the sensor and adjusting the laser power or illumination angle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sensor performance evaluation technology, specifically relating to methods, media, and equipment for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions. Background Technology

[0002] Laser interference affects the performance of optical sensors by degrading image quality, including saturation, crosstalk, reduced signal-to-noise ratio, and decreased resolution. Quantitatively assessing these performance degradations is crucial for analyzing countermeasure effectiveness, optimizing interference strategies, and guiding sensor anti-interference design. However, the effects of laser interference on sensors are multi-dimensional, nonlinear, and time-varying: saturation affects dynamic range, crosstalk affects spatial resolution, and thermal effects affect noise characteristics. These three factors are interdependent, and a single indicator cannot comprehensively reflect the entire process of sensor performance changes from mild interference to permanent damage. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a performance evaluation method that can comprehensively quantify multi-dimensional performance degradation, distinguish interference stages, and deeply correlate with sensor physical parameters.

[0003] In existing technologies, sensor performance evaluation methods under laser interference conditions mainly fall into three categories: (1) Evaluation methods based on image quality indicators use general image quality indicators such as peak signal-to-noise ratio and structural similarity to evaluate interfering images. These methods do not consider the special physical mechanism of laser interference, making it difficult to distinguish the effects of different interference modes such as saturation, crosstalk and thermal noise. Moreover, the evaluation results are not related to the physical parameters of the sensor and cannot guide the design of the sensor. (2) The evaluation method based on sensor damage threshold is to determine the critical value between laser power density and sensor damage through experiments to determine whether permanent damage has been caused. This type of method only gives a binary conclusion of whether damage has occurred, and cannot quantify the degree of interference and degradation process. Moreover, the experimental cost is high and the evaluation cycle is long. (3) The local evaluation method based on the physical model calculates local indicators such as saturation area, crosstalk diffusion radius and thermal damage area, but no unified performance evaluation model is established. The dimensions of each indicator are different and their physical meanings are different, making it difficult to comprehensively evaluate the overall state of the sensor and also unable to reflect the coupling effect of different interference modes.

[0004] In summary, the existing technology has the following shortcomings: (1) There is a lack of a comprehensive index system that can simultaneously reflect multiple dimensions of performance such as saturation crosstalk, thermal noise and resolution degradation, making it difficult to fully describe the state of the sensor under interference, especially ignoring the coupling effect between different interference modes. (2) The evaluation indicators are not closely related to the physical parameters of the sensor (quantum efficiency, saturation threshold, thermal conductivity and melting point, etc.), and the evaluation results cannot be directly used to guide the anti-interference design and failure mechanism analysis of the sensor; (3) It is impossible to distinguish whether the sensor is in a state of mild interference, severe interference or permanent damage, which is not conducive to interference strategy optimization and equipment use decision-making; (4) Existing methods are mostly static single-frame evaluations, which cannot dynamically reflect the time-varying characteristics of sensor performance during interference, such as the gradual degradation caused by thermal accumulation; (5) The dimensions of indicators such as saturation area, crosstalk radius, thermal damage area and signal-to-noise ratio are different, making it difficult to integrate them to form a comprehensive evaluation result. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the numerous shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes a method, medium, and device for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions. By establishing a multi-dimensional performance index system based on physical parameters, introducing an interference level classification method, and realizing dynamic performance degradation tracking, a comprehensive, quantitative, and dynamic evaluation of the sensor's interference state can be achieved.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions, including: Acquire laser interference images and sensor physical parameters; Image features of laser interference images are extracted to obtain saturation region features, crosstalk diffusion features, and noise power spectrum features; Based on sensor physical parameters and extracted image features, multi-dimensional physical performance indicators are calculated; these multi-dimensional physical performance indicators include saturation index, crosstalk index, thermal damage index, and MTF decrease index. The multi-dimensional physical performance indicators are normalized and weighted and fused to calculate the comprehensive interference index, and the interference level is divided according to the comprehensive interference index; the interference level is used to characterize the degree of laser interference to the sensor. The comprehensive interference index at each time point is calculated based on the time-series laser interference images. The physical performance indicators of each dimension are calculated and a dynamic performance degradation curve of the comprehensive interference index over time is generated. Generate an optical sensor performance evaluation report that includes multi-dimensional physical performance indicators, comprehensive interference index, interference level, and dynamic performance degradation curve.

