hammer mill

Abstract

This patent provides a hammer mill, comprising a machine body, hammer rotors, and a rotor motor. The overall assembly also includes a gap adjustment unit. The cavity of the gap adjustment unit is slidably mounted on a horizontal sliding guide rod of the machine body. A fixed crushing blade, which engages with the hammer rotor, is fixed to the inner wall of the working cavity. The adjustment unit is a push-rod power unit, with the power push rod fixedly acting on one end of the side wall of the cavity 22. This technical solution can adjust the corresponding meshing gap according to the different types of raw materials to be crushed; it can also compensate for wear and adjust to the original technically set gap value when wear occurs during operation. The solution also has the technical advantages of stable operation, uniform crushing fineness, high-quality finished products, and high crushing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This patent application relates to a hammer mill crushing machine that crushes raw materials to the required fineness by hammering, mainly used to crush materials including biomass, leather, grains, plastics, etc., into fine particles or fine wire rods. Background Technology

[0002] The main structure of a hammer mill includes a rotor motor, a hammer rotor inside the crushing chamber, and the crushing chamber itself.

[0003] Furthermore, the feeding screw can be a continuous spiral or a finned type with spiral lines arranged in a radially equidistant circle.

[0004] One preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution involves a screen plate surrounding the hammer, where the hammer rotor hammers the material to crush and pulverize it. Material particles meeting the requirements continuously leak through the screen holes and fall through the discharge port. While current hammer mills possess advantages such as high crushing efficiency, large capacity, and strong versatility, and are widely used in the crushing and pulverizing of biomass materials, leather, grains, and plastics, they still have significant technical drawbacks. The corresponding installation structure of the hammer rotor and the fixed blades on the inner wall of the crushing chamber maintains a factory-set fixed position with the initially set hammer crushing gap. In actual use, hammer wear gradually increases, leading to an increase in the crushing clearance. This quantitative change results in a qualitative change, causing a sharp drop in crushing capacity. Consequently, it becomes impossible to consistently obtain finished products with high uniform fineness, greatly affecting product quality and production efficiency. It also causes unnecessary power waste, resulting in high operating energy consumption and making it difficult to achieve the technical goal of low energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to solve the technical problems of existing hammer mills, where the wear of the hammers leads to a gradual increase in the crushing gap, causing the crushing performance to deviate from the set crushing requirements. To avoid increasingly poor crushing capacity, lower crushing efficiency and quality, and more serious power waste, the only solution is to replace the hammers. Furthermore, existing equipment cannot widely meet the crushing needs of various dry and wet raw materials. This invention provides a new type of hammer mill.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides the following technical solution: A hammer mill includes a body, a hammer rotor (3) and a rotor motor; the rotor shaft of the hammer rotor is horizontally rotatably supported on the moving body, and the rotor motor drives the rotor shaft. The overall composition also includes a clearance adjustment section; The aforementioned gap adjustment part includes a machine cavity and an adjustment part; The machine cavity 22 has its two end side walls slidably mounted on the horizontal sliding guide rod of the machine body; The hammer rotor is set on the central axis of the working chamber of the machine cavity (15). The inner wall of the working chamber is fixed with a crushing fixed blade that is in conjunction with the hammer rotor. The working chamber is provided with a feed port and a discharge port respectively corresponding to the feed end and discharge end of the hammer rotor. The adjustment unit includes a push rod power unit, which is located at one end of the outer side of the machine cavity; The push rod power machine has a power push rod fixedly acting on the side wall of one end of the machine cavity 22; The hammer rotor (3) has a hammering fit gap that is conical and rotating with the crushing fixed blade 20.

[0007] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the sliding limit of the machine cavity is located within the machine body.

[0008] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the push rod power unit is mounted on the body of the hammer rotor on the non-powered side.

[0009] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, the sliding guide rod is fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine body on the axial periphery of the working machine cavity 15.

[0010] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, a feeding screw is provided on the rotor shaft at the feed end of the hammer rotor. A stirring blade is fixed on the rotor shaft between the hammer blades and the cutter disc of the rotor. The stirring blade has the same inclination as the feeding screw.

