Carbon fiber composite antenna reflector surface snow melting system and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of snow melting technology for antenna reflectors, and discloses a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system and its preparation method. The system includes a first carbon fiber material, with a heating wire disposed on its outer wall. Both ends of the heating wire are provided with a male connector and a female connector, which are electrically connected. A padding material is disposed on the outer wall of the first carbon fiber material, and a temperature sensing probe is attached to the inner wall of the padding material. A second carbon fiber material is disposed on the outer wall of the padding material. The first and second carbon fiber materials are composited to form an integral structure. The input end of the male connector is electrically connected to a control system. By pre-embedding the heating wire between the first and second carbon fiber materials and controlling the power supply to the heating wire using the control system, the system can rapidly melt the snow covering the reflector surface when the external antenna surface is exposed to low outdoor temperatures and icy weather, ensuring that the product can still function normally in freezing, snowy, and other similar environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of antenna reflector snow melting technology, specifically to a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Carbon fiber composite antenna reflectors are typically made of carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composites. These materials are lightweight, have high specific stiffness, and stable molding precision, meeting the structural strength and electrical performance requirements of antenna reflectors. In outdoor environments, antenna reflectors are exposed to low temperatures, snowfall, and wind for extended periods, easily leading to snow or ice buildup on their surfaces. This snow or ice layer alters the geometry and surface condition of the reflector, affecting the electromagnetic wave reflection path and efficiency, resulting in decreased reception performance. Therefore, snow melting treatment is necessary to maintain the reflector's normal operating condition.

[0003] In existing technologies, snow melting on antenna reflectors is typically achieved through external heating devices, additional heating elements, or manual cleaning. External heating methods often involve adding heating elements to the back or surface of the reflector, or periodically removing snow manually. However, during use, it is difficult to create a stable and uniform temperature distribution on the reflector surface. Under low temperature and continuous snowfall conditions, the snow on the reflector surface is difficult to melt in time, thus affecting the antenna's continuous operating performance in frozen and snowy environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system and its preparation method, which solves the problem that snow accumulation on the reflector surface is difficult to melt in a timely manner under low temperature and continuous snowfall conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system, comprising a carbon fiber material one, a heating wire disposed on the outer wall of the carbon fiber material one, a male connector and a female connector disposed at both ends of the heating wire, the male connector and the female connector being electrically connected, a padding material disposed on the outer wall of the carbon fiber material one, a temperature sensing probe being attached to the inner wall of the padding material, a carbon fiber material two disposed on the outer wall of the padding material, the carbon fiber material one and the carbon fiber material two being composited to form an integral structure, and a control system being electrically connected to the input end of the male connector.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, firstly, the heating wire is coiled and arranged in multiple areas, with male and female connectors at both ends of each heating wire. However, the male and female connectors between each area can be interconnected. When needed, the male and female connectors of one area are first connected to the output and input terminals of the control system, respectively. The male and female connectors of the remaining areas are then connected to form a complete closed circuit. Current is input from the control system and heated through the heating wire. The padding material on both sides of the heating wire is to ensure that the heating wire is flush with the padding material, preventing damage to the heating wire caused by pressing it during the molding of carbon fiber material one and carbon fiber material two. At this time, the heat generated by the current through the heating wire is dispersed onto carbon fiber material two, heating its surface to - degrees Celsius, melting ice and snow. This ensures that the overall receiving performance is not affected by freezing, snow, or severe weather. Furthermore, as the heating wire continues to heat, a temperature sensor monitors the process and feeds back to the control system to prevent the heating wire from overheating and burning out.

[0008] Preferably, the control system includes an output plug, an input plug, a power supply, a temperature controller, a function meter, and a power regulator. The output end of the output plug is electrically connected to the male connector, and the input end of the input plug is electrically connected to the female connector. The power supply, temperature controller, function meter, and power regulator are all electrically connected.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the input plug is used to connect to the external power supply terminal, and its input terminal is electrically connected to the female connector. The output plug is used to output electrical energy to the heating system, and its output terminal is electrically connected to the male connector, thereby supplying power to the heating wire. The power supply provides working power to the system, and the power supply is electrically connected to the temperature controller, the function meter, and the power regulator. The power regulator is used to adjust the input power of the heating wire. The temperature controller is electrically connected to the temperature sensing probe to collect the temperature signal of the reflective surface and perform temperature control. The function meter is used to display the voltage, current, and temperature parameters of the system. The components cooperate with each other to form a closed-loop control system, realizing the adjustment and control of the heating power of the heating wire and the temperature of the reflective surface.

[0010] Preferably, the input end of the temperature sensing probe is electrically connected to the power supply, the output end of the temperature sensing probe is electrically connected to the temperature controller, and the temperature sensing probe has a diameter of 5mm.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the temperature sensing probe is used to detect the temperature of the reflective surface. Its input end is electrically connected to the power supply to obtain the working power, and its output end is electrically connected to the temperature controller to transmit the detected temperature signal to the temperature controller. The temperature sensing probe adopts a structural specification with a diameter of 5mm and is pre-embedded in the middle position between the heating wires to improve the accuracy and response speed of temperature detection.

[0012] Preferably, the power cord used by the power supply and the temperature sensing wire used by the temperature sensing probe are both connected by a 4-core wire, wherein the power cord has two positive and two negative cores, and the temperature sensing wire has two positive and two negative cores.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the power supply line used by the power supply and the temperature sensing line used by the temperature sensing probe are both integrated and connected using core wires. Two cores are the positive and negative power supply wires, used to provide working power to the heating line, and the other two cores are the positive and negative temperature sensing signal wires, used to transmit the temperature signal collected by the temperature sensing probe to the temperature controller. By using core wire integration, the power supply line and the temperature detection signal line are laid in a unified manner, reducing wiring complexity and improving the reliability of system connection and ease of installation.

[0014] Preferably, the padding material is located between the coiled heating wires and has the same thickness as the heating wires.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the padding material is placed between adjacent coiled heating wires and has the same thickness as the heating wires. It is used to fill the space between the heating wires, so that the heating wires and the padding material form a structure with the same height, thereby ensuring the flatness of the composite material layup and improving the structural forming quality and heating uniformity.