[0007] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions.

[0008] Thirdly, this invention provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising: At least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions.

[0009] In some alternative embodiments, sensor physical parameters include quantum efficiency, saturation threshold, potential well capacity, pixel size, thermal conductivity, material density, specific heat capacity, melting point, initial temperature, and absorption coefficient.

[0010] In some optional embodiments, image features of the laser interference image are extracted, including: A grayscale threshold segmentation algorithm is used to detect saturated regions in laser interference images, and the area and depth of the saturated regions are calculated. Calculate the crosstalk diffusion radius around the saturation region and the diffusion grayscale gradient; the crosstalk diffusion radius is defined as the radial distance when the grayscale decays to a set ratio of the saturation grayscale. Welch method was used to calculate the noise power spectral density of the interfering image and to identify thermal noise and shot noise.

[0011] In some optional embodiments, calculating the saturation depth includes: setting the saturation depth as... , The area of ​​the saturated region. This is the saturated region. The x-coordinate of the pixel The vertical coordinate of the pixel For pixel grayscale values, The saturation grayscale threshold, For the maximum grayscale value, the saturation depth is expressed as: .

[0012] In some optional embodiments, calculating the diffusion grayscale gradient includes: assuming the diffusion grayscale gradient is... , The grayscale outline of the crosstalk diffusion region. The length of the outline. For pixel grayscale values, Radial distance, This represents the partial derivative of the grayscale value along the crosstalk diffusion radius, and the partial derivative of the crosstalk diffusion radius. The differential of the arc length of the contour line is represented as: .

[0013] In some optional embodiments, the Welch method is used to calculate the noise power spectral density of the interfering image, including: The interfering image is divided into several overlapping sub-windows, and the length and overlap rate of each sub-window are set. After applying a Hanning window to each sub-window, calculate the periodogram; The power spectral density is estimated by averaging the periodograms of all sub-windows. Based on the distribution characteristics of power spectral density in different frequency bands, thermal noise and shot noise can be identified.

[0014] In some optional embodiments, multi-dimensional physical performance metrics are calculated, including: Let the saturation index be , The area of ​​the saturated region. The total area of ​​the sensor. For laser power density, If the saturation power threshold is a single pixel, then the saturation index is expressed as: ; Let the crosstalk index be... , The crosstalk diffusion radius, For pixel size, The potential difference between the potential wells, Boltzmann's constant, Given the detector's operating temperature, the crosstalk index is expressed as: ; Let the thermal damage index be , This represents the peak temperature under laser irradiation. The initial temperature. The melting point of the sensor material. The material absorption coefficient, For laser power, The laser pulse width, For material density, For specific heat capacity, Given the area of ​​the light spot, the peak temperature is calculated according to the heat conduction equation. The peak temperature is expressed as: ; The thermal damage index is expressed as: ; Let the MTF decline index be... , The cutoff frequency after interference. If the cutoff frequency is the frequency without interference, then the MTF descent index is expressed as: .

[0015] In some optional embodiments, the multi-dimensional physical performance indicators are normalized and weighted and fused to calculate the comprehensive interference index, including: The physical performance indicators of each dimension are normalized to the interval [0,1], and the normalization value is set to 0. , This represents the physical upper limit for each physical performance index; the value of each physical performance index is... The normalized value is then expressed as: ; Let the comprehensive interference index be , The saturation index The weights of the saturation index, This is the crosstalk index. The weights for the crosstalk index, The thermal damage index, The weight of the thermal damage index, The MTF decline index, The weighting of the MTF decline index is then expressed as: .