[0011] In one preferred embodiment of the above overall technical solution, a discharge rotor is provided on the rotor shaft at the discharge end of the hammer rotor. The discharge rotor is composed of a rotor disc and push plates. The rotor disc is fixed on the rotor shaft and has push arms with equal circumferences on it. Push plates with push surfaces facing the discharge port are fixed at the top of the push arms.

[0012] The hammer mill technology disclosed in this patent application adds an adjustable axial position mechanism to the working chamber. The hammer rotor and the fixed crushing blades fixed to the working chamber and its inner wall form a conical hammer-meshing engagement structure, achieving adjustable meshing gap. Therefore, the meshing gap can be adjusted according to the different types of raw materials to meet technical requirements, especially for low-dryness, semi-dryness, and high-dryness materials. Its applicable dryness range reaches a wide range of 10-95%. Furthermore, it can compensate for wear during operation and adjust to the original technical setting gap value. That is, when the hammers or fixed crushing blades experience significant wear during crushing, the adjustment unit drives the horizontal position of the central axis of the chamber, adjusting the crushing rotation gap between the hammer rotor and the fixed crushing blades to the original setting size. This compensates for the loss of crushing capacity and the resulting decrease in crushing quality caused by wear, avoiding unnecessary power waste. This technology also has the advantages of stable operation, uniform crushing fineness, high-quality finished products, and high crushing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the assembly structure of this patent application.

[0014] Figure 2 This is an assembly diagram of the hammer blade disc and its hammer blades.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the discharge rotor.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of this patent application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present technical solution will now be clearly described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the technical solution of this patent application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this patent application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0018] This hammer mill includes a body 17, a hammer rotor, a rotor motor 19, and a gap adjustment unit. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 1 and Figure 4 .

[0019] The gap adjustment unit includes a machine cavity 22 mounted in the machine body 17 and an adjustment part of the machine cavity 22.

[0020] The machine cavity 22 is slidably mounted on the horizontal sliding guide rods 11 and 16 at both ends of the machine body 17 by its two side walls A and B. This allows for small-amplitude translational adjustments along the horizontal sliding guide rods 11 and 16 with the central axis of the hammer rotor as the reference, under the precise drive of the adjustment unit.

[0021] The hammer rotor has its rotor shaft 1 horizontally supported by two bearing assemblies 10 and 18 on the machine body 1 within the working chamber 15 of the machine cavity 22, and the rotor motor 19 drives and outputs the rotor shaft 1.

[0022] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The hammer rotor consists of multiple rotor frames and several hammers 4. Each rotor frame includes at least two rotor cutter discs 3, and each rotor cutter disc 3 has multiple hammer arms evenly divided by its center. Adjacent rotor cutter discs 3 are fixedly connected by hammer pins 5 at the top of the hammer arms to form a set of rotor frames. The rotor shaft 1 can be arranged with the required number of rotor frames according to the shaft length and the required degree of crushing. The hammers 4 are freely hinged to the hammer pins 5.

[0023] Driven by the rotor motor 19, the hammer rotor rotates at high speed, swinging the hammers 4 on it to form a hammering rotation surface that gradually widens from the feed end to the discharge end.

[0024] The inner wall of the working chamber 15 is fixed with a crushing fixed blade 20 that has the same conical mating surface as the hammer rotor. A conical hammering dynamic mating gap is formed between the hammer rotor's hammering rotation surface and the crushing fixed blade 20.

[0025] The working chamber 15 is provided with a feed port 8 and a discharge port 7 corresponding to the feed end and discharge end of the hammer rotor 3, respectively.

[0026] In this embodiment, a feeding screw 2 is preferably provided on the rotor shaft 1 before the feed end of the hammer rotor, and the feed port 8 is provided corresponding to the front end of the feeding screw 2.

[0027] The feeding screw 2 can be a continuous spiral or a fin type with spiral lines arranged in a radially equidistant circle.

[0028] The adjustment part is mainly a push rod power machine 14, which is fixedly installed at the outer end of the machine cavity. In this embodiment, it is fixedly installed on the non-drive side body 17 opposite to the rotor motor. Its power push-pull rod 12 passes horizontally through the body 17 and is fixed on the side wall A of the non-drive side of the machine cavity 22.

[0029] See Figure 4 The sliding guide rods 11 and 16 are fixedly installed on the two end walls of the body 17 on the axial periphery of the working machine cavity 15.