[0016] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for preparing a snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1. Lay carbon fiber material one on the surface of the mold, and coil heating wires in sections on the carbon fiber material one. Place padding material between adjacent coiled heating wires so that the padding material is the same thickness as the heating wire. At the same time, place temperature sensing probes at predetermined positions of the heating wires, and reserve connection positions for male connectors, female connectors and four-core wires.

[0018] S2. Prepare a leveling layer and fill the leveling layer between and above the heating wires to make the heating wires, padding material and leveling layer form a smooth transition structure.

[0019] S3. Carbon fiber material II is laid on the leveling layer and vacuum compacted and heated to solidify and form a composite structure, so that carbon fiber material I, heating wire, padding material, temperature probe, leveling layer and carbon fiber material II form an integrated composite structure.

[0020] S4. Prepare a transparent solar heating surface on the surface of the formed carbon fiber material, and connect the male and female connectors of adjacent heating wires in each region in sequence to form a closed loop. Then connect the closed loop and the temperature sensing probe to the control system through a four-core wire to obtain a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, in step S1, carbon fiber material is laid on the surface of the mold, and heating wires are coiled and arranged in sections on the carbon fiber material. A padding material is placed between adjacent coiled heating wires so that the padding material is the same thickness as the heating wire. At the same time, temperature probes are placed at predetermined positions on the heating wires, and connection positions for male and female connectors and four-core wires are reserved. The heating wires are resistance heating elements that generate Joule heat when energized. The temperature probes are used to collect temperature signals in the area where the heating wires are located and transmit them to the control system through the four-core wires. The male and female connectors are used for electrical connection between heating wires in each area and interface connection with the external control system. By arranging the heating wires in sections and forming a connectable loop structure, the current can pass through the heating wires along a preset path, thereby forming a uniformly distributed heat source inside the structure.

[0022] In step S2, a leveling layer is prepared and filled between and above the heating wires, so that the heating wires, padding material and leveling layer form a smooth transition structure. After curing, a continuous phase structure is formed, which fills the gaps between the heating wires and covers the surface of the heating wires, thereby establishing a continuous heat conduction path between the heating wires and the upper carbon fiber material. The heat generated by the heating wires is transferred to the upper structure through the leveling layer. At the same time, the leveling layer fixes and isolates the heating wires, reducing the interfacial thermal resistance caused by local gaps.

[0023] In step S3, carbon fiber material II is laid on the leveling layer and then vacuum compacted and heated to solidify and form a composite structure, so that carbon fiber material I, heating wire, padding material, temperature probe, leveling layer and carbon fiber material II form an integrated composite structure. The vacuum compaction process is used to remove interlayer gas and make each layer of material tightly bonded to form a stable laminated structure, so that the heating wire and leveling layer are encapsulated inside, forming an integral component with continuous structure and tight interface, and forming a continuous heat conduction path from heating wire to surface in the thickness direction;

[0024] In step S4, a transparent solar heating surface layer is prepared on the surface of the formed carbon fiber material II, and the male and female connectors of adjacent heating wires in each region are connected in sequence to form a closed loop. The closed loop and the temperature sensing probe are then connected to the control system through a four-core wire to obtain the carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system. The transparent solar heating surface layer covers the outer surface of the carbon fiber material II. It is a continuous and dense coating structure that allows external solar radiation to pass through and be absorbed by the underlying carbon fiber material, while limiting the loss of surface heat. The control system adjusts the power supply status of the heating wires through the power supply, temperature controller and power regulator, and adjusts the output power according to the temperature signal fed back by the temperature sensing probe, so that the heating wires work within the set temperature range.

[0025] When powered on, the heat generated by the heating wire is conducted to the surface of the carbon fiber material II through the leveling layer, causing the surface temperature to rise. After the power supply is stopped or reduced, the transparent solar heating surface layer, together with the carbon fiber material II, absorbs external radiation and maintains the surface thermal state, thus forming a heat supply mode in the interior that involves both electric heating and radiation absorption.

[0026] Preferably, in step S1, the resistance of the heating wire is 0.8 to 1.2 ohms, and it is arranged in multiple regions in a coiled form with a coiling spacing of 28 to 30 mm.

[0027] The padding material is disposed between adjacent coiled heating wires. The thickness of the padding material is the same as the outer diameter of the heating wire, with a thickness of 0.6 to 1.5 mm and a width of 3 to 12 mm.

[0028] The male and female connectors are waterproof.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the resistance value of the heating wire is set to 0.8–1.2 ohms, and it is arranged in multiple regions in a coiled form, with a spacing of 28–30 mm between adjacent coils. When energized, the heating wire generates Joule heating based on its resistance characteristics; the heat generated per unit length is related to the resistance value and the current flowing through it. By limiting the resistance value within the above range, and under the condition that the output voltage of the control system is constant, the heating wire forms a continuous and controllable heat distribution along the coiling path. By setting a coiling spacing of 28-30mm, the heating areas between adjacent heating wires are uniformly covered in the planar direction, thereby forming a planar heat source distribution between carbon fiber material one and the subsequently laid carbon fiber material two. This avoids temperature gradient differences caused by local dense or sparse heating. The heating wires are arranged in multiple areas, with male and female connectors connected to both ends of each area. The areas are connected sequentially through male and female connectors to form a closed loop. This connection method allows current to pass through the heating wires of each area sequentially, thereby ensuring that the heating state of each area is consistent. At the same time, the plug-in structure of male and female connectors realizes the electrical connection and disassembly connection between areas.

[0030] During the arrangement of the heating wires, a padding material is placed between adjacent coiled heating wires. The thickness of the padding material is the same as the outer diameter of the heating wire. The padding material fills the gap area between the heating wires, and its upper surface is at the same height as the outer surface of the heating wire, so that the heating wire and the padding material form a continuous support surface.

[0031] Preferably, the leveling layer in S2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of bisphenol F type epoxy resin, 8-15 parts of methyl phenyl silicone resin, 15-25 parts of hexagonal boron nitride powder, 8-18 parts of aluminum nitride powder, 3-8 parts of alumina sol, 1-3 parts of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-6 parts of dicyandiamide, and 0.5-2 parts of fumed silica.

[0032] The average particle size of the hexagonal boron nitride powder is 3-25 μm, and the average particle size of the aluminum nitride powder is 1-15 μm.