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention establishes a physical performance evaluation system that includes saturation index, crosstalk index, thermal damage index and MTF decrease index. Each index is deeply correlated with the physical parameters of the sensor, and the influence of laser interference on the sensor is fully quantified. (2) This invention calculates the comprehensive interference index by weighted fusion and threshold division, realizing a continuous level assessment from no interference to permanent damage, avoiding the limitations of binary judgment, and providing a quantitative basis for interference strategy optimization. (3) The present invention can reveal the degradation process of the sensor under continuous interference through the dynamic performance degradation curve, reflect the time-varying characteristics of the sensor performance, overcome the limitations of static evaluation in the prior art, and provide dynamic basis for interference strategy optimization and equipment use decision-making. (4) The present invention uses a normalization process to process multi-dimensional physical performance indicators, which solves the problem of difficulty in integrating indicators of different dimensions and realizes the comprehensive evaluation of multi-dimensional information. (5) By calculating multi-dimensional physical performance indicators and classifying interference levels, this invention is beneficial for guiding the anti-interference design of adjustment sensors and for guiding the adjustment of laser power or irradiation angle. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 30 - Electronic device; 310 - Processor; 320 - Bus; 330 - Memory; 340 - Transceiver. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0020] Example 1 As an example, to address the problems existing in the prior art, this embodiment provides a method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions.

[0021] The implementation details of the method in this embodiment are described below. The following content is only for the convenience of understanding and is not necessary for implementing this solution.

[0022] The optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions described in this embodiment can be applied to electronic devices with communication, computing, and data storage capabilities. (See attached...) Figure 1 As shown, the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions provided in this embodiment includes steps 110-160.

[0023] Step 110: Obtain laser interference images and sensor physical parameters.

[0024] In some alternative embodiments, sensor physical parameters include quantum efficiency, saturation threshold, potential well capacity, pixel size, thermal conductivity, material density, specific heat capacity, melting point, initial temperature, and absorption coefficient.

[0025] This provides a benchmark for sensor physical parameters to be used in subsequent calculations of physical performance indicators.

[0026] Step 120: Extract image features from the laser interference image to obtain saturation region features, crosstalk diffusion features, and noise power spectrum features.

[0027] In some optional embodiments, image features of the laser interference image are extracted, including: A grayscale threshold segmentation algorithm is used to detect saturated regions in laser interference images, and the area and depth of the saturated regions are calculated. Calculate the crosstalk diffusion radius around the saturation region and the diffusion grayscale gradient; the crosstalk diffusion radius is defined as the radial distance when the grayscale decays to a set ratio of the saturation grayscale. Welch method was used to calculate the noise power spectral density of the interfering image and to identify thermal noise and shot noise.

[0028] In some optional embodiments, calculating the saturation depth includes: setting the saturation depth as... , The area of ​​the saturated region. This is the saturated region. The x-coordinate of the pixel The vertical coordinate of the pixel For pixel grayscale values, The saturation grayscale threshold, If the maximum grayscale value is given, then the saturation depth is expressed as: .

[0029] The spatial extent and intensity of the saturation effect are quantified by calculating the saturation depth.

[0030] In some optional embodiments, calculating the diffusion grayscale gradient includes: assuming the diffusion grayscale gradient is... , The grayscale outline of the crosstalk diffusion region. The length of the outline. For pixel grayscale values, Radial distance, This represents the partial derivative of the grayscale value along the crosstalk diffusion radius, and the partial derivative of the crosstalk diffusion radius. The differential of the arc length of the contour line is represented as: .

[0031] The spatial diffusion characteristics of crosstalk effect are quantized by calculating the diffusion grayscale gradient.

[0032] In some optional embodiments, the Welch method is used to calculate the noise power spectral density of the interfering image, including: The interfering image is divided into several overlapping sub-windows, and the length and overlap rate of each sub-window are set. After applying a Hanning window to each sub-window, calculate the periodogram; The power spectral density is estimated by averaging the periodograms of all sub-windows. Based on the distribution characteristics of power spectral density in different frequency bands, thermal noise and shot noise can be identified.

