An automatic monitoring device for silt based on drying method
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TARIM UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-12
Smart Images
Figure CN122192996A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of river sediment suspended particulate matter monitoring technology, specifically to an automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method. Background Technology
[0002] Sediment concentration monitoring is a core component of hydrological monitoring, river management, and the safe operation of water conservancy projects. Current mainstream monitoring methods are divided into direct and indirect methods: 1. Direct method (traditional manual drying method): As the industry benchmark method, it has the highest accuracy, but it requires manual on-site sampling, laboratory drying, and manual weighing and calculation. It has drawbacks such as low efficiency, inability to output in real time, poor representativeness, poor adaptability to field environment, and high labor costs, making it difficult to meet the needs of long-term online monitoring. 2. Indirect methods (optical method, ultrasonic method, turbidity method, laser method): can achieve automatic monitoring, but the measurement accuracy is easily affected by the particle size, color, organic matter, water flow bubbles, and environmental disturbances. Frequent calibration is required, the detection range is limited, the instrument cost is high, and it cannot be used as reference data.
[0003] Existing automatic drying devices generally suffer from problems such as inconsistent sampling volume, low drying efficiency, sediment residue, large weighing and moisture reabsorption errors, incomplete sand removal, and inconvenient field maintenance. Therefore, this invention provides an automatic sediment monitoring device that balances benchmark accuracy, full-process automation, and high reliability. Summary of the Invention
[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: An automatic sediment monitoring device based on drying method according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a volume control component, a conveying component, a drying component, a sediment discharge component, a weighing component, and a control component; The volume-fixing assembly includes a volume-fixing chamber cover, a volume-fixing chamber, an overflow pipe, and an overflow sensor. The inlet of the overflow pipe is sealed and connected to the through hole in the side wall of the volume-fixing chamber. The overflow pipe is inclined downward and has a pointed outlet at the outlet end to limit the sampling volume by overflow. The overflow sensor is used to detect the overflow status to confirm that the volume-fixing is completed. The delivery assembly includes a sample inlet tube connecting the volumetric cavity and the drying assembly. The sample inlet tube is equipped with a water inlet valve, which includes a detachable solenoid valve body for easy field maintenance, replacement or cleaning. The drying assembly includes a cylindrical heating and drying chamber and an annular high-temperature ceramic heating ring disposed on the outer periphery of the heating and drying chamber. The upper wall and / or the upper part of the side wall of the heating and drying chamber are provided with a groove-shaped steam exhaust port. The bottom of the heating and drying chamber is a convex frustum structure and is provided with a sand discharge port. The sand discharge assembly includes a sand discharge valve that is sealed to the sand discharge port. The sand discharge valve is an electrically controlled butterfly valve and is equipped with a drive mechanism. The weighing assembly includes a pipe-shaped tray located below the electrically controlled butterfly valve and a weighing sensor connected to the tray. A small fan is installed inside the pipe-shaped tray, and a movable sand receiving tray is installed at the front end. The sand receiving tray can be pulled out for receiving, transferring, or cleaning mud and sand samples. The control component is used to control the valve body of the solenoid valve, the high-temperature ceramic heating coil, the drive mechanism of the electrically controlled butterfly valve, and to collect the signal of the weighing sensor. The sediment concentration is calculated based on the constant sampling volume and the mass of the dried material.
[0005] The overflow pipe includes two straight pipe sections and a bend connection section, with a pointed outlet used to reduce dripping and stabilize the overflow.
[0006] The high-temperature ceramic heating coil is filled with thermally conductive material and has an outer cover. The outer cover is connected to the electrical control module of the heating and drying chamber to achieve precise temperature and time control.
[0007] The steam exhaust ports are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the top surface of the heating and drying chamber to improve drying efficiency.
[0008] The convex frustum structure at the bottom of the heating and drying chamber allows the dried mud and sand to converge at the sand discharge port under gravity, reducing residue.
[0009] The electrically controlled butterfly valve includes a butterfly valve disc, a metal valve body, and a drive mechanism, which is electrically connected to the control component.
[0010] The tray sidewall has a circular hole aligned with the sand discharge port, which allows the small fan to generate ventilation and cooling airflow, reducing moisture regain error.
[0011] The weighing sensor is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate at the bottom of the device via a sensor base and is electrically connected to the control component to realize weighing data acquisition and processing.
[0012] A method for monitoring sediment concentration using an automatic sediment monitoring device based on a drying method, characterized by comprising the following steps: a) The water-sand mixture is introduced into the constant volume chamber, overflows through the overflow pipe and is detected by the overflow sensor to obtain a constant volume sample; b) Control the solenoid valve to open, and send a constant volume sample into the heating and drying chamber; c) Control the high-temperature ceramic heating coil to heat and dry according to the set power and time, and discharge the moisture through the steam exhaust port; d) After drying, the drive mechanism of the electrically controlled butterfly valve opens, and the dry mud and sand fall into the tray; e) Start the small fan for cooling, obtain the dry matter mass by the weighing sensor, and the control component calculates the sediment concentration according to the formula: concentration = dry sand mass / constant volume. f) After the sand removal and weighing are completed, the device is reset and enters the next monitoring cycle.