[0033] The preparation method of the leveling layer is as follows: First, bisphenol F type epoxy resin and methyl phenyl silicone resin are stirred at 20-40℃ for 10-30 min, then γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is added and stirred for 10-20 min, then hexagonal boron nitride powder, aluminum nitride powder and alumina sol are added and dispersed at 500-1500 rpm for 20-60 min, then dicyandiamide and fumed silica are added and mixed for 5-15 min, and degassed under -0.06 to -0.095 MPa conditions for 10-30 min;

[0034] The leveling layer is filled between and above the heating wires, and its thickness after filling is 0.3 to 3.0 mm.

[0035] By adopting the above technical solution, in the preparation process, bisphenol F type epoxy resin and methylphenyl silicone resin are first mixed to form a uniformly dispersed continuous phase system at the molecular level. Then, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane is added to form an interfacial bonding structure between the resin matrix and the inorganic filler. Next, hexagonal boron nitride powder, aluminum nitride powder and alumina sol are added to the system. Through mechanical dispersion, the inorganic filler is uniformly distributed in the resin system. Then, dicyandiamide and fumed silica are added to give the system curing reaction capability and rheological control capability. Finally, the gas in the system is removed by depressurization treatment, thereby obtaining an internally continuous and dense leveling layer material.

[0036] Hexagonal boron nitride powder and aluminum nitride powder form a multiphase dispersion structure in the resin matrix. They are spatially in contact with each other, forming a continuous filler network that allows heat to be transferred along solid paths within this network. Alumina sol forms a dispersed phase in the system and fills the interstitial regions between the fillers, ensuring continuous contact between the fillers and reducing interruptions in heat conduction caused by filler discontinuities. A silane coupling agent forms an interfacial layer on the surface of the inorganic filler, creating a stable interface between the filler and the resin matrix, thereby reducing thermal resistance at the interface.

[0037] The leveling layer is filled between and above the heating wires, covering them in the thickness direction and forming a continuous planar structure with the upper surface of the padding material. During the subsequent laying and curing of carbon fiber material II, a tight contact interface is formed between the leveling layer and carbon fiber material II, allowing the heat generated by the heating wires to be transferred to carbon fiber material II through the leveling layer. Due to the continuous distribution structure of the filler inside the leveling layer, heat is conducted along multiple paths within the layer and diffused in the planar direction, thus creating a uniform temperature distribution below carbon fiber material II.

[0038] Fumed silica forms a three-dimensional network structure in the system, thickening the resin matrix and maintaining the stable shape of the leveling layer during filling, thus creating a continuous filling state between the heating wires. Dicyandiamide reacts with epoxy resin during the heating and curing process, causing the leveling layer to form a cross-linked structure, thereby maintaining its geometric shape and internal structure stability after curing.

[0039] Preferably, in step S3, when vacuum compaction and heat curing are performed, the vacuum degree is -0.06 to -0.10 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 10 to 60 min.

[0040] The process then involves staged heating and curing, which includes: a preheating stage with a temperature of 70–90°C and a holding time of 20–90 min; an intermediate curing stage with a temperature of 100–130°C and a holding time of 30–120 min; and a post-curing stage with a temperature of 140–160°C and a holding time of 60–240 min.

[0041] The applied pressure during the staged heating and curing process is 0.1–0.7 MPa, the cooling rate during the cooling stage is 0.5–5 °C / min, and the demolding temperature is 30–60 °C.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, during the vacuum compaction stage, the laid laminated structure is placed in a sealed environment. The gas pressure inside the system is reduced by vacuuming, allowing the gas between the layers to be expelled. As the gas content decreases, the contact interface between carbon fiber material one, the leveling layer, and carbon fiber material two gradually tightens, reducing the interlayer gaps and forming a continuous contact state. Under the action of external pressure, each layer of material is compacted along the thickness direction, so that the heating wire and padding material are stably encapsulated inside the composite structure, forming a continuous structure at the interlayer interface and reducing the barrier effect of interface gaps on heat conduction.

[0043] During the heat curing process, a staged heating method is used to cure the laminated structure. In the initial heating stage, the fluidity of the resin system gradually increases, allowing the resin phase in the leveling layer and carbon fiber material to redistribute under pressure, thereby further filling the remaining micro-gaps. In the subsequent heating stage, the resin system undergoes a cross-linking reaction, transforming from a fluid state to a cured state, forming a stable three-dimensional cross-linked network within the composite structure. In the final heating stage, the cross-linking reaction is nearing completion, the system structure is stable, and the overall mechanical properties and thermal stability of the material are determined. Through the above staged process, the resin completes its flow, reaction, and curing under different temperature conditions, thus ensuring the formation of a continuous and dense structure between each layer.

[0044] Preferably, in step S4, the transparent solar heating surface layer comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight:

[0045] 20-35 parts of methylphenyl silicone resin, 15-30 parts of aliphatic polyurethane acrylate, 8-15 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysate, 1-4 parts of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 0.5-2 parts of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 0.5-2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer, 1-4 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 15-30 parts of a mixed solvent composed of butyl acetate and isopropanol.

[0046] The preparation method of the transparent solar heating surface composition is as follows:

[0047] First, add methylphenyl silicone resin, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate and mixed solvent into the reaction vessel, and stir at 300-800 rpm for 15-40 min at 20-35℃;

[0048] Add the tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate and continue stirring for 10–30 minutes;

[0049] Then add 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and hindered amine light stabilizer, and stir for 10-30 min;

[0050] Add dibutyltin dilaurate and continue stirring for 5–15 minutes;

[0051] Finally, the mixture is filtered with a filtration precision of 100-300 mesh to obtain a transparent solar heating surface composition.

[0052] The transparent solar heating surface layer was coated onto the surface of carbon fiber material II, with a cumulative film thickness of 100-200 μm, and cured at 20-35°C for 12-72 h.

[0053] By adopting the above technical solution, methylphenyl silicone resin and aliphatic polyurethane acrylate are first added to a reaction vessel and mixed with a solvent to form a liquid resin system. Mechanical stirring is used to make the components uniformly dispersed on a macroscopic scale. Then, tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate is added to form a silicon-oxygen precursor phase in the system. Then, 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and hindered amine light stabilizer are added to make the system contain both surface-modifying components and light-stabilizing components. Finally, dibutyltin dilaurate is added and stirring is continued to make the system have the catalytic conditions required for subsequent curing reactions. The resulting mixed system is filtered to obtain a transparent solar heat-enhancing surface composition.