[0033] Specifically, let's set For the first The image grayscale value sequence of each sub-window For Hanning window discrete sequences, The normalization factor for the window function. , Divide the interfering image into segments equal to the length of a single sub-window. M There are overlapping sub-windows with an overlap rate of 50%. The normalization factor of the window function is expressed as: ; set up It is an imaginary number. To normalize the discrete frequency points, a Hanning window discrete sequence is applied to each sub-window. Then, calculate its periodicity diagram: ; Let the power spectral density estimate be , Given the total number of sub-windows, the average of the periodograms of all sub-windows is calculated to obtain the power spectral density estimate. . Thermal noise is mainly distributed in the low-frequency band and is temperature-dependent. Shot noise exhibits white noise characteristics and a flat spectrum. By analyzing the distribution characteristics of the power spectral density estimates in different frequency bands, thermal noise and shot noise can be distinguished. The Welch method is used to calculate the noise power spectral density of the interfering image, which can quantify the impact of interference on the sensor's noise characteristics and provide a basis for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio reduction rate.

[0034] The Welch method is used to calculate the noise power spectral density of the interference image, quantify the impact of interference on the sensor noise characteristics, and provide a basis for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio reduction rate.

[0035] Step 130: Based on the sensor physical parameters and extracted image features, calculate multi-dimensional physical performance indicators; the multi-dimensional physical performance indicators include saturation index, crosstalk index, thermal damage index and MTF decrease index.

[0036] In some optional embodiments, multi-dimensional physical performance metrics are calculated, including: Let the saturation index be , The area of ​​the saturated region. The total area of ​​the sensor. For laser power density, If the saturation power threshold is a single pixel, then the saturation index is expressed as: ; Wherein, the saturation threshold is set to The saturation threshold is the saturation irradiance threshold of the sensor, and the photosensitive area of ​​a single pixel is... ,but: .

[0037] Saturation index The larger the value, the larger the saturation region and the more severe the dynamic range compression.

[0038] Let the crosstalk index be... , The crosstalk diffusion radius, For pixel size, The potential difference between the potential wells, Boltzmann's constant, Given the detector's operating temperature, the crosstalk index is expressed as: ; Crosstalk Index The larger the value, the more severe the crosstalk diffusion and the more significant the decrease in spatial resolution.

[0039] Let the thermal damage index be , This represents the peak temperature under laser irradiation. The initial temperature. The melting point of the sensor material. The material absorption coefficient, For laser power, The laser pulse width, For material density, For specific heat capacity, Given the area of ​​the light spot, the peak temperature is calculated according to the heat conduction equation. The peak temperature is expressed as: ; The thermal damage index is expressed as: ; thermal damage index The closer the value is to 1, the closer it is to the meltdown threshold, and the higher the risk of thermal damage. If... If it is , it indicates that permanent damage has occurred.

[0040] Let the MTF decline index be... , The cutoff frequency after interference. If the cutoff frequency is the frequency without interference, then the MTF descent index is expressed as: .

[0041] MTF Decline Index The smaller the value, the more severe the loss of high-frequency information and the higher the degree of image blurring.

[0042] Based on sensor physical parameters, image features are transformed into physical performance indicators, thereby establishing a physical performance evaluation system that includes saturation index, crosstalk index, thermal damage index, and MTF decline index. Each indicator is deeply correlated with sensor physical parameters, comprehensively quantifying the impact of laser interference on the sensor.

[0043] Step 140: Normalize and weight the multi-dimensional physical performance indicators, calculate the comprehensive interference index, and classify the interference level according to the comprehensive interference index; the interference level is used to characterize the degree of laser interference to the sensor.

[0044] In some optional embodiments, the multi-dimensional physical performance indicators are normalized and weighted and fused to calculate the comprehensive interference index, including: The physical performance indicators of each dimension are normalized to the interval [0,1], and the normalization value is set to 0. , This represents the physical upper limit for each physical performance index; the value of each physical performance index is... The normalized value is then expressed as: ; Let the comprehensive interference index be , The saturation index The weights of the saturation index, This is the crosstalk index. The weights for the crosstalk index, The thermal damage index, The weight of the thermal damage index, The MTF decline index, The weighting of the MTF decline index is then expressed as: .

[0045] The weights of each physical performance index satisfy the following: By employing a normalization process to handle multi-dimensional physical performance indicators, the problem of difficulty in integrating indicators with different dimensions is solved, and a comprehensive evaluation of multi-dimensional information is achieved.

[0046] The weights of each physical performance index can be dynamically adjusted according to the interference mode.

