Stream data processing method and synchronous acquisition system for distributed optical fiber sensing

By combining a dual-channel ADC chip with external SDRAM, the synchronization error and storage bottleneck problems in the distributed fiber optic temperature measurement system are solved, achieving high-precision temperature demodulation and low-cost data processing.

CN122240558APending Publication Date: 2026-06-19SHANDONG UNIV
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Patent Information

Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
SHANDONG UNIV
Filing Date
2026-03-10
Publication Date
2026-06-19

AI Technical Summary

⚠Technical Problem

Traditional distributed fiber optic temperature measurement systems suffer from problems such as temperature measurement distortion due to channel synchronization errors, invalid blind zone data entry, and limitations of FPGA on-chip storage resources for high-order accumulation.

⚗Method used

A dual-channel ADC chip with a shared sampling clock is used, combined with a high-precision FPGA counter and external SDRAM. Multi-level precise synchronous acquisition is achieved through delay triggering and window enable mechanisms. A streaming data processing method is designed to ensure effective data capture window alignment, and lightweight multi-frame accumulation is achieved through a ping-pong rotation-double-end alignment-pipeline computing architecture.

🎯Benefits of technology

It achieves physical-level synchronization of multi-channel signals, improves temperature measurement accuracy, reduces hardware costs, and enhances the ability to detect weak Raman signals at a distance.

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Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of data processing technology. It proposes a streaming data processing method and synchronous acquisition system for distributed fiber optic sensing. The method calculates the precise delay cycle number by taking into account the system's inherent delay and blind zone length. A counter is started after laser triggering, and when the count reaches the specified number of cycles, an effective data acquisition window is opened to mask invalid blind zones. During the window period, real-time data acquired by the dual-channel ADC and historical accumulated data read from external memory are stored separately in FIFOs. When both FIFOs are not empty, an adder is driven to align and add the data and write it back to storage. After the accumulation count reaches a certain threshold, a shifted average is performed on the result to obtain noise-reduced data. This invention utilizes an FPGA to implement streaming buffering and real-time hardware accumulation, combined with a ping-pong storage mechanism, effectively eliminating channel phase differences and significantly improving the data processing speed and signal-to-noise ratio of the distributed fiber optic sensing system.
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