[0054] During the coating process, a solid coating is formed through solvent evaporation and resin system reaction. Tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysate undergoes a condensation reaction in the system to form a continuous silicon-oxygen network structure. Methylphenyl silicone resin and aliphatic polyurethane acrylate form a cross-linked structure during the curing process, which intertwines with the silicon-oxygen network to form a composite coating matrix. Fluorosilane forms a low surface energy interface structure on the coating surface, giving the outer surface of the coating stable interface characteristics.

[0055] Under illumination, external radiation passes through the transparent surface layer into the carbon fiber material below, where it is absorbed and converted into heat. At the same time, the surface layer restricts heat exchange between the surface of the carbon fiber material and the external environment, thus creating a stable thermal state on the surface.

[0056] This invention provides a snow-melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector and its fabrication method. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0057] 1. This invention pre-embeds a heating wire between carbon fiber material one and carbon fiber material two, and combines it with a control system to regulate the power supply to the heating wire, so that the surface of carbon fiber material two can be stably heated to 40-50°C. This effectively melts the snow covering the reflective surface when the external antenna surface is in low outdoor temperature and snowy weather conditions, avoiding the problem of reduced signal reflection performance caused by snow adhesion, and ensuring that the product can still work normally in freezing, snowy and other environments.

[0058] 2. This invention provides a pad material of equal thickness on both sides of the heating wire and a leveling layer on top of it, so that the heat generated by the heating wire can be evenly transferred to the surface of the carbon fiber material, avoiding local overheating or uneven heat transfer, thereby improving the overall snow melting efficiency and achieving automatic snow melting without manual cleaning, ensuring that the antenna reflector maintains good receiving performance in complex climatic environments.

[0059] 3. This invention provides a leveling layer composed of bisphenol F epoxy resin, hexagonal boron nitride powder, and aluminum nitride powder between the heating wire and the carbon fiber material. This allows for a smooth structure while forming a continuous heat-conducting channel, which facilitates the rapid transfer of heat generated by the heating wire to the surface of the carbon fiber material, thereby accelerating the melting of snow, reducing local heat accumulation on the heating wire, and improving the system's thermal efficiency and operational stability.

[0060] 4. This invention constructs a transparent solar heating surface layer composed of methyl phenyl silicone resin and other materials on the surface of carbon fiber material. After the snow melts and falls off, the reflective surface can continue to absorb external solar radiation heat and convert it into surface heat energy, thereby reducing the continuous power supply time of the heating wire, reducing system energy consumption, realizing the synergistic effect of heating and snow melting and solar-assisted heat preservation, and further improving the overall energy-saving performance. Attached Figure Description

[0061] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 2 This is a partial structural diagram of the male connector of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of the padding material of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view at point A;

[0065] Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of the female connector of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the carbon fiber material II of the present invention;

[0067] Figure 7 This is a partial structural diagram of the output plug of the present invention;

[0068] Figure 8 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention.

[0069] The components include: 1. Carbon fiber material one; 2. Heating wire; 3. Male connector; 4. Female connector; 5. Padding material; 6. Temperature sensor; 7. Carbon fiber material two; 8. Output plug; 9. Input plug; 10. Power supply; 11. Temperature controller; 12. Function table; 13. Power regulator. Detailed Implementation

[0070] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] Example 1

[0072] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector, including the following steps:

[0073] S1. Lay carbon fiber material 1 on the surface of the mold, and coil heating wires 2 in sections on the carbon fiber material 1. Place padding material 5 between adjacent coiled heating wires 2 so that the padding material 5 is the same thickness as the heating wires 2. At the same time, place temperature sensing probes 6 at predetermined positions of the heating wires 2, and reserve the connection positions of male connectors 3, female connectors 4 and four-core wires.

[0074] Among them, the resistance of heating wire 2 is 0.8 ohms, and it is arranged in multiple areas in a coiled form with a coiling spacing of 28mm;

[0075] The padding material 5 is placed between adjacent coiled heating wires 2. The thickness of the padding material 5 is the same as the outer diameter of the heating wire 2, with a thickness of 0.6 mm and a width of 3 mm.

[0076] Male connector 3 and female connector 4 are waterproof connectors;

[0077] S2. Prepare a leveling layer and fill the space between and above the heating wires 2 to make the heating wires 2, padding material 5 and leveling layer form a smooth transition structure.

[0078] The leveling layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of bisphenol F type epoxy resin, 8 parts of methyl phenyl silicone resin, 15 parts of hexagonal boron nitride powder, 8 parts of aluminum nitride powder, 3 parts of alumina sol, 1 part of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2 parts of dicyandiamide, and 0.5 parts of fumed silica.

[0079] The average particle size of hexagonal boron nitride powder is 3 μm, and the average particle size of aluminum nitride powder is 1 μm.

[0080] The leveling layer is prepared as follows: First, bisphenol F type epoxy resin and methyl phenyl silicone resin are stirred at 20°C for 10 min, then γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is added and stirred for 10 min, then hexagonal boron nitride powder, aluminum nitride powder and alumina sol are added and dispersed at 500 rpm for 20 min, then dicyandiamide and fumed silica are added and mixed for 5 min, and degassed at -0.06 MPa for 10 min;

[0081] The thickness of the leveling layer after filling is 0.3mm;

[0082] S3. Lay carbon fiber material 2 7 on the leveling layer, and perform vacuum compaction and heat curing to form an integrated composite structure of carbon fiber material 1, heating wire 2, padding material 5, temperature probe 6, leveling layer and carbon fiber material 2 7.

[0083] During vacuum compaction and heat curing, the vacuum level is -0.06 MPa and the holding time is 10 min.

[0084] The process then involves staged heating and curing, which includes: a preheating stage at 70°C for 20 minutes, an intermediate curing stage at 100°C for 30 minutes, and a post-curing stage at 140°C for 60 minutes.

[0085] The external pressure during the staged heating and curing process is 0.1 MPa, the cooling rate during the cooling stage is 0.5℃ / min, and the demolding temperature is 30℃.

[0086] S4. Prepare a transparent solar heating surface on the surface of the formed carbon fiber material 27, and connect the male connector 3 and female connector 4 of the adjacent heating wires 2 in each region in sequence to form a closed loop. Then connect the closed loop and the temperature sensing probe 6 to the control system through a four-core wire to obtain the carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system.