[0047] Under different interference modes, the contribution of performance degradation factors such as saturation, crosstalk, thermal damage, and resolution reduction varies significantly. Therefore, it is necessary to dynamically adjust the weights of each physical performance index to ensure the accuracy of the comprehensive interference index.

[0048] Interference modes include saturation-dominated mode, thermal effect-dominated mode, crosstalk-dominated mode, and mixed interference mode.

[0049] In saturation-dominated mode, laser energy is primarily absorbed by the pixel through photoelectric conversion. The resulting photogenerated charge rapidly fills the potential well of a single pixel, causing it to enter a transient saturation state. The overflowing charge diffuses to neighboring pixels, triggering crosstalk. At this point, almost all laser energy is used to generate photogenerated charge, resulting in minimal material temperature rise and a small thermal effect. The saturation index and crosstalk index are the dominant degradation indicators of the sensor. Optionally, in saturation-dominated mode, the weights of the various physical performance indicators are adjusted as follows: , , , .

[0050] In the thermally-dominated mode, laser energy is primarily absorbed by the sensor substrate material through a thermal absorption process, converting into heat energy that accumulates locally. This leads to a sharp increase in pixel temperature, which in turn causes an exponential increase in thermal noise, changes in carrier concentration in the semiconductor material, and damage to the optical thin film. Ultimately, this results in material melting or vaporization, causing permanent damage. In this case, the saturation effect is masked by the thermal effect and is no longer the dominant degradation factor. Optionally, in the thermally-dominated mode, the weights of the various physical performance indicators are adjusted as follows: , , , .

[0051] In crosstalk-dominated mode, even if the laser power does not reach the saturation threshold of a single pixel, due to the extremely small pixel size, a small amount of overflow charge can diffuse to multiple neighboring pixels through the tunneling effect between potential wells, resulting in large-area crosstalk and severely reducing spatial resolution. At this point, the saturation region is very small, but the crosstalk diffusion range is extremely large. Optionally, in crosstalk-dominated mode, the weights of various physical performance indicators are adjusted as follows: , , , .

[0052] When saturation and thermal effects coexist and couple, a mixed interference mode is formed. Under this mixed interference mode: in the initial stage (from the initial point to the first set time point), saturation dominates, with the saturation index and crosstalk index rising rapidly; in the transition stage (from the first set time point to the second set time point), heat accumulation gradually increases, the thermal damage index rises slowly, and the saturation index tends to stabilize; in the later stage (from the first set time point to the second set time point), the thermal effect dominates, the thermal damage index rises sharply, and the sensor enters a state of permanent damage. Time series analysis automatically identifies the transition of the interference mode and adjusts the weights in real time. For example, when the saturation index is greater than the first set threshold and the thermal damage index is less than the second set threshold, it is determined to be a saturation-dominated mode; when the thermal damage index is greater than the third set threshold and the rate of change of the thermal damage index is greater than the set rate, it is determined to be a thermal effect-dominated mode; in other cases, linear interpolation weights can be used to achieve a smooth transition. Taking the linear interpolation weight method as an example, in the transition stage from saturation dominance to thermal effect dominance, the transition interval is set as follows: , The weights for each physical performance index, For the weights in the saturation-dominated mode, If the weights are in the heat effect-dominated mode, then: .

[0053] By dynamically adjusting the weights of each physical performance index, the comprehensive interference index is ensured to change continuously with the degree of interference, thus avoiding evaluation errors caused by sudden changes in weights.

[0054] Interference levels are classified according to the comprehensive interference index, specifically including: Level 1: If the overall interference index is less than the first set reference value, the sensor function is normal, the image quality is not significantly reduced, and the sensor is not affected by interference. Level 2: If the overall interference index is greater than or equal to the first set reference value and less than the second set reference value, the sensor function can be restored, and the image will show identifiable saturation or blurring. Level 3: If the comprehensive interference index is greater than or equal to the second set reference value and less than the third set reference value, the sensor function will be significantly reduced and the image will be severely degraded, but it can be recovered after the laser is turned off. Level 4: If the overall interference index is greater than or equal to the third set reference value, the sensor will suffer irreversible damage and lose its function.