[0030] To increase the crushing pressure of materials in the working chamber 15 and improve the smoothness of the material's directional movement in the working chamber 15, a stirring blade 9 is fixedly provided on the rotor shaft 1 between the hammer blades and cutter discs 3 of the hammer rotor. The stirring blade 9 has the same inclination as the feeding screw 2.

[0031] In this embodiment, in order to maintain the smooth discharge of crushed material during crushing operation, a discharge rotor is provided on the rotor shaft 1 at the discharge end of the hammer rotor. The discharge rotor consists of a rotor disc and a pusher plate 6. The rotor disc is fixed on the rotor shaft 1 and has a pusher arm 26 with equal center division on it. The top of the pusher arm 26 is fixed with a pusher plate 6 with a pushing surface facing the discharge port.

[0032] After a considerable period of crushing operation, the hammer blades 4 or the crushing fixed blades 20 of the hammer rotor may wear down, causing the meshing crushing gap between them to increase. When this results in a significant deviation from the technical setting requirements for the hammer crushing meshing fit, the adjustment unit can be used to drive the machine cavity 22 to move slightly to the right as shown in the figure, until the gap between them returns to the set gap value for the hammer crushing fit. This adjustment compensates for the loss of crushing capacity caused by wear, maintains the equipment performance without compromising crushing quality, and avoids the waste of power caused by continuing to operate in a worn state.

[0033] To improve the stability and accuracy of adjusting the machine cavity 15, the machine cavity 15 is slidably fitted within the machine body 17 with the inner wall of the machine body 17 as a horizontal sliding channel.

[0034] The push rod power unit 14 can preferably be a gear-driven servo motor or a hydraulic power unit.

[0035] This adjustable function of the hammer mill also allows for flexible adjustment of the corresponding hammer meshing gap according to the type and dryness of the raw material. Therefore, this technical solution can be widely applied to materials with low dryness, semi-dryness, and high dryness, and has the technical advantages of uniform crushing fineness, high product quality, high crushing efficiency, and stable operation.

[0036] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this patent is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that this patent can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the inventive concept or essential characteristics of this patent. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and not restrictive, and the scope of protection of this patent is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this patent. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0037] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A hammer mill, comprising a body (17), a hammer rotor and a rotor motor (19); the rotor shaft (1) of the hammer rotor is horizontally rotatably supported on the body (17), and the rotor motor (19) drives the connected rotor shaft (1). Its features are, The overall composition also includes a clearance adjustment section; The gap adjustment part includes a machine cavity (22) and an adjustment part; The machine cavity (22) has its two end side walls (A, B) slidably mounted on the horizontal sliding guide rods (11, 16) of the machine body (17); The hammer rotor is set on the central axis of the working chamber (15) of the machine cavity (22). The inner wall of the working chamber (15) is fixed with a crushing fixed blade (20) that is in conjunction with the hammer rotor. The working chamber (15) is provided with a feed port and a discharge port respectively corresponding to the feed end and discharge end of the hammer rotor. The adjustment part includes a push rod power unit (14), which is located at one end of the outer side of the machine cavity; The push rod power machine (14) has a power push rod (13) fixedly acting on the side wall of one end of the machine cavity (22); The hammer rotor has a hammering fit gap that is conical and rotating with the crushing fixed blade (20).

2. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding limit of the cavity (22) is located within the body (17).

3. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The push rod power unit (14) is mounted on the body (17) on the non-power side of the hammer rotor.

4. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding guide rods (11, 16) are fixedly installed on the side wall of the machine body on the axial periphery of the working machine cavity (15).

5. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding screw (2) is provided on the rotor shaft (1) at the feed end of the hammer rotor.

6. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A stirring plate (9) is fixed on the rotor shaft between the hammer blades (3) of the hammer rotor. The stirring plate (9) has the same inclination as the feeding screw (2).

7. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that: A discharge rotor is provided on the rotor shaft (1) at the discharge end of the hammer rotor. The discharge rotor consists of a rotor disc and a pusher (6). The rotor disc is fixed on the rotor shaft (1) and has push arms (26) with equal center divisions. The top of the push arm (26) is fixed with a pusher (6) with a push surface facing the discharge port.

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