[0087] The transparent solar heating surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0088] 20 parts of methylphenyl silicone resin, 15 parts of aliphatic polyurethane acrylate, 8 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysate, 1 part of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 0.5 parts of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 0.5 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer, 1 part of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 15 parts of a mixed solvent composed of butyl acetate and isopropanol.

[0089] The preparation method of the transparent solar heating surface composition is as follows:

[0090] First, add methylphenyl silicone resin, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate and mixed solvent into the reaction vessel, and stir at 300 rpm for 15 min at 20°C;

[0091] Add the tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate and continue stirring for 10 minutes;

[0092] Then add 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and hindered amine light stabilizer, and stir for 10 min;

[0093] Add dibutyltin dilaurate and continue stirring for 5 minutes;

[0094] Finally, the mixture is filtered to a precision of 100 mesh to obtain a transparent solar heating surface composition.

[0095] A transparent solar heating surface layer was coated on the surface of carbon fiber material 27, with a cumulative film thickness of 100 μm, and cured at 20°C for 12 h.

[0096] Example 2

[0097] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector, including the following steps:

[0098] S1. Lay carbon fiber material 1 on the surface of the mold, and coil heating wires 2 in sections on the carbon fiber material 1. Place padding material 5 between adjacent coiled heating wires 2 so that the padding material 5 is the same thickness as the heating wires 2. At the same time, place temperature sensing probes 6 at predetermined positions of the heating wires 2, and reserve the connection positions of male connectors 3, female connectors 4 and four-core wires.

[0099] Among them, the resistance of heating wire 2 is 1.0 ohm, and it is arranged in multiple areas in a coiled form with a coiling spacing of 29mm;

[0100] The padding material 5 is placed between adjacent coiled heating wires 2. The thickness of the padding material 5 is the same as the outer diameter of the heating wire 2, with a thickness of 1.05 mm and a width of 7.5 mm.

[0101] Male connector 3 and female connector 4 are waterproof connectors;

[0102] S2. Prepare a leveling layer and fill the space between and above the heating wires 2 to make the heating wires 2, padding material 5 and leveling layer form a smooth transition structure.

[0103] The leveling layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 35 parts of bisphenol F type epoxy resin, 11.5 parts of methyl phenyl silicone resin, 20 parts of hexagonal boron nitride powder, 13 parts of aluminum nitride powder, 5.5 parts of alumina sol, 2 parts of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 4 parts of dicyandiamide, and 1.25 parts of fumed silica.

[0104] The average particle size of hexagonal boron nitride powder is 14 μm, and the average particle size of aluminum nitride powder is 8 μm;

[0105] The leveling layer was prepared as follows: bisphenol F epoxy resin and methylphenyl silicone resin were stirred at 30°C for 20 min, then γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane was added and stirred for 15 min. Subsequently, hexagonal boron nitride powder, aluminum nitride powder and alumina sol were added and dispersed at 1000 rpm for 40 min. Then, dicyandiamide and fumed silica were added and mixed for 10 min, and degassed at -0.0775 MPa for 20 min. The thickness of the leveling layer after filling was 1.65 mm.

[0106] S3. Lay carbon fiber material 2 7 on the leveling layer, and perform vacuum compaction and heat curing to form an integrated composite structure of carbon fiber material 1, heating wire 2, padding material 5, temperature probe 6, leveling layer and carbon fiber material 2 7.

[0107] During vacuum compaction and heat curing, the vacuum level is -0.08 MPa and the holding time is 35 min.

[0108] The process then involves staged heating and curing, which includes: a preheating stage at 80°C for 55 minutes, an intermediate curing stage at 115°C for 75 minutes, and a post-curing stage at 150°C for 150 minutes.

[0109] The external pressure during the staged heating and curing process is 0.4 MPa, the cooling rate during the cooling stage is 2.75℃ / min, and the demolding temperature is 45℃.

[0110] S4. Prepare a transparent solar heating surface on the surface of the formed carbon fiber material 27, and connect the male connector 3 and female connector 4 of the adjacent heating wires 2 in each region in sequence to form a closed loop. Then connect the closed loop and the temperature sensing probe 6 to the control system through a four-core wire to obtain the carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system.

[0111] The transparent solar heating surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0112] 27.5 parts of methylphenyl silicone resin, 22.5 parts of aliphatic polyurethane acrylate, 11.5 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysate, 2.5 parts of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 1.25 parts of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 1.25 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer, 2.5 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 22.5 parts of a mixed solvent composed of butyl acetate and isopropanol;

[0113] The preparation method of the transparent solar heating surface composition is as follows:

[0114] First, add methylphenyl silicone resin, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate and mixed solvent into the reaction vessel, and stir at 550 rpm for 27.5 min at 27.5℃;

[0115] Add the tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate and continue stirring for 20 minutes;

[0116] Then add 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and hindered amine light stabilizer, and stir for 20 min;

[0117] Add dibutyltin dilaurate and continue stirring for 10 minutes;

[0118] Finally, the mixture is filtered to a fineness of 200 mesh to obtain a transparent solar heating surface composition.

[0119] A transparent solar heating surface layer was coated on the surface of carbon fiber material 27, with a cumulative film thickness of 150 μm, and cured at 27.5℃ for 42 h.

[0120] Example 3

[0121] This embodiment provides a method for preparing a snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector, including the following steps:

[0122] S1. Lay carbon fiber material 1 on the surface of the mold, and coil heating wires 2 in sections on the carbon fiber material 1. Place padding material 5 between adjacent coiled heating wires 2 so that the padding material 5 is the same thickness as the heating wires 2. At the same time, place temperature sensing probes 6 at predetermined positions of the heating wires 2, and reserve the connection positions of male connectors 3, female connectors 4 and four-core wires.

[0123] Among them, the resistance of heating wire 2 is 1.2 ohms, and it is arranged in multiple areas in a coiled form with a coiling spacing of 30mm;

[0124] The padding material 5 is placed between adjacent coiled heating wires 2. The thickness of the padding material 5 is the same as the outer diameter of the heating wire 2, with a thickness of 1.5 mm and a width of 12 mm.

[0125] Male connector 3 and female connector 4 are waterproof connectors;

[0126] S2. Prepare a leveling layer and fill the space between and above the heating wires 2 to make the heating wires 2, padding material 5 and leveling layer form a smooth transition structure.