[0055] By calculating the comprehensive interference index through weighted fusion and threshold division, a continuous level assessment from no interference to permanent damage is achieved, avoiding the limitations of binary judgment and providing a quantitative basis for interference strategy optimization.

[0056] Optionally, the first, second, third, and fourth reference values ​​can be set according to actual conditions. For example, the first reference value can be 0.2, the second reference value 0.5, and the third reference value 0.8.

[0057] By integrating multi-dimensional physical indicators into a single comprehensive evaluation result, intelligent classification of interference levels can be achieved.

[0058] Step 150: Calculate the comprehensive interference index at each time point based on the time series laser interference images, calculate the physical performance indicators of each dimension, and generate a dynamic performance degradation curve of the comprehensive interference index over time.

[0059] Dynamic performance degradation curves can reveal the degradation process of sensors under continuous interference, reflect the time-varying characteristics of sensor performance, overcome the limitations of static evaluation in existing technologies, and provide dynamic basis for interference strategy optimization and equipment use decisions.

[0060] Step 160: Generate an optical sensor performance evaluation report that includes multi-dimensional physical performance indicators, comprehensive interference index, interference level, and dynamic performance degradation curve.

[0061] Specifically, calculating multi-dimensional physical performance indicators and classifying interference levels can help guide the anti-interference design of sensors and the adjustment of laser power or irradiation angle. For example, the heat dissipation structure of sensors can be optimized based on the thermal damage index, and the optical system can be optimized based on the MTF decline index.

[0062] Example 2 Another embodiment of this application relates to a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the above-described embodiment of the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions.

[0063] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. This program is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a device (which may be a microcontroller, chip, etc.) or processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0064] In some embodiments of this application, a computer program product is also provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the methods described in the above embodiments.

[0065] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes can be made to them in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

[0066] Example 3 Based on the same principles as the methods shown in the embodiments of the present invention, the embodiments of the present invention also provide electronic devices, such as those shown in the appendix. Figure 2 As shown, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to: at least one processor; and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions.

[0067] In one alternative embodiment, an electronic device is provided, with... Figure 2 The illustrated electronic device 30 includes a processor 310 and a memory 330. The processor 310 and the memory 330 are connected, for example, via a bus 320.

[0068] Optionally, the electronic device 30 may further include a transceiver 340, which can be used for data interaction between the electronic device and other electronic devices, such as sending and / or receiving data. It should be noted that in practical applications, the transceiver 340 is not limited to one type, and the structure of the electronic device 30 does not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0069] Processor 310 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a general-purpose processor, a DSP (Digital Signal Processor), an ASIC (Application-Specific Integrated Circuit), an FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), or other programmable logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. Processor 310 may also be a combination that implements computing functions, such as including one or more microprocessor combinations, or a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor.

[0070] Bus 320 may include a pathway for transmitting information between the aforementioned components. Bus 320 may be a PCI peripheral component interconnect standard bus or an EISA extended industry standard architecture bus, etc. Bus 320 can be divided into control bus, data bus, address bus, etc. For ease of illustration, see attached... Figure 2 The character is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or a type of bus.

[0071] The memory 330 may be a ROM read-only memory or other type of static storage device capable of storing static information and instructions, RAM random access memory or other type of dynamic storage device capable of storing information and instructions, or an EEPROM electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, a CD-ROM read-only optical disc or other optical disc storage, optical disc storage (including optical discs, laser discs, compressed optical discs, digital universal optical discs, etc.), a disk storage medium, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and accessible by a computer, but not limited thereto.