[0013] The advantages of this invention compared to the prior art are: 1. The overflow constant volume + overflow sensor design ensures that the sampling volume is strictly constant each time, resulting in strong data consistency and traceability; 2. The ceramic heating coil, combined with the slotted exhaust port, ensures fast drying speed, smooth steam discharge, and significantly improved efficiency; 3. An electrically controlled butterfly valve is installed at the bottom of the convex truncated cone to ensure no residue of mud and sand and thorough sand discharge, thus avoiding cumulative errors.
[0014] 4. The combination of fan cooling and movable sand receiving tray reduces moisture and adhesion errors, ensures high weighing accuracy, and facilitates maintenance; 5. Fully automated process, requiring no manual intervention, suitable for long-term online monitoring in harsh outdoor environments; 6. The detachable solenoid valve body facilitates quick maintenance in the field, enhancing the practicality of the device. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a front view of the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a top view of the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the volume control component of the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the weighing component of the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method of the present invention.
[0016] Figure label: 1-Volume control chamber; 2-Inlet valve; 3-Overflow sensor; 4-Heating and drying chamber; 5-Sand discharge port; 6-Sand discharge valve; 7-Tray; 8-Weighing sensor; 9-Sensor base; 10-Sand receiving tray; 11-Fixing plate; 101-Volume control chamber cover; 102-Overflow pipe; 201-Solenoid valve body; 401-Steam exhaust port; 402-Electrical control module; 403-High temperature ceramic heating coil; 601-Flange; 602-Electrically controlled butterfly valve drive mechanism; 701-Tubular structure; 702-Small fan. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.
[0018] Example: An automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to an embodiment of the present invention, such as... Figure 1-3 As shown, specifically, it includes a volume control component, a conveying component, a drying component, a sand removal component, a weighing component, and a control component.
[0019] like Figure 4 As shown, the volume control assembly includes a volume control chamber 1, a volume control chamber cover 101, an overflow pipe 102, and an overflow sensor 3. The volume control chamber cover 101 is located on the top of the volume control chamber 1 and is used for sealing and protection. The volume control chamber 1 is used to receive the sediment water sample to be tested. A through hole is opened at a preset height on the side wall, and the inlet of the overflow pipe 102 is sealed to the through hole. The overflow pipe 102 consists of two straight pipe sections and an elbow. The whole structure is inclined downwards, and the end is a pointed outlet to prevent water from dripping and sticking to the wall. The overflow sensor 3 is installed in the overflow path and provides a feedback signal when a stable overflow is detected to confirm that the sampling volume is constant.
[0020] like Figure 6 As shown, the conveying assembly includes a sample inlet tube connecting the volumetric cavity 1 and the drying assembly. A water inlet valve 2 is provided on the sample inlet tube. The water inlet valve 2 includes a detachable solenoid valve body, which facilitates field maintenance, cleaning or replacement.
[0021] The heating and drying chamber 4 of the drying assembly is a cylindrical barrel-shaped chamber with an annular high-temperature ceramic heating ring 403 on the outer periphery. The interior is filled with heat-conducting material, and an outer cover is provided and connected to an electronic control module 402 to achieve precise control of heating temperature, power, and time. The upper end and upper part of the side wall of the chamber are provided with groove-shaped steam exhaust ports 401, which are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the top surface of the heating and drying chamber 4 to quickly discharge steam. The bottom of the chamber is a convex frustum structure, which allows the dried mud and sand to automatically gather to the sand discharge port 5 under the action of gravity.
[0022] like Figure 5 As shown, the sand discharge assembly includes a sand discharge valve 6 that is sealed to the sand discharge port 5 at the bottom of the heating and drying chamber 4. The sand discharge valve 6 is an electrically controlled butterfly valve, consisting of a metal valve body, a butterfly valve plate, and a drive mechanism 602, and is driven by the control assembly. After drying is completed, the butterfly valve automatically opens, and the dry sand falls into the tray 7 of the weighing assembly. After the sand discharge is completed, the butterfly valve automatically closes and enters the next cycle.
[0023] The weighing assembly includes a tray 7 located below the sand discharge valve 6, a small fan 702, a movable sand receiving tray 10, and a weighing sensor 8. The tray 7 is a tubular structure 701 with a circular hole coaxial with the sand discharge port 5 on its side wall. The small fan 702 is installed inside the tube and uses a low-power fan to cool the dry sand, balance the airflow, and reduce the impact of moisture reabsorption on weighing. The sand receiving tray 10 is located at the front end of the tray 7 and is used to receive dry sand, allowing for sample extraction and transfer. The tray 7 is mounted on the weighing sensor 8, which is fixed to a sensor base 9. The sensor base is fixedly connected to the bottom fixing plate 11 of the device to collect weight signals in real time.
[0024] The control component is used for timing control and data processing. Based on the constant sampling volume and the mass of the dried material, it automatically calculates and outputs concentration data according to the formula: sediment concentration = mass of dry sand / constant volume.