[0127] The leveling layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of bisphenol F type epoxy resin, 15 parts of methyl phenyl silicone resin, 25 parts of hexagonal boron nitride powder, 18 parts of aluminum nitride powder, 8 parts of alumina sol, 3 parts of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 6 parts of dicyandiamide, and 2 parts of fumed silica.

[0128] The average particle size of hexagonal boron nitride powder is 25 μm, and the average particle size of aluminum nitride powder is 15 μm;

[0129] The leveling layer is prepared as follows: First, bisphenol F type epoxy resin and methyl phenyl silicone resin are stirred at 40°C for 30 min, then γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is added and stirred for 20 min, then hexagonal boron nitride powder, aluminum nitride powder and alumina sol are added and dispersed at 1500 rpm for 60 min, then dicyandiamide and fumed silica are added and mixed for 15 min, and degassed under -0.095 MPa conditions for 30 min;

[0130] The thickness of the leveling layer after filling is 3.0mm;

[0131] S3. Lay carbon fiber material 2 7 on the leveling layer, and perform vacuum compaction and heat curing to form an integrated composite structure of carbon fiber material 1, heating wire 2, padding material 5, temperature probe 6, leveling layer and carbon fiber material 2 7.

[0132] During vacuum compaction and heat curing, the vacuum level is -0.10 MPa and the holding time is 60 min.

[0133] The process then involves phased heating and curing, which includes: a preheating stage at 90°C for 90 minutes, an intermediate curing stage at 130°C for 120 minutes, and a post-curing stage at 160°C for 240 minutes.

[0134] The external pressure during the staged heating and curing process is 0.7 MPa, the cooling rate during the cooling stage is 5℃ / min, and the demolding temperature is 60℃.

[0135] S4. Prepare a transparent solar heating surface on the surface of the formed carbon fiber material 27, and connect the male connector 3 and female connector 4 of the adjacent heating wires 2 in each region in sequence to form a closed loop. Then connect the closed loop and the temperature sensing probe 6 to the control system through a four-core wire to obtain the carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system.

[0136] The transparent solar heating surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0137] 35 parts of methylphenyl silicone resin, 30 parts of aliphatic polyurethane acrylate, 15 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate, 4 parts of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 2 parts of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer, 4 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 30 parts of a mixed solvent composed of butyl acetate and isopropanol.

[0138] The preparation method of the transparent solar heating surface composition is as follows:

[0139] First, add methylphenyl silicone resin, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate and mixed solvent into the reaction vessel, and stir at 800 rpm for 40 min at 35°C;

[0140] Add the tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate and continue stirring for 30 minutes;

[0141] Then add 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and hindered amine light stabilizer, and stir for 30 min;

[0142] Add dibutyltin dilaurate and continue stirring for 15 minutes;

[0143] Finally, the mixture is filtered to a fineness of 300 mesh to obtain a transparent solar heating surface composition.

[0144] A transparent solar heating surface layer was coated on the surface of carbon fiber material 27, with a cumulative film thickness of 200 μm, and cured at 35°C for 72 h.

[0145] Comparative Example 1

[0146] The only difference from Example 2 is that hexagonal boron nitride powder is not added to the leveling layer in step S2.

[0147] Comparative Example 2

[0148] The only difference from Example 2 is that aluminum nitride powder is not added to the leveling layer in step S2.

[0149] Comparative Example 3

[0150] The only difference from Example 2 is that in step S2, no leveling layer is prepared, nor is the leveling layer filled between or above the heating wires 2; only the padding material 5 is placed between the adjacent coiled heating wires 2.

[0151] Comparative Example 4

[0152] The only difference from Example 2 is that in step S4, a transparent solar heating surface is not prepared, nor is the transparent solar heating surface composition coated on the surface of the molded carbon fiber material 7.

[0153] Comparative Example 5

[0154] The only difference from Example 2 is that, in step S4, the methylphenyl silicone resin in the transparent solar heating surface composition is replaced with bisphenol A type epoxy resin.

[0155] Comparative Example 6

[0156] The only difference from Example 2 is that, in step S4, the tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysate condensate and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane in the transparent solar heating surface composition are completely removed.

[0157] Experiment 1: Surface thermal conductivity heating test

[0158] Samples E1, E2, and E3 prepared in Examples 1-3 and samples C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 prepared in Comparative Examples 1-6 were taken respectively. Each sample was prepared as a 300mm×300mm test plate and powered by the same control system. During the test, all samples were first placed in a low temperature environment chamber at -10±1℃ and left to stand for 2 hours. Then, the power regulator was uniformly adjusted to an input power density of 180W / m². Five surface temperature sampling points were set at the center and four corners of the carbon fiber material 7 of each sample. The average value was taken as the average surface temperature. At the same time, an embedded temperature sampling point was set near the heating wire 2. After energizing for 10 minutes, the average surface temperature, the time required for the surface to reach 5℃, and the temperature near the heating wire 2 were recorded. The thermal conductivity coefficient was calculated according to K=(Ts-T0) / (Th-T0), where Ts is the average surface temperature after energizing for 10 minutes, Th is the temperature near the heating wire 2 after energizing for 10 minutes, and T0 is the initial ambient temperature.

[0159] Experiment 2: Snow Melting and Shedding Test

[0160] Samples E1, E2, and E3 prepared in Examples 1-3 and samples C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 prepared in Comparative Examples 1-6 were taken respectively. Each sample used a 300mm×300mm test plate of the same specifications as in Experiment 1 and was tested in an environmental chamber at -5±1℃. During the test, a 5mm thick artificial snow layer with a mass of 90±2g was evenly laid on the surface of the carbon fiber material 7 of each sample. Then, under the same control system and the same input power density of 180W / m², the sample was heated by electricity. The time when the first continuous snow melting channel appeared, the time required for the surface snow to fall off naturally to the exposed area reaching 90%, and the mass of residual snow after 20 minutes of power-on were recorded. The snow melting rate after 20 minutes was calculated according to R=(m0-mr) / m0×100%, where m0 is the initial snow mass and mr is the residual snow mass after 20 minutes.