[0072] The memory 330 is used to store application code (computer program) for executing the present invention, and its execution is controlled by the processor 310. The processor 310 is used to execute the application code stored in the memory 330 to implement the content shown in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0073] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions, characterized in that, include: Acquire laser interference images and sensor physical parameters; Image features of laser interference images are extracted to obtain saturation region features, crosstalk diffusion features, and noise power spectrum features; Based on sensor physical parameters and extracted image features, multi-dimensional physical performance indicators are calculated; these multi-dimensional physical performance indicators include saturation index, crosstalk index, thermal damage index, and MTF decrease index. The multi-dimensional physical performance indicators are normalized and weighted and fused to calculate the comprehensive interference index, and the interference level is divided according to the comprehensive interference index; the interference level is used to characterize the degree of laser interference to the sensor. The comprehensive interference index at each time point is calculated based on the time-series laser interference images. The physical performance indicators of each dimension are calculated and a dynamic performance degradation curve of the comprehensive interference index over time is generated. Generate an optical sensor performance evaluation report that includes multi-dimensional physical performance indicators, comprehensive interference index, interference level, and dynamic performance degradation curve.

2. The method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sensor physical parameters include quantum efficiency, saturation threshold, potential well capacity, pixel size, thermal conductivity, material density, specific heat capacity, melting point, initial temperature, and absorption coefficient.

3. The method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Extracting image features from laser interference images, including: A grayscale threshold segmentation algorithm is used to detect saturated regions in laser interference images, and the area and depth of the saturated regions are calculated. Calculate the crosstalk diffusion radius around the saturation region and the diffusion grayscale gradient; the crosstalk diffusion radius is defined as the radial distance when the grayscale decays to a set ratio of the saturation grayscale. Welch method was used to calculate the noise power spectral density of the interfering image and to identify thermal noise and shot noise.

4. The method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions according to claim 3, characterized in that, Calculating the saturation depth includes: assuming the saturation depth is... , The area of ​​the saturated region. This is the saturated region. The x-coordinate of the pixel The vertical coordinate of the pixel For pixel grayscale values, The saturation grayscale threshold, For the maximum grayscale value, the saturation depth is expressed as: 。 5. The method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating the diffusion grayscale gradient includes: assuming the diffusion grayscale gradient is... , The grayscale outline of the crosstalk diffusion region. The length of the outline. For pixel grayscale values, Radial distance, This represents the partial derivative of the grayscale value along the crosstalk diffusion radius, and the partial derivative of the crosstalk diffusion radius. The differential of the arc length of the contour line is represented as: 。 6. The method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The noise power spectral density of the interfering image is calculated using the Welch method, including: The interfering image is divided into several overlapping sub-windows, and the length and overlap rate of each sub-window are set. After applying a Hanning window to each sub-window, calculate the periodogram; The power spectral density is estimated by averaging the periodograms of all sub-windows. Based on the distribution characteristics of power spectral density in different frequency bands, thermal noise and shot noise can be identified.

7. The method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate multi-dimensional physical performance metrics, including: Let the saturation index be , The area of ​​the saturated region. The total area of ​​the sensor. For laser power density, If the saturation power threshold is a single pixel, then the saturation index is expressed as: ； Let the crosstalk index be... , The crosstalk diffusion radius, For pixel size, The potential difference between the potential wells, Boltzmann's constant, Given the detector's operating temperature, the crosstalk index is expressed as: ； Let the thermal damage index be , This represents the peak temperature under laser irradiation. The initial temperature. The melting point of the sensor material. The material absorption coefficient, For laser power, The laser pulse width, For material density, For specific heat capacity, Given the area of ​​the light spot, the peak temperature is calculated according to the heat conduction equation. The peak temperature is expressed as: ； The thermal damage index is expressed as: ； Let the MTF decline index be... , The cutoff frequency after interference. If the cutoff frequency is the frequency without interference, then the MTF descent index is expressed as: 。 8. The method for evaluating the performance of optical sensors under laser interference conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-dimensional physical performance indicators are normalized and weighted, and the comprehensive interference index is calculated, including: The physical performance indicators of each dimension are normalized to the interval [0,1], and the normalization value is set to 0. , This represents the physical upper limit for each physical performance index; the value of each physical performance index is... The normalized value is then expressed as: ； Let the comprehensive interference index be , The saturation index The weights of the saturation index, This is the crosstalk index. The weights for the crosstalk index, The thermal damage index, The weight of the thermal damage index, The MTF decline index, The weighting of the MTF decline index is then expressed as: 。 9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The storage medium stores a computer program for executing the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes: At least one processor; and, A memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; wherein, The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the optical sensor performance evaluation method under laser interference conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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