[0025] The sediment concentration monitoring method of the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method is as follows: (1) The water sample enters the constant volume chamber 1 and overflows steadily through the overflow pipe 102. The overflow sensor 3 is triggered to complete the constant volume sampling. (2) The control unit opens the water inlet valve 2, and the sample enters the heating and drying chamber 4; (3) Start the high-temperature ceramic heating coil 403, dry according to the set parameters, and the steam is discharged through the steam exhaust port 401; (4) After drying, open the sand discharge valve 6 and the dry sand falls into the sand receiving tray 10; (5) The small fan 702 starts cooling, and the weighing sensor 8 collects the mass of dry sand; the control component calculates the concentration according to the formula C=m / V (C: concentration; m: mass of dry sand; V: constant volume) and outputs the concentration. (6) Clean the sand tray 10, reset the device, and enter the next monitoring cycle.
[0026] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method, characterized in that, It includes volume control components, conveying components, drying components, sand removal components, weighing components, and control components; The volume control assembly includes a volume control chamber cover (101), a volume control chamber (1), an overflow pipe (102), and an overflow sensor (3). The inlet of the overflow pipe (102) is sealed and connected to the through hole on the side wall of the volume control chamber (1). The overflow pipe (102) is inclined downward and has a pointed outlet at the outlet end to limit the sampling volume by overflow. The overflow sensor (3) is used to detect the overflow status to confirm that the volume control is completed. The delivery assembly includes a sample inlet tube connecting the volumetric cavity (1) and the drying assembly. A water inlet valve (2) is provided on the sample inlet tube. The water inlet valve (2) includes a detachable solenoid valve body (201) for easy field maintenance, replacement or cleaning. The drying assembly includes a cylindrical heating and drying chamber (4) and an annular high-temperature ceramic heating ring (403) disposed on the outer periphery of the heating and drying chamber (4). The upper wall and / or the upper part of the side wall of the heating and drying chamber (4) are provided with a groove-shaped steam exhaust port (401). The bottom of the heating and drying chamber (4) is a convex frustum structure and is provided with a sand discharge port (5). The sand discharge assembly includes a sand discharge valve (6) that is sealed to the sand discharge port (5). The sand discharge valve (6) is an electrically controlled butterfly valve and is equipped with a drive mechanism (602). The weighing assembly includes a pipe-shaped tray (7) located below the electrically controlled butterfly valve and a weighing sensor (8) connected to the tray (7). A small fan (702) is installed inside the pipe-shaped tray (7), and a movable sand receiving tray (10) is installed at the front end. The sand receiving tray (10) can be pulled out and is used to receive, transfer or clean mud and sand samples. The control component is used to control the solenoid valve body (201), the high-temperature ceramic heating coil (403), the drive mechanism (602) of the electrically controlled butterfly valve, and to collect the signal of the weighing sensor (8), and to calculate the mud and sand concentration based on the constant sampling volume and the mass of the dried matter.
2. The automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The overflow pipe (102) includes two straight pipe sections and a bend connection section, and the pointed outlet is used to reduce dripping and stabilize the overflow.
3. The automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature ceramic heating ring (403) is filled with thermally conductive material and has an outer cover. The outer cover is connected to the electrical control module (402) of the heating and drying chamber (4) to achieve precise temperature and time control.
4. The automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steam exhaust ports (401) are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the top surface of the heating and drying chamber (4) to improve drying efficiency.
5. The automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The convex frustum structure at the bottom of the heating and drying chamber (4) allows the dried mud and sand to converge to the sand discharge port (5) under the action of gravity, reducing residue.
6. The automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electrically controlled butterfly valve includes a butterfly valve disc, a metal valve body, and a drive mechanism (602), wherein the drive mechanism (602) is electrically connected to the control component.
7. The automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the tray (7) has a round hole aligned with the sand discharge port (5) so that the small fan (702) can form a ventilation and cooling airflow to reduce the moisture regain error.
8. The automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weighing sensor (8) is fixedly installed on the fixing plate (11) at the bottom of the device via the sensor base (9) and is electrically connected to the control component to realize weighing data acquisition and processing.
9. A method for monitoring sediment concentration using the automatic sediment monitoring device based on the drying method as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: a) The water-sand mixture is introduced into the constant volume chamber (1), overflows through the overflow pipe (102) and is detected by the overflow sensor (3) to obtain a constant volume sample; b) Control the solenoid valve body (201) to open and send a constant volume sample into the heating and drying chamber (4). c) Control the high-temperature ceramic heating coil (403) to heat and dry according to the set power and time, and discharge the moisture through the steam exhaust port (401); d) After drying, the drive mechanism (602) of the electrically controlled butterfly valve is opened, and the dry mud and sand material falls into the tray (7). e) Start the small fan (702) to cool, obtain the dry matter mass by the weighing sensor (8), and the control component calculates the mud and sand concentration according to the formula: concentration = dry sand mass / constant volume. f) After the sand removal and weighing are completed, the device is reset and enters the next monitoring cycle.