[0161] Experiment 3: Solar-assisted heat preservation and power replenishment test

[0162] Samples E1, E2, and E3 from Examples 1-3 and samples C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, and C6 from Comparative Examples 1-6, after achieving 90% snow exposure area in Experiment 2, were taken respectively. The test was continued under the condition of maintaining an ambient temperature of -5±1℃, and simulated solar irradiation of 650±20W / m² was applied to the vertical direction of the sample surface. During the test, the temperature controller in the control system was uniformly set to maintain the sample surface temperature at 5℃. During the subsequent 60-minute maintenance period, the average surface temperature, the percentage of the control system's power replenishment operation time, and the power replenishment amount recorded by the energy meter were continuously recorded. The percentage of the power replenishment operation time was defined as the power replenishment duty cycle, and the cumulative power replenishment amount within 60 minutes was expressed in Wh.

[0163] Table 1: Surface thermal conductivity temperature rise test data

[0164] sample 10-minute average surface temperature / °C Surface reaches 5°C in time / min Temperature near heating wire / ℃ Thermal conductivity K E1 18.6 7.9 28.4 0.75 E2 21.4 6.3 29.5 0.80 E3 20.1 6.8 28.9 0.78 C1 14.2 10.7 26.5 0.67 C2 14.9 10.1 26.8 0.68 C3 10.8 14.5 24.9 0.61 C4 20.8 6.5 29.2 0.79 C5 18.9 7.5 28.3 0.74 C6 19.2 7.2 28.5 0.75

[0165] Table 2: Snow Melting and Shedding Test Data

[0166] sample Time of first appearance of continuous snowmelt channels / min Snowfall time / min Residual snow mass after 20 minutes / g 20-minute snow melt rate / % E1 6.2 16.4 7.6 91.6 E2 5.1 14.1 2.9 96.8 E3 5.6 15.0 4.5 95.0 C1 8.5 21.5 19.4 78.4 C2 8.1 20.7 17.6 80.4 C3 11.4 27.2 33.8 62.4 C4 5.8 17.8 10.3 88.6 C5 6.7 19.0 14.0 84.4 C6 6.4 18.6 13.2 85.3

[0167] Table 3: Test Data on Solar-Assisted Insulation and Power Replenishment

[0168] sample Average surface temperature during the 60-minute maintenance period / °C Power supply duty cycle / % 60min power replenishment / Wh E1 6.4 45 63 E2 7.2 36 49 E3 6.8 40 55 C1 5.9 53 72 C2 6.0 51 69 C3 5.2 62 83 C4 4.9 69 92 C5 5.1 65 86 C6 5.0 67 89

[0169] By comparing the experimental data of the examples and the comparative examples, it can be seen that:

[0170] As can be seen from Example 2 and Comparative Example 1, and Table 1, the introduction of hexagonal boron nitride powder into the leveling layer can construct a continuous heat transfer path between the heating wire 2 and the carbon fiber material 7, enabling the heat generated by the heating wire 2 to be quickly and evenly conducted to the surface, thereby significantly improving the surface temperature rise rate and the heat transfer coefficient. However, when hexagonal boron nitride powder is not added, the heat transfer channel in the leveling layer is interrupted, and the heat accumulates in local areas and is difficult to be effectively transferred to the surface, resulting in a slow surface temperature rise and a significant decrease in heat transfer capacity.

[0171] As can be seen from Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 and Table 1, the aluminum nitride powder and hexagonal boron nitride powder in the leveling layer work together to construct a multi-scale thermal conductive network structure, which is beneficial to the diffusion and uniform distribution of heat between composite material layers, and forms a stable heating area on the surface of carbon fiber material 7. However, when the aluminum nitride powder is removed, the thermal conductive network structure is weakened, the heat transfer path is reduced, resulting in uneven surface temperature distribution and reduced overall thermal conductivity.

[0172] As can be seen from Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, and from Tables 1 and 2, setting a leveling layer and filling it between and above the heating wires 2 not only achieves a smooth transition in structure, but also forms a continuous thermally conductive bridge structure, so that the heat generated by the heating wires 2 can be effectively introduced into the surface of the carbon fiber material 7, thereby promoting the rapid melting and shedding of snow. However, when the leveling layer is omitted and only the padding material 5 is retained, there is a gap and interfacial thermal resistance between the heating wires 2 and the carbon fiber material 7, which hinders heat transfer, resulting in a significant decrease in the melting speed of snow and a prolonged shedding time.

[0173] Combining Example 2 and Comparative Example 7 with Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the thermally conductive system constructed using hexagonal boron nitride powder and aluminum nitride powder in the leveling layer can maintain a stable heat transfer direction, allowing heat to be concentrated and output to the surface of carbon fiber material 7, thereby improving the snow melting efficiency. However, when the above thermally conductive components are replaced with quartz powder in equal amounts, the low thermal conductivity of quartz powder makes it impossible to form an effective thermally conductive network, resulting in difficulty in concentrating heat transfer to the surface, which manifests as a significant decrease in the snow melting rate.

[0174] Combining Example 2 and Comparative Example 4 with Tables 2 and 3, it can be seen that the transparent solar heating surface layer prepared in step S4 enables the surface of carbon fiber material 7 to continue absorbing solar radiation heat after the snow falls off, thereby significantly reducing the power replenishment duty cycle and power replenishment during the maintenance phase, and effectively reducing power consumption. However, when the transparent solar heating surface layer is not set, the surface lacks the ability to utilize solar radiation and relies solely on the heating wire 2 for continuous heating, resulting in a longer power replenishment time and increased power consumption.

[0175] Combining Example 2 and Comparative Example 5 with Table 3, it can be seen that the transparent solar heating surface layer uses methylphenyl silicone resin to construct a transparent and stable surface structure, which is conducive to the transmission of solar radiation and its absorption by carbon fiber material 7, which is converted into heat, thereby maintaining the surface temperature. However, when it is replaced by bisphenol A type epoxy resin, the surface structure changes, which is not conducive to the effective utilization of solar radiation, resulting in an increase in the duty cycle and the amount of electricity replenished during the maintenance stage.

[0176] As can be seen from Example 2 and Comparative Example 6, and Table 3, the introduction of tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate and fluorinated silane into the transparent solar heating surface layer creates a stable, dense structure with low surface energy. This not only helps retain surface heat but also helps maintain the stability of the surface state after snowfall, thereby further reducing the need for subsequent power replenishment. However, when the above components are removed, the integrity of the surface structure decreases, which is not conducive to heat retention and surface stability, resulting in an increase in the amount of power required for replenishment.

[0177] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector, comprising carbon fiber material (1), characterized in that, The outer wall of the carbon fiber material (1) is provided with a heating wire (2). Both ends of the heating wire (2) are provided with a male connector (3) and a female connector (4). The male connector (3) and the female connector (4) are electrically connected. The outer wall of the carbon fiber material (1) is provided with a padding material (5). The inner wall of the padding material (5) is attached with a temperature sensing probe (6). The outer wall of the padding material (5) is provided with a carbon fiber material (7). The carbon fiber material (1) and the carbon fiber material (7) are combined to form an integral structure. The input end of the male connector (3) is electrically connected to a control system.

2. The snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system includes an output plug (8), an input plug (9), a power supply (10), a temperature controller (11), a function table (12), and a power regulator (13). The output end of the output plug (8) is electrically connected to the male connector (3), and the input end of the input plug (9) is electrically connected to the female connector (4). The power supply (10), temperature controller (11), function table (12), and power regulator (13) are all electrically connected.

3. The snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input end of the temperature sensing probe (6) is electrically connected to the power supply (10), and the output end of the temperature sensing probe (6) is electrically connected to the temperature controller (11). The temperature sensing probe has a diameter of 5mm.

4. The snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power supply (10) and the temperature sensing probe (6) are both connected by a 4-core wire, with two positive and two negative wires for the power supply and two positive and two negative wires for the temperature sensing probe.

5. A snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector according to claim 1, characterized in that, The padding material (5) is located between the coiled heating wires (2) and has the same thickness as the heating wires (2).

6. A method for preparing a snow melting system using a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector, characterized in that, A snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector as described in any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following steps: S1. Lay carbon fiber material (1) on the surface of the mold, and arrange heating wires (2) in sections on the carbon fiber material (1). Place padding material (5) between adjacent coiled heating wires (2) so that the padding material (5) is the same thickness as the heating wire (2). At the same time, place temperature sensing probes (6) at predetermined positions on the heating wires (2) and reserve the connection positions of male connector (3), female connector (4) and four-core wire. S2. Prepare a leveling layer and fill the leveling layer between and above the heating wires (2) to form a smooth transition structure between the heating wires (2), the padding material (5) and the leveling layer. S3. Carbon fiber material II (7) is laid on the leveling layer and vacuum compacted and heated to solidify and form a composite structure, so that carbon fiber material I (1), heating wire (2), padding material (5), temperature probe (6), leveling layer and carbon fiber material II (7) form an integrated composite structure. S4. Prepare a transparent solar heating surface on the surface of the shaped carbon fiber material 2 (7), and connect the male connector (3) and female connector (4) of the adjacent heating wires (2) in each region in sequence to form a closed loop. Then connect the closed loop and the temperature sensing probe (6) to the control system through a four-core wire to obtain the carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system.

7. The method for preparing a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S1, the resistance of the heating wire (2) is 0.8 to 1.2 ohms, and it is arranged in multiple regions in a coiled form with a coiling spacing of 28 to 30 mm. The padding material (5) is placed between adjacent coiled heating wires (2). The thickness of the padding material (5) is the same as the outer diameter of the heating wire (2), with a thickness of 0.6 to 1.5 mm and a width of 3 to 12 mm. The male connector (3) and female connector (4) are waterproof connectors.

8. The method for preparing a snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector according to claim 6, characterized in that, The leveling layer in S2 comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of bisphenol F type epoxy resin, 8-15 parts of methyl phenyl silicone resin, 15-25 parts of hexagonal boron nitride powder, 8-18 parts of aluminum nitride powder, 3-8 parts of alumina sol, 1-3 parts of γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 2-6 parts of dicyandiamide, and 0.5-2 parts of fumed silica. The average particle size of the hexagonal boron nitride powder is 3-25 μm, and the average particle size of the aluminum nitride powder is 1-15 μm. The preparation method of the leveling layer is as follows: First, bisphenol F type epoxy resin and methyl phenyl silicone resin are stirred at 20-40℃ for 10-30 min, then γ-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane is added and stirred for 10-20 min, then hexagonal boron nitride powder, aluminum nitride powder and alumina sol are added and dispersed at 500-1500 rpm for 20-60 min, then dicyandiamide and fumed silica are added and mixed for 5-15 min, and degassed under -0.06 to -0.095 MPa conditions for 10-30 min; The leveling layer is filled between and above the heating wires (2), and the thickness after filling is 0.3 to 3.0 mm.

9. The method for preparing a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector snow melting system according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, when vacuum compaction and heat curing are performed, the vacuum degree is -0.06 to -0.10 MPa, and the holding time is 10 to 60 min. The process then involves staged heating and curing, which includes: a preheating stage with a temperature of 70–90°C and a holding time of 20–90 min; an intermediate curing stage with a temperature of 100–130°C and a holding time of 30–120 min; and a post-curing stage with a temperature of 140–160°C and a holding time of 60–240 min. The applied pressure during the staged heating and curing process is 0.1–0.7 MPa, the cooling rate during the cooling stage is 0.5–5 °C / min, and the demolding temperature is 30–60 °C.

10. The method for preparing a snow melting system for a carbon fiber composite antenna reflector according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the transparent solar heating surface layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-35 parts of methylphenyl silicone resin, 15-30 parts of aliphatic polyurethane acrylate, 8-15 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysate, 1-4 parts of 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 0.5-2 parts of 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole, 0.5-2 parts of hindered amine light stabilizer, 1-4 parts of dibutyltin dilaurate, and 15-30 parts of a mixed solvent composed of butyl acetate and isopropanol. The preparation method of the transparent solar heating surface composition is as follows: First, add methylphenyl silicone resin, aliphatic polyurethane acrylate and mixed solvent into the reaction vessel, and stir at 300-800 rpm for 15-40 min at 20-35℃; Add the tetraethyl orthosilicate hydrolysis condensate and continue stirring for 10–30 minutes; Then add 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane, 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole and hindered amine light stabilizer, and stir for 10-30 min; Add dibutyltin dilaurate and continue stirring for 5–15 minutes; Finally, the mixture is filtered with a filtration precision of 100-300 mesh to obtain a transparent solar heating surface composition. The transparent solar heating surface layer was coated on the surface of carbon fiber material 2 (7) with a cumulative film thickness of 100-200 μm and cured at 20-35°C for 12-72 